阅读说明：本技术 一种新型板结皮革文物回软剂及其制备方法 (Novel hardened leather cultural relic softening agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 雷凯鑫 孙丽娟 于 2021-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种新型板结皮革文物回软剂,由羊毛脂、司班-80、硅油和蒸馏水组成,且质量比例为10.0～10.2：1.0～1.2：1.5～1.6：50～55。所述回软剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤,按比例称取相应质量的羊毛脂、司班-80、硅油倒入一个烧杯中,再少量多次倒入蒸馏水,用玻璃棒持续搅拌充分乳化呈现均匀的体系,即可完成回软剂的制备。本发明中的皮革文物回软剂中使用羊毛脂,可以很好地渗透进入皮革内部,填充于纤维空隙之中,使皮革的柔软度、含脂量、光泽感等得到明显的改善,同时天然油脂绿色环保,并且不会对文物造成污染和破坏,而且文物的质量、柔软度、光泽度等性能都得到了明显的改善,可以为板结皮革文物的回软保护提供一定的辅助作用。(The invention provides a novel hardening leather cultural relic softener, which consists of lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, and the mass ratio is 10.0-10.2: 1.0-1.2: 1.5-1.6: 50-55. The preparation method of the softening agent comprises the following steps of weighing lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil with corresponding mass according to a proportion, pouring the lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil into a beaker, pouring a small amount of distilled water into the beaker for multiple times, and continuously stirring the mixture by a glass rod to fully emulsify the mixture to form a uniform system, thus finishing the preparation of the softening agent. The lanolin is used in the leather cultural relic softener, can well permeate into leather and fill fiber gaps, so that the softness, fat content, gloss and the like of the leather are obviously improved, meanwhile, the natural grease is green and environment-friendly, the cultural relic cannot be polluted and damaged, the quality, softness, gloss and other properties of the cultural relic are obviously improved, and a certain auxiliary effect can be provided for softening protection of hardened leather cultural relics.)

1. A novel hardening leather cultural relic softening agent is characterized in that: the softening agent consists of lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, wherein the mass ratio of the lanolin to the span-80 to the silicone oil to the distilled water is 10.0-10.2: 1.0-1.2: 1.5-1.6: 50-55.

2. The novel hardened leather cultural relic softener as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lanolin is natural grease, and the natural grease penetrates into the hardened leather to fill gaps among fibers to achieve softening effect;

the span-80 is an emulsifier and is used for accelerating the permeation speed of the softening agent in the hardened leather and improving the absorption rate.

3. The preparation method of the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, weighing lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil with corresponding mass according to the proportion, respectively placing the lanolin, the span-80 and the silicone oil in a beaker, and then weighing distilled water with the proportion for later use;

s2, pouring lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil into a beaker, pouring a small amount of distilled water into the beaker, and continuously stirring the mixture by using a glass rod until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system;

s3, pouring a small amount of distilled water into the beaker after the stirring in the S2 is finished, continuously stirring until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system, and repeating the stirring until the measured distilled water is used up, thus finishing the preparation of the softening agent.

4. The preparation method of the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener according to claim 3, wherein a small amount of distilled water is 5-8 ml of distilled water.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of leather softening agents, and particularly relates to a novel hardened leather cultural relic softening agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

For the softening of hardened leather cultural relics, the flaxseed oil and the glycerin are used for carrying out softening protection on the hardened leather, research and analysis are carried out on the leather before and after softening through methods such as infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, visual evaluation and the like, the linseed oil and the glycerol have obvious softening effect on the hardened leather, the thermal stability of the leather after being softened is improved, but the infrared spectrum shows that the chemical components of the leather are changed to a certain degree, and three materials of silicone oil, BML and Klucel G are used for softening protection of leather bags and belts, wherein BML is a leather finishing agent developed in Daying museum and prepared by lanolin, cedar oil and diethyl ether, experimental results show that the silicone oil has the most obvious effect of softening the crust leather cultural relics, secondly, Klucel G and BML are used, but the silicone oil has irreversibility, and the application of the silicone oil in cultural relic protection has certain limitation.

In recent years, various compound fatting agents appear in modification research of natural grease, lecithin, lanolin and castor oil are modified, and then a softening agent is prepared to protect the softening of the knotted cattle leather. However, the modified material has a certain limitation in the use in the protection of the cultural relics, so the modified material is less in practical application.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel hardening leather cultural relic softener and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener comprises lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, wherein the mass ratio of the lanolin to the span-80 to the silicone oil to the distilled water is 10.0-10.2: 1.0-1.2: 1.5-1.6: 50-55.

Furthermore, the lanolin is natural grease which permeates into the hardened leather and is filled between fiber gaps to play a softening role;

the span-80 is an emulsifier and is used for accelerating the permeation speed of the softening agent in the hardened leather and improving the absorption rate.

A preparation method of a novel hardened leather cultural relic softening agent comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil with corresponding mass according to the proportion, respectively placing the lanolin, the span-80 and the silicone oil in a beaker, and then weighing distilled water with the proportion for later use;

s2, pouring lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil into a beaker, pouring a small amount of distilled water into the beaker, and continuously stirring the mixture by using a glass rod until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system;

s3, pouring a small amount of distilled water into the beaker after the stirring in the S2 is finished, continuously stirring until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system, and repeating the stirring until the measured distilled water is used up, thus finishing the preparation of the softening agent.

