阅读说明：本技术 一种基于多频声发射信号的缆索断丝位置确定的方法 (A method of it is determined based on the cable circuit wire position of multifrequency acoustic emission signal ) 是由 王涛 周文茜 姚超 任贝宁 于 2019-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种基于多频声发射信号的缆索断丝位置确定的方法,属于无损检测技术领域。本发明实现方法为：将两个及以上的声发射传感器固定于缆索之上,同时获取各个传感器声发射信号的波形,每两个相邻传感器接收到的信号作为一组断丝声发射信号。对得到的各组断丝声发射信号进行时频分析,分别得到各组信号的时频图。使用门限法得到各组时频图中定位频率下对应信号分量到达两传感器的时刻t<Sub>1</Sub>和t<Sub>2</Sub>,将所有数据点和拟合直线之间的残差平方和最小时对应的频率作为定位频率。根据定位公式,计算出断丝点分别到每组传感器的距离差Δd,则断丝点到该组1号传感器的距离为(Δd+l)/2,l为该组传感器之间的距离。由此实现对缆索断丝位置的确定。(The method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal disclosed by the invention determines, belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing.Implementation method of the present invention are as follows: two or more acoustic emission sensors are fixed on cable, while obtaining the waveform of each sensor acoustic emission signal, the signal that every two adjacent sensors receive is as one group of fracture of wire acoustic emission signal.Time frequency analysis is carried out to obtained each group fracture of wire acoustic emission signal, respectively obtains the time-frequency figure of each group signal.Usage threshold method obtains corresponding to t at the time of signal component reaches two sensors in each group time-frequency figure under location frequency 1 And t 2 , corresponding frequency is as location frequency when using the residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum between all data points and fitting a straight line.According to ranging formula, the range difference Δ d that fracture of wire point arrives every group of sensor respectively is calculated, then it is the distance between this group of sensor that the distance of fracture of wire point to No. 1 sensor of group, which is (Δ d+l)/2, l,.It is achieved in the determination to cable circuit wire position.)

1. a kind of method that the cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal determines, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,

Step 1: two or more acoustic emission sensors are individually fixed on cable, when occurring fracture of wire in cable When acoustic emission phenomenon, while the waveform of acoustic emission signal received by each sensor is got, every two adjacent sensing Fracture of wire acoustic emission signal received by device is used as one group of fracture of wire acoustic emission signal；

Step 2: carrying out time frequency analysis to each group fracture of wire acoustic emission signal accessed by step 1, each group fracture of wire is respectively obtained The time-frequency figure of acoustic emission signal, for each of time-frequency figure data point, abscissa corresponds to the frequency of the point, ordinate pair At the time of should putting, the value of the point correspond to the frequency and when the size of the energy density of signal component inscribed；

Step 3: usage threshold method calculates in each group time-frequency figure that step 2 obtains, corresponding signal component is arrived under location frequency T at the time of up to two sensors₁And t₂, and find corresponding when the residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum between all data points and fitting a straight line Frequency is as location frequency；

Step 4: calculating fracture of wire point to the resolving range difference Δ d for arriving every group of sensor respectively, judgement is every according to ranging formula Size relation between group l and Δ d；If Δ d is less than l, illustrate that fracture of wire point is located between this group of sensor, then by the Δ of this group Fracture of wire point can be obtained to the distance of the sensor 1 in this group of sensor in d.

2. the method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal as described in claim 1 determines, feature Be: step 3 implementation method is,

Step 3.1: two acoustic emission sensors being fixed on cable, multiple position is manufactured between two sensors position Known fracture of wire acoustic emission signal, while the complete waveform of acoustic emission signal received by two sensors is got, and to letter Number time frequency analysis is carried out using the Time-Frequency Analysis Method in step 2, obtains corresponding time-frequency figure；

Step 3.2: every a line in time-frequency figure obtained in step 3.1 is normalized respectively；

Step 3.3: in the time-frequency figure of the corresponding two sensors of each fracture of wire acoustic emission signal after being normalized in step 3.2 Every a line records the value of row point column when being more than threshold value where the point for the first time respectively, i.e. work at the time of which correspond to At the time of reaching the sensor for the signal component of the row respective frequencies, the arrival time of two sensors is subtracted each other, is calculated every The corresponding reaching time-difference Δ t=t of the component of a fracture of wire acoustic emission signal at respective frequencies₁-t₂；

Step 3.4: using approximating method to the reaching time-difference Δ t and corresponding fracture of wire o'clock to two calculated in step 3.3 Relationship between the known distance difference of a sensor carries out linear fit, to each frequency, using reaching time-difference Δ t as data point Abscissa, range difference be data point ordinate, draw out the fitting a straight line of data point, find all data points and fitting a straight line Between residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum when corresponding frequency be location frequency.

