阅读说明：本技术 全自动螺栓球加工中心及其加工方法 (Full-automatic bolt ball machining center and machining method thereof ) 是由 曹伟 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全自动螺栓球加工中心,设备框架内部设有至少一组B轴,所述C轴和D轴均安装在对应的B轴上,所述B轴的中心与工件的中心重合,同时B轴圆弧垂直于此工件球面圆周线,所述A轴沿B轴圆弧移动；所述O轴、X轴和Y轴均安装于Z轴上,所述X轴和Y轴可单独移动或插补运动,所述O轴为刀具轴,带动刀具正反转和转速控制。本发明无需提前加工安装底孔,降低了生产费用。两把刀具同时加工,且每把刀具均可一次性实现铣面、钻孔、铣螺纹等工艺要求。可降低加工过程中换刀的频率,缩短加工时间,提高加工精度。控制器可以接收网络传输工件参数,可实现自动装夹,自动调整工件姿态,自动下料,实现无人化生产车间。(The invention discloses a full-automatic bolt ball machining center.A device frame is internally provided with at least one group of B shafts, the C shaft and the D shaft are both arranged on the corresponding B shafts, the center of the B shaft is superposed with the center of a workpiece, meanwhile, the arc of the B shaft is vertical to the spherical circumferential line of the workpiece, and the A shaft moves along the arc of the B shaft; the O shaft, the X shaft and the Y shaft are all installed on the Z shaft, the X shaft and the Y shaft can move independently or move in an interpolation mode, the O shaft is a cutter shaft and drives the cutter to rotate forwards and backwards and control the rotating speed. The invention does not need to process the mounting bottom hole in advance, thereby reducing the production cost. The two cutters are simultaneously machined, and each cutter can meet the process requirements of face milling, drilling, thread milling and the like at one time. The frequency of tool changing in the machining process can be reduced, the machining time is shortened, and the machining precision is improved. The controller can receive parameters of the network transmission workpiece, can realize automatic clamping, automatic adjustment of workpiece posture, automatic blanking and unmanned production workshop.)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic bolt ball machining center, includes equipment frame (1), O axle (2), X axle (3), Y axle (4), Z axle (5), C axle (8) and D axle (9), its characterized in that: an A shaft (6) and at least one group of B shafts (7) are arranged in the equipment frame (1), the C shaft (8) and the D shaft (9) are both installed on the corresponding B shafts (7), the center of the B shaft (7) coincides with the center of a workpiece (10) and is used for moving a cutter along or parallel to the spherical circumference of the workpiece (10), the arc of the B shaft (7) is perpendicular to the spherical circumference of the workpiece (10), the A shaft (6) moves along the arc of the B shaft (7), the cutter can always face the center of the workpiece (10) in the moving process, and the X shaft (3) and the Y shaft (4) can always face the center of the workpiece at the stroke middle points;

z axle (5) are installed on A axle (6) for the distance of control cutter and work piece (10) centre of sphere, O axle (2), X axle (3) and Y axle (4) are all installed on Z axle (5), X axle (3) and Y axle (4) can remove alone or interpolation motion, the offset of control cutter and work piece (10) centre of sphere, O axle (2) are the cutter axle, drive cutter positive and negative rotation and rotational speed control.

2. The full-automatic bolt ball machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side of the equipment frame (1) is provided with a stable and sealed outer frame to prevent the environment from being polluted by the splashing of cutting fluid, and the equipment frame (1) can be installed in a mode of being vertical to the ground or not being vertical to the ground.

3. The full-automatic bolt ball machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one group of rotary bases are installed in the equipment frame (1), the B shaft (7) is installed on the rotary bases, and the rotary bases are fixed on a mounting seat (11) in the middle of the upper end of the equipment frame (1).

4. The full-automatic bolt ball machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: the O shaft (2) is a cutter shaft, drives the cutter to rotate forwards and reversely and controls the rotating speed, and can be matched with a shaft position locking unit, an automatic lubricating unit, an automatic chip removing unit, an automatic feeding and discharging unit and a cooling unit.

