阅读说明：本技术 一种基于生物学技术淡水蚌养殖的富氧方法 (Oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology ) 是由 杨品红 邵立业 莫亚琼 于 2019-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于生物学技术淡水蚌养殖的富氧方法,属于珍珠养殖领域,富氧方法包括以下步骤,先将水草和水草泥放置与水草培育箱中在普通水中进行预培育,当水草成长至15-20cm时,将水草培育箱安装在安装架上并放入珍珠蚌培育池中,随水草的生长逐渐将水草培育箱的位置向下调整,使珍珠蚌吊养笼不被水草完全覆盖,当水草过量繁殖时,然后使用卷扬机收卷连接绳,使水草培育箱上升至水面,然后对水草进行清理,可以实现方便养殖水草进行水体的富氧工作,通过控制水草培育箱的数量和水草培育箱内养殖空间的大小来控制水草的生长,将水草培育箱靠近珍珠蚌养殖框,利用珍珠蚌捕食藻类,控制水草上藻类繁殖。(The invention discloses an oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on a biological technology, which belongs to the field of pearl culture and comprises the following steps of firstly placing waterweeds and waterweed mud in a waterweed culture box for pre-culturing in common water, mounting the waterweed culture box on a mounting frame and placing the waterweed culture box in a pearl mussel culture pond when the waterweeds grow to 15-20cm, gradually adjusting the position of the waterweed culture box downwards along with the growth of the waterweeds so that a pearl mussel hanging culture cage is not completely covered by the waterweeds, rolling a connecting rope by using a winch when the waterweeds are excessively propagated so that the waterweed culture box rises to the water surface, then cleaning the waterweeds, conveniently culturing the waterweeds to carry out water body work, controlling the growth of the waterweeds by controlling the number of the waterweed culture boxes and the size of culture spaces in the waterweed culture box, enabling the waterweed culture box to be close to the pearl mussel culture frame, algae breeding on aquatic weeds is controlled by utilizing pearl mussels to prey on algae.)

1. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on a biological technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

Firstly, placing the aquatic weeds and the aquatic weed mud in an aquatic weed incubator (4) for pre-incubation in common water, soaking the aquatic weeds in salt solution for 15 seconds for sterilization during incubation, then taking out the aquatic weeds, washing the aquatic weeds with clean water, and trimming after sterilization, wherein only a short stem or leaf stalk and root are reserved, so that the aquatic weeds can germinate and grow in the aquatic weed incubator (4);

Secondly, when the aquatic weeds grow to 15-20cm, disinfecting the aquatic weeds in the aquatic weeds cultivation box (4), then installing the aquatic weeds cultivation box (4) on the installation frame (3), then placing the installation frame (3) into the pearl mussel cultivation pool (1), matching the fixed position of the aquatic weeds cultivation box (4) with the position of a pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage in the pearl mussel cultivation pool (1), enabling excrement of the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage to fall into the aquatic weeds cultivation box (4) to provide nutrients for the growth of the aquatic weeds, and algae growing on the aquatic weeds can provide food for the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage, wherein the fertility of a water body is increased along with the growth of the pearl mussels and the growth of the aquatic weeds during cultivation;

Thirdly, gradually adjusting the position of the aquatic plant cultivating box (4) downwards along with the growth of the aquatic plants by technicians to ensure that the pearl mussel hanging and cultivating cage is not completely covered by the aquatic plants;

The fourth step, when pasture and water excessive reproduction, will connect in rope (7) inserts the hoist engine, then use the hoist engine rolling to connect rope (7), make mounting bracket (3) be drawn and rise to the surface of water on, the personnel of breeding clear up the rotten algae and the algae of excessive reproduction in pasture and water artificial containers (4) on mounting bracket (3).

2. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a pearl mussel culture pond (1) needs to be disinfected by quicklime 15-20 days before pearl mussel hanging culture, fresh water is injected after disinfection and solarization for 3-5 days, fully fermented organic fertilizer is applied to culture water quality and improve water body nutrients, and organic fertilizer and lime are regularly applied to the pearl mussel culture pond (1) in the culture process.

3. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the aquatic weeds are disinfected in the second step: a user adds 3 g of copper sulfate into each liter of water, soaks the waterweed for 4-6 minutes, and then washes the waterweed with clear water to prevent the waterweed from dying, and the copper sulfate can be recycled for repeated use.

4. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the size of the pearl mussel hanging cage is 60 x 15cm, and the pearl mussel hanging cage is hung 25-30cm away from the water surface.

5. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coverage rate of the aquatic weeds in the pearl mussel cultivation pool (1) is 60% -65%.

6. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent aquatic weed cultivation boxes (4) is 30-40 cm.

7. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pearl mussel culture pond is characterized in that a plurality of pairs of uniformly distributed fixing bolts (2) are fixedly connected to the pearl mussel culture pond (1), a mounting frame (3) is arranged between the fixing bolts (2), fixing rings (6) are fixedly connected to both ends of the mounting frame (3), connecting ropes (7) are connected between the fixing rings (6) and the fixing bolts (2), a plurality of uniformly distributed aquatic weed cultivation boxes (4) are arranged on the mounting frame (3), the aquatic weed cultivation boxes (4) are clamped on the mounting frame (3), each aquatic weed cultivation box (4) comprises a bottom plate (401), a box body (402) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bottom plate (401), a plurality of uniformly distributed vent holes (403) are formed in the lower end of the bottom plate (401), a plurality of pairs of uniformly distributed clamping grooves (404) are formed in the bottom plate (401), and a partition plate (405) is clamped between the clamping grooves (404), and a locking screw (5) is connected between the mounting rack (3) and the aquatic plant cultivation box (4).

8. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: the connecting rope (7) is connected with a hook matched with the fixing bolt (2).

9. An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on biological technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: the connecting rope (7) is a nylon rope, and a rubber waterproof layer is laid on the surface of the connecting rope (7).

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of pearl culture, in particular to an oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on a biological technology.

Background

china is a big country for producing pearls, accounts for 95 percent of the output of pearls in the world, has considerable culture benefit, and is one of important sources for leading farmers to become rich. But the water pollution is increasingly serious due to scattered cultivation, less investment, lack of management and the like.

the fresh water pearl culture needs to perform oxygen enrichment on a water body, and the current oxygen enrichment mode mainly comprises the following steps: chemical oxygenation, mechanical oxygenation and biological oxygenation.

The existing chemical oxygen increasing chemical products are large in using amount, large in labor, high in cost and prone to result in effect reduction due to improper storage, and when the chemical oxygen increasing agents are used more, harm can be caused to cultivated organisms.

the existing mechanical oxygen increasing needs to depend on a mechanical device all the time, the machinery is easily damaged after being exposed outside for a long time, a pressurizing area of the oxygen increasing machine is only limited in a certain area range, the oxygen increasing machine belongs to single-point oxygen increasing, the dissolved oxygen content of a pond bottom layer is low, aquatic animals are easily influenced to grow and damage the aquatic animals due to large mechanical operation noise, the bottom mud of the pond is easily extracted by the impeller type oxygen increasing machine, and vortex air can be formed below a machine body after the impeller type oxygen increasing machine is used for a long time.

The biological oxygenation is to absorb carbon dioxide in a water body through plant photosynthesis to generate oxygen, is clean and environment-friendly, but the current biological oxygenation easily causes overgrowth of aquatic weeds, influences the illumination intensity of a pond, and the aquatic weeds are rotten to cause deterioration of pond water, algae are easily bred during growth of the aquatic weeds, the overgrowth of the aquatic weeds easily causes explosion of the algae, and the explosion of the algae can influence the water quality of a culture water body.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel cultivation based on a biological technology, which can realize convenient water grass cultivation for oxygen enrichment work of a water body, control the growth of the aquatic grass by controlling the number of aquatic grass cultivation boxes and the size of cultivation space in the aquatic grass cultivation boxes, enable the aquatic grass cultivation boxes to be close to pearl mussel cultivation frames, and control the reproduction of algae on the aquatic grass by utilizing the pearl mussels to prey on the algae.

2. technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

An oxygen enrichment method for freshwater mussel culture based on a biological technology comprises the following steps:

Firstly, placing waterweeds and waterweed mud in a waterweed incubator to pre-cultivate the waterweeds in common water, soaking the waterweeds in salt water for 15 seconds for disinfection during cultivation, taking out the waterweeds, washing the waterweeds with clear water, and trimming after disinfection, wherein only a short stem or leaf stalk and root are reserved, so that the waterweeds can germinate and grow again in the waterweed incubator;

Secondly, when the aquatic weeds grow to 15-20cm, disinfecting the aquatic weeds in the aquatic weed cultivation box, then installing the aquatic weed cultivation box on a mounting frame, and then placing the mounting frame into the pearl mussel cultivation pool, wherein the fixed position of the aquatic weed cultivation box is matched with the position of a pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage in the pearl mussel cultivation pool, so that excrement of the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage can fall into the aquatic weed cultivation box to provide nutrients for the growth of the aquatic weeds, algae bred on the aquatic weeds can provide food for the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel hanging cultivation cage, and the fertility of a water body is increased along with the growth of the pearl mussels and the growth of the aquatic weeds during cultivation;

thirdly, gradually adjusting the position of the aquatic plant cultivating box downwards along with the growth of aquatic plants by technicians to ensure that the pearl mussel hanging cultivating cage is not completely covered by the aquatic plants;

And fourthly, when the aquatic weeds are excessively bred, connecting the connecting rope into the winch, then winding the connecting rope by using the winch to enable the mounting rack to be pulled up to the water surface, and cleaning rotten algae and excessively bred algae in the aquatic weeds incubator on the mounting rack by culture personnel.

furthermore, quicklime is required to be used for sterilizing a pearl mussel culture pond 15-20 days before pearl mussel hanging culture, fresh water is injected after sterilization and solarization for 3-5 days, fully fermented organic fertilizer is applied to culture water quality and improve water body nutrients, organic fertilizer and lime are regularly applied to the pearl mussel culture pond in the culture process, the organic fertilizer is used for improving the water body nutrients, and the lime is used for sterilizing and adjusting the pH value of the water body.