3. the method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal as claimed in claim 1 or 2 determines, special Sign is: the implementation method of step 4 is,

Step 4.1: calculating range difference Δ d of the fracture of wire point to this group of sensor, the ranging formula using ranging formula are as follows:

Δ d=(t₁-t₂)v

Wherein:

Δ d is fracture of wire point to the distance between this group of sensor difference,

t₁Reached for the acoustic emission signal component under the location frequency that is obtained in step 3 the sensor 1 in this group of sensor when It carves,

t₂Reached for the acoustic emission signal component under the location frequency that is obtained in step 3 the sensor 2 in this group of sensor when It carves,

V is the spread speed of the acoustic emission signal component under location frequency, corresponding fitting a straight line under location frequency in step 3.4 Slope, the spread speed v of the acoustic emission signal component as under location frequency；

Step 4.2: defining l is the distance between this group of sensor, the size relation between every group of l and Δ d is judged, if Δ d Equal with l, then fracture of wire point is located at the ipsilateral of this group of sensor, if Δ d is less than l, fracture of wire point is located between this group of sensor；

Step 4.3: repeating step 4.1-4.2, traverse all groups of sensor, until finding fracture of wire point between sensor That group, then the distance of fracture of wire point to the sensor 1 in this group of sensor is (Δ d+l)/2, that is, is realized to cable circuit wire position Determination.

4. the method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal as claimed in claim 3 determines, feature Be: approximating method described in step 3.4 selects least square method；The fitting of all the points in scatter plot is solved using least square method Straight line expression formula is

In formula

To each width scatter plot, defining S is the residual sum of squares (RSS) schemed between upper all the points and fitting a straight line, then has

The corresponding frequency of the smallest scatter plot of residual sum of squares (RSS) S is chosen in all scatter plots as calculating frequency used in the time difference Rate.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of methods that the cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal determines, for determining oblique pull The position of fracture of wire point when fracture of wire occurs for cable bridge cable, belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing.

Background technique

Core load component of the cable as cable-stayed bridge, quality are directly linked to the safety of bridge, and the quality of cable It is mainly influenced by its inner wire breaking degree, during bridge operation, for cable for a long time by dynamic loads, environment is rotten Erosion, the effect of the factors such as stress corrosion and fatigue, these factors are possible to will lead to the steel wire in cable in use Fracture, therefore in order to ensure stayed-cable bridge security and reliability, it is effectively fixed to be carried out based on acoustic emission to cable fracture of wire Position.

Since acoustic emission signal has frequency dispersion effect in admittedly intracorporal communication process, i.e. the signal of different frequency propagates speed Degree is different, the spread speed of original signal can not unified representation, therefore cannot directly be counted by the reaching time-difference of original signal Position is calculated, in order to solve frequency dispersion effect, there are mainly two types of current sound emission damage positioning methods.When one is based on to reaching Between the thought that is fitted of difference, this method needs the damage signal of a large amount of different locations as sample, if signal source has occurred Variation, then positioning accuracy also will receive influence.One is based on the algorithm for being decomposed and being reconstructed to original signal, this method exists In the biggish situation of data volume, computation complexity can be very high.Therefore need to propose it is a kind of it is adaptable, positioning accuracy is high, And the algorithm of frequency dispersion effect can be overcome.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems, such as in the positioning of cable fracture of wire brought by frequency dispersion effect, the present invention discloses a kind of based on multitone hair Penetrate signal cable circuit wire position determine method mainly solving the technical problems that: based on multifrequency Analysis of Acoustic Emission Signal realize Determination to cable circuit wire position has adaptable, the high advantage of positioning accuracy.

The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.

The method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal disclosed by the invention determines, by two and with On acoustic emission sensor be fixed on cable, while obtaining the waveform of each sensor acoustic emission signal, every two is adjacent The signal that sensor receives is as one group of fracture of wire acoustic emission signal.Frequency division when being carried out to obtained each group fracture of wire acoustic emission signal Analysis, respectively obtains the time-frequency figure of each group signal.Usage threshold method obtains corresponding to signal component under location frequency in each group time-frequency figure T at the time of reaching two sensors₁And t₂, corresponding frequency when by residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum between all data points and fitting a straight line Rate is as location frequency.According to ranging formula, the range difference Δ d that fracture of wire point arrives every group of sensor respectively is calculated, then fracture of wire point It is the distance between this group of sensor that distance to No. 1 sensor of group, which is (Δ d+l)/2, l,.It is achieved in cable fracture of wire position The determination set.

The method that a kind of cable circuit wire position based on multifrequency acoustic emission signal disclosed by the invention determines, including walk as follows It is rapid:

Step 1: two or more acoustic emission sensors are individually fixed on cable, when occurring in cable When fracture of wire acoustic emission phenomenon, while the waveform of acoustic emission signal received by each sensor is got, it is every two adjacent Fracture of wire acoustic emission signal received by sensor is used as one group of fracture of wire acoustic emission signal.

