阅读说明：本技术 一种防火涂料 (A kind of fireproof coating ) 是由 薛永刚 赵艳丽 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种防火涂料,包含如下重量百分比的组分：水性树脂乳液40-70％、改性膨胀蛭石5-20％、涂料助剂和其他填料10-30％,和水10-30％；其中,改性膨胀蛭石由如下步骤制备而成：(1)对蛭石进行不完全膨胀煅烧：取蛭石原料进行除杂,并投入到回转炉中,加热膨胀,出料后得到不完全膨胀蛭石,其堆积密度为1000-1200kg/m<Sup>3</Sup>；(2)将不完全膨胀蛭石加入到溶剂中,充分搅拌并超声分散,得到蛭石悬浮液,将该悬浮液和成炭催化剂聚磷酸铵加入到密闭反应容器中,温度加热至120-180℃,高速搅拌并保温得到悬浮液；(3)在常温下,向步骤(2)得到的悬浮液中加入防火改性剂,并进行超声分散；其中,防火改性剂由低分子类碳源和发泡剂组成；(4)将步骤(3)所得溶液进行离心分离,并将沉淀进行初步干燥从而得到防火型膨胀蛭石。该防火涂料具有良好的防火性能和抑烟性能。(A kind of fireproof coating, comprising following weight percentage components: resin aqueous emulsion 40-70%, modified expanded vermiculite 5-20%, coating additive and other fillers 10-30% and water 10-30%；Wherein, modified expanded vermiculite is prepared by following steps: (1) incomplete expansion calcining carried out to vermiculite: taking vermiculite raw material to clean, and put into rotary furnace, heating expansion, incomplete expansion vermiculite, bulk density 1000-1200kg/m are obtained after discharging 3 ；(2) incomplete expansion vermiculite is added in solvent, simultaneously ultrasonic disperse is sufficiently stirred, obtains vermiculite suspension, the suspension and char forming catalyst ammonium polyphosphate is added in closed reaction vessel, temperature is heated to 120-180 DEG C, and high-speed stirred simultaneously keeps the temperature and obtains suspension；(3) at normal temperature, fire-protection modifying dose is added in the suspension obtained to step (2), and carries out ultrasonic disperse；Wherein, it is made of low molecule class carbon source and foaming agent for fire-protection modifying dose；(4) step (3) acquired solution is centrifuged, and precipitating is subjected to preliminarily dried to obtain fire-type expanded vermiculite.The fireproof coating has good fire protecting performance and smoke suppressing.)

1. a kind of fireproof coating, which is characterized in that comprising following weight percentage components: resin aqueous emulsion 40-70%, changing Property expanded vermiculite 5-20%, coating additive and other fillers 10-30% and water 10-30%；Wherein, modified expanded vermiculite is by such as Lower step is prepared:

(1) incomplete expansion calcining is carried out to vermiculite: vermiculite raw material is taken to clean, and putting into temperature is 700-1000 DEG C In rotary furnace, heating expansion 10-20 seconds obtains incomplete expansion vermiculite, bulk density 1000-1200kg/m after discharging³；

(2) incomplete expansion vermiculite is added in solvent, is sufficiently stirred simultaneously ultrasonic disperse 20-40 minutes, obtains vermiculite suspension The suspension and char forming catalyst are added in closed reaction vessel by liquid, and temperature is heated to 120-180 DEG C, and high-speed stirred is simultaneously Heat preservation obtains suspension in 2-4 hours；

(3) at normal temperature, fire-protection modifying dose is added in the suspension obtained to step (2), and carries out ultrasonic disperse 40-60 points Clock；Wherein, it is made of low molecule class carbon source and foaming agent for fire-protection modifying dose；

(4) step (3) acquired solution is centrifuged, and precipitating is subjected to preliminarily dried to obtain fire-type expansion leech Stone；

Wherein, carbon source is pentaerythrite, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and char forming catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate, and foaming agent is double Cyanamide, ammonium oxalate, urea or hexamethylenetetramine；

Wherein, the ammonium polyphosphate degree of polymerization is greater than 600 and less than 1000；

Wherein according to mass ratio, incomplete expansion vermiculite, carbon source, the weight ratio of char forming catalyst and foaming agent are about 10:(2- 4): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5).

2. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that resin aqueous emulsion can be polyaminoester emulsion, and poly- third Olefin(e) acid ester lotion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, acrylate and vinyl acetate emulsion.

3. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that auxiliary agent includes defoaming agent, levelling agent, dispersing agent, thickening Agent and/or wetting agent.

4. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that filler includes titanium dioxide, lithopone or powdered whiting.

5. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rotary furnace operating temperature is 850-950 DEG C, heating expansion Time is 12-15 seconds, preferably 13 seconds.

6. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bulk density of incomplete expansion vermiculite is 1000- 1100kg/m³。

7. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bulk density of incomplete expansion vermiculite is 1000- 1050/m³。

8. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is characterized in that, drying condition is naturally dry.

9. fireproof coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the closed reaction vessel in step 2 is reaction kettle, stirring Speed is 1200-1800 revs/min.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fireproof coating, specifically disclose anti-as the intumescent of functional stuffing using fire-type vermiculite Fiery coating.

Background technique

Expanding fire-proof paint is mainly used for steel structure fireproofing, and the development of economy and society has pushed the hair of construction business Exhibition, heavy construction such as exhibition center, terminal, megastore, stadiums and luxurious hotel and industrial premises etc. are increasing, and And develop towards large-scale and beautiful direction, main supporting member is mostly steel construction.

For this purpose, the fire prevention of steel construction has been to be concerned by more and more people.Although steel belong to incombustible material, but its fire resisting Performance is poor more than masonry structure and reinforced concrete structure, and with the raising of temperature, the mechanical strength of steel can decline.When temperature liter When height arrives critical-temperature (generally 540 DEG C) of steel, yield stress is only the 40% of room temperature.Steel are direct in thermal-flame Under calcination, the only fire endurance of 15min.It the use of fireproof coating is a kind of method that steel building fireproof is more satisfactory. Fire-resistant coating for steel structure is coated in steel member surface, plays fire-proof and thermal-insulation protective effect, prevent steel be brought rapidly up in a fire and Intensity is reduced, steel construction is avoided to lose support force and building is caused to collapse.

Fire-resistant coating for steel structure generally can be divided into thick coated type, scumbling type and ultrathin type, in terms of development trend, ultra-thin fashioned iron knot Structure fireproof coating will finally substitute thick coated type and scumbling type fire proofing material, the fire-proof function of ultra-thin fire-resistant coating mainly by Three kinds of compositions realize, are used to form the carbon source of layer of charcoal, are dehydrated for being catalyzed carbon source material to form the acid source of layer of charcoal and generate foaming The gas source of gas, fire protecting performance need to be further increased.Currently, much studying trial is added other fire prevention or heat-insulated group Point, to further increase the fire protecting performance of coating, wherein expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite are common function thermal insulating fillings, are had Help improve fire protecting performance, but at present expanded vermiculite be further modified and also be compared with the research for promoting fire protecting performance It is few.

