阅读说明：本技术 用于液态食品定向钝酶与灭菌的一体化装置及其加工方法 (The integrated apparatus and its processing method of blunt enzyme and sterilizing are oriented for food liquid ) 是由 王玉川 王博 徐晶晶 刘波 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于液态食品定向钝酶与灭菌的一体化装置及其加工方法,属于农产品与食品加工与机械装备制造领域。本发明装置包括输送泵、输送管、低温容器、供液容器、制冷设备、电源、分配机构、冷凝器、光纤温度传感器、收液容器和控制柜。液态食品在高压直流电场作用下在毛细管出口处产生带有高电荷雾滴,高电荷雾滴杀灭液态食品中酶及微生物。根据液态食品中各种酶雾化液滴尺寸分布特性差异实现液态食品的定向钝酶。本发明不但具有精准钝酶、降低钝酶与灭菌温度,而且具有装备简单、易于操作及成本低等特点,从而实现液态食品钝酶预处理加工高效、清洁及高品质。(The integrated apparatus and its processing method that blunt enzyme and sterilizing are oriented for food liquid belong to agricultural product and food processing and mechanized equipment manufacturing field.Apparatus of the present invention include delivery pump, delivery pipe, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, fluidsupply container, refrigeration equipment, power supply, distributor gear, condenser, fibre optic temperature sensor, receive liquid container and control cabinet.Food liquid generates at capillary outlet under high voltage direct current field action and has high charge droplet, and high charge droplet kills liquid Enzymes In Food and microorganism.The blunt enzyme of orientation of food liquid is realized according to enzyme atomized drop size distribution character differences various in food liquid.The present invention not only has accurate blunt enzyme, reduces blunt enzyme and sterilising temp, and has the characteristics that equipment is simple, easily operated and at low cost, to realize the efficient blunt enzyme pretreatment processing of food liquid, cleaning and high-quality.)

1. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid, it is characterized in that: including delivery pump (1), delivery pipe (2), low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3), fluidsupply container (4), refrigeration equipment, power supply, distributor gear, condenser (15), fibre optic temperature sensor (16), liquid container (17) and control cabinet (20) are received；

It is equipped with fluidsupply container (4) in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3) and receives liquid container (17)；The delivery pump (1) is equipped with delivery pipe (2), the input end of delivery pipe (2) is connected to fluidsupply container (4)；The outlet end of delivery pipe (2) is connect with distributor gear, distributor gear It is connect with condenser (15), liquid container (17) are received in condenser (15) connection；In the fluidsupply container (4) and receipts liquid container (17) Equipped with fibre optic temperature sensor (16)；The distributor gear is powered by power supply；System is additionally provided on the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3) Cool equipment；

The delivery pump (1), refrigeration equipment, power supply, fibre optic temperature sensor (16) are connect with control cabinet (20).

2. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the system Cool equipment includes air-cooler (5) and refrigeration compressor (7)；Air-cooler (5) is connect with refrigeration compressor (7), refrigeration compressor (7) It is connected to control cabinet (20).

3. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the electricity Source includes high-voltage DC power supply (8), high voltage direct current source changeover switch (9), high voltage direct current pipeline (10) and high-field electrode Plate (14)；Electrode plate with high voltage (14) are equipped between the distributor gear and condenser (15), electrode plate with high voltage (14) passes through high pressure Direct current pipeline (10) is connect with high-voltage DC power supply (8)；High-voltage electricity is additionally provided on the high voltage direct current pipeline (10) Source changeover switch (9)；

The high-voltage DC power supply (8) is connected to control cabinet (20).

4. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described point Fitting mechanism includes distributor (11), distribution pipe (12) and capillary (13)；The delivery pipe (2) connect with distributor (11), point Orchestration (11) is connect with distribution pipe (12), and distribution pipe (12) is connect with capillary (13), and capillary (13) and condenser (15) are even It connects.

5. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: institute The material for stating distribution pipe (12) is silicon rubber, and caliber range is 0.10 ~ 1.0mm；Capillary (13) is metal material, inside diameter ranges For 0.10 ~ 1.0mm；The thickness of the electrode plate with high voltage (14) is less than 1mm, and material is copper.

6. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: institute The hole that different-diameter is provided on electrode plate with high voltage (14) is stated, diameter range is 0.1 ~ 1.0mm；Capillary (13) is fixed on high-voltage electricity In pole plate (14) hole, and by being welded and fixed；Distance is greater than 1cm to several 13 ﹚ of Gen Mao Xi Guan ﹙ between each other.

7. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the confession Liquid container (4) is provided with feed liquid (6) before blunt enzyme；It receives liquid container (17) and is provided with feed liquid (18) after blunt enzyme；

It further include bracket (19), bracket (19) is located at low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3) bottom, and fluidsupply container (4) and receipts liquid container (17) are put It is placed on bracket (19).

8. the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing is oriented for food liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control Cabinet (20) processed is PLC control cabinet；Control cabinet (20) controls start and stop and the control revolving speed of delivery pump (1)；Control refrigeration equipment opens Stop and control temperature；Control the start and stop of power supply, the switching of voltage and positive-negative power；It controls fibre optic temperature sensor (16) and carries out temperature Degree detection.

9. the processing method that food liquid orients blunt enzyme and sterilizing, it is characterized in that: fixed using one of claim 1-8 food liquid To the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) it pre-processes: fresh fruit of vegetables being taken to remove impurity, remove decayed fruit rotten leaf, cleaned；Using beater by the fruit after cleaning Vegetable mashing, obtains slurries；Clear juice is obtained by filtration in gained slurries under ice bath state；

(2) electron spray is handled: juice being packed into fluidsupply container (4), fluidsupply container (4) is placed in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3)； In the input end insertion juice of delivery pipe (2), and distributor (11) are delivered to through delivery pump (1)；

High-voltage DC power supply (8) positive supply is opened, high voltage direct current change-over switch (9) is switched to positive supply；Juice flows through capillary It manages (13), is atomized in capillary (13) exit, flowed into after condenser (15) condensation and receive liquid container (17)；Temperature of charge is by light Fine temperature sensor (16) is detected, and records temperature value every 10s during processing；

(3) it collects detection: collecting electron spray treated juice, measure specific aim quality index.

10. the processing method that food liquid orients blunt enzyme and sterilizing according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: leading in step (2) The temperature for crossing refrigeration equipment control low-temperature (low temperature) vessel (3) is -20 ~ -4 DEG C；Flow control in capillary (13) is in 0.2-0.4 ML/min, high voltage direct current piezoelectric voltage are 10 ~ 30kV.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of integrated apparatus and its processing method that blunt enzyme and sterilizing are oriented for food liquid, adapt to , accurate, high-quality blunt enzyme efficient in food liquid and sterilization pretreatment are processed, and agricultural product and food processing and mechanized equipment are belonged to Manufacturing field.

