阅读说明：本技术 一种基于x波段双偏振天气雷达网的火情监测与决策系统和方法 (Fire monitoring and decision-making system and method based on X-band dual-polarization weather radar network ) 是由 严勇 李忱 张越 于 2019-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于X波段双偏振天气雷达网的火情监测与决策系统和方法,所述系统采用一部或多部X波段双偏振天气雷达,对用户关注区域进行高时空分辨率的火情监测,当监测到火情发生时,可转入追踪模式,开始做更高时间分辨率的跟踪观测；所有雷达监测到的火情信息通过通讯链路发送至信息中心,在信息中心综合平台上集中显示与预警,并实时评估火情的发展趋势,为及时发现和扑灭火情提供依据。本发明可以获取包括起火时间、起火地点、火情发展趋势、烟尘扩散影响、火情控制时间等信息的探测资料,为火情扑救指挥提供科学探测依据,也能通过反查分析历史资料,成为火情历史个例调查的数据支撑。(The invention discloses a fire monitoring and decision-making system and method based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network, wherein the system adopts one or more X-band dual-polarization weather radars to monitor fire with high spatial and temporal resolution in a user attention area, and when the fire is monitored, the system can switch into a tracking mode to start tracking observation with higher temporal resolution; fire information monitored by all the radars is sent to an information center through a communication link, centralized display and early warning are carried out on an information center comprehensive platform, the development trend of the fire is evaluated in real time, and a basis is provided for timely discovering and extinguishing the fire. The invention can obtain detection data including information such as the fire time, the fire place, the fire development trend, the smoke diffusion influence, the fire control time and the like, provides scientific detection basis for fire suppression commanding, and can also be used as data support for fire history individual case investigation by reversely checking and analyzing historical data.)

1. A fire monitoring and decision-making system based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network is characterized in that:

the system comprises one or more X-band dual-polarization weather radars, a fire automatic identification module, a data transmission link and an information center;

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar monitors the fire of a target area in real time, and the automatic fire recognition module distinguishes the echoes one by one through various echoes in the target area detected by the X-band dual-polarization weather radar based on the characteristics of the various echoes to realize automatic recognition and evaluation of the fire;

the fire information monitored by the X-band dual-polarization weather radar is sent to the information center through the data transmission link, centralized display and early warning are carried out in the information center, the development trend of the fire is evaluated in real time, and a basis is provided for timely discovering and extinguishing the fire.

2. The fire monitoring and decision making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the multiple X-waveband dual-polarization weather radars form a radar networking, and each radar adopts an equilateral triangle form when the radars are networked; the radar spacing is comparable to the radar detection range.

3. The fire monitoring and decision making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar adopts a full-coherent pulse Doppler dual-polarization system and comprises an antenna, a feeder line, a transmitter, a receiver, a servo, a signal processing module and a data processing module;

the antenna is 2.4m long, the beam width is 1 degree, the gain is larger than or equal to 44dB, the feeder loss is smaller than or equal to 3dB, scanning is carried out at 0-360 degrees in azimuth, and the pitching coverage range is 0-30 degrees;

the transmitter adopts an all-solid-state system, the peak power is 200w, the pulse width is 1/40 mus, the transmitter receives in two paths, the dynamic range is more than or equal to 90dB, the noise coefficient is less than or equal to 3dB, and the sensitivity is less than or equal to-108 dBm;

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar has the advantages that the detection range is 60km, the distance resolution is 60m, and the output parameters comprise intensity, speed, spectrum width, differential reflectivity and correlation coefficient.

4. The fire monitoring and decision making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar comprises two working modes, namely a monitoring mode and a tracking mode, and after the system is started, the X-band dual-polarization weather radar works in the monitoring mode and is switched to the tracking mode when a fire is monitored;

the monitoring mode adopts a 6-layer sweeping mode, the elevation angle is adjusted according to the station height and the monitoring range of the radar, the rotating speed of the antenna is 12 degrees/second, the time resolution is 3 minutes and 60 degrees respectively, and the monitoring mode is used for monitoring whether a fire condition occurs in the coverage range of the radar;

the tracking mode adopts a sector scanning mode, the elevation angle is adjusted according to the height of a radar station and a monitoring range, and scanning is carried out in the range of 30 degrees respectively from left to right by taking a fire point as a center in the azimuth; the rotation speed of the antenna is 12 degrees/second, the time resolution comprises 1 minute and 2 minutes, and the time resolution respectively corresponds to a tracking mode of 60 degrees and a tracking mode of 120 degrees and is used for continuously tracking the fire after the monitoring mode finds the fire.

5. The fire monitoring and decision making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

if only one fire point exists in the monitoring range of the X-band dual-polarization weather radar, a 60-degree tracking mode is adopted, namely scanning is carried out in the range of 30 degrees respectively left and right by taking the fire point as the center in the azimuth; if a plurality of fire points exist in the X-band dual-polarization weather radar monitoring range, the monitoring ranges of the fire points are combined, when the combined range does not exceed 120 degrees in azimuth, a 120-degree tracking mode is selected for monitoring, and otherwise, the monitoring mode is continued to work.

