阅读说明：本技术 金镍钎料的热加工方法 (Hot working method of gold-nickel brazing filler metal ) 是由 王志江 耿怀亮 周佳磊 金英杰 许伊杰 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种金镍钎料的热加工方法,属于金属材料技术领域。其经过真空熔炼、软化退火、热旋锻加工、还原退火、成品拉制最终制得φ0.5~φ3.0mm的金镍钎料。本发明制得的金镍钎料表面光滑、圆润、无氧化物,用于铜、铂板氩弧焊焊接实验,发现合金润湿性良好,拉伸强度高。本发明采用热旋锻以提高加工效率,采用氢气保护退火以解决金镍合金表面氧化问题,具有加工周期短、钎料表面美观、产品质量稳定等优点。(The invention relates to a hot processing method of gold-nickel brazing filler metal, which belongs to the technical field of metal materials and is characterized in that the gold-nickel brazing filler metal with the diameter of 0.5 ~ mm 3.0mm is finally prepared through vacuum melting, softening annealing, hot rotary swaging processing, reduction annealing and finished product drawing.)

1. The hot processing method of the gold-nickel brazing filler metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) vacuum smelting, namely winding a pure nickel wire on a pure gold block, putting the pure nickel wire into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 30Pa, and casting the pure nickel wire into a water-cooled copper mold with the caliber of phi 18, 18 ~ and phi 22mm under the protection of inert gas after smelting for 0.5 ~ 1 hours;

(2) softening annealing, namely putting the ingot obtained in the step (1) into a hydrogen-introducing annealing furnace for softening annealing, wherein the annealing process comprises the steps of preserving heat at 690 ~ 710 ℃ for 0.5 ~ 1.5.5 h, cooling to 590 ~ 610 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 ~ 2.5.5 h, cooling to 490 ~ 510 ℃, preserving heat for 4.5 ~ 5.5.5 h, and cooling to room temperature;

(3) Hot rotary swaging, namely processing the cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to phi 0.55 ~ phi 3.1mm by using a continuous hot rotary swaging machine set;

(4) Reduction annealing, namely putting the wire material obtained in the step (3) into a hydrogen-introducing annealing furnace for reduction annealing, wherein the annealing temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃, and the annealing time is 20 ~ 50 min;

(5) and (5) drawing a finished product, namely cold drawing the wire material obtained in the step (4) by using a finished product size die to obtain a finished product gold-nickel brazing filler metal with the diameter of 0.50 ~ mm and the diameter of 3.0 mm.

2. The hot working method of gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the purities of the pure nickel wire and the pure gold block in the step (1) are both 99.99%, and the mass ratio of the pure nickel wire to the metal after winding is 2.5% ~ 18.5.5%.

3. The method for hot working gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas in the step (1) is argon gas or nitrogen gas, and the pressure is 1000 ~ 20000 Pa.

4. the method for hot working a gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen flow rate in the steps (2) and (4) is 0.5 ~ 1 mL/s.

5. The method for hot working gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) the continuous hot rotary swaging unit in the step (3) specifically comprises a plurality of groups of processing units and a group of take-up units which are sequentially connected.

6. The method for hot working gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 5, wherein: the processing unit comprises an atmosphere flame furnace (1), a rotary forging machine (2) and a wire drawing machine (3), which are connected in sequence.

7. The method for hot working gold-nickel brazing filler metal according to claim 5, wherein: the wire take-up unit comprises an annealing furnace (4), a wire drawing barrel (5), a wire coiling frame (6), a wire drawing die (8), an atmosphere protection pipe (9) and a rack (10); the frame (10) is provided with an annealing furnace (4), a wire drawing die (8) and a wire drawing barrel (5), and a wire coiling frame (6) is arranged in the wire drawing barrel (5); an atmosphere protection tube (9) is further arranged on the frame (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hot processing method of gold-nickel brazing filler metal, and belongs to the technical field of metal materials.

background

Gold-based solders have a long history of use, as have silver-based solders. Compared with silver-based solder, it has the advantages of strong corrosion resistance, low vapor pressure, good fluidity and wettability, etc. The gold-based brazing filler metal has small action degree with a base metal and good wettability. The high-temperature strength, extensibility, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the joint are good. The method is widely used for brazing high-vacuum series products.

