阅读说明：本技术 一种高声压传声器校准装置、系统以及方法 (High-sound-pressure microphone calibration device, system and method ) 是由 王凡 何龙标 李卉旻 乔杰 牛锋 于 2019-07-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种高声压传声器校准装置、系统以及方法,其中装置包括扬声器和耦合腔体,所述扬声器固定设置于所述耦合腔体的底部,形成扬声器后腔,所述耦合腔体由不同尺寸的管状腔体嵌套组成,包括共振管、过渡管和小管,所述共振管、所述过渡管和所述小管为同轴圆管声腔。本发明公开的一种高声压传声器校准装置、系统以及方法,解决了市面上常见校准装置声压级低、高声压下失真度高的问题,在总谐波失真不超过1％的条件下,校准声源声压级最高可达170dB,满足大部分高声压传声器的校准要求。(The invention discloses a device, a system and a method for calibrating a high-sound-pressure microphone, wherein the device comprises a loudspeaker and a coupling cavity, the loudspeaker is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the coupling cavity to form a rear cavity of the loudspeaker, the coupling cavity is formed by nesting tubular cavities with different sizes and comprises a resonance tube, a transition tube and a small tube, and the resonance tube, the transition tube and the small tube are coaxial circular tube sound cavities. The high-sound-pressure microphone calibration device, the high-sound-pressure microphone calibration system and the high-sound-pressure microphone calibration method solve the problems that a common calibration device in the market is low in sound pressure level and high in distortion degree under high sound pressure, the highest sound pressure level of a calibration sound source can reach 170dB under the condition that the total harmonic distortion does not exceed 1%, and the calibration requirements of most high-sound-pressure microphones are met.)

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device, characterized by: comprises a loudspeaker and a coupling cavