阅读说明：本技术 基于傅里叶变换的高维曲面3d打印系统 (Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system ) 是由 王庚祥 王博 秦潘潘 于 2019-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：基于傅里叶变换的高维曲面3D打印系统,包括基座,基座上固定有T型丝杆电机,T型丝杆电机通过丝杠螺母与打印平台连接,光轴导轨与T型丝杆电机平行安装,基座上方垂直固定连接有二级旋转电机,二级旋转电机通过同步带与同步带轮相连,同步带轮通过螺栓与二级连杆连接,二级连杆与打印喷头相连；基座的底板中心固定设有中心立柱,中心立柱的上端设有一级旋转电机；一级旋转电机的动力输出端与一级连杆相连；利用第一级步进电机带动同步带传动、第二级步进电机带动打印喷头旋转；T型丝杆带动工作平台沿Z轴的光轴导轨上下运动,实现3D打印系统的纵向上的打印运动,结构简单、体积小,在工作台上的移动量较小,噪音也大大降低,使用寿命更长的特点。(The Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system comprises a base, wherein a T-shaped lead screw motor is fixed on the base and connected with a printing platform through a lead screw nut, an optical axis guide rail is installed in parallel with the T-shaped lead screw motor, a secondary rotating motor is vertically and fixedly connected above the base and connected with a synchronous belt wheel through a synchronous belt, the synchronous belt wheel is connected with a secondary connecting rod through a bolt, and the secondary connecting rod is connected with a printing nozzle; a central upright post is fixedly arranged in the center of a bottom plate of the base, and a primary rotating motor is arranged at the upper end of the central upright post; the power output end of the first-stage rotating motor is connected with the first-stage connecting rod; a first-stage stepping motor drives a synchronous belt to drive, and a second-stage stepping motor drives a printing nozzle to rotate; the T-shaped lead screw drives the working platform to move up and down along the optical axis guide rail of the Z axis, so that the longitudinal printing movement of the 3D printing system is realized, and the three-dimensional printing machine has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, small movement amount on the working platform, greatly reduced noise and longer service life.)

1. The Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system comprises a base (4) and is characterized in that a T-shaped lead screw motor (12) is fixed on the base (4), the T-shaped lead screw motor (12) is connected with a printing platform (1) through a T-shaped lead screw nut seat (18), an optical axis guide rail (2) and the T-shaped lead screw motor (12) are installed in parallel, a secondary rotating motor (5) is vertically and fixedly connected above the base (4), the secondary rotating motor (5) is connected with a synchronous belt wheel (9) through a synchronous belt (16), the synchronous belt wheel (9) is connected with a secondary connecting rod (11) through a bolt (8) and a bearing (17), and the secondary connecting rod (11) is connected with a printing nozzle (14); a central upright post (3) is fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom plate of the base (4), and a primary rotating motor (7) is arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the central upright post (3); the power output end of the primary rotating motor (7) is connected with the primary connecting rod (6).

2. The Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system according to claim 1, wherein a secondary rotating motor (5) is vertically and fixedly connected above the base (4) through a bolt, and the secondary rotating motor (5) drives a secondary connecting rod (11) to drive the printing nozzle (14).

3. The fourier transform-based 3D printing system for high-dimensional curved surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base (4) has a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped opening of the base (4) is laterally arranged.

4. The Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system according to claim 1, wherein the T-shaped lead screw motor (12) is vertically and fixedly connected below the base (4) through a T-shaped lead screw nut seat (18).

5. The fourier transform-based 3D printing system for high-dimensional curved surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein the print head (14) is detachably connected to the secondary link (11); the secondary connecting rod (11) is rotationally connected with the primary connecting rod (6) through a bolt (8) and a bearing (17).

