阅读说明：本技术 一种高压冲洗去皮机构及节能环保型去皮护色装置 (High-pressure washing peeling mechanism and energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color-protecting device ) 是由 耿树香 劳凤学 宁德鲁 贺娜 陈海云 徐田 马婷 缪福俊 商迎辉 章丽娜 李梦洁 于 2019-09-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种高压冲洗去皮机构及节能环保型去皮护色装置,高压冲洗去皮机构包括输送筒和输送翻动绞龙；沿所述坚果仁物料的输送方向,输送筒包括：靠近所述进料口冲洗脱皮部和远离所述进料口的干燥部；冲洗脱皮部内设置有高压水喷头；干燥部内设置有吹风口；输送筒在所述输送翻动绞龙的底部设置有用于排水和排出内皮的排水口。本发明结构更加紧凑,在完成脱皮之后立即进行风干处理,避免坚果仁长时间被水液包围,即在水液未浸入果仁之前就被高压风吹掉,保证了坚果仁的原始成份不被破坏。与现有技术相比,整个生产工序能耗更低,效率更高,属于一种绿色节能的加工设备。(the invention provides a high-pressure washing peeling mechanism and an energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color-protecting device, wherein the high-pressure washing peeling mechanism comprises a conveying cylinder and a conveying and turning auger; in the direction of conveyance of said nut meat material, the transfer drum comprises: the drying part is close to the feed inlet and is used for washing the leather part and the drying part far away from the feed inlet; a high-pressure water spray head is arranged in the washing and peeling part; an air blowing port is arranged in the drying part; the bottom of the conveying cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the conveying and turning auger, is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin. The invention has more compact structure, and can be dried immediately after peeling, thereby preventing the nut kernels from being surrounded by water liquid for a long time, namely the nut kernels are blown off by high-pressure air before the water liquid is immersed into the nut kernels, and ensuring that the original components of the nut kernels are not damaged. Compared with the prior art, the energy consumption of the whole production process is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the processing equipment belongs to green and energy-saving processing equipment.)

1. a high pressure washing peeling mechanism, comprising: the conveying cylinder and the conveying and turning auger are arranged on the conveying cylinder; a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the conveying cylinder; the feed inlet of the conveying cylinder is low, the discharge outlet of the conveying cylinder is high, and the conveying cylinder is obliquely arranged at an angle of 10-45 degrees with the horizontal plane;

The conveying and turning auger is arranged in the conveying cylinder, the outer diameter of the conveying and turning auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the conveying cylinder, and the conveying and turning auger is used for conveying the nut meat materials from the feeding hole to the discharging hole and turning the nut meat materials at the same time;

in the direction of conveyance of said nut meat material, the transfer drum comprises: the drying part is close to the feed inlet and is used for washing the leather part and the drying part far away from the feed inlet;

a high-pressure water spray head is arranged in the washing and peeling part; the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying and turning auger, and are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the conveying and turning auger on the cross section of the vertical conveying and turning auger, and are connected with a high-pressure water source and used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water;

An air blowing port is arranged in the drying part; the plurality of air blowing ports are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying and turning auger, the plurality of air blowing ports are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the conveying and turning auger on the cross section of the vertical conveying and turning auger, and the air blowing ports are connected with an air source and used for drying the nuts by utilizing hot air or cold air;

the bottom of the conveying cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the conveying and turning auger, is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

2. The high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying and turning auger comprises the conveying blades spirally wound, and the conveying blades are densely provided with water-permeable holes for allowing water and peeled endothelium to pass through.

3. The high pressure washing and peeling mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central axis of the transportation cylinder forms an angle of 15-30 ° with the horizontal plane.

4. The high pressure washing and peeling mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air source is a fan, and the fan is connected to the air blowing port via an air path.

5. The high pressure washing and peeling mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein a heating module is disposed on the air path for heating the air flow in the air path. The heating module is the prior art, such as a ceramic heating plate, an electric heating wire and the like.

6. An energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color protecting device adopting the high-pressure washing peeling mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising: the refrigeration unit, the freezing unit, the color protection subsystem and the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism;

The refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (for example, -15-30 ℃);

The freezer unit includes a freezer container for containing nut kernels, the freezer container including an air inlet and an air outlet; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after refrigeration by the refrigeration unit is introduced into the freezing container through a pipeline and an air inlet and is used for freezing the nut kernels; the color protection subsystem is used for performing color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed.

7. the energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color protecting device according to claim 6, wherein the color protecting subsystem comprises: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

The first gas storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first gas storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing container through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing container is temporarily stored in the first gas storage tank through the inlet;

the color protection cylinder is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the color protection cylinder;

A conveying auger for conveying the nuts after the inner skins are removed is arranged in the conveying channel;

A plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the color protection cylinder;

one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the gas inlet of the color protection cylinder through a gas transmission pipeline and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first gas storage tank into the color protection cylinder;

The temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder within a set range of 0.1-10 ℃;

The atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the color protection cylinder along with nitrogen through the gas inlet;

The conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with the second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the color protection cylinder through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

The plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative molecules settle down after contacting the nut kernels and attach to the surfaces of the nut kernels.

