阅读说明：本技术 具有紧凑构型的电机定子 (Motor stator with compact configuration ) 是由 B·D·钱伯林 K·尼特 于 2018-03-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种定子组件(50),包括：定子芯(52),定子芯限定外径(OD)和内径(ID),纵向延伸的槽(58)形成在内径和外径之间。定子芯还限定从定子芯(52)的第一端(53)纵向地延伸到第二端(55)的芯高度。分布式绕组(60)由定子芯(52)保持,并且包括位于定子芯(52)的槽中的槽内部分(66)、邻近定子芯的第一端的第一端匝部分(62)以及邻近定子芯的第二端的第二端匝部分(64)。第一端匝部分(62)限定从定子芯的第一端(53)延伸到第一端匝部分(62)的顶点(78)的第一端匝高度(h<Sub>1</Sub>)。第一端匝高度(h<Sub>1</Sub>)与定子芯的外径(OD)之比小于或等于0.07。(A kind of stator module (50), comprising: stator core (52), stator core limits outer diameter (OD) and internal diameter (ID), the slot longitudinally extended (58) are formed between internal diameter and outer diameter.Stator core further defines the core height that second end (55) is extended longitudinally into from the first end (53) of stator core (52).Distributed winding (60) is kept by stator core (52), and the second end turn sections (64) of the second end of the first end turn sections (62) and adjacent stator core of the slot inner part (66), the first end of adjacent stator core in the slot including being located at stator core (52).First end turn sections (62) limit the first end turn height (h that the vertex (78) of the first end turn sections (62) is extended to from the first end (53) of stator core 1 ).First end turn height (h 1 ) with the ratio between the outer diameter (OD) of stator core it is less than or equal to 0.07.)

1. a kind of stator module (50), comprising:

Stator core (52), the stator core limit outer diameter (OD) and internal diameter, the slot longitudinally extended (58) be formed in the internal diameter and Between the outer diameter, the stator core further defines from the first end (53) of stator core (52) and extends longitudinally into second end (55) Core height；And

The distributed winding (60) kept by the stator core, the distribution winding includes in the slot of the stator core The second of slot inner part (66), the first end turn sections (62) of the first end of the neighbouring stator core and the neighbouring stator core Second end turn sections (64) at end, wherein the first end turn sections restriction is extended to from the first end (53) of the stator core The first end turn height (h on the vertex (78) of first end turn sections (62)₁), and the first end turn height (h₁) and institute The ratio between outer diameter (OD) of stator core is stated less than or equal to 0.07.

2. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second end turn sections (64) limit from described fixed The second end of sub- core extends to the second end turn height (h on the vertex of second end turn sections₂), and second end turn is high Spend (h₂) it is substantially equal to the first end turn height (h₁)。

3. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distribution winding (60) is distributed staggeredly fixed Sub- winding.

4. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distribution winding (60) is polyphase windings.

5. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distribution winding (60) and the stator core (52) slot (58) is configured to be associated with use with the motor for including at least 20 poles.

6. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the outer diameter (OD) between 180mm and 300mm, And the first end turn height (h₁) between 12.5mm and 21mm.

7. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first end turn height (h₁) and the stator core (52) the ratio between outer diameter (OD) is less than or equal to 0.06.

8. a kind of motor (10), comprising:

Rotor (20)；

Stator module (50), the stator module (50) have outer diameter (OD) and internal diameter (ID), and the rotor (20) is located at described Within the internal diameter of stator module, the stator module (50) includes stator core (52), and the stator core (52) limits the outer diameter (OD) and the internal diameter (ID), the stator module (50) further include distributed winding (60), and the distribution winding (60) has Two end turn sections (62,64) for having slot inner part (66) and being arranged in the opposite end of the stator module, wherein described The ratio between the height of at least one of two end turn sections (62,64) and the outer diameter (OD) of the stator module are less than or equal to 0.07；

First clutch (30), the first clutch (30) are positioned at least partially in the rotor (20)；And

Second clutch (40), the second clutch (40) neighbouring the rotor (20) position；

Wherein, the stator module (50), the rotor (20), the first clutch (30) and the second clutch (40) All it is maintained in common shell (12).

9. motor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the outer diameter (OD) of the stator module is less than or equal to 270mm, and the height of at least one of described two end turn sections (62,64) is less than or equal to 17mm.

10. motor according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the outer diameter (OD) of the stator module is less than or equal to 220mm, and the height of at least one of described two end turn sections (62,64) is less than or equal to 15mm.