Step 2: carrying out time frequency analysis to each group fracture of wire acoustic emission signal accessed by step 1, each group is respectively obtained The time-frequency figure of fracture of wire acoustic emission signal, for each of time-frequency figure data point, abscissa corresponds to the frequency of the point, indulges and sits At the time of marking this corresponding, the value of the point correspond to the frequency and when the size of the energy density of signal component inscribed.

Step 3: usage threshold method calculates in each group time-frequency figure that step 2 obtains, corresponding signal divides under location frequency T at the time of amount reaches two sensors₁And t₂, and when finding the residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum between all data points and fitting a straight line pair The frequency answered is as location frequency.

Step 3.1: two acoustic emission sensors being fixed on cable, are manufactured between two sensors position multiple Fracture of wire acoustic emission signal known to position, while the complete waveform of acoustic emission signal received by two sensors is got, and Time frequency analysis is carried out using the Time-Frequency Analysis Method in step 2 to signal, obtains corresponding time-frequency figure；

Step 3.2: every a line in time-frequency figure obtained in step 3.1 is normalized respectively；

Step 3.3: to the time-frequency figure of the corresponding two sensors of each fracture of wire acoustic emission signal after being normalized in step 3.2 In every a line, the value of row point column when being more than threshold value where the point for the first time are recorded respectively, at the time of which corresponds to At the time of signal component i.e. as the row respective frequencies reaches the sensor, the arrival time of two sensors is subtracted each other, is calculated The corresponding reaching time-difference Δ t=t of the component of each fracture of wire acoustic emission signal at respective frequencies out₁-t₂；

Step 3.4: using approximating method to the reaching time-difference Δ t and corresponding fracture of wire point calculated in step 3.3 Linear fit is carried out to the relationship between the known distance difference of two sensors, is number with reaching time-difference Δ t to each frequency The abscissa at strong point, range difference are data point ordinate, draw out the fitting a straight line of data point, find all data points and fitting Corresponding frequency is location frequency when residual sum of squares (RSS) minimum between straight line.

The preferred least square method of approximating method described in step 3.4.All the points in scatter plot are solved using least square method Fitting a straight line expression formula be

In formula

To each width scatter plot, defining S is the residual sum of squares (RSS) schemed between upper all the points and fitting a straight line, then has

The corresponding frequency of the smallest scatter plot of residual sum of squares (RSS) S is chosen in all scatter plots as calculating used in the time difference Frequency.

Step 4: calculating fracture of wire point according to ranging formula to the resolving range difference Δ d for arriving every group of sensor respectively, sentencing The size relation broken between every group of l and Δ d.If Δ d is less than l, illustrate that fracture of wire point is located between this group of sensor, then by this group Δ d can be obtained fracture of wire point to the sensor 1 in this group of sensor distance.

The concrete methods of realizing of step 4 is as follows:

Step 4.1: calculating range difference Δ d of the fracture of wire point to this group of sensor, the ranging formula using ranging formula Are as follows:

Δ d=(t₁-t₂)v

Wherein:

Δ d is fracture of wire point to the distance between this group of sensor difference,

t₁The sensor 1 in this group of sensor is reached for the acoustic emission signal component under the location frequency that obtains in step 3 At the time of,

t₂The sensor 2 in this group of sensor is reached for the acoustic emission signal component under the location frequency that obtains in step 3 At the time of,

V is the spread speed of the acoustic emission signal component under location frequency, corresponding fitting under location frequency in step 3.4 The slope of straight line, the spread speed v of the acoustic emission signal component as under location frequency.

Step 4.2: defining l is the distance between this group of sensor, judges the size relation between every group of l and Δ d, if Δ d and l is equal, then fracture of wire point is located at the ipsilateral of this group of sensor, if Δ d is less than l, fracture of wire point be located at this group of sensor it Between；

Step 4.3: repeat step 4.1-4.2, traverse all groups of sensor, until find fracture of wire point be located at sensor it Between that group, then the distance of fracture of wire point to the sensor 1 in this group of sensor be (Δ d+l)/2, that is, realize to cable fracture of wire The determination of position.

Further include step 5: correlation engineering is solved based on the cable circuit wire position for the multifrequency acoustic emission signal that step 4 determines Technical problem.

The utility model has the advantages that

1, a kind of side transmitted signals to based on multitone up to the cable circuit wire position determination of time difference disclosed by the invention Method, usage threshold method calculate the corresponding reaching time-difference of signal component in the time-frequency image of signal under each frequency, can Effectively solve the frequency dispersion effect in solid in acoustic emission signal communication process.

2, a kind of side transmitted signals to based on multitone up to the cable circuit wire position determination of time difference disclosed by the invention Method determines during reaching time-difference that sound emission is believed under most suitable frequency and the frequency using least square linear fit method Number spread speed, adaptable, positioning accuracy is high.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is that a kind of multitone disclosed by the invention transmits signals to the method determined up to the cable circuit wire position of time difference Overview flow chart；

Fig. 2 is the flow chart that threshold method calculates that corresponding signal component under location frequency reaches the two sensors moment.

Specific embodiment

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.