8. the energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color-protecting device according to claim 7, wherein a discharge port is arranged below the freezing container, and the discharge port is arranged above the feeding port of the conveying cylinder. The nut meat material discharged from the freezing container can directly fall into the conveying cylinder. The discharge opening is preferably connected with the feed opening in a pipe sealing mode.

9. The energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color-protecting device according to claim 7,

And the first pipeline is provided with a filtering device for filtering nitrogen.

The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module.

10. The energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color-protecting device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the color-protecting cylinder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut processing such as walnuts, hazelnuts, pine nuts and the like, in particular to a high-pressure washing peeling mechanism and an energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color protecting device.

Background

In the existing nut processing methods such as walnut, hazelnut, pine nut and the like, the inner skin of the nut is usually removed, and then color protection treatment is carried out. The existing endothelial removing process mostly adopts an ice water soaking method, and the color protection treatment needs to soak the nut kernels with the endothelial removed in a color protection solvent. The method has a plurality of disadvantages, such as the increase of water content of the soaked nut kernels, the difficulty and the cost of the later drying treatment are increased, and the efficiency is reduced. Meanwhile, the nutrition of the soaked nut kernels is low in loss in different degrees, the color fixative is used in an excessive amount, the adhesion amount of the color fixative on each nut kernel is excessive, the taste is influenced, and meanwhile, the food additive is deposited on the nut kernels too much, so that the health is not facilitated. And the procedures of removing endothelium and drying are time-consuming and labor-consuming, the efficiency is low, and the residual rate of endothelium is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-pressure washing peeling mechanism and an energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color protecting device, which are used for solving at least one technical problem in the prior art. The consumption of the nut kernel additive treated by the method is greatly reduced, the nut kernels are healthier, and the production process is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism, which comprises: the conveying cylinder and the conveying and turning auger are arranged on the conveying cylinder; a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the conveying cylinder; the feed inlet of the conveying cylinder is low, the discharge outlet of the conveying cylinder is high, and the conveying cylinder is obliquely arranged at an angle of 10-45 degrees with the horizontal plane;

the conveying and turning auger is arranged in the conveying cylinder, the outer diameter of the conveying and turning auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the conveying cylinder, and the conveying and turning auger is used for conveying the nut meat materials from the feeding hole to the discharging hole and turning the nut meat materials at the same time;

In the direction of conveyance of said nut meat material, the transfer drum comprises: the drying part is close to the feed inlet and is used for washing the leather part and the drying part far away from the feed inlet;

A high-pressure water spray head is arranged in the washing and peeling part; the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying and turning auger, and are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the conveying and turning auger on the cross section of the vertical conveying and turning auger, and are connected with a high-pressure water source and used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water;

An air blowing port is arranged in the drying part; the plurality of air blowing ports are arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying and turning auger, the plurality of air blowing ports are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the conveying and turning auger on the cross section of the vertical conveying and turning auger, and the air blowing ports are connected with an air source and used for drying the nuts by utilizing hot air or cold air;

the bottom of the conveying cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the conveying and turning auger, is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

further, carry the auger that stirs including the spiral winding setting carry the blade, it has the hole of permeating water that is used for being convenient for water liquid and the endothelial that drops to pass through to gather on the blade.

Further, the central axis of the conveying cylinder forms an included angle of 15-30 degrees with the horizontal plane.

The conveying cylinder is obliquely arranged, water liquid in the cylinder flows downwards, so that fallen inner skins are washed away downwards, the inner skin-removed nuts discharged from the discharge hole are cleaner, and impurities such as the inner skins are less.

Further, the air source is a fan, and the fan is communicated with the air blowing opening through an air path.

Furthermore, a heating module for heating the air flow in the air path is arranged on the air path. The heating module is the prior art, such as a ceramic heating plate, an electric heating wire and the like.

The high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism disclosed by the invention has a more compact structure, and can be used for carrying out air drying treatment immediately after peeling is finished, so that the nuts are prevented from being surrounded by water liquid for a long time, namely the nuts are blown off by high-pressure air before the water liquid is immersed into the nuts, and the original components of the nuts are ensured not to be damaged. Compared with the prior art, the energy consumption of the whole production process is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the processing equipment belongs to green and energy-saving processing equipment.

In addition, the invention also discloses an energy-saving environment-friendly peeling and color protecting device, which comprises: the refrigeration unit, the freezing unit, the color protection subsystem and the high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism;

the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (for example, -15-30 ℃);

The freezer unit includes a freezer container for containing nut kernels, the freezer container including an air inlet and an air outlet; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after refrigeration by the refrigeration unit is introduced into the freezing container through a pipeline and an air inlet and is used for freezing the nut kernels; the color protection subsystem is used for performing color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed.