11. motor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the outer diameter (OD) of the stator module is greater than or equal to 270mm, and the height of at least one of described two end turn sections (62,64) is less than 13.5mm.

12. motor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that one height in described two end turn sections (62,64) The ratio between degree and the outer diameter (OD) of the stator core are less than or equal to 0.05.

13. a kind of vehicle (80), comprising:

Engine (82), the engine (82) have output shaft (83)；

Speed changer (84), the speed changer (84) are connected to the engine (82) and make in the speed changer and the engine Between limit space, the space at least partly by by the engine (82) and the speed changer (84) separate it is axial away from From (d_a) limit；

The engine disconnect-type clutch in the space between the speed changer (84) and the engine (82) (30), the engine disconnect-type clutch (30) is connected to the output shaft (83) of the engine (82)；

It is connected at least one vehicle traction component (88) of the speed changer (84)；And

The motor (10) in the space between the speed changer (84) and the engine (82), the motor (10) Including rotor (20) and stator module (50), the stator module (50) include stator core (52) and distributed winding (60), with And it is connected to the engine disconnect-type clutch (30) of the rotor (20).

14. vehicle according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the engine disconnect-type clutch (30) is at least partly Ground is located in the rotor (20), and the vehicle further includes rising between the motor (10) and the speed changer (84) Dynamic clutch (40).

15. vehicle according to claim 14, the stator core (52) includes the outer diameter (OD) for limiting the stator module With the stator lasmination of internal diameter (ID), the rotor (20) is located within the internal diameter (ID) of the stator module (50), and described point Cloth winding (60) includes slot inner part (66) and two end turn sections being arranged in the opposite end of the stator module (62,64), and the outer diameter of the height of at least one of described two end turn sections (62,64) and the stator core (52) The ratio between (OD) it is less than or equal to 0.07.

16. stator module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that number of poles is between 20 to 24.

17. stator module according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the biography between the engine and the motor Dynamic ratio is 1:1.

18. stator module according to claim 17, which is characterized in that stator mutually includes a plurality of parallel conducting wire.

19. stator module according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the every phase of stator has 2 slots per great.

20. stator module according to claim 19, which is characterized in that the stator has 144 slots.

Technical field

This application involves motor fields, the more particularly, to motor with distributed stator winding of vehicle.

Background technique

Motor in automobile and other vehicle applications and other application includes alternating current generator, alternating current generator-starting Device, traction motor, hybrid power drive motor.The stator of motor generally includes cylindrical core, which is formed as Each lamination stacks and has the multiple slots being circumferentially spaced, these slots extend axially through stator core.Rotor assembly packet Central axis is included, and coaxial with stator core.Stator core has the conducting wire with winding configuration winding on it, and the axis of winding prolongs Extend through several in the core slot.End turn is formed in the winding of two axial end portions of stator core, give around Group has end ring due to extending circumferentially over upon different slots.In this general fashion, stator winding is in multiple stator core slots In selected several in pass through it is axially extending and circumferential between the slots according to selected wiring pattern Ground extends.

Stator could be formed with any amount of independent phase winding, such as three-phase, five phases, six equal, and this has been determined The general wiring pattern to be realized when winding stator core.Stator winding can be provided with configuration in different shapes, including Centralized stator winding and distributed stator winding.Centralized stator winding provides the pole clearly limited on stator, stator Each slot limits monopole.Centralized winding is usually formed by slender conductor, and the slender conductor is multiple around the tooth winding of stator, Wherein the pole N and the pole S are limited by the winding direction in each slot.Centralized winding is advantageous, this is because it provides low end Circle height, to allow motor that there is reduced size.In addition, by making winding adapt to required amount of umber of turn and line Centralized winding easily can be configured to specific torque-rate curve profile by diameter.However, centralized winding tends to Acoustic noise with lower slot filling and higher level.

Different from centralized winding, distributed winding is formed and being arranged conductor in several slots to form monopole. As a result, distributed winding provides more broadly expansion and the winding of " distribution " on entire stator, wherein various winding phases It is folded in different slots.Distributed winding usually has end turn height more higher than centralized winding, this is because conductor must It must be across many slots at end turn.However, having and being better than although distributed winding has usual biggish end turn height Several advantages of centralized winding, including desired performance characteristics and lower acoustic noise.

Manufacturer can use distributed and centralized winding based on the specific application of motor.For example, if space considers very Important, then manufacturer can tend to using centralized winding.But if acoustic noise is an important consideration factor, Manufacturer can tend to using distributed winding.