5. The machining method of the full-automatic bolt ball machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, returning each axis to the original point;

s2, taking materials by a manipulator and detecting a gauge;

s3, adjusting the stroke of a D shaft (9), feeding by a manipulator, clamping by a clamp, setting a longitude and latitude origin, calling a processing parameter group, and detecting the specification of a cutter or changing the cutter;

s4, an A shaft (6) and a B shaft (7) move to the machining simultaneously, the position is required by parameters, cooling water is turned on, an O shaft (2) is started, a Z shaft (5) fast forwards, the Z shaft (5) slow forwards, an X shaft (3) and a Y shaft (4) interpolate and mill planes, the Z shaft (5) fast backwards, the X shaft (3) and the Y shaft (4) return to original points, and the Z shaft (5) slowly drills holes to reach the depth of a bottom hole;

s5, interpolating an X shaft (3) and a Y shaft (4) and retreating a Z shaft (5) to mill threads, after the threads are milled, returning the X shaft (3) and the Y shaft (4) to the original points, quickly retreating the Z shaft (5) to the original points, closing cooling water and an O shaft (2), finishing hole machining, calling a machining parameter set, and detecting dead zones of an A shaft (6) and a B shaft (7).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining centers, and particularly relates to a full-automatic bolt ball machining center and a machining method.

Background

The full-automatic bolt ball machining center is applied to bolt ball production, and meets the production requirements of milling planes, drilling and milling threads for the bolt balls. The prior full-automatic bolt ball machining center can generate interference when a next hole position of a workpiece is machined, and the full-automatic bolt ball machining center still needs to wait for or adjust a program and change a tool when the full-automatic bolt ball machining center runs to a dead zone position, so that the working efficiency is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a full-automatic bolt ball machining center and a machining method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a full-automatic bolt ball machining center comprises an equipment frame, an O shaft, an X shaft, a Y shaft, a Z shaft, a C shaft and a D shaft, wherein the equipment frame is internally provided with the A shaft and at least one group of B shafts, the C shaft and the D shafts are both arranged on the corresponding B shafts, the centers of the B shafts are superposed with the center of a workpiece and used for moving a cutter along or parallel to the circumferential line of the spherical surface of the workpiece, meanwhile, the arc of the B shaft is vertical to the circumferential line of the spherical surface of the workpiece, the A shaft moves along the arc of the B shaft, the cutter can always face the center of the workpiece in the moving process, and the X shaft and the Y shaft can always face the center of the workpiece at the stroke midpoint;

the Z shaft is arranged on the A shaft and used for controlling the distance between the cutter and the spherical center of the workpiece, the O shaft, the X shaft and the Y shaft are all arranged on the Z shaft, the X shaft and the Y shaft can independently move or move in an interpolation mode to control the offset of the cutter and the spherical center of the workpiece, and the O shaft is a cutter shaft and drives the cutter to rotate forwards and backwards and control the rotating speed.

The outer side of the equipment frame is provided with a stable and sealed outer frame to prevent the environment from being polluted by the splashing of the cutting fluid, and the equipment frame can be installed in a mode of being vertical to the ground or not being vertical to the ground.

At least one group of rotating bases are installed in the equipment frame, the shaft B is installed on the rotating bases, and the rotating bases are fixed on the installation base in the middle of the upper end of the equipment frame.

The O shaft is a cutter shaft, drives the cutter to rotate forwards and backwards and control the rotating speed, and can be matched with a shaft position locking unit, an automatic lubricating unit, an automatic chip removing unit, an automatic feeding and discharging unit and a cooling unit.