Vermiculite is a kind of aqueous iron magnesium silicate class mineral of complexity, is by mica mineral hydrothermal alteration or slacking The regeneration mineral of formation.Vermiculite chemical component is ((Mg, Fe, Al)₃(Si, Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂〕·4H₂O, but often come and go, Belong to monoclinic system, in the form of sheets, hardness 1~1.5,2400~2700kg/m3 of density, thin slice tool is flexible, and most important property is Heating can expand, and maximum in 800~1000 DEG C of expansions, 8~15 times of expansion multiple, high person is up to 30 times.Expanded vermiculite is close Degree is generally 80~200kg/m3, and thermal coefficient is 0.047~0.07W/ (mK), and sound-absorption coefficient is 0.50~0.63 (frequency For 512Hz), refractoriness is 1300~1350 DEG C.In addition at expanded vermiculite in the dry state, there is good frost resistance, At -20 DEG C, by 15 freeze thawing, granularmetric composition is constant.Meanwhile and because its be inorganic matter, therefore not by fungus attacks, no It rots, never degenerate, be also not easy to be damaged by insects damaged by rats.Just because of there is so many superior performance, application is quite extensive.2 vermiculites Mainly also there is its unique application in building industry, but in other field vermiculites using status vermiculite.Expanded vermiculite Production process is as follows: after vermiculite decontamination, being ground into the particle of 1~2mm, screening removes fine powder.By raw material stoving (preheating) Afterwards, it puts back to and carries out extruding heat treatment in rotary kiln or shaft kiln to it, the thermal regulation of extruding heat treatment has very the expansion rate of vermiculite It is big to influence.Be usually used and vermiculite be first heated slowly to 100 DEG C, then, then rapidly investment be previously heated to 1000 DEG C plus In hot stove, 0.5~1.0min of Bulking Time.Extruding heat treatment after vermiculite it is annealed, be cooled expanded vermiculite.Go out from furnace The expanded vermiculite come also needs to be sieved, and removes unexpanded impurity particle.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of fireproof coatings and preparation method thereof, on the basis of original expanding fire-proof paint On, add a kind of fire-type type expanded vermiculite, which is characterized in that the coating includes following weight percentage components: aqueous tree Fat liquor 40-70%, modified expanded vermiculite 5-20%, coating additive and other fillers 10-30% and water 10-30%；Wherein, Modified expanded vermiculite is prepared by following steps:

(1) incomplete expansion calcining is carried out to vermiculite: vermiculite raw material is taken to clean, and putting into temperature is 700-1000 DEG C rotary furnace in, heating expansion 10-20 seconds, incomplete expansion vermiculite, bulk density 1000- are obtained after discharging 1200kg/m³；

(2) incomplete expansion vermiculite is added in solvent, is sufficiently stirred simultaneously ultrasonic disperse 20-40 minutes, obtains vermiculite The suspension and char forming catalyst are added in closed reaction vessel by suspension, and temperature is heated to 120-180 DEG C, high-speed stirring It mixes and keeps the temperature 2-4 hours and obtain suspension；

(3) at normal temperature, fire-protection modifying dose is added in the suspension obtained to step (2), and carries out ultrasonic disperse 40-60 Minute；Wherein, it is made of low molecule class carbon source and foaming agent for fire-protection modifying dose；

(4) step (3) acquired solution is centrifuged, and precipitating progress preliminarily dried is swollen to obtain fire-type Swollen vermiculite；

Wherein, carbon source is pentaerythrite, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and char forming catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate, foaming agent For dicyandiamide, ammonium oxalate, urea or hexamethylenetetramine；

Wherein, the ammonium polyphosphate degree of polymerization is greater than 600 and less than 1000；

Wherein according to mass ratio, incomplete expansion vermiculite, carbon source, the weight ratio of char forming catalyst and foaming agent are about 10: (2-4): (0.5-1.5): (0.5-1.5).

Wherein, resin aqueous emulsion can be polyaminoester emulsion, polyacrylate dispersion, styrene-acrylic emulsion, acrylate and vinyl acetate emulsion.

Wherein, auxiliary agent includes defoaming agent, levelling agent, dispersing agent, thickener and/or wetting agent.

Wherein filler includes titanium dioxide, lithopone, powdered whiting.

Preferably, rotary furnace operating temperature is 850-950 DEG C, and heating Bulking Time is 12-15 seconds.

Preferably, heating Bulking Time is 13 seconds.Preferably, the bulk density of incomplete expansion vermiculite is 1000- 1100kg/m³, it is further 1000-1050/m³。

Preferably, closed reaction vessel is reaction kettle, and mixing speed is 1200-1800 revs/min.

The present invention passes through research staff's numerous studies in actual production, is found surprisingly that incomplete by the adjustment of system The calcination temperature of expanded vermiculite, and then suitable bulk density is adjusted, at the same time, the adding technology of fire-protection modifying dose of adjustment, Become two step hydro-thermals from an original step ultrasonic mixing to be stirred and ultrasonic mixing, passes through the tune to critical process step at two It is whole, and the suitable degree of polymerization of ammonium polyphosphate is selected, the technical solution of the application overcomes the prior art and is not suitable for ammonium polyphosphate Defect.