Background technique

Current agricultural product and food processing and mechanized equipment manufacture relative maturity.Food liquid, which has, is easily digested absorption, Health and the visual field chosen into consumer the advantages that nutritive value retention rate is high.Food liquid is adding by taking juice as an example What is be concerned extensively during work is blunt enzyme and disinfecting action unit.Industrial normative heat treatment is mainly by outside energy It is converted into thermal energy using convection current, conduction, radiation mode, for the degradation of microorganism in food and the passivation of enzyme.At the same time, hot Processing can bring the deterioration of food sense organ, qualitative attribute and physiologically active ingredient to a certain extent, be unable to satisfy consumer It is growing to healthy, fresh, high nutrition demand.Non-thermal technologies, such as impulse electric field, ultraviolet light, ultrasonic wave, high pressure, electricity It is spraying, enzymatic inactivation and microbial degradation can also be made when no external heat is intervened and becomes a kind of new substitution technology. Wherein, electrospray techniques and equipment are an important directions for promoting traditional blunt enzyme of juice and sterilizing processing industry.Electron spray Technology is solution to be pumped at needle tip, and so that liquid is formed jet stream by the application of high pressure.The electricity generated due to drop The competition of lotus and surface tension leads to droplet rupture, the micron or nano particle of different carried charges is finally obtained, to realize enzyme The molecular structure of the DNA or RNA of the destruction and microflora organisms cell of the second level, tertiary structure of molecule damage.In addition, fruits and vegetables Juice is wide in variety and includes a variety of enzymes, and advantageous or detrimental effect may be brought to juice quality.In addition, fresh fruit of vegetables The microorganism for including in juice also results in product deterioration.Sterilization treatment is carried out to microorganism, is passivated the enzyme unhelpful to quality, Retain the important selection that the active enzyme of beneficial physiological is garden stuff processing industry development.In recent years, international, domestic market is to fruits and vegetables The non-thermal pre-processing device of juice entertains strong interest.The present invention meets complicated and diversified fruits and vegetables by regulating and controlling the relevant parameter of electron spray Pretreatment, and the demand for orienting blunt enzyme and sterilizing can be realized for different fruits and vegetables.Juice pretreatment of the present invention can be passivated 90% or more product quality deterioration enzyme retains advantageous 50% or more enzyme, completely killing pathogenic bacteria, really realizes that juice orients blunt enzyme And sterilizing.

Chen Haiying, Liu Yankai, Lu Wenzhou, Yan Jingchao, Xie Penghui, Yu Gonggui, Hou Junxu (2018 years) disclose " a kind of super High-temperature instantaneous processing inhibits the fresh method for squeezing juice brown stain " patent of invention (201810400634.4).The patent uses superelevation Warm steam enzyme deactivation technology and the coupling of ultralow temperature falling temperature technique, can be improved vapor (steam) temperature, and cool down rapidly after destroy the enzyme treatment.In The inactivation of polyphenol oxidase can be fast implemented during this, and the loss of fruit vegetable nutrient quality and flavor substance is effectively reduced. The patent can be passivated a variety of enzymes that the high temperature that polyphenol oxidase, reduction enzymatic browning, but process use can be passivated juice, Without selectivity, it is not furthermore suitable for heat sensitive material or functional food yet.Present invention is different in that electron spray is processed For nonthermal process, it is not related to the rising of product temperature, it is applied widely.In addition, electrospray techniques can be by regulating and controlling parameter It realizes and orients blunt enzyme, can also guarantee the degradable of microorganism.

Zhao Wei, Tian Yixiong, Yang Ruijin, Yan Wenxu (2017) disclose a kind of " RF coupling high-pressure pulse electric processing Fruit and vegetable juice processing method " patent of invention (number of patent application 201710422609.1).The patent is by radio frequency and high-voltage pulse electric Field combines, and carries out radio frequency heating processing, laggard horizontal high voltage impulse electric field further blunt enzyme of then squeezing the juice to material global tissue. The patent is able to solve the problem of passivation of polyphenol oxidase, but is suitable only for the raw material of no heat-sensitive ingredients.Difference of the invention It is in processing front and back without the obvious temperature difference, and for the certain enzyme in different juice using at different electron spray parameters Reason is realized and orients blunt enzyme, and retains to greatest extent heat-sensitive ingredients；Using the sterilizing power of electron spray equipment, Realize the complete deactivation of microorganism.

The invention that Luo Wei (2018) discloses " a kind of technique based on the production juice of high-pressure pulse electric twice " is special Sharp (number of patent application 201810896515.2).In that patent, it is first handled using the high-pressure pulse electric of lower electric field strength (0.1-10 kV/cm) promotes bioactive substance to ooze out, then passes through higher field intensity for destroying plant cell structures High-pressure pulse electric processing (1-100 kV/cm) kill juice in microorganism.The patent can be improved biological active matter The leaching rate of matter improves nutrition content, but not can determine that the influence to enzyme activity in juice.Present invention is different in that electric While being sprayed at killing microorganism, it is also able to solve the problem of enzyme is passivated, and more by the regulation of operating parameter realization The orientation passivation of kind enzyme.