A processing method of a full-automatic bolt ball processing center specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, returning each axis to the original point;

s2, taking materials by a manipulator and detecting a gauge;

s3, adjusting the stroke of a D shaft, feeding by a manipulator, clamping by a clamp, setting a longitude and latitude original point, calling a processing parameter group, and detecting the specification of a cutter or changing the cutter;

s4, the axis A and the axis B move to the position required by machining and parameters, cooling water is turned on, the axis O is started, the axis Z is fast advanced and slow advanced, the milling plane is interpolated by the axis X and the axis Y, the axis Z is fast retracted, the axis X and the axis Y return to the original point, the drilling hole is slowly advanced by the axis Z, and the depth of the bottom hole is reached;

and S5, interpolating the X shaft and the Y shaft and milling the threads by retreating the Z shaft, after the threads are milled, returning the X shaft and the Y shaft to the original points, quickly retreating the Z shaft to the original points, closing the cooling water and the O shaft, finishing hole machining, calling a machining parameter group, and detecting the dead zones of the A shaft and the B shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the full-automatic bolt ball machining center and the machining method thereof, the installation bottom hole does not need to be machined in advance, and the production cost is reduced. The two cutters are simultaneously machined, and each cutter can meet the process requirements of face milling, drilling, thread milling and the like at one time. The frequency of tool changing in the machining process can be reduced, and the machining time is shortened. Each hole is processed by a cutter at one time, and the process of returning and changing the cutter is not needed, so that the hole position precision is absolutely ensured. The tool magazine is provided, so that the tool changing does not need manual participation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the respective shafts of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. equipment frame, 2, O axis; 3. an X axis; 4. a Y axis; 5. a Z axis; 6. an A axis; 7. a B axis; 8. a C axis; 9. a D axis; 10. a workpiece; 11. and (7) mounting a seat.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1: the invention provides a full-automatic bolt ball machining center as shown in fig. 1-2, which comprises an equipment frame 1, an O shaft 2, an X shaft 3, a Y shaft 4, a Z shaft 5, a C shaft 8 and a D shaft 9, wherein the equipment frame 1 is internally provided with the A shaft 6 and at least one group of B shafts 7, the C shaft 8 and the D shaft 9 are both arranged on the corresponding B shafts 7, the center of the B shaft 7 is superposed with the center of a workpiece 10 and used for moving a cutter along or parallel to the spherical circumference of the workpiece 10, meanwhile, the circular arc of the B shaft 7 is vertical to the spherical circumference of the workpiece 10, the A shaft 6 moves along the circular arc of the B shaft 7, the cutter can always face the center of the workpiece 10 in the moving process, and the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 can always face the center of the workpiece at the middle point of the stroke;

the Z shaft 5 is arranged on the A shaft 6 and used for controlling the distance between a cutter and the sphere center of the workpiece 10, the O shaft 2, the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 are all arranged on the Z shaft 5, the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 can independently move or move in an interpolation mode to control the offset of the cutter and the sphere center of the workpiece 10, and the O shaft 2 is a cutter shaft and drives the cutter to rotate forwards and backwards and control the rotating speed.

The outer side of the equipment frame 1 is provided with a stable and sealed outer frame to prevent the environment from being polluted by the splashing of the cutting fluid, and the equipment frame 1 can be installed in a mode of being vertical to the ground or not being vertical to the ground.

At least one group of rotary bases are installed in the equipment frame 1, the B shaft 7 is installed on the rotary bases, and the rotary bases are fixed on an installation base 11 in the middle of the upper end of the equipment frame 1.

The O shaft 2 is a cutter shaft, drives the cutter to rotate forwards and backwards and control the rotating speed, and can be matched with a shaft position locking unit, an automatic lubricating unit, an automatic chip removing unit, an automatic feeding and discharging unit and a cooling unit.

A processing method of a full-automatic bolt ball processing center specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, returning each axis to the original point;

s2, taking materials by a manipulator and detecting a gauge;

s3, adjusting the stroke of a D shaft 9, feeding by a manipulator, clamping by a clamp, setting a longitude and latitude original point, calling a processing parameter group, and detecting the specification of a cutter or changing the cutter;

s4, the shaft A6 and the shaft B7 move to be machined simultaneously, parameters require positions, and the parameters comprise the sphere diameter, the hole number, the thread specification, longitude data, latitude data, the milling surface depth and the like, cooling water is turned on, the shaft O2 is started, the shaft Z5 is fast advanced, the shaft Z5 is slow advanced, the milling surfaces of the shaft X3 and the shaft Y4 are interpolated, the shaft Z5 is fast retracted, the shaft X3 and the shaft Y4 return to the original points, and the shaft Z5 is slow-advanced to drill holes to reach the bottom hole depth;

and S5, interpolating the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 and retreating the Z shaft 5 to mill threads, after the threads are milled, returning the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 to the original points, quickly retreating the Z shaft 5 to the original points, closing the cooling water and the O shaft 2, finishing hole machining, calling a machining parameter set, and detecting dead zones of the A shaft 6 and the B shaft 7.