Specifically, for calcination temperature, temperature is excessively high, heating Bulking Time is too long, expanding vermiculite is excessive, loosely-packed Density is too small to lead to that further swelling heat absorption fireproofing function can not be played in fire；Temperature is too low, and heating Bulking Time is too short, Expanding vermiculite is not enough, and is unfavorable for the insertion of fire-protection modifying dose of especially ammonium polyphosphate, insufficient amount of fire-protection modifying dose can not Performance cooperates with fire prevention suppression cigarette effect with expanded vermiculite.

Preferably, drying condition is 25 DEG C of naturally dries.Temperature is excessively high, cause fire-protection modifying dose of small molecule excessively wave Hair, temperature is inadequate, and vermiculite surface has a large amount of solvents, will lead to dispersion of the incomplete expansion vermiculite in coating and unevenly asks Topic.

After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by further carrying out preferably, both meeting polyphosphoric acid to the heating expansion temperature of expanded vermiculite, bulk density Ammonium enters incomplete expansion vermiculite interlayer, while also avoiding the problem of incomplete expansion vermiculite excessively expands.

(2) it by being dispersed with stirring under hydrothermal conditions, promotes ammonium polyphosphate and enters incomplete expansion vermiculite interlayer, In At suitable temperature, ammonium polyphosphate has good dispersibility in a solvent, under conditions of high speed dispersion stirring, rapidly enters Incomplete expansion vermiculite interlayer, if temperature is too low, the dispersibility of ammonium polyphosphate in a solvent is poor, enough can not enter endless Full expanded vermiculite, if temperature is excessively high, ammonium polyphosphate can generate certain decomposition.

(3) by the selection to the ammonium polyphosphate degree of polymerization, so that using the fireproof coating of the modified expanded vermiculite water-fast Property and fire line in terms of achieve preferable comprehensive performance.The degree of polymerization is too low, and water resistance is bad, and the easy moisture absorption, and the degree of polymerization is excessively high, The effectively limited amount of the ammonium polyphosphate of insertion incomplete expansion vermiculite interlayer, it is difficult to play collaboration fire prevention effect.

(4) after vermiculite carries out incomplete expansion, what low molecule class carbon source, char forming catalyst ammonium polyphosphate and foaming agent formed Intumescent modifying agent gets enter into incomplete expansion vermiculite interlayer, when fire-type vermiculite is placed in the bad border of the high temperature such as fire, low point Subclass carbon source, the intumescent modifying agent of char forming catalyst ammonium polyphosphate and foaming agent composition and incomplete expansion vermiculite are swollen simultaneously Swollen, the former forms expanded by heating foaming, forms carbonaceous foam thermal insulation layer and closes protected object, postpones the biography of heat and substrate Pass, prevent object ignition or because temperature increase due to caused by intensity decline, meanwhile, the synchronous expansion of expanded vermiculite, with Carbonaceous foam forms organic whole, strengthens airtightness, thermal insulation and the heat-insulated intensity of carbonaceous foam, and then it is heat-insulated to play prevention With the effect of intensity decline, the two acts synergistically, and produces unexpected technical effect.It is demonstrated experimentally that intercalation modifying Incomplete expansion vermiculite fire protecting performance be completely superior to incomplete expansion vermiculite and carbon source, char forming catalyst ammonium polyphosphate and hair The technical solution of the direct simple blend of expansion fire-proof agent of infusion composition.

(5) expansion fire-proof filler intercalation is entered into incomplete expansion vermiculite, vermiculite can not only be catalyzed layer of charcoal at high temperature More carbon residues are formed, the generation of flammable evolution substance and the transmitting of heat are reduced, meanwhile, it will can further escape Charcoal solid particle is enclosed in vermiculite interlayer, plays good smoke suppressing effect.

(6) it is easy to happen as the modified expanded vermiculite of char forming catalyst not only without poor water resistance using ammonium polyphosphate The advantages that the problems such as recrystallization, thermal stability is good, and the amount containing P and N is higher, water-soluble low, nonhygroscopic, the fire prevention being prepared Coating has preferable water resistance, thermal stability and fire line, and has advantage at low cost.

Specific embodiment

The technical solution of invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.