6. The Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved 3D printing system according to claim 1, wherein a throat (15) is arranged at the center of the printing nozzle (14), heating blocks (13) are embedded around the throat (15), and heating rods (10) are sleeved in the heating blocks (13).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a Fourier transform form-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

Background

The 3D printer is mainly composed of an extrusion system, a motion system, a control system and other components. Extrusion systems are generally composed of printing nozzles, extruders, and the like. The motion system is based on a Cartesian coordinate system, and an object is printed in a linear interpolation mode, and the printing mode determines that the traditional 3D printer is low in forming efficiency and low in precision. Especially printing the obvious high dimension curved surface of curvature change, traditional 3D printer can't satisfy the needs of production at all, and concrete defect lies in:

1) the problem of printing direction change when the cambered surface or curved surface material is formed is not considered, the distance between the lines formed by the ejected material in the layer-by-layer printing can be changed, and the mechanical property of a printed piece is poor;

2) when the material is printed layer by layer to form an arc surface or a curved surface, a linear interpolation mode is still adopted, and the geometric information of a high-dimensional curved surface cannot be accurately captured, so that the surface roughness of the printed piece cannot meet the technical requirement, and the precision of the printed piece is directly reduced.

3) For the surface of a printed object with a complex shape, the traditional 3D printer still adopts a linear interpolation mode, but has no capability of directly printing a curved surface, so that the printing efficiency of the traditional 3D printer is inevitably reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system; the system has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, small moving amount on the workbench, greatly reduced noise and longer service life, and most importantly, the system can efficiently obtain high-dimensional curved surfaces with high precision.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the high-dimensional curved surface 3D printer based on Fourier transform comprises a base, wherein a T-shaped lead screw motor is fixed on the base and connected with a printing platform through a lead screw nut, an optical axis guide rail is installed in parallel with the T-shaped lead screw motor, a secondary rotating motor is vertically and fixedly connected above the base and connected with a synchronous belt wheel through a synchronous belt, the synchronous belt wheel is connected with a secondary connecting rod through a bolt, and the secondary connecting rod is connected with a printing spray head; a central upright post is fixedly arranged at the center of a bottom plate of the base, and a primary rotating motor is arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the central upright post; the power output end of the first-stage rotating motor is connected with the first-stage connecting rod, and the motor drive of each pole is independent.

The upper part of the base is vertically and fixedly connected with a secondary rotating motor through a bolt, and the secondary rotating motor drives a secondary connecting rod to drive the printing nozzle.

The base is of a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped opening of the base is laterally arranged.

The T-shaped screw rod motor is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower part of the base.

The printing nozzle is detachably connected to the secondary connecting rod; the second-stage connecting rod is rotatably connected with the first-stage connecting rod through a bolt and a bearing.

The center of the printing nozzle is a throat pipe, heating blocks are embedded around the throat pipe, and heating rods are sleeved in the heating blocks.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system, which is characterized in that compared with the traditional 3D printing system:

1) based on the relationship between frequency and waveform response in Fourier transform, the geometric information of the high-dimensional curved surface is captured by utilizing the superposition of a finite number of sine wave signals with different frequencies, different amplitudes and different phases. The printing device can meet all requirements of the existing printer, and has advantages in printing with complex printing surface geometry and obvious curvature change;

2) the advantage that high-frequency information can be obtained by Fourier transform is used in a novel 3D printing system capable of realizing high-dimensional curved surface printing; when any high-dimensional curved surface is printed, the amplitude in Fourier transform is replaced by the length of a rod, the frequency determines the transformation speed of the curvature of the printed surface, the phase angle determines the initial position of a connecting rod, and when different high-dimensional curved surfaces are printed, the high-dimensional curved surfaces can be infinitely approximated by different transformation series instead of the high-dimensional curved surfaces approximated by linear interpolation in a small step tangent mode. Therefore, the Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system has the capability of obtaining high-quality and high-precision curved surfaces in a relatively short time;

3) the mechanical structure of the system adopts an open design, the structure is simple, the volume is small, the moving amount on the workbench is small, the noise is greatly reduced, and the service life is longer;