Further, the color protection subsystem includes: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

The first gas storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first gas storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing container through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing container is temporarily stored in the first gas storage tank through the inlet;

The color protection cylinder is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the color protection cylinder;

A conveying auger for conveying the nuts after the inner skins are removed is arranged in the conveying channel;

a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the color protection cylinder;

One end of the first pump body is communicated with the first gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the gas inlet of the color protection cylinder through a gas transmission pipeline and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first gas storage tank into the color protection cylinder;

The temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder within a set range of 0.1-10 ℃;

the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the color protection cylinder along with nitrogen through the gas inlet;

The conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with the second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the color protection cylinder through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

The plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative molecules settle down after contacting the nut kernels and attach to the surfaces of the nut kernels.

Further, a discharge opening is arranged below the freezing container and is arranged above the feed opening of the conveying cylinder. The nut meat material discharged from the freezing container can directly fall into the conveying cylinder. The discharge opening is preferably connected with the feed opening in a pipe sealing mode.

The freezing device has a compact structure, low-temperature nitrogen continuously passes through the freezing container, so that the fast freezing treatment of the nut kernels is realized, compared with ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the nut kernels is small.

The color protection treatment is carried out on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed by the atomized color protection agent, the dosage of the color protection agent is small, the natural taste of the nut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the natural ingredients of the nut kernels are prevented from being damaged by excessive additives. Compared with the traditional mode of soaking and protecting color, the method greatly reduces the contact of the nut kernels and water liquid, the nut kernels after color protection treatment do not need to be dried, or the time of drying treatment is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

And the nitrogen is used as a carrier, so that the effect of conveying the color fixative is achieved, the nut kernels in the color protection treatment process are completely wrapped by the nitrogen, the nut kernels are prevented from contacting with external air, and an aseptic color protection environment is created while the nut kernels are prevented from being oxidized.

The low-temperature nitrogen gas is temporarily stored in the first tank (the first tank is preferably provided with an insulating layer) through the first pipeline. Due to heat loss in the freezing process, although the temperature value of nitrogen in the first tank body is improved, the method is more suitable for performing low-temperature cooling on nut kernels during decoloring treatment, and therefore secondary utilization of low-temperature nitrogen energy is achieved.

The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the nut kernels subjected to endothelium removal is maintained to the maximum extent.

And finally, the conveying channel is cylindrical, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder, the nitrogen carries the color protection agent molecules to move along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, so that an aggregation effect is formed, and the distribution of the color protection agent molecules in the radial direction of the color protection cylinder is more uniform. And the conveying channel is maintained in a negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa during work, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the color protection cylinder (in the conveying channel) are further uniformly distributed, and the nut kernels are colored more uniformly.

Further, a filtering device for filtering nitrogen is arranged on the first pipeline.

The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module.

Further, in the axial direction (conveying passage direction) of the color protection cylinder, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged.

furthermore, the lower end of the color protection cylinder of the conveying channel is provided with a feeding hole, the upper end of the color protection cylinder is provided with a discharging hole, and the nuts move from bottom to top under the pushing of the conveying auger.

the nut kernel moves from bottom to top, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the nut kernel and the color protection cylinder are vertical, and the color fixative continuously settles under the action of self gravity, thereby greatly improving the attachment probability of the color fixative, namely improving the efficiency of the color protection treatment process.

Furthermore, on a projection cross section containing the central axis of the color protection cylinder, the air inlet is obliquely and downwards arranged, and nitrogen sprayed out from the air inlet is obliquely and downwards sprayed to the nut kernels on the conveying auger.

further, carry the auger still including around the helical blade that central axis body spiral coiled the setting, the last distributing of helical blade has the bleeder vent. The air holes are densely distributed, so that atomized color fixative molecules can contact the nut kernels from the lower part of the spiral blade through the air holes, and the nut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.

Further, the color fixative is a mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.

Further, the temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and used for detecting the temperature value of the nitrogen blown out of the color protection cylinder.

Preferably, the system further comprises a controller (such as a cpu, a single chip microcomputer, etc.), wherein the controller is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to a temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.

further, the atomization device is an ultrasonic atomization device. The elastic sheet is arranged in the solution of the color fixative.

Further, the device also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; and the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit sequentially through a pipeline.

Further, the recovery unit includes: and the tail end of a pipeline led out from the second pump body extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovered solution, a nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the liquid level of the recovered solution in the recovered container, and nitrogen filtered by the recovered solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port.

further, the recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the atomizing device and is used for conveying the color fixative into the atomizing device; and the nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the toner container and communicated with a second gas storage tank through a second pipeline, and the second gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.

the system further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.

wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.

Furthermore, the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.

the nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of a color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.

The nut kernel endothelium-removing color-protecting device disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, the atomized color protecting agent is used for protecting the color of the nut kernels with endothelium removed, the using amount of the color protecting agent is small, the natural taste of the nut kernels is kept to the greatest extent, the natural components of the nut kernels are prevented from being damaged by excessive additives, and the nut kernel endothelium-removing color-protecting device is healthier and more environment-friendly.

drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nut kernel de-endothelialization color protection device provided in example 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of air inlets uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection tube in embodiment 2.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a color protection subsystem in embodiment 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure washing and peeling mechanism in embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a freezing mechanism provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view AA in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view BB of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at D;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder and the freezing conveying auger in embodiment 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.