In view of foregoing teachings, the motor with reduced end turn height is provided to save the space in specific application environment It will be advantageous.It also will be to have if this motor may include distributed winding to improve performance and reduce acoustic noise Benefit.

Summary of the invention

According to the disclosure exemplary embodiment, a kind of stator module is provided comprising stator core, stator core tool There is the distributed winding kept by the stator core.Stator core limits outer diameter and inner diameter, and the slot formation longitudinally extended is in internal diameter and outside Between diameter.Stator core further defines the core height that second end is extended lengthwise into from the first end of stator core.Distributed winding includes position The of first end turn sections of the first end of slot inner part, adjacent stator core in the slot of stator core and adjacent stator core Second end turn sections at two ends.First end turn sections limit the vertex that first end turn sections are extended to from the first end of stator core First end turn height.The ratio between outer diameter of first end turn height and stator core is less than or equal to 0.07.

According to the another exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a kind of motor is provided comprising rotor and stator module.Stator Component includes outer diameter and inner diameter.Rotor is positioned at least partially within the internal diameter of stator module.Stator module includes outside limiting The stator core and distributed winding of diameter and internal diameter, the distribution winding have slot inner part and the phase of stator module are arranged in Two end turn sections on anti-both ends.The ratio between one height and the outer diameter of stator module in two end turn sections are less than or wait In 0.07.First clutch is positioned at least partially in rotor.The positioning of second clutch adjacent rotor.Stator module, rotor, First clutch and second clutch are all maintained in common shell.

According to the another exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, provide a kind of vehicle comprising with output shaft engine, Speed changer, engine disconnect-type clutch and motor.Speed changer is connected to engine and to limit between speed changer and engine Determine space, which is at least partly limited by the axial distance for separating engine and speed changer.Engine separate type clutch Device is located in the space between speed changer and engine, and engine disconnect-type clutch is connected to the output shaft of engine.Extremely A few vehicle traction component is connected to speed changer.Motor is located in the space between speed changer and engine, and motor includes Rotor and stator module, the stator module include stator core and distributed winding, and engine disconnect-type clutch is at least partly It is located in rotor.

By reference to features as discussed above, features described above and advantage and other feature and advantage are for this field Those of ordinary skill will become apparent.While it is desirable to provide a kind of one provided in these or other favorable characteristics Or multiple compact(ing) machines, but introduction disclosed herein expands to those of to fall within the scope of the appended claims and implement Example, regardless of whether realizing one or more above-mentioned advantages.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 shows the perspective sectional view of the motor with stator module, which has compact configuration；

Fig. 2 shows the top views of the stator core of the stator module of Fig. 2；

Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of the stator module of Fig. 1, separates with motor；

Fig. 4 shows the side view of four conductors of the distributed winding of the stator module of Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 shows the side view of the stator module of Fig. 3；

Fig. 6 shows the top view of the stator module of Fig. 3；

Fig. 7 shows the vehicle that the motor of Fig. 1 is located therein；

Fig. 8 A shows the side view of two end turns of the stator module of Fig. 3；

Fig. 8 B shows the enlarged view of one a part in the end turn of Fig. 8 a；

Fig. 8 C shows end turn height (H_T) with the curve graph of conducting wire/conductor width (W)；

Fig. 8 D shows the cross-sectional view of the conductor of a pole of the stator module for Fig. 3 in the slot of core；And

Fig. 8 E shows the efficiency of the first motor with 24 poles and the second motor with 28 poles and the curve graph of RPM.

Specific embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, motor 10 is shown.The motor 10 includes shell 12, which surrounds rotor 20 and stator module 50.Engine disconnect-type clutch 30 is located in the inside of rotor 20.Stator module 50 includes core 52, and distributed winding 60 is arranged On core 52.Distributed winding 60 has the lower end turn height of outer diameter relative to stator core, is configured to fill to provide Fit over the low profile stator in tight space (such as compact vehicle space).

The rotor 20 of motor 10 includes rotor case 22, which includes the outer surface for limiting the outer diameter of rotor 20 And limit the inner surface of the internal diameter of rotor 20.Rotor 20 further includes multiple permanent magnets in rotor case 22.But In an alternate embodiment of the invention, motor can not be permanent magnet motor, and the machinery that can be other types, such as induction machine, Synchronous magnetic resistance motor etc..