Liao Hongmei, Liu Yuanfa, Xia Bibang (2018) disclose a kind of " juice method for disinfection " patent of invention (patent Shen It number 201811420333.4) please.The patent is to obtain fruit and vegetable materials pretreatment, stripping and slicing, cold press, filtering and Fruit storage Finished product juice.The method for disinfection used in that patent is high-pressure homogeneous processing Coupling Thermal auxiliary ultrasonic processing, processing temperature Degree is at 25-58 DEG C.The patent has no enzyme passivation common in juice and grinds suitable for killing the microorganism juice Study carefully, not can determine that its passivation or inhibits the effect of enzyme in juice.Present invention be distinguished in that the temperature difference is not before and after the processing More than 2 DEG C, blunt enzyme and sterilizing not can be thus achieved by outside energy.In addition, can also be according to enzyme spy using electrospray techniques Property selection different disposal parameter realize and orient blunt enzyme, while solving the problems, such as the sterilization of juice.

Wang Yong, Wang Zhaoan (2017) disclose " fresh fruit sterilization and disinfection device " utility model patent (number of patent application 201720639363.9).In that patent, the ozone that no filament hot cathode ultraviolet lamp generates high concentration is mixed into, and with sky Gas rises, and sterilizes fresh fruit by conveyer belt, the ultraviolet light irradiation of cooperation top shot-light, so that fruits and vegetables thorough in sterilization. The patent is disinfected suitable for fruits and vegetables, is unable to satisfy the blunt enzyme demand of fruits and vegetables.The patent is sterilized suitable for fresh fruit, to juice Sterilization there may be certain limitations.Present invention be distinguished in that causing a disease for juice can be killed using electron spray Bacterium, while the passivation for the product poor quality enzyme being able to achieve in juice, reduce or eliminate the generation of enzymatic browning phenomenon.

Abdul Ghani Dars, Kai Hu,Qiudou Liu, Aqleem Abbas, Bijun Xie, Zhi da Sun. (Foods 2019,8 (8), 298) has studied hot assisting ultrasonic and super-pressure to the enzymatic activity and quality in mango juice Influence.The research is handled mango juice using hot assisting ultrasonic and super-pressure two ways, measurement peroxidase, more The activity change and quality index of phenol oxidase, pectinesterase, including total phenol content, vitamin C, total antioxidant activity Deng.The research reflects hot assisting ultrasonic processing can significantly reduce peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, pectinesterase at high temperature The activity of enzyme, but high temperature will affect the quality of mango juice, also have to its total phenol content, vitamin C, total antioxidant activity certain It reduces.In addition, super-pressure for (treatment conditions 400 MPa, 10 minutes) hotter assisting ultrasonic, it can be good at retaining anti-oxidant Performance, the effect for being passivated three kinds of enzymes is obvious, but three kinds of enzymes can be passivated simultaneously by super-pressure, and does not have selectivity.The present invention It can be passivated the enzyme for wherein influencing product quality deterioration using electrospray techniques, have certain reservation to advantageous enzyme, while effectively Kill microorganism.

Ji-Sook, Park., Jae-Won, Ha. (Food Microbiology 2019, 84, 103277) it probes into Ultrasonication combination fumaric acid can be used for combining the food-borne pathogens in inactivation cider.Be used alone ultrasonic wave and Fumaric acid being capable of partial devitalization Escherichia coli O 157: H7, salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, the two Coordinate synergistic effect in conjunction with having, can effectively inactivate pathogenic bacteria.Should have researches show that ultrasonication collaboration fumaric acid The ability for killing microorganism, causes microbial cell to damage, has no significant effect to product quality, but not can solve other in fruits and vegetables The orientation problem of passivation of enzyme.The present invention can satisfy the orientation of a variety of different enzymes by the different parameters of regulation electrospray techniques Passivation, and can effectively kill food-borne pathogens.