4) based on the design principle of the system, the curvature transformation is more obvious, the surface shape is more complex, but when the printing precision is higher, the system can completely adopt a similar mode, and adds transformation series (namely continuously adding connecting rods with different lengths and different motion frequencies) on the basis of the original mechanical structure until the high-precision printing requirement of the high-dimensional curved surface is met (attention is needed: each level of driving motor is mutually independent); therefore, the invention patent is a set of equipment with flexible structure and higher printing mode flexibility, and other similar printing modes belong to the scope of the invention patent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a Fourier transform-based 3D printing system for high-dimensional curved surfaces.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a nozzle in a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a primary rod and a secondary rod in a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fourier transform principle of the 3D printing forming motion.

Fig. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the first-order locus of the fourier series superposition principle.

Fig. 6(b) is a second-order trajectory superposition diagram of the fourier series superposition principle.

Fig. 6(c) is a schematic diagram of superposition of third-order traces by the fourier series superposition principle.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a motion trajectory of a first-order series of a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a motion trajectory of a two-level series of a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a multi-stage series motion trajectory of a Fourier transform-based high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing system.

In the figure: 1. the printing device comprises a printing platform, 2 optical axis guide rails, 3 central stand columns, 4 bases, 5 secondary rotating motors, 6 primary connecting rods, 7 primary rotating motors, 8 bolts, 9 synchronous belt wheels, 10 heating rods, 11 secondary connecting rods, 12T-shaped lead screw motors, 13 heating blocks, 14 printing nozzles, 15 throats, 16 synchronous belts, 17 bearings and 18T-shaped lead screw nut seats.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, high dimension curved surface 3D printer based on fourier transform, including base 4, be fixed with T type lead screw motor 12 on the base 4, T type lead screw motor 12 is connected with print platform 1 through T type lead screw nut seat 18, optical axis guide rail 2 and T type lead screw motor 12 parallel mount, the perpendicular fixedly connected with second grade rotating electrical machines 5 in base 4 top, second grade rotating electrical machines 5 passes through hold-in range 16 and links to each other with synchronous pulley 9, synchronous pulley 9 installs at second grade connecting rod 11, second grade connecting rod 11 links to each other with printing shower nozzle 14.

The upper part of the base 4 is vertically and fixedly connected with a secondary rotating motor 5 through a bolt, the secondary rotating motor 5 drives a secondary connecting rod 11 to drive a printing spray head 14,

the base 4 is of a U-shaped structure, a U-shaped opening of the base 4 is laterally arranged, a central upright post 3 is fixedly arranged at the center of a bottom plate of the base 4, and a primary rotating motor 7 is arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the central upright post 3; the power output end of the primary rotating motor 7 is connected with the primary connecting rod 6, and the motor drive of each pole is independent;

a T-shaped screw rod motor 12 is vertically and fixedly connected below the base 4, the T-shaped screw rod motor 12 is connected with a T-shaped screw rod nut seat 18, the T-shaped screw rod nut seat 18 is fixedly connected with the printing platform 1 to drive the printing platform 1 to move up and down, and the optical axis guide rail 2 provides a guiding effect for the up and down movement of the printing platform 1;

as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the print head 14 is detachably connected to the secondary link 11; the secondary connecting rod 11 is rotationally connected with the primary connecting rod 6 through a bolt 8 and a bearing 17;

the center of the printing nozzle 14 is a throat 15, heating blocks 13 are embedded around the throat 15 (the circumferential direction of the printing nozzle 14), and heating rods 10 are sleeved in the heating blocks 13.

The secondary connecting rod 11 is rotationally connected with the primary connecting rod 6 through a bolt 8 and a bearing 17;

the primary connecting rod 6 and the secondary connecting rod 11 are provided with bearings 17 to form revolute pair connection, and the synchronous belt pulley 9 is connected with the primary connecting rod 6.

And meanwhile, the synchronous belt wheel is fixed by a bolt 8, so that the synchronous belt wheel 9 and the bearing 17 are prevented from falling off.