Further, when the aquatic weeds are disinfected: a user adds 3 g of copper sulfate into each liter of water, soaks the aquatic weeds for 4-6 minutes, and then washes the aquatic weeds with clear water to prevent the aquatic weeds from dying, and the copper sulfate can be recycled to prevent a great deal of algae bred on the aquatic weeds newly introduced into the pearl mussel culture pond from breeding.

Furthermore, the size of the pearl mussel hanging cage is 60 x 15cm, and the pearl mussel hanging cage is hung 25-30cm away from the water surface.

Furthermore, the coverage rate of the aquatic weeds in the pearl mussel culture pond is 60% -65%, so that sufficient food sources are provided for the pearl mussels, the culture range of the aquatic weeds is controlled, and the outbreak of algae is easily prevented.

furthermore, the distance between two adjacent aquatic plant cultivation boxes is 30-40cm, so that rotten algae can be conveniently cleaned and the algae can be conveniently pruned.

Further, a plurality of pairs of fixing bolts which are uniformly distributed are fixedly connected to the pearl mussel culture pond, a mounting frame is arranged between one pair of fixing bolts, fixing rings are fixedly connected to two ends of the mounting frame, connecting ropes are connected between the fixing rings and the fixing bolts, a plurality of uniformly distributed aquatic weed culture boxes are arranged on the mounting frame and are clamped on the mounting frame, each aquatic weed culture box comprises a bottom plate, a box body is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bottom plate, a plurality of uniformly distributed air vents are formed in the lower end of the bottom plate, a plurality of pairs of uniformly distributed clamping grooves are formed in the bottom plate, a partition plate is clamped between each pair of clamping grooves, locking screws are connected between the mounting frame and the aquatic weed culture boxes, and a plurality of uniformly distributed threaded holes matched with the locking screws are formed in the mounting frame and the aquatic weed culture boxes, the position of the aquatic plant cultivating box can be conveniently adjusted, so that the aquatic plant cultivating box is matched with the pearl mussel hanging cultivating cage.

furthermore, the connecting rope is connected with a hook matched with the fixing bolt, so that the connecting rope can be conveniently connected into the winch, and the connecting rope is conveniently fixed with the fixing bolt.

Furthermore, the connecting rope is a nylon rope, and a rubber waterproof layer is laid on the surface of the connecting rope, so that the connecting rope is not easy to corrode by culture water.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the aquatic weeds perform photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide in the water body and release oxygen, so that the pearl mussel culture pond is oxygenated, and meanwhile, when plants grow, some nutrient substances in the water body need to be absorbed, and the effects of improving water quality and substrate are achieved.

(2) the water fertility in the pearl mussel cultivation pool is high, so that algae breeding in the aquatic plant growth is more than the growth of the pearl mussels, the algae outbreak can be caused, the water quality is influenced, the scale control of the aquatic plant breeding is carried out by controlling the number of the aquatic plant cultivation boxes and the size of the cultivation space in the aquatic plant cultivation boxes, and the algae outbreak caused by the mass aquatic plant breeding can be prevented.

(3) the aquatic plant cultivation box is hung below the pearl mussel cultivation cage, so that the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel cultivation cage can prey on algae bred on aquatic plants, and excrement of the pearl mussels in the pearl mussel cultivation cage can fall into the aquatic plant cultivation box to provide nutrients for growth of the aquatic plants.

(4) The mounting bracket is hung underwater by using the connecting rope, the hanging position of the mounting bracket is adjusted by folding and unfolding the connecting rope, the aquatic plant cultivation box on the mounting bracket is convenient to be close to the pearl mussel cultivation cage, and the mounting bracket is also convenient to be pulled to the water surface to carry out aquatic plant treatment in the aquatic plant cultivation box and aquatic plant cultivation box dismounting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the present invention when pearl mussel cultivation is performed;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the aquatic plant cultivation box of the present invention during its lifting operation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the mounting frame of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the aquatic plant cultivation box of the present invention when it is hoisted.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1 pearl mussel culture pond, 2 gim pegs, 3 mounting brackets, 4 pasture and water artificial containers, 401 bottom plate, 402 box, 403 air vent, 404 draw-in groove, 405 baffle, 5 locking screw, 6 solid fixed ring, 7 connection rope.

Detailed Description

The drawings in the embodiments of the invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described; obviously; the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the invention; but not all embodiments, are based on the embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step; all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.