In short, the multiple groups of fruits and vegetables close electromagnetic field device and processing method, be not reported at home, it is external up to the present This respect paper and patent are not retrieved yet.The present invention will be a kind of innovation, be filled up to this domestic technological gap.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, according to food liquid in capillary under high voltage direct current field action Pipe exit is generated with various enzyme atomized drop size distribution character differences in high charge droplet and food liquid, is provided It is a kind of that high charge droplet is utilized to kill unhelpful enzyme and microorganism in food liquid, realize that food liquid orients blunt enzyme and what is sterilized adds Work method and integrated apparatus.

A kind of technical solution of the invention orients the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing, including conveying for food liquid Pump, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, fluidsupply container, refrigeration equipment, power supply, distributor gear, condenser, fibre optic temperature sensor, receives liquid at delivery pipe Container and control cabinet；

It is equipped with fluidsupply container in the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel and receives liquid container；The delivery pump is equipped with delivery pipe, the import of delivery pipe End connection fluidsupply container；The outlet end of delivery pipe is connect with distributor gear, and distributor gear is connect with condenser, and condenser connection is received Liquid container；Fibre optic temperature sensor is equipped in the fluidsupply container and receipts liquid container；The distributor gear is carried out by power supply Power supply；Refrigeration equipment is additionally provided on the low-temperature (low temperature) vessel；

The delivery pump, refrigeration equipment, power supply, fibre optic temperature sensor are connect with control cabinet.

The delivery pump is wriggling structure, and revolving speed continuously adjusts；The material of delivery pipe is silastic material, and input end passes through The maintenance door of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is passed through in fluidsupply container, and outlet end is connect with distributor.

The design of condenser is funnel type, and material is glass, is connect by the maintenance door of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel with liquid container is received.

Further, the refrigeration equipment includes air-cooler and refrigeration compressor；The low-temperature (low temperature) vessel uses thermal insulating material Material is kept the temperature, upper design maintenance door；Air-cooler is mounted on low-temperature (low temperature) vessel inner side, and connect with refrigeration compressor；System Cold compressor is connected to control cabinet.

Further, the power supply includes high-voltage DC power supply, high voltage direct current source changeover switch, high voltage direct current conveying Line and electrode plate with high voltage；Electrode plate with high voltage is equipped between the distributor gear and condenser, electrode plate with high voltage passes through high voltage direct current Electric pipeline is connect with high-voltage DC power supply；High voltage power supply change-over switch is additionally provided on the high voltage direct current pipeline；It is described High-voltage DC power supply is connected to control cabinet.

High-voltage DC power supply is designed as both positive and negative power supply, and positive supply output voltage range is greater than in 0 ~ 30 kV, power 30W；Negative supply high-voltage DC power supply output voltage range is greater than 30W in -30 ~ 0kV, power；High-voltage DC power supply passes through switching Switch, high voltage direct current pipeline are connected with electrode plate with high voltage.

Further, the distributor gear includes distributor, distribution pipe and capillary；The delivery pipe and distributor connect It connects, distributor is connect with distribution pipe, and distribution pipe is connect with capillary, and capillary is connect with condenser.

The material of the distribution pipe is silicon rubber, and caliber range is 0.10 ~ 1.0mm；Capillary is metal material, internal diameter model It encloses for 0.10 ~ 1.0mm；The electrode plate with high voltage is designed as collar plate shape, and thickness is less than 1mm, and material is copper.

The hole of different-diameter is provided on the electrode plate with high voltage, diameter range is 0.1 ~ 1.0mm；Capillary is fixed on high pressure In electrode plate hole, and by being welded and fixed；Distance is greater than 1cm to two capillaries between each other.

