阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质热解生产生物汽柴油的装置以及方法 (A kind of biomass pyrolytic produces the device and method of biological petrol and diesel oil ) 是由 刘熠斌 陈小博 冯翔 杨朝合 于 2018-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种生物质热解制备汽、柴油的反应装置,包括生物质热解反应器、改质反应器和催化剂再生器,其中,生物质热解反应器置于催化剂再生器内部。生物质热解反应器置于催化剂再生器内,在反应过程利用自身生成的生物炭和改质过程生成的焦炭供热,充分利用了待生催化剂烧焦的热量,减少能耗。在生物质热解过程不需要热载体加入,减少其与反应产物的分离,以及反应器磨损。(A kind of biomass pyrolytic prepares the reaction unit of vapour, diesel oil, including biomass pyrolysis reactor, reforming reactor and catalyst regenerator, wherein biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in inside catalyst regenerator.Biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalyst regenerator, in the coke heat supply that reaction process is generated using the charcoal and upgrading processes that itself generate, is taken full advantage of the heat that reclaimable catalyst is burnt, is reduced energy consumption.Heat carrier is not needed in biomass pyrolysis process to be added, and reduces its separation and reactor wear with reaction product.)

1. a kind of method that biomass pyrolytic prepares vapour, diesel oil, comprising:

Biomass material enters biomass pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolytic reaction, wherein biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalysis Agent internal regenerator；

The pyrolysis oil obtained after biomass pyrolytic reaction, which enters in modification reaction unit, carries out catalytic cracking reaction, after catalytic cracking Oil gas it is post-treated after obtain gasoline, diesel product；

Reclaimable catalyst in reforming reactor enters coke burning regeneration in catalyst regenerator, the heat that catalyst regeneration process generates Amount supply biomass pyrolytic reaction；

Preferably, the fraction that oil gas is isolated in fractionating column includes: cracked gas, gasoline, diesel oil, recycle oil, and recycle oil is again Catalysis reaction is carried out in back to modification reaction unit.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the product after biomass pyrolytic reaction is after condensation process Pyrolysis oil and fixed gas are obtained, fixed gas enters in biomass pyrolysis reactor；

Preferably, condensation process uses air-cooled, water cooling or other condensing modes, 40~80 DEG C of final condensation temperature, and pressure is Normal pressure.

3. technique according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the coke burning occurred in catalyst regenerator Reaction, temperature are 600-720 DEG C.

4. technique according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the outlet temperature of biomass pyrolysis reactor is 500~650 DEG C, reaction pressure is 0.1~0.4MPa.

5. technique according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that reforming reactor outlet temperature is 450-550 ℃；

It is preferred that reaction time 1-3s, reaction pressure 0.1-0.4MPa.

6. a kind of biomass pyrolytic prepares the reaction unit of vapour, diesel oil, including biomass pyrolysis reactor, catalyst regenerator and Reforming reactor, wherein biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in inside catalyst regenerator.

7. reaction unit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that catalyst regenerator is the tank body of variable diameter, on tank body Partial diameter is greater than the diameter of tank body lower part point, and tank body top is divided into dilute phase section, and the lower part of tank body is divided into close phase section；

At least two groups of cyclone separators are equipped in dilute phase section, wherein first group of cyclone separator and biomass pyrolysis reactor Upper end connection.

8. reaction unit according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that in dilute phase section, second group of cyclone separator Arrival end is connected to dilute phase section, and outlet end communicates with the outside world.

9. reaction unit according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that biomass pyrolytic device is cylindrical shape straight tube, raw Material pyrolysis device is inserted into the inner through the bottom of catalyst regenerator.

10. reaction unit according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the caliber and catalyst of biomass pyrolytic device are again The caliber ratio 0.1:1-0.5:1 of the close phase section of raw device.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reaction units of biomass pyrolytic, specifically, be related to a kind of biomass pyrolytic prepare gasoline, The device and method of diesel oil.