Engine disconnect-type clutch 30 is positioned at least partially within the internal diameter of rotor 20.Engine separate type clutch Device 30 is configured to connect or disconnect in motor 10 and engine (for example, with reference to internal combustion engine 82 as shown in Figure 7).Fig. 1's In embodiment, engine disconnect-type clutch is fully located within the internal diameter of rotor 20.Engine disconnect-type clutch 30 can be with The form that any one of takes various forms provides, such as various types of friction clutches or any various other clutches Device.In at least one embodiment, engine disconnect-type clutch 30 includes multiple plates 32, and the multiple plate 32 includes being locked to First group of plate of rotor 20 and second group of plate for being locked to hub 34.When clutch opening make plate 32 be detached from when, hub 34 relative to turn Son 20 is freely rotated；When clutch closure engages plate 32, hub 34 is locked to be rotated together with rotor 20.

In at least one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, starting clutch 40 is also encapsulated in the shell 12 of motor 10, Adjacent rotor 20.Starting clutch 40 is configured to motor 10 and speed changer (for example, with reference to the speed changer 84 as shown in 7 figures) It connects or disconnects.In the embodiment in figure 1, starting clutch 40 is a clutch in double clutch device.Using it is double from Clutch device, provides two clutches, and each clutch property of can choose engage speed changer or be detached from from speed changer, with Just change the The gear deceleration (that is, gear shift) in speed changer.Each clutch property of can choose open or close (that is, be detached from or Engagement).When the engine runs, two clutches can be opened, to allow motor to generate electric power without pushing vehicle.Class It is similar to separation clutch 20, starting clutch 40 can also take various forms offer.In the embodiment in figure 1, in double clutch Each clutch be provided as friction clutch.

Clutch control module 36 is arranged on the outside of shell 12 of motor.Clutch control module 36 includes control hair Motivation disconnect-type clutch 30 and starting clutch 40 are the electronic device opened or be closed at any given time.Clutch Control module 36 can also provide the electronic device for being configured to control speed changer, as being further described below.

It continues to refer to figure 1, the rotor 20 of motor 10 is configured to rotate in stator module 50.Stator module 50 includes core 52, distributed winding 60 is arranged on core 52.Core 52 is generally cylindrical and including multiple lamination.Lamination is usually annular , and be made of ferromagnetic material.The mode that lamination is stacked on another with one forms complete core 52.As shown in Fig. 2, Stator includes inner surface 54 and outer surface 56.Multiple slots 58 are formed between inner surface 54 and outer surface 56, on inner surface 54 It is provided with the opening for leading to slot 58.Slot 58 is separated by tooth 59, and extends longitudinally through stator core 52 to opposite one from one end End.Slot is configured to receive stator winding 60.In the embodiment of fig. 2, core 52 includes a slot in 144 (144), quilt It is configured to provide 16 poles (represented by by the digital 1-16 in Fig. 2 to motor when stator winding 60 is wound on it ), each pole extends across nine slots of stator core.

Conductor in slot of the stator winding 60 of motor 10 by plugging stator core 52 is formed.Fig. 3 shows stator module 50, stator winding 60 is located on the stator core.Stator winding 60 includes the first end turn sections 62, the second end turn sections 64 and slot Inner part 66.First end turn sections 62 extend from one end of stator core 52 53, and the second end turn sections are from the opposite end of stator core 52 55 extend.The slot inner part 66 of stator core 60 extends through the slot 58 in stator core to opposite end 55 from one end 53.

Stator winding 60 is distributed stator winding, any one formation in various conductor arrangements can be used.Example Such as, at least one embodiment, distributed stator winding is formed to cascade winding.Winding is cascaded usually from for each The slender conductor section of phase, the bending of slender conductor section then radially plug in the slot of stator core.The example of cascade winding is It is shown in the U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2015/0054374 submitted on August 23rd, 2013, the U.S. Patent Application Publication Content is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.When winding cascade, at least three continuous conductor parts of each conductor segment are located at same In one layer, each layer is limited by the conductor sequence in the radial direction in stator core.Conductor part in cascade winding arrangement Example shown by the end turn sections of Fig. 4.