Further, the fluidsupply container is provided with feed liquid before blunt enzyme；It receives liquid container and is provided with feed liquid after blunt enzyme；Further include Bracket, bracket are located at low-temperature (low temperature) vessel bottom, and fluidsupply container and receipts liquid container are placed on bracket.

The fluidsupply container and receipts liquid container is designed as cylindrical structure, and material is glass or edible plastic；Fluidsupply container It is placed on bracket with liquid container is received, bracket is insulating materials.

The control cabinet is PLC control cabinet；Control cabinet controls the start and stop and revolving speed control of delivery pump；The refrigeration equipment system of control The start and stop of cold compressor and temperature control；Control the start and stop of power supply mesohigh DC power supply, the switching of voltage and positive-negative power；Control Fibre optic temperature sensor processed carries out temperature detection.

Another technical solution of the invention, the processing method that food liquid orients blunt enzyme and sterilizing are eaten using above-mentioned liquid Product orient the integrated apparatus of blunt enzyme and sterilizing, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) it pre-processes: fresh fruit of vegetables being taken to remove impurity, remove decayed fruit rotten leaf, cleaned；Using beater by the fruit after cleaning Vegetable mashing, obtains slurries；Clear juice is obtained by filtration in gained slurries under ice bath state；

(2) electron spray is handled: juice being packed into fluidsupply container, fluidsupply container is placed in low-temperature (low temperature) vessel；Delivery pipe Input end is inserted into juice, and is delivered to distributor through delivery pump；

High-voltage DC power supply positive supply is opened, high voltage direct current change-over switch is switched to positive supply；Juice flows through capillary, in hair The atomization of tubule exit, flows into after condenser condenses and receives liquid container；Temperature of charge is detected by fibre optic temperature sensor, and Temperature value is recorded every 10s during processing；

(3) it collects detection: collecting electron spray treated juice, measure specific aim quality index.

Controlling the temperature of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel in step (2) by refrigeration equipment is -20 ~ -4 DEG C；Flow control in capillary In 0.2-0.4 mL/min, high voltage direct current piezoelectric voltage is 10 ~ 30kV.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention can be improved blunt enzyme precision, reduce and lose beneficial to enzyme: since the various enzymes in the food liquids such as juice have The charge of different electricity to the flow velocity in electric field and is atomized with otherness, by various in the food liquids such as research juice Enzyme and electric field interaction property select suitable electric field and atomization parameter to retain beneficial to enzyme, inactivate to harmful enzyme, from And realize that the food liquids such as juice orient blunt enzyme, it reduces in blunt enzyme process and is lost beneficial to enzyme.

The present invention reduces environmental pollution, improves product safety: high voltage direct current electron spray has non-thermal sterilization characteristic, is orienting The food liquids such as juice are sterilized and sterilized while enzyme deactivation, realize product safety processing.

Energy-saving and emission-reduction of the present invention improve product quality: not only shortening blunt enzyme time, temperature using the blunt enzyme of high voltage direct current electron spray Low, saving water resource, reduction discharge of wastewater are spent, and can reduce thermal sensitivity nutritional ingredient in the food liquids such as juice and damage It loses, realizes the efficient blunt enzyme pretreatment processing of fruits and vegetables food liquid, cleaning and high-quality.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention circuit control schematic diagram.

Description of symbols: 1, delivery pump；2, delivery pipe；3, low-temperature (low temperature) vessel；4, fluidsupply container；5, air-cooler；6, blunt enzyme Preceding feed liquid；7, refrigeration compressor；8, high-voltage DC power supply；9, high voltage power supply change-over switch；10, high voltage direct current pipeline；11, Distributor；12, distribution pipe；13, capillary；14, electrode plate with high voltage；15, condenser；16, fibre optic temperature sensor；17, liquid is received Container；18, feed liquid after blunt enzyme；19, bracket；20, control cabinet.

Specific embodiment

A specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.