Non-dead zone: detecting the specification of a cutter or changing the cutter, simultaneously moving the shaft A6 and the shaft B7 to the position required by the machining parameters, and opening cooling water;

starting an O axis 2, quickly advancing a Z axis 5, slowly advancing the Z axis 5, interpolating and milling planes of an X axis 3 and a Y axis 4, quickly retreating the Z axis 5, and returning the X axis 3 and the Y axis 4 to original points;

and slowly drilling a Z shaft 5 to reach the depth of a bottom hole, interpolating an X shaft 3 and a Y shaft 4 and retreating a Z shaft 5 to mill threads, finishing milling the threads, returning the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 to the original points, quickly returning the Z shaft 5 to the original points, closing cooling water and an O shaft 2, finishing hole machining, circulating until parameter group distribution is finished, returning each shaft to the original point, and waiting for taking a workpiece.

Dead zone: waiting for finishing opposite machining, judging that a dead zone can be adjusted by a C shaft 8, rotating the C shaft 8, detecting the specification of a cutter or changing the cutter, moving an A shaft 6 and a B shaft 7 to positions required by machining parameters at the same time, opening cooling water, starting an O shaft 2, quickly advancing a Z shaft 5, slowly advancing the Z shaft 5, interpolating and milling planes of an X shaft 3 and a Y shaft 4, quickly retreating the Z shaft 5, returning the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 to the original points, slowly advancing the Z shaft 5 to drill holes to reach the depth of a bottom hole, interpolating the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 and retreating and milling threads of the Z shaft 5, finishing thread milling, returning the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 to the original points, quickly retreating the Z shaft 5 to the original points, closing the cooling water and the O shaft 2, finishing hole machining, circulating until parameter group distribution is finished, returning each shaft to the original points, and waiting for taking a workpiece;

dead zone: waiting for finishing opposite machining, judging that a dead zone can not be adjusted on a C shaft 8, replacing a position changing cutter, quickly advancing a Z shaft 5, slowly advancing the Z shaft 5, entering a position changing cutter hole, opening cooling water, locking the position changing cutter, slightly retreating a D shaft 9 to loosen a clamp, simultaneously moving an A shaft 6 and a B shaft 7 to machining parameter required positions, advancing and clamping the D shaft 9, closing the cooling water, unlocking the position changing cutter, slowly retreating the Z shaft 5 to separate the cutter from a workpiece, quickly retreating the Z shaft 5 to an original point, replacing the machining cutter, simultaneously moving the A shaft 6 and the B shaft 7 to the machining parameter required positions, opening the cooling water, starting an O shaft 2, quickly advancing the Z shaft 5, slowly advancing the Z shaft 5, interpolating and milling a plane on the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4, quickly retreating the Z shaft 5, returning the X shaft 3 and the Y shaft 4 to the original point, slowly advancing and drilling the Z shaft 5, reaching the depth of a bottom hole, interpolating and retreating the X shaft 3 and the Z shaft 5, completing milling of the X shaft 3, the position and the position of, And returning the Y shaft 4 to the original point, quickly returning the Z shaft 5 to the original point, closing the cooling water and the O shaft 2, finishing hole machining, circulating until parameter group distribution is finished, returning each shaft to the original point, and waiting for taking the parts.

Description of the axes:

o shaft 1: a rotating shaft; the electric spindle shaft drives the cutter to rotate.

X-axis 3: a linear shaft; directly drives the electric main shaft and the cutter to move along the direction of the longitude line. In combination with the Y-axis 4 to achieve a circle interpolation motion.