As shown in figure 4, four conductors for providing the end turn sections 62 of winding arrangement extend from one end of stator core 52 53.Institute Stating four conductors includes most inner conductor 70, the first middle conductor 72, the second middle conductor 74 and outermost conductor 76.Shown in Fig. 4 Each conductor include the first slot inner part, end turn sections and the second slot inner part, all arrangement within the same layer.For example, Outermost conductor 76 includes the first slot inner part 76a in the 4th layer of a slot, the end turn sections in the 4th layer of end turn 76b and the second slot inner part 76c in the 4th layer of another slot.First slot inner part 76a is located at the of stator core 52 In one slot.End turn sections 76b is located at the outside of stator core 52, and including vertex 78.Second slot inner part 76c is located at stator core In 52 the second slots different from first slot.Other conductors of Fig. 4 are similarly arranged, the second middle conductor 74 is arranged in In third layer, the first middle conductor 72 is arranged in the second layer, and most inner conductor 70 is arranged in first layer.Therefore, for Given conductor (for example, 76), at least the first slot part (for example, 76a), neighbouring end turn sections (for example, 76b) and next A neighbouring slot part (for example, 76c) is entirely located in same layer.During manufacturing this cascade winding arrangement, each conductor It can be sequentially arranged in the slot of stator core 52.Therefore, the conductor in cascade winding arrangement is not staggered.Conductor can be with It is formed by continuous conductors, the continuous conductors extend one or more complete circles around the circumference of stator core 52.

In at least one alternative embodiment, winding is formed by multiple relatively short conductor segments, and the conductor segment is formed For U-shaped conductor, each U-shaped conductor includes two legs connected by end turn sections.The leg of U-shaped conductor longitudinally plugs In slot, end turn is left in one end of stator core, subsequent leg is connected in the opposite end of stator core.It is formed with U-shaped conductor segment Winding can be located at slot different layers in each leg of U-shaped conductor interlock (and not cascading) (for example, U-shaped conductor First leg can be in the first conductor in slot, and the second leg of U-shaped conductor can be the second conductor in different slots).This The example of kind conductor is to submit on June 11st, 2007 and in the United States Patent (USP) No.7,622,843 of authorization on November 24th, 2009 In show, the content of the United States Patent (USP) is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

As described above, stator winding 60 is the distributed winding in embodiment described herein.It should be appreciated, however, that such as this Field technical staff will be recognized that winding can be provided in any amount of various configuration, while also provide with desired property The motor of energy characteristic.For example, stator winding can be provided in the winding pattern of split-phase type, non-split-phase type or lap wound.If stator Winding is configured to provide polyphase windings arrangement, then stator winding can provide three-phase, five phases, six phases or any other number It is expected that phase.Stator winding is arranged in the pole that the predetermined quantity limited by rotor is supplemented on core, and the pole of the predetermined quantity is for example For ten sextupoles (as surrounded shown in the digital 1-16 that stator positions in Fig. 2), 20 poles or 20 quadrupoles.

In embodiment disclosed herein, it is noted that the standard end turn pitch of stator winding 60 is greater than 7.For example, scheming In 4 embodiment, end turn pitch is 9.It should be appreciated, however, that in various embodiments, different end turn pitches can be used, This depends on required winding and arranges.Depending on the number of the slot of motor, pole and phase, coil is also possible to whole coil or short Pitch coil.Under any circumstance, when the standard end turn pitch of stator winding relatively high (that is, be greater than 7), end turn height with The ratio between outer diameter of stator core is generally significantly greater than 0.07.However, it is as will be described in further detail below, disclosed herein various In embodiment, the ratio between outer diameter of end turn height and stator core is less than or equal to 0.07, so that more compact stator module is obtained, End turn height is relatively low.

In addition to that mentioned above, the conductor of winding 60 is configured to provide such coil windings, and the coil windings have High slot fill factor (for example, > 63%) and the conducting wire being essentially parallel from one to another using wherein at least two side is (for example, rectangle Conducting wire).The conductor of winding 60 may include the coating being arranged on conductor or other insulators, such as enamel type coating, film The combination of coated insulator or enamel and film package insulator.

In at least one embodiment, stator winding is configured for nominal voltage level (example between 24V and 120V Such as 24V, 48V) motor.In another embodiment, stator winding can be configured for having different nominal voltages Motor, such as nominal voltage is between 120V and 360V or between 360V and 700V.

Referring now to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, stator module 50 is shown, there is the distributed winding being located on stator core 52 60.Stator core 52 is by core height H_C, internal diameter ID and outer diameter OD limit.Core height H_CBy the first end 53 and second end of stator core 52 The distance between 55 limit.Internal diameter ID is limited by the diameter of a circle that the inner surface 54 along stator core 52 limits.Outer diameter OD is by edge Stator core 52 outer surface 56 limit diameter of a circle limit (ignore can along the outer surface 56 of stator core be arranged protrusion With the various abnormity in recess).