The second-stage rotating motor II 7 drives the second-stage connecting rod 11 to rotate through a bolt 8, a synchronous belt pulley 9 and a synchronous belt 16;

print shower nozzle 14 and can dismantle the connection on second grade connecting rod 11, second grade rotating electrical machines 5 passes through hold-in range 16 and links to each other with second grade connecting rod 11, and the epaxial synchronous pulley 9 of installation of second grade rotating electrical machines 5.

The driving motors are mutually independent; the rod length is used for representing the amplitude in the Fourier transform function, the motor motion speed is used for representing the frequency in the Fourier transform, and the phase determines the initial position of each pole connecting rod. Because any complex waveform can be obtained by superposing a limited number of sine wave signals with different frequencies, amplitudes and phases, the printing of high-dimensional curved surfaces in space can be realized by utilizing the invention, the printing efficiency and the printing precision are higher,

based on the relation between the frequency and the waveform response in Fourier transform, an arbitrarily selected high-dimensional curved surface is equivalent to a series of continuously measured signals, and the geometric information of the high-dimensional curved surface is captured by utilizing the superposition of a limited number of sine wave signals with different frequencies, different amplitudes and different phases. When the curvature of the curve is not changed, only a fixed rod length is needed to obtain the curve with a single curvature, as shown in fig. 5, however, when the curvature of the curve is changed (as shown in fig. 6(a) to (c)), comprehensive motions of different rod lengths and different frequencies are needed to describe the geometric information of the high-dimensional curved surface; wherein the rod length in the system represents the amplitude of the high-dimensional curved surface, and the different frequencies represent the degree of the curvature change. Therefore, the connecting rods with different lengths can be used for realizing the movement of the spray head in the radial direction, meanwhile, the circumferential movement of the spray head is realized by the circumferential swing of the connecting rods, the longitudinal displacement of the spray head is finally realized by the ball screw layer-by-layer printing, and the advantage that the Fourier transform can acquire high-frequency information is used for the novel 3D printing system capable of realizing high-dimensional curved surface printing.

The specific motion form is as follows: the synchronous belt is driven by the first-stage stepping motor, the printing nozzle is driven by the second-stage stepping motor to rotate, and high-dimensional curved surface 3D printing plane forming based on Fourier transform in a plane is achieved together; in addition, the T-shaped screw rod drives the working platform to move up and down along the optical axis guide rail of the Z axis, so that the printing movement of the 3D printing system in the longitudinal direction is realized.

Referring to fig. 7, the secondary connecting rod is kept static relative to the primary connecting rod, and the primary connecting rod rotates to realize the printing of the slicing arc track;

referring to fig. 8, while the primary connecting rod rotates, the secondary connecting rod keeps rotating relative to the primary connecting rod to realize the printing of the slice track of the curved surface with changed curvature;

referring to fig. 9, on the basis of the first-level connecting rod and the second-level connecting rod, a third-level connecting rod is added to mutually keep a certain relative rotation, so that the slice track printing of the complex curved surface is realized.

The specific working process is as follows: the optical axis guide rail 2 is fixedly connected with the base 4, the T-shaped lead screw motor 12 provides power drive for up-and-down movement, and reciprocating linear movement of the printing platform on the optical axis guide rail 2 is guaranteed, so that printing movement on the Z axis is realized; the base 4 is fixedly connected with a secondary rotating motor 7 and is connected with a secondary connecting rod 11 through a synchronous belt 16 to ensure the rotating motion of the second stage; the primary rotating motor 5 is fixedly connected with the central upright post 3, is connected with the primary connecting rod 6 and drives the primary rotating motor to do primary rotating motion; the printing nozzle 14 is fixedly connected with the two-stage connecting rod 11, so that the shape printing movement in a plane is realized by combining the rotary movement of different levels through Fourier series transformation, and the linear movement of a Z axis is added to realize the final part entity printing.