Background technique

The energy is the important material base for ensureing progress of human society and the important support of national economic development, with people Class lives and produces closely bound up, and indispensable important impetus is played to social progress, economic development.With economy It rapidly develops, fossil energy is increasingly exhausted, and petroleum resources supply problem is prominent, while fossil fuel oil brings severe environment to ask Topic.In face of the status of energy crisis and environmental pollution, production of energy and consumption revolution are pushed, mode of promoting economic development is to green Low-carbon transition is not only China and carries out the inherently required of the strategy of sustainable development, and is the best of reply Global climate change Selection.Under the promotion of energy and environment synergistic effect, the development and utilization of renewable energy is increasingly subject to extensive concern.Biomass The energy is the renewable energy to gain great popularity, and abundance can be converted into conventional solid-state, liquid and fuel gas.Wherein, raw Material liq fuel (bio oil) is widely believed that most potential, is expected to become the important sources of the following alternative fuel for vehicle.

Biomass fast pyrogenation technology is to obtain the important channel of bio oil.It uses the high rate of heat addition (10²~10⁴K/s) With short residence time (0.2~3s) and moderate cracking temperature (500~650 DEG C), it is pyrolyzed the organic polymer in biomass, Available about 75% oil product yield.Since it is desired that higher reaction temperature, needs to consume a large amount of heat, therefore biomass The energy consumption cost of pyrolysis is higher, limits its process of industrialization.In addition, gained bio oil complicated composition, have rich oxygen content (35 ~60wt%), high viscosity (20~200mPas at 40 DEG C), high acid value (pH 2~4), the spies such as low heat value (14~19MJ/kg) Point, directly as substitution vehicle fuel existing defects, it is therefore desirable to carry out subsequent purification and can produce to meet automobile-used requirement Fuel oil.

It realizes that the heat of biomass pyrolysis process is self-supporting, while being modified by catalytic cracking and realizing mentioning for biomass pyrolysis oil Matter produces the fuel for meeting requirement, is the main object of the present invention.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of device of biomass pyrolytic, which can be anti-using modification well The heat that coke burns in the reclaimable catalyst regenerative process of device is answered, eliminates in biomass pyrolytic reaction and uses additional heat Source.

Above-mentioned purpose to realize the present invention, adopts the following technical scheme that

A kind of reaction unit of biomass pyrolytic, including biomass pyrolysis reactor, catalyst regenerator and modification are anti- Answer device, wherein biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in inside catalyst regenerator.

Catalytic regenerator is the tank body of variable diameter, and the diameter of part is greater than the diameter of tank body lower part point on tank body, that is, on tank body Part is dilute phase section, and the lower part of tank body is divided into close phase section.

At least two groups cyclone separator is equipped in dilute phase section, wherein one group of cyclone separator is reacted with biomass pyrolytic The upper end of device connects.

In this application, used in the catalyst can react for the fluid catalystic cracking of petrochemical industry Catalyst is also possible to aim at biomass pyrolysis oil and be catalyzed to split including the catalytic cracking catalyst containing molecular sieves such as Y, ZSM-5 Change and modifies developed microspheroidal metal oxide catalyst.

In this application, biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalyst regenerator, is generated in reaction process using itself Charcoal and the coke heat supply that generates of upgrading processes, take full advantage of the heat that reclaimable catalyst is burnt, reduce energy consumption.

Heat carrier is not needed in biomass pyrolysis process to be added, and reduces its separation and reactor mill with reaction product Damage.

Detailed description of the invention

A kind of embodiment for the reaction unit that Fig. 1 biomass pyrolytic is coupled with pyrolysis oil modification.

Specific embodiment

The reaction unit of the biomass pyrolytic of the application is described in further detail below.The protection of the application is not limited Range, protection scope are defined with claims.Certain disclosed details provide each disclosed embodiment complete Foliation solution.However, those skilled in the relevant art know, one or more of these concrete details are not used, and use other The situation of material etc. can also realize embodiment.

Unless the context otherwise requires, in specification and claims, the terms "include", "comprise" are interpreted as Meaning that is open, including, as " includes, but are not limited to ".