Further, the small amount of distilled water is 5-8 ml of distilled water.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention uses natural grease in the leather cultural relic softener, the natural grease is not easy to volatilize when the softening protection is carried out, the performance of the natural grease and the performance of the leather are more approximate, the natural grease can well permeate into the leather and is filled in the fiber gaps, the softness, the fat content, the luster and the like of the leather are obviously improved, meanwhile, the natural grease is green and environment-friendly, the cultural relic can not be polluted and damaged, the popularization and the application of the softener are facilitated, the softener is used for carrying out the softening protection on the heat aging leather sample, the buried aging leather sample and the leather cultural relic unearthed from the Xinjiang black mountain area, the quality, the softness, the luster and the like of the sample and the cultural relic are obviously improved, the fibers of the leather are fluffy and full, the gaps among the fibers are reduced, the arrangement is tight and ordered, the softener is proved to have good softening effect on the plate crusted cultural relic, can provide a certain auxiliary effect for the softening protection of hardened leather cultural relics.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a heat-aged leather sample before softening in Experimental example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a heat-aged leather sample of Experimental example 1 of the present invention after softening;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of the ultra depth of field before softening of a buried aged leather sample in Experimental example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of the ultra-depth of field after softening of the buried aged leather sample in Experimental example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the depth of field before the leather cultural relics on the ancient sites of black mountain in Xinjiang in Experimental example 3 of the present invention are softened;

FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the super depth of field of the leather cultural relics on the ancient sites of black mountain in Xinjiang in Experimental example 3 of the present invention after they are softened.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener comprises lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, wherein the mass ratio of the lanolin to the span-80 to the silicone oil to the distilled water is 10.0: 1.0: 1.5: 50.

the lanolin is natural grease, and the natural grease penetrates into the hardened leather and is filled in gaps among fibers to play a softening role.

The span-80 is an emulsifier and is used for accelerating the permeation speed of the softening agent in the hardened leather and improving the absorption rate.

The silicone oil is a softener, and can make the fibers in the leather cultural relics soft, fluffy and elastic.

Distilled water is used as solvent to dissolve lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil.

Embodiment 2, different from embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener comprises lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, wherein the mass ratio of the lanolin to the span-80 to the silicone oil to the distilled water is 10.1: 1.1: 1.5: 52.

embodiment 3, different from embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the novel hardened leather cultural relic softener comprises lanolin, span-80, silicone oil and distilled water, wherein the mass ratio of the lanolin to the span-80 to the silicone oil to the distilled water is 10.2: 1.2: 1.6: 55.

embodiment 4, the invention provides a technical scheme, and a preparation method of a novel hardened leather cultural relic softening agent, which comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil with corresponding mass according to the proportion in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, respectively placing the lanolin, the span-80 and the silicone oil in a beaker, and then weighing distilled water with a proportional amount for later use;

s2, pouring lanolin, span-80 and silicone oil into a beaker, pouring a small amount of distilled water, specifically 5-8 ml of distilled water, into the beaker, and continuously stirring the mixture by using a glass rod until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system;

s3, pouring 5-8 ml of distilled water into the beaker after the stirring in the S2 is finished, continuously stirring until the raw materials are fully emulsified to form a uniform system, and repeating the steps until the measured distilled water is used up, thereby finishing the preparation of the softening agent.

Experimental example 1, the softening agent in example 1 is used for softening protection operation of a heat-aged sample;

1) cutting a sample block with the size of about 2.0cm multiplied by 0.3cm on a heat-aged leather sample, then photographing and weighing the aged leather sample, measuring the size and the softness, and recording data;

2) uniformly spraying a small amount of 2A solution on the surface of a leather sample, wherein the 2A solution is prepared by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, standing for 20-30 minutes, dipping the softening agent on the surface of the leather by a soft brush for a plurality of times in a small amount, and brushing the softening agent on the surface of the leather until the surface is covered with a layer of softening agent;

3) after the softening agent is completely permeated, wiping off the residual softening agent on the surface, weighing, wherein the permeation time is about 1 day, repeating the softening operation for 4 times to reach saturation, and measuring the mass, the size and the softness of the sample;

4) cutting a sample block of about 2.0cm multiplied by 0.3cm into a sealed bag for detecting the softening effect.

The comparison map is shown in detail in fig. 1 and 2;

the following table shows the parameter changes before and after the heat-aged leather sample softens

From FIG. 1, it can be seen that the leather sample before softening back had disordered fiber arrangement, severe adhesion between the fibers and large voids.

From fig. 2, it can be seen that the leather sample after softening back has full and glossy fibers, close and orderly arrangement, obviously improved adhesion and reduced gaps.

From table 1, it can be seen that the quality, softness, size, etc. of the leather sample after softening are recovered to a certain extent, thus proving that the hardened leather fiber structure, quality, softness, size, etc. protected by the softening agent are obviously improved, the orderliness and stability of the leather fiber mesh structure are improved, and the leather sample is well softened.