The gold-nickel solder is used as a common noble metal brazing solder, wherein an alloy containing 5%, 9%, 10% and 16% of nickel is widely used as a light and medium load electric contact material, an alloy containing 17.5%, 18% and 45% of nickel is used as an electric vacuum solder, and AuNi18 is also widely used for aerospace and special welding of dissimilar metals.

In the traditional process production, because the gold-nickel alloy is very easy to generate oxidation reaction in the smelting and heat treatment processes, so that internal inclusions or surface oxidation is serious, vacuum smelting and vacuum annealing are usually adopted; and the processing hardening is very quick, so that the processing difficulty is high, cold processing is continued after multiple times of intermediate annealing softening, and the processing period is long.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the hot processing method of the gold-nickel brazing filler metal, and the method has the advantages of short processing period, attractive brazing filler metal surface, stable product quality and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the hot processing method of the gold-nickel brazing filler metal comprises the following steps:

(1) Vacuum smelting, namely winding a pure nickel wire on a pure gold block, putting the pure nickel wire into a vacuum induction furnace for smelting, wherein the vacuum degree is less than 30Pa, and casting the pure nickel wire into a water-cooled copper mold with the caliber of phi 18, 18 ~ and phi 22mm under the protection of inert gas after smelting for 0.5 ~ 1 hours;

(2) Softening annealing, namely putting the ingot obtained in the step (1) into a hydrogen-introducing annealing furnace for softening annealing, wherein the annealing process comprises the steps of preserving heat at 690 ~ 710 ℃ for 0.5 ~ 1.5.5 h, cooling to 590 ~ 610 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 ~ 2.5.5 h, cooling to 490 ~ 510 ℃, preserving heat for 4.5 ~ 5.5.5 h, and cooling to room temperature;

(3) Hot rotary swaging, namely processing the cast ingot obtained in the step (2) to phi 0.55 ~ phi 3.1mm by using a continuous hot rotary swaging machine set;

(4) reduction annealing, namely putting the wire material obtained in the step (3) into a hydrogen-introducing annealing furnace for reduction annealing, wherein the annealing temperature is 300 ~ 500 ℃, and the annealing time is 20 ~ 50 min;

(5) and (5) drawing a finished product, namely cold drawing the wire material obtained in the step (4) by using a finished product size die to obtain a finished product gold-nickel brazing filler metal with the diameter of 0.50 ~ mm and the diameter of 3.0 mm.

Furthermore, the purities of the pure nickel wire and the pure gold block in the step (1) are both 99.99%, and the pure nickel wire accounts for ~ 18.5.5% of the mass ratio of the wound metal, namely 2.5%.

Further, the inert gas in the step (1) is argon or nitrogen, and the pressure is 1000 ~ 20000 Pa.

Further, the hydrogen flow rate in step (2) and step (4) was 0.5 ~ 1 mL/s.

further, the continuous hot rotary swaging unit in the step (3) specifically comprises a plurality of groups of processing units and a group of wire collecting units which are sequentially connected.

the processing unit comprises an atmosphere flame furnace, a small-sized rotary forging machine and a wire drawing machine which are sequentially connected.

The wire take-up unit comprises an annealing furnace, a wire drawing barrel, a wire coiling frame, a wire drawing die, an atmosphere protection pipe and a rack; the frame is provided with an annealing furnace, a wire drawing die and a wire drawing barrel, and a wire coiling frame is arranged in the wire drawing barrel; an atmosphere protection tube is further arranged on the machine frame.

the invention has the beneficial effects that: the gold-nickel brazing filler metal prepared by the method has smooth and round surface and no oxide, is used for argon arc welding experiments of copper and platinum plates, and has good alloy wettability and high tensile strength. According to the invention, hot rotary swaging is adopted to improve the processing efficiency, and the gold-nickel brazing filler metal with different wire diameters is produced by increasing or decreasing the number of processing units in a continuous hot rotary swaging unit; the hydrogen protection annealing is adopted to solve the problem of oxidation of the surface of the gold-nickel alloy, and the method has the advantages of short processing period, attractive brazing filler metal surface, stable product quality and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a continuous hot rotary swaging apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the continuous hot swaging unit.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an atmosphere flame furnace; 2. a rotary swaging machine; 3. a wire drawing machine; 4. an annealing furnace; 5. a wire drawing barrel; 6. coiling a wire frame; 7. wire material; 8. drawing a wire die; 9. an atmosphere protection tube; 10. and a frame.

Detailed Description