阅读说明：本技术 干燥根茎类药材润制过程中软化程度判断方法 (Method for judging softening degree in moistening process of dry rhizome medicinal materials ) 是由 徐冰 张燕玲 乔延江 连传运 王秀海 秦玉霞 侯金才 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及中药材加工技术领域,具体公开一种干燥根茎类药材润制过程中软化程度判断方法,其是在所述药材上设置穿刺点,采用针刺式压力传感器对所述药材进行穿刺,若穿刺力达到预设值,则判定所述药材的润制过程达到软化终点。相对于现有技术的纯感官评价,本发明的判断结果更为客观和可靠,不同人员操作均能得到统一的结果,用于药材的批量软化和切制加工,可大大提高切制饮片的质量,降低成品的不合格率。(The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material processing, and particularly discloses a softening degree judgment method in a moistening process of a dry rhizome type medicinal material. Compared with the pure sensory evaluation in the prior art, the method has the advantages that the judgment result is more objective and reliable, the unified result can be obtained by different personnel through operation, the method is used for batch softening and cutting of the medicinal materials, the quality of the cut medicinal slices can be greatly improved, and the reject ratio of finished products is reduced.)

1. The softening degree judging method in the moistening process of the dry rhizome medicinal material is characterized in that puncture points are arranged on the medicinal material, a needle-punching type pressure sensor is adopted to puncture the medicinal material, and if the puncture force reaches a preset value, the softening end point in the moistening process of the medicinal material is judged.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the needle-punch pressure sensor is a texture analyzer having a needle-type probe.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the dried rhizome-like material is ginseng.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the amount of water added in the moistening process is 70-110% of the mass of the medicinal material.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the puncture points are provided at least one in each of the front, middle and rear portions in the longitudinal direction of the medicinal material, and the average value of the puncture force of each puncture point reaches the predetermined value, and it is determined that the moistening process of the medicinal material reaches the softening end point.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined value is 8-10N.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the puncturing speed is 20 to 40 mm/min.

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the penetration depth is 50-70% of the diameter of the medicinal material at the corresponding penetration site.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, in particular to a method for judging softening degree in a moistening process of dry rhizome medicinal materials.

Background

To facilitate cutting of herbal pieces, it is often necessary to soften the cleaned herbs to change the texture of the dried herbs from hard to soft. For dry rhizome type medicinal materials with hard texture, a method of moistening with water is often adopted for softening. The proper moistening can reduce the loss of effective components and ensure the neat, flat and complete cut decoction pieces, so the theory of 'seven-part moistening and three-part cutting' is adopted. The time for moistening should be considered comprehensively in consideration of the volume, texture and season of the medicinal materials, and the principles of "moderate hardness", "thorough penetration of the medicinal materials" and "avoiding water damage" should be adhered to. The indexes all depend on the sensory evaluation of pharmaceutical industry in practical application, and have large subjectivity and individual difference.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the softening degree of medicinal materials cannot be objectively judged in the prior art, the invention provides a method for judging the softening degree in the moistening process of dry rhizome medicinal materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a softening degree judgment method in a moistening process of dry rhizome medicinal materials is characterized in that puncture points are arranged on the medicinal materials, a needle-punching type pressure sensor is adopted to puncture the medicinal materials, and if the puncture force reaches a preset value, the softening end point in the moistening process of the medicinal materials is judged.

According to the invention, the medicinal materials are punctured by adopting the needle-punching type pressure sensor, the softening degree of the medicinal materials is judged according to the magnitude of the puncturing force, compared with the pure sensory evaluation in the prior art, the judgment result of the invention is more objective and reliable, and uniform results can be obtained by different personnel operations.

As an alternative of the invention, the needle-punched pressure sensor is a texture analyzer with a needle-type probe. The texture analyzer is a professional instrument for food physical analysis, has various probe forms, and can be used for the judging method of the invention by selecting a needle type probe.

As an alternative of the invention, the dry rhizome medicinal material is ginseng. Ginseng radix is dried root and rhizome of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey belonging to Araliaceae, and processed by Chinese pharmacopoeia to be moistened, sliced, and dried. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking raw medicinal materials, removing the reed heads, cleaning, moistening for 24-48 hours until the internal and external humidity is consistent, slicing and drying according to the regulation of Peking City Chinese medicinal decoction piece processing specifications (2008 edition). The processing specifications of ginseng recorded in pharmacopoeia include sun-dried ginseng and red ginseng, but the processing technology is not unified, the parameters are not clear, the processing specifications of sugared ginseng, active ginseng, strong ginseng, black ginseng and the like are included in the pharmacopoeia, the current ginseng processing research mainly focuses on processing ginseng with different processing specifications and different auxiliary materials of ginseng, and the research on the moistening and softening process of ginseng is lacked. The method of the invention can provide a judgment basis for moistening and softening the ginseng.

Preferably, when the ginseng is moistened, the water adding amount in the moistening process is 70-110% of the mass of the medicinal materials. The optimal water adding amount enables the medicinal materials to absorb water at the fastest speed, and avoids the phenomenon of water damage caused by the fact that a detection node crosses a softening end point.

Preferably, at least one puncture point is arranged at the front part, the middle part and the rear part of the length direction of the medicinal material, and the softening end point of the moistening process of the medicinal material is judged when the average value of the puncture force of each puncture point reaches the preset value. The front, middle and rear portions are referred to herein in the general sense of the ends and middle of the elongated article, and the specific scope is not required. The tissue density distribution of different medicinal materials is different, and the whole softening condition of the medicinal materials cannot be accurately reflected only by selecting a certain position for puncture experiments, so that the three different positions of the medicinal materials are respectively punctured, and the average value of the puncture force of each puncture point reaches a preset value, which is favorable for accurately judging the softening endpoint of the medicinal materials. Further preferably, 4 puncture points are respectively arranged at the front, middle and rear parts of the medicinal material in the length direction, the distance between the four puncture points is 0.5cm, the average value of the four puncture points is taken as the puncture force of the corresponding part, and the softening end point of the moistening process is determined when the average value of the puncture forces of the three parts reaches the preset value.

Specifically, the preset value of the puncture force is 8-10N when the ginseng is moistened. The puncture force refers to the average value of puncture resistance in the puncture process of the probe. When the puncture force is less than 8N, the medicinal materials are completely softened, but the effective components in the cells are possibly exuded to cause the phenomenon of water injury, when the puncture force is more than 10N, the medicinal materials are not completely softened, and when the puncture force is within the range of 8-10N, the ginseng with different specifications can reach the standard of completely permeating the medicinal water.

Preferably, the puncture speed is 20-40 mm/min.

Preferably, the puncture depth is 50-70% of the diameter of the medicinal material at the corresponding puncture point. The optimal puncture depth can accurately reflect the maximum hardness in the medicinal material, so that the measured puncture force value is more reliable, and the softening end point can be accurately judged.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below by taking ginseng as an example. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.