Distributed winding 60 is by height and H_CIdentical slot inner part 66 (being not shown in Figure 5) has height h₂End turn Part 64 and have height h_LLead portion 68 limit.Height h₂It is the lower end from one end of stator core 52 55 to winding 60 The distance on the vertex of the conductor of circle part 64.The height h of lead portion 68_LIt is from the other end 53 of stator core 52 to from upper end turn The distance of the end for the lead that part 62 extends.Upper end turn part is also by height h₁It limits, height h₁It is from the end of stator core 52 The distance on the vertex of the conductor of the 53 to the first end turn sections 62.In various embodiments, height h₁It can be with height h₂It is identical or not Together.It will be recognized that since conductor is in the small abnormity of the height of apex, height h₁And h₂Can by from the end of stator core 53 or Average value, intermediate value or the mode of the distance on the vertex of each conductor on 55 to end turn sections 62 or 64 limit.

With continued reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, at least one embodiment, the outer diameter OD of core is 270mm, core height H_CFor 60mm, Height h₁And h₂For 17.6mm, the height h of lead portion_LFor 39mm.The end turn height h of winding₁Or h₂The ratio between with the outer diameter OD of core For 17.6/270=.065 (it is less than the ratio 0.07).It should be understood, however, that many other implementations of stator module Example has different sizes to be used for stator core and winding.For example, at least one embodiment, the OD of stator core is less than or equal to 180mm (that is, OD≤180), and minimum end turn height is less than or equal to 12.5mm (for example, h₁≤ 12.5), h₁The ratio of/OD About 0.07 or lower (for example, 12.4/179=0.069).As another example, at least one embodiment, stator core OD be less than or equal to 220mm (that is, OD≤220), and minimum end turn height is less than or equal to 15.0mm (for example, h₁≤ 15.0), h₁The ratio of/OD is about 0.07 or lower (for example, 14.9/219=0.068).As another example, at least one In a embodiment, the OD of stator core is less than or equal to 270mm (that is, OD≤270), and minimum end turn height is less than or equal to 16.0mm is (for example, h₁≤ 16.0), h₁The ratio of/OD is about 0.06 or lower (for example, 15.9/269=0.059).As again One example, at least one embodiment, the OD of stator core are greater than 270mm (that is, OD < 270), and minimum end turn height is less than Or it is equal to 13.5mm (for example, h₁≤ 13.5), h₁The ratio of/OD is about 0.05 or smaller (for example, 13.4/271=0.049).

Stator module 50 including having the stator core 52 for being provided with distributed winding 60 is designed to have specific Size, the specific dimensions advantageously provide the compact(ing) machine with expected performance characteristics.Specifically, disclosed herein In embodiment, there is the motor of distributed winding to be designed and be sized to it is compact so that the shorter end circle height h of winding₁ Or h₂It is less than or equal to 0.07,0.06 or even 0.05 with the ratio between the outer diameter OD of core.Distributed winding has these sizes Stator module 50 provides desired performance characteristic, including reduced acoustic noise and with the relatively high of low AC current loss Number of poles.This arrangement is particularly useful for being especially the implementation of hybrid electric vehicle application.

Referring now to Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 E, it to be used for end turn height H_TThe equation of (that is, the height of end turn in the axial direction) can Mathematically to define (using trigonometric function):

1) θ=arcsin ((C+W)/a)

2)H_T=L+H1+H3+H2+W

That is, H_T=L+ [Cos (θ) * R1]+[1-Cos (θ) * R2]+[Tan (θ) * ((a*P/2)-X1-X2)]+W

Wherein:

3) (as shown in Figure 8 A and 8 B, R1 is the upper curve/vertex interior half for limiting end turn to X1=R1-Sin (θ) * R1 Diameter, X1 are the circumferential distances by limiting the leap of upper curve/vertex inside radius)

4) (as shown in Figure 8 A and 8 B, R2 is the lower curve for limiting the end turn near stator core to X2=Sin (θ) * R2 Inside radius, X2 be by limit lower curve inside radius cross over circumferential distance)

5) a=PI*D/ slot number (as shown in Figure 8 A and 8 B, D is the depth of each end turn conductor in radial directions)

6) slot number=every mutually every pole number of poles * number of phases * slot number