Experimental example 2, the softening agent in example 1 performs softening protection operation on a buried aging sample;

1) cutting a sample block with the size of about 2.0cm multiplied by 0.3cm on the buried aged sample, then photographing and weighing the aged leather sample, measuring the softness, and recording data;

2) uniformly spraying a small amount of 2A solution on the surface of a leather sample, standing for 20-30 minutes, in order to slow down the volatilization speed of the 2A solution and fully stretch fibers in the leather, placing the leather sample in a watch glass and storing the leather sample by using a valve bag with a small hole, wherein the hardening degree of the buried and aged sample is serious, so that the leather needs to be repeatedly sprayed again after the 2A solution permeates until the leather is obviously softened, dipping a softener by using a soft brush for a small amount of times, and brushing the softener on the surface of the leather until the surface is covered by a thin softener layer;

3) after the softening agent is completely permeated, wiping off the residual softening agent on the surface, weighing, wherein the permeation time is about 1 day, repeating the softening operation until the leather reaches a saturated state, and measuring the quality and the softness of the sample;

4) cutting a sample block of about 2.0cm multiplied by 0.3cm into a sealed bag for detecting the softening effect.

The comparison map is shown in detail in fig. 3 and 4;

the following table shows the parameter changes before and after the embedded aged leather sample softens

As shown in FIG. 3, the fibers of the leather sample before re-softening adhered to each other, the voids between the fibers were large, and the leather was relatively flat as a whole.

As shown in fig. 4, the leather sample after softening back had fluffy and full fibers, reduced the voids between the fiber structures, and the leather recovered some gloss.

As shown in the table, the quality and the softness of the leather sample are recovered to a certain degree, and the softening agent is proved to be capable of effectively improving the adhesion condition of leather fibers, reducing gaps among the fibers, and effectively recovering the quality, the softness, the luster, the flexibility and the like of the leather.

Experimental example 3, the softening agent in example 1 is used for softening and protecting leather cultural relics unearthed at sites of black mountains in Xinjiang;

1) firstly, using a soft brush and a writing brush to brush off pollutants on the surface of the leather lightly to avoid influencing the permeation of a subsequent softening agent, inclining the brush by 45-50 degrees in the cleaning process, cleaning along the same direction to avoid back-and-forth friction, simultaneously cleaning off the pollutants brushed off by matching with an ear washing ball, and continuously repeating the process to clean up the pollutants on the surface of the cultural relic little by little;

2) after the cultural relic cleaning work is finished, microscopic observation and analysis are carried out on the cultural relic by using the super depth of field, original data are reserved, the 2A solution is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the leather, attention is paid to control during spraying, the 2A solution is uniformly covered on the surface of the leather but the phenomenon of flowing cannot occur, in order to prevent the 2A solution from volatilizing too fast, the leather needs to be placed in a sealing bag for standing, the 2A solution is waited to permeate into the leather gradually, hardened leather fibers are unfolded, and the penetration of a subsequent softening agent is facilitated. Since the cultural relics are sewn by a plurality of layers of leather, the cultural relics need to wait for the 2A solution to permeate and then repeatedly spray the solution to the fiber for spreading.

3) The leather sprayed with the 2A solution is not only spread with internal fibers, but also softened for orthopedic work, and the original radian of the leather needs to be kept during orthopedic work, and the wrinkled parts are orthopedic only by using a sand bag.

4) And (3) softening the leather after finishing the shape correction, dipping the softening agent by using a soft brush during softening, and brushing the softening agent on the surface of the leather to uniformly cover a thin layer of the softening agent on the surface of the cultural relic, wherein a small amount of the softening agent is needed for many times during operation, so that the phenomenon that the surface of the cultural relic is greasy due to excessive consumption of the softening agent is avoided.

Because the penetration of the softening agent needs a period of about one day, in order to avoid the premature drying of the softening agent, the leather needs to be placed in a self-sealing bag with holes for waiting for the gradual penetration of the softening agent, the quality of the leather is measured after the penetration is finished, the second softening operation is carried out, and the softening operation is repeated until the quality of the leather is hardly changed, namely, the saturated state is reached. And after the protection work is finished, the cultural relics are subjected to microscopic observation by using the super depth of field again, and are contrastively analyzed with the microstructure before softening, so that the softening effect of the cultural relics is explored, and the conclusion is obtained.

The comparison graph of the softening effect is shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6;

the leather fibers before softening are shriveled, disordered in arrangement and large in gaps among the fibers. The softened leather fibers become full and rich in luster, gaps among the fibers are reduced, and the mass change rate of the leather cultural relics reaches 14.0 percent after the plate-bonded leather cultural relics are protected by using the softening agent. The softening agent is proved to be capable of effectively permeating and filling between hardened leather fibers, the leather fibers after softening become full, gaps among the fibers are reduced to some extent, softness, quality and luster of the leather are recovered to a certain degree, a good softening effect is achieved on the plate-bonded leather cultural relics, and a certain auxiliary effect can be provided for the softening protection of the plate-bonded leather cultural relics.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.