Y-axis 4: a linear shaft; directly drives the X-axis 3 to move along the weft direction. In combination with the X-axis 3 to achieve a circle interpolation motion.

Z axis 5: a linear shaft; directly drives the Y-axis 4 to move along the direction of the sphere center. The processing depth is mainly controlled.

An A shaft 6: a circular arc shaft; directly drives the O axis 1, the X axis 3, the Y axis 4 and the Z axis 5 to move along the warp direction. The method is mainly used for positioning the warp-wise processing angle parameters.

B, shaft 7: a rotating shaft; directly drives the O shaft 1, the X shaft 3, the Y shaft 4, the Z shaft 5 and the A shaft 6 to move along the weft direction. The method is mainly used for positioning the processing angle parameters of the weft direction.

C-axis 8: a rotating shaft; a clamp shaft rotating along the weft. The device is installed along the direction that the warp threads pass through the sphere center and is mainly used for rotating the workpiece along the direction of the weft threads so as to realize the indirect adjustment of the dead zone range of the B shaft 7.

D shaft 9: a linear shaft; the position of the spherical center of the workpieces with different diameters and the equipment are relatively unchanged by adjusting the stroke of the clamp shaft passing through the spherical center along the meridian.

The full-automatic bolt ball machining center is applied to bolt ball production, and meets the production requirements of milling planes, drilling and milling threads for the bolt balls. The bolt ball processing parameters are arranged by production technicians according to drawings, and the parameters comprise … … of ball diameter, hole number, < thread specification, longitude data, latitude data, milling depth and the like are recorded into a form to form an array, and the array is transmitted to equipment through a network. The equipment calculates the parameters of the tool and the clamping position according to the parameter array of each bolt ball through an algorithm and defines an absolute workpiece coordinate system and a relative workpiece coordinate system. In the machining process, the interference of the next hole position and the dead zone position are judged according to the coordinates of the workpiece, and the next hole position automatically enters a waiting or adjusting program and changes tools. The automatic material arranging and receiving device can be matched with a chip removal unit, an automatic material arranging unit and an automatic material sending and receiving unit, and unmanned production is realized. Through the cooperation of multi-module network and automatic feeding and discharging guide rail units, an unmanned production workshop can be realized.

To sum up, compared with the prior art:

1. the installation bottom hole does not need to be processed in advance, and the production cost is reduced.

2. The main shaft is provided with central high-pressure water outlet for cooling the cutting tool and the workpiece, and can also be used for driving the position-changing tool, so that the main shaft has two purposes of one water and reduces the investment.

3. The two cutters are simultaneously machined, and each cutter can meet the process requirements of face milling, drilling, thread milling and the like at one time.

4. The tool changing frequency in the machining process can be reduced by matching with the patent tool, and the machining time is shortened.

5. Because each hole is processed by a cutter at one time and a return tool changing process is not needed, the hole position precision is absolutely ensured.

6. The tool magazine is provided, so that the tool changing does not need manual participation.

7. And the data is driven, so that the processing can be quickly recovered when the processing is interrupted, and the reject ratio is reduced.

8. The processing efficiency is improved by about 300-400% compared with the common processing and by about 150-250% compared with a semi-automatic machine tool.

9. The multi-axis numerical control system is driven by data, the process is flexible, and the processing without dead zones in the global plane is realized.

10. In the process of taking the workpiece after machining is finished every time, the ball attitude data supports the workpiece, and the automatic printing of serial numbers on the milling plane can be realized.

11. The whole processing process is informationized, and production data recording and workpiece tracking are realized.

12. And the multi-module networking is adopted, and a terminal control computer is used for distributing processing tasks, optimizing production resources and reducing production cost.

13. Through automatic feeding and discharging and multi-module networking, a black light workshop can be realized.

14. The ball posture data support can realize automatic spraying and stacking by adjusting the ball posture to send the workpiece into a subsequent drying, coating production line and stacking line, and the turnover link is omitted.

15. And generating a packaging list by matching with the stacking line.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.