7) width (as shown in Figure 8 A and 8 B) of each end turn conductor of W=

8) gap (as shown in Figure 8 A) in C=end turn between end turn conductor

9) distance of L=straight legs is (that is, lower curve from the surface (such as first end 53) of stator core to end turn Distance)

10)H₁The axial height of the inside radius of the lower curve of the end turn of the closer stator core of=restriction

11)H₂The axial height of upper curve/vertex inside radius of=restriction end turn

12)H₃=H₁And H₂Between end turn section axial height

For given design, it is inserted into the chart that different W values generates Fig. 8 C.Fig. 8 C shows line width W to end turn height Tool has a significant impact.But reduce line width W and will increase stator phase resistance (ohm), this is because resistance and length/area at than Example, wherein the area of rectangular conductor is equal to line width W multiplied by line depth D.The increase of resistance is that can not connect for given design of electrical motor It receives, this is because it causes performance bad and motor overheating.It has been determined that the permission of increase number of poles will not in stator phase resistance Reduce line width W in the case where acceptably increasing.Due to the fact that 1) to 3), the increased motor of number of poles allows width W to subtract Small, reason 1) to 3) as described in following paragraphs:

1) due to the open-circuit voltage (sometimes referred to as counter electromotive force or " BEMF ") of motor and pole under any given speed Number is proportional multiplied by stator electricity the number of turns, therefore the motor with increased number of poles causes stator to have reduced stator wire turn Amount.

2) since the number of turns is proportional to the resistance-square of conducting wire, reducing stator the number of turns leads to lower phase resistance (Europe Nurse).For example, the number of turns doubles to make conductor length since conductor resistance is proportional divided by wire sectional area to conductor length It doubles, and halves wire sectional area (in given slot size).

3) there is lower phase resistance, line width W can be increased so that phase resistance ohm reaches normal value, it is electronic without influencing Machine performance makes motor overheating.

Increase number of poles has negative effect really.The negative effect is two kinds of losses: stator lasmination eddy-current loss and being become Skin effect copper loss, they are proportional to number of poles.With the increase of number of poles, both losses increase, and then greatly influence electronic The efficiency of machine.Having determined sustainable vortex, there are the upper limits with skin effect copper loss, to maintain hybrid power engine electronic Machine reaches admissible efficiency before threshold performance level and overheat.Firstly, motor must be designed with a variety of parallel conducting wires, So that conducting wire depth d very little.Lesser line depth d can reduce skin effect loss.Preferably, the quantity of parallel conducting wire be three kinds or Four, but can be used more kinds of.Fig. 8 D is the partial view of stator, and the every phase of the stator has 2 slots and 4 parallel connections per great Conducting wire.Illustrate only the conducting wire of a phase of a pole.Have 8 conducting wires in each slot, it is each extremely in there are 16 conducting wires (only to show One pole).The slot number of every mutually every pole is equal to the number of lead wires in extremely divided by the number of lead wires in slot.Therefore, in this case, every phase The slot number of every pole is 16/8=2.There are also 4 parallel conducting wires: conducting wire A, conducting wire B, conducting wire C and conducting wire D.According to definition, due to every Bar conducting wire show extremely in there are 4 slot sections, therefore every conducting wire has 4 circles.It has been determined that red line is close for engine 7000RPM, and motor has the gear ratio (therefore motor maximum speed is also 7000RPM) of 1:1, in permissible total losses Reach the upper limit on motor with 24 pole.Fig. 8 E show 24 poles and 28 pole motors under specified torque efficiency (that is, 50NM in the curve graph of Fig. 8 E).Maximum speed is that the efficiency of 28 pole motors of 7000RPM is lower than acceptable efficiency line, This causes motor unacceptably to be cooled down by engine-cooling system and leads to motor overheating.Therefore, end turn height is most It is short and there is sustainable loss 1:1 gear drive hybrid power traction motor (maximum (top) speed be 7000 revs/min) to be Motor with the pole 20-24.

Finally, being desired to have the conductor size of about 2mm wide (W) and 1.5mm depth (D) to keep conducting wire easily fabricated. In order to realize the W of 2mm, mutually every conducting wire must extremely be assigned to multiple slots every.Stator stack of every phase per the great stator for having 2 slots The quantity of slot in piece is 2 times of the number of phases and number of poles.For example, for every phase per the great stator for having 2 slots, 3 phases and 24 poles There to be 144 slots (that is, 2 × 3 × 24=144).Note that the slot number for increasing every mutually every pole reduces line width W really, but by Increase in winding pitch, can not necessarily reduce end turn height.