Mentioned " embodiment ", " embodiment ", " another embodiment " or " certain embodiment party in the description Case " etc. refers to that described feature, the structure or characteristic being specifically related to relevant to the embodiment is included at least one In embodiment.Therefore, " embodiment ", " embodiment ", " another embodiment " or " certain embodiments " must not Refer both to identical embodiment.And specific feature, structure or characteristic can be in one or more embodiments to appoint What mode combines.Each feature disclosed in specification any can provide replacing for identical, impartial or similar purpose Replace for property feature.Therefore except there is special instruction, revealed feature is only impartial or similar features general examples.

In this application, dilute phase section is the region at fluidized bed interface or more.In the partial solid grain density in height It rises and gradually decreases.

In this application, close phase section is fluidized bed interface region below, in region and main reflecting regional.

The further explanation of the application:

On the one hand, a kind of biomass pyrolytic prepares the reaction unit of vapour, diesel oil, including biomass pyrolysis reactor, catalysis Agent regenerator and reforming reactor, wherein biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in inside catalyst regenerator.

In this application, biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalyst regenerator, using transmitting in catalyst regenerator Heat carry out pyrolytic reaction.It is required that pyrolysis oil after pyrolytic reaction, which enters further modification in reforming reactor in turn, Product.In the reaction unit of the application, the heat of catalyst regenerator can use, eliminate prior art pyrolytic reaction institute The heat source needed, the addition of heat source increases the abrasion to equipment in the prior art, also functions to energy-saving effect.

The liquid biological oil obtained after condensing after biomass pyrolytic, is renewable resource, containing seldom sulphur, nitrogen, still Contain nearly all oxygenatedchemicals in bio oil, for example water, organic carboxyl acid, ketone, aldehyde and no complete macromolecular of cracking Deng.Similar with the component of petroleum, bio oil is also the mixture of the organic compound containing there are many, but oxygen content and water content are non- Chang Gao, it usually needs bio oil is modified by the methods of catalytic cracking or hydrotreating, hydrocarbon product is obtained and sloughs Oxygen element in bio oil.

In this application, the catalytic cracking reaction that reforming reactor occurs, modifies bio oil, bio oil is divided greatly Son becomes the process of the small molecules such as liquefied gas, gasoline, diesel oil.

The catalyst regenerator of the application includes all structures disclosed in the prior art.For example: catalytic regenerator is to become The tank body of diameter, the diameter of part is greater than the diameter of tank body lower part point on tank body, that is, tank body top is divided into dilute phase section, under tank body Part is close phase section.

At least two groups of cyclone separators are equipped in settling section, wherein one group of cyclone separator is reacted with biomass pyrolytic The upper end of device connects.The pyrolysis gas and charcoal that biomass pyrolytic reaction generates are after cyclone separator separates, biology Charcoal enters burning release heat in catalyst regenerator；The pyrolysis gas isolated is separated again into pyrolysis oil after condensing and does not coagulate Gas.

In some embodiments, biomass pyrolytic device is cylindrical shape straight tube, and biomass pyrolytic device is through catalyst regeneration The bottom of device inserts into the inner.

The caliber ratio 0.1:1-0.5:1 of the close phase section of the caliber and catalyst regenerator of biomass pyrolytic device.

In the close phase section (i.e. dense bed) of catalytic regenerator, pyrolysis reactor is directly embedded in catalyst, the efficiency of heat transfer Can be higher than dilute phase section, it is possible to reduce when biomass has just enter into pyrolysis reactor because be rapidly heated with severe thermal heat of desorption and cause Temperature drop, be conducive to control entire reaction and carried out under conditions of isothermal.

In some embodiments, in dilute phase section, the arrival end of one group of cyclone separator is connected to dilute phase section, outlet end It communicates with the outside world.

In some embodiments, by catalyst regeneration inclined tube and catalyst inclined tube to be generated, by catalyst regenerator with Catalyst cracker is connected.

The catalyst cracker of the application is all catalyst crackers of the prior art.