6. The fire monitoring and decision making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the information center comprises a data receiving module, a data storage module, a comprehensive display module, a fire early warning module and a fire evaluation module;

the data receiving module is responsible for receiving the fire monitoring result uploaded by the radar and storing the fire monitoring result in the data storage module; the comprehensive display module displays the position of the fire by taking a geographic information system as a background, and performs auditory/visual early warning through the fire early warning module; and the fire condition evaluation module evaluates and decides the fire condition development situation according to the moving speed of the fire condition echo and the adjacent time echo area.

7. A fire monitoring and decision-making method based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: reading radar detection data, and obtaining a series of echo blocks according to the echo distribution of the low elevation angle data;

step 2: judging whether the area of the echo block is in a given interval, if so, judging the echo block to be a fire echo, and entering the step 3: otherwise, the procedure is ended if the fire is not the fire echo;

and step 3: calling data of adjacent times, analyzing whether the position of the fire echo block is stable or not, and if so, entering the step 4; otherwise, ending the program;

and 4, step 4: respectively calculating the average intensity, the average correlation coefficient and the echo top height of the fire echo block, if the average intensity is smaller than a set threshold value, the average correlation coefficient is smaller than the set threshold value, and the echo top height is lower than 5km, judging that the fire echo block is an initial fire; if the average intensity is larger than a set threshold value, searching for an initial fire, matching echo blocks, and determining whether the echo blocks are fire echoes in development or not according to whether the echo blocks are diffused along the wind direction or not after matching is finished;

and 5: and evaluating the development of the fire by utilizing the area of the adjacent secondary fire echo and the speed data obtained by radar detection, thereby providing a basis for decision making.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological radar detection, and particularly relates to a fire monitoring and decision-making system based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network.

Background

The fire disaster is a disaster which has strong burst and great destructiveness and is difficult to deal with and rescue. At present, the main technologies for fire monitoring include satellite monitoring, video monitoring, manual patrol, aviation patrol and the like, and in recent years, the rapid development of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology is also applied to fire monitoring.

However, the satellite monitoring only passes through the same area for dozens of times every day, the time interval is long, the resolution ratio is coarse, and the satellite monitoring is easily influenced by factors such as the terrain and the cloud layer thickness; although video monitoring can be carried out in real time without interruption, the monitoring range is limited, the video monitoring only can be carried out on key areas, the influence of visibility is large, and the later maintenance cost is high; a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed for manual patrol, and the effect is not ideal; the aviation patrol cost is high, and expensive infrastructure conditions are needed; unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring is generally used for the on-the-spot commander after the conflagration takes place.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a fire monitoring and decision-making system and method based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network, aiming at the defects of the prior art, so that the fire in the area concerned by the user is monitored and evaluated, and a basis is provided for timely discovering and extinguishing the fire.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a fire monitoring and decision-making system based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network comprises one or more X-band dual-polarization weather radars, a fire automatic identification module, a data transmission link and an information center;

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar monitors the fire of a target area in real time, and the automatic fire recognition module distinguishes the echoes one by one through various echoes in the target area detected by the X-band dual-polarization weather radar based on the characteristics of the various echoes to realize automatic recognition and evaluation of the fire;

the fire information monitored by the X-band dual-polarization weather radar is sent to the information center through the data transmission link, centralized display and early warning are carried out in the information center, the development trend of the fire is evaluated in real time, and a basis is provided for timely discovering and extinguishing the fire.

In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:

the multiple X-waveband dual-polarization weather radars form a radar networking, and when the radars are networked, each radar adopts an equilateral triangle form; the radar spacing is comparable to the radar detection range.

The X-band dual-polarization weather radar adopts a full-coherent pulse Doppler dual-polarization system and comprises an antenna, a feeder line, a transmitter, a receiver, a servo, a signal processing module and a data processing module;

the antenna is 2.4m long, the beam width is 1 degree, the gain is larger than or equal to 44dB, the feeder loss is smaller than or equal to 3dB, scanning is carried out at 0-360 degrees in azimuth, and the pitching coverage range is 0-30 degrees;

the transmitter adopts an all-solid-state system, the peak power is 200w, the pulse width is 1/40 mus, the transmitter receives in two paths, the dynamic range is more than or equal to 90dB, the noise coefficient is less than or equal to 3dB, and the sensitivity is less than or equal to-108 dBm;

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar has the advantages that the detection range is 60km, the distance resolution is 60m, and the output parameters comprise intensity, speed, spectrum width, differential reflectivity and correlation coefficient.

The X-band dual-polarization weather radar comprises a monitoring mode and a tracking mode, wherein after the system is started, the X-band dual-polarization weather radar works in the monitoring mode, and when a fire is monitored, the X-band dual-polarization weather radar is switched to the tracking mode;

the monitoring mode adopts a 6-layer sweeping mode, the elevation angle is adjusted according to the station height and the monitoring range of the radar, the rotating speed of the antenna is 12 degrees/second, the time resolution is 3 minutes and 60 degrees respectively, and the monitoring mode is used for monitoring whether a fire condition occurs in the coverage range of the radar;

the tracking mode adopts a sector scanning mode, the elevation angle is adjusted according to the height of a radar station and a monitoring range, and scanning is carried out in the range of 30 degrees respectively from left to right by taking a fire point as a center in the azimuth; the rotation speed of the antenna is 12 degrees/second, the time resolution comprises 1 minute and 2 minutes, and the time resolution respectively corresponds to a tracking mode of 60 degrees and a tracking mode of 120 degrees and is used for continuously tracking the fire after the monitoring mode finds the fire.

If only one fire point exists in the monitoring range, the X-band dual-polarization weather radar adopts a 60-degree tracking mode, namely scans the fire point in the azimuth and in the ranges of 30 degrees respectively from left to right; if a plurality of fire points exist in the X-band dual-polarization weather radar monitoring range, the monitoring ranges of the fire points are combined, when the combined range does not exceed 120 degrees in azimuth, a 120-degree tracking mode is selected for monitoring, and otherwise, the monitoring mode is continued to work.

The information center comprises a data receiving module, a data storage module, a comprehensive display module, a fire early warning module and a fire evaluation module;

the data receiving module is responsible for receiving the fire monitoring result uploaded by the radar and storing the fire monitoring result in the data storage module; the comprehensive display module displays the position of the fire by taking a geographic information system as a background, and performs auditory/visual early warning through the fire early warning module; and the fire condition evaluation module evaluates and decides the fire condition development situation according to the moving speed of the fire condition echo and the adjacent time echo area.

A fire monitoring and decision-making method based on an X-band dual-polarization weather radar network comprises the following steps:

step 1: reading radar detection data, and obtaining a series of echo blocks according to the echo distribution of the low elevation angle data;

step 2: judging whether the area of the echo block is in a given interval, if so, judging the echo block to be a fire echo, and entering the step 3: otherwise, the procedure is ended if the fire is not the fire echo;

and step 3: calling data of adjacent times, analyzing whether the position of the fire echo block is stable or not, and if so, entering the step 4; otherwise, ending the program;

and 4, step 4: respectively calculating the average intensity, the average correlation coefficient and the echo top height of the fire echo block, if the average intensity is smaller than a set threshold value, the average correlation coefficient is smaller than the set threshold value, and the echo top height is lower than 5km, judging that the fire echo block is an initial fire; if the average intensity is larger than a set threshold value, searching for an initial fire, matching echo blocks, and determining whether the echo blocks are fire echoes in development or not according to whether the echo blocks are diffused along the wind direction or not after matching is finished;

and 5: and evaluating the development of the fire by utilizing the area of the adjacent secondary fire echo and the speed data obtained by radar detection, thereby providing a basis for decision making.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts the X-band weather radar networking technology for measurement, can improve the time and space resolution of fire monitoring, is not influenced by factors such as terrain, visibility and the like, and has low later maintenance cost.

2. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design scheme, good expandability, high space-time resolution and the like.

3. The invention can be used for monitoring the fire, can obtain detection data comprising information such as the fire time, the fire place, the fire development trend, the smoke diffusion influence, the fire control time and the like, provides scientific detection basis for fire suppression and rescue command, and can also be used as data support for fire history individual case investigation by reversely checking and analyzing historical data.

4. Research shows that by utilizing data of a new generation weather radar service operation mode of national weather bureau network deployment, the hit rate (POD) of the monitored fire is 79%, the False Alarm Rate (FAR) is 4%, and the critical success Index (ICS) is 76%, so that a good effect is achieved. In the invention, aiming at the problems of the service operation radar in monitoring the fire, the scheme of X-band dual-polarization weather radar networking is provided, the detection height, the sensitivity, the space-time resolution and the like are effectively solved, and the actual effect of the method is superior to the research result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an X-band weather radar networking in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the automatic fire recognition algorithm of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the switching of the operation modes according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the fire monitoring and decision-making system based on the X-band dual-polarization weather radar network of the present invention includes one or more X-band dual-polarization weather radars (3 in the figure), a fire automatic identification module, a data transmission link, and an information center;

the X-band dual-polarization weather radar monitors the fire condition of a target area in real time, the automatic fire condition identification module detects various echoes such as rain, snow, hailstones, ground objects, bird groups, insects, fire conditions and the like in the target area through the X-band dual-polarization weather radar, and distinguishes the echoes one by one based on the characteristics of the echoes to realize automatic identification and evaluation of the fire condition;

the fire information monitored by the X-band dual-polarization weather radar is sent to the information center through the data transmission link, centralized display and early warning are carried out in the information center, the development trend of the fire is evaluated in real time, and a basis is provided for timely discovering and extinguishing the fire.