Referring now to Figure 7, at least one embodiment, motor 10 is located in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) 80. HEV 80 includes engine 82, motor 10, speed changer 84, one or more differential mechanisms 86 and the vehicle traction structure in wheel form Part 88.Motor 10 is between engine 82 and speed changer 84.As described above, motor 10 includes stator module 50, stator module Rotor is provided in 50.Multiple clutches are kept by the shell 12 of motor 10, and the multiple clutch includes engine separate type Clutch 30 and starting clutch 40.Engine 82 is coupled with motor 10 or by engine by engine disconnect-type clutch 30 82 couple with the disconnection of motor 10, and speed changer 84 is coupled with motor 10 or by speed changer 84 by starting clutch 40 by speed changer 84 Couple with the disconnection of motor 10.

Engine 82 in embodiment disclosed herein is the engine that can be used in association with vehicle, such as internal combustion Engine.It should be appreciated that engine 82 is provided by optional power source, such as fuel at least one alternative embodiment Battery.Engine 82 is configured to using any one in various fuels sources, such as gasoline, diesel oil, bio-fuel etc..Start Machine includes output shaft 83, and the output shaft 83 is connected to speed changer 84 via clutch 30 and 40 associated with motor 10.

Speed changer 84 can be any one in various types of speed changers, such as automatically step speed changer, stepless change Fast device or auto-manual speed changer.Speed changer is connected to driving wheel 88 in a conventional manner, and the traditional approach may include one Or multiple differential mechanisms 86, as shown in Figure 7.Speed changer can provide two driving wheels (for example, front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive to vehicle It is dynamic) or four driving wheels (for example, four-wheel drive).Speed changer is controlled using transmission control unit, according to shift schedule It is operated, the shift schedule is connected and disconnected from the element in the gearbox of speed changer to control speed changer output and speed changer Ratio between input.In at least one embodiment, transmission control unit is provided by control module 36, and is also constructed At in the shell 12 of the operation of control engine disconnect-type clutch 30 and starting clutch 40 and speed changer 84 or motor Various other components.

There are relatively small spaces between engine 82 and speed changer 84 in vehicle 80.The space can usually pass through Axial dimension and two radial dimensions limit.Axial dimension tends to especially limit, this is because engine and speed changer it Between relatively small distance is provided.For example, the axial distance between engine and speed changer is (for example, such as Fig. 7 institute in many HEV The d shown_a) it is less than or equal to 500mm, and typically less than or equal to 150mm.In these HEV, including rotor 20 and stator pack The motor 10 of part 50 and the compact configuration of the engine disconnect-type clutch 30 and starting clutch 40 that accommodate jointly allow motor 10 entire shell 12 is assemblied between engine 82 and speed changer 84.The compact configuration of motor is partly due to motor 10 Distributed winding, wherein the shorter end circle height h of winding₁Or h₂With the ratio between the outer diameter OD of core be less than or equal to 0.07,0.06 or Even 0.05.

In operation, the engine disconnect-type clutch 30 and starting that there is the motor 10 of distributed winding and accommodate jointly Clutch 40 allows various operation modes.For example, if starting clutch 40 is opened and engine disconnect-type clutch is closed, Then motor 10 can be used in a start-up mode to play engine of motor vehicles 82.After engine 82 has been lighted a fire, it can make Use motor 10 in either a generation as generator.If needing the torque auxiliary to wheel 88, motor during vehicle operation It can be placed in electric model, wherein starting clutch 40 is closed, so that power is passed to its of speed changer 84 and power train Its component.Selectively, motor can be placed in only powering mode, and wherein engine disconnect-type clutch 30 is opened and started Clutch closure, therefore come to provide power to the wheel 88 of vehicle 80 using only motor.

The foregoing detailed description of one or more exemplary embodiments of motor stator with compact configuration is only led to herein The mode crossing example rather than limiting is presented.It will be recognized that can be the case where not combining other feature described herein and function The advantages of lower acquisition certain independent feature and function described herein.Further, it will be recognized that exemplary embodiment disclosed above Various replacements, modification, modification or improvement and other feature and function or its optinal plan can desirably be combined to many In various other embodiments, system or application.Those skilled in the art, which can then make, fail to predict or do not expect at present Substitution, modification, modification or the improvement arrived, these are also intended to be covered by appended claims.Therefore, any appended claims Spirit and scope should not necessarily be limited by the description of the exemplary embodiment for including herein.