In some embodiments, the pyrolysis oil that biomass pyrolytic reaction generates enters further progress in modification riser Modification reaction.

Bio oil in this application is modified it by catalytic cracking process, is biology under the effect of the catalyst Oily macromolecular becomes the process of the small molecules such as liquefied gas, gasoline, diesel oil.In catalytic cracking process, bio oil lightweight is being realized Metaplasia steams, diesel oil while, the coke attachment of generation on a catalyst, can only be by burning recovery catalyst activity.Invention Biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalyst regenerator by people, is made full use of and is burnt a large amount of heat of generation to biomass pyrolytic Reaction provides heat, greatly reduces energy consumption.In the biomass pyrolytic reaction unit of the prior art, biomass pyrolytic reaction is logical Additional heat carrier is often needed to provide heat, for example Ceramic Balls heat carrier.These heat carriers are eliminated in this application, avoid heat Abrasion and subsequent separation process of the carrier to biomass pyrolytic device.Technique simplerization.

In this application, the biomass includes but is not limited to cellulose, lignin agriculture and forestry organic waste material.

On the other hand, a kind of method that biomass pyrolytic prepares vapour, diesel oil, comprising:

Biomass material enters biomass pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolytic reaction, and biomass pyrolysis reactor is placed in catalyst Internal regenerator；

The pyrolysis oil obtained after biomass pyrolytic reaction, which enters in modification reaction unit, carries out catalytic cracking reaction, and catalysis is split The products such as gasoline, diesel oil are obtained after oil gas after change is post-treated；

Reclaimable catalyst in reforming reactor enters combustive regeneration in catalyst regenerator, the heat of catalyst regeneration process Amount supply biomass pyrolytic reaction.

Product after biomass pyrolytic reaction obtains pyrolysis oil and fixed gas after condensation process, and fixed gas enters biology In matter pyrolysis reactor.The fluidized gas that fixed gas at this time is reacted as biomass pyrolytic.

The fraction that oil gas is isolated in fractionating column includes: cracked gas, gasoline, diesel oil, recycle oil and slurry oil etc..Recycle oil It can again return to and carry out catalysis reaction in reforming reactor.

In some embodiments, the regenerative response occurred in above-mentioned catalyst regenerator, temperature are 600-720 DEG C.

The high temperature regeneration agent and flue gas form biomass pyrolysis that catalyst regeneration reaction generates provide heat of reaction.

In some embodiments, the outlet temperature of biomass pyrolysis reactor is 500~650 DEG C, reaction pressure 0.1 ~0.4MPa.

In some embodiments, the time of biomass pyrolytic reaction is 0.5~30s.

In some embodiments, reforming reactor outlet temperature is 450-550 DEG C, reaction time 1-4s, reaction pressure Power is 0.1-0.4MPa.

In some embodiments, the catalyst of the application includes but is not limited to the catalytic cracking reaction of petrochemical industry The catalyst used.Including the catalytic cracking catalyst containing molecular sieves such as Y, ZSM-5, it is also possible to aim at biomass pyrolysis oil Catalytic cracking modifies developed microspheroidal metal oxide catalyst.

In some embodiments, through condensing, condensation process can use the pyrolysis gas that biomass pyrolysis product is isolated Air-cooled, water cooling or other condensing modes, 40~80 DEG C of final condensation temperature, normal pressure.

It is reacted by the biomass fast pyrogenation of the application, advantage includes:

(1) origin of heat of biomass pyrolysis process is not necessarily to heat carrier, reduces heat in the heat in catalyst regenerator Abrasion of the carrier to reactor, meanwhile, decrease the separation of reaction product and heat carrier.In addition, biomass pyrolysis process The coke combustion heat supplying that the charcoal and catalytic cracking upgrading processes of generation generate, takes full advantage of the heat that spent agent is burnt, Reduce energy consumption.

(2) technique provided by the present application realizes and once generates high-quality biological gasoline, diesel oil by biomass, while heat Solution reactor and catalyst cracker can flexibly change operating condition.

The following examples only further illustrate the present invention, but do not limit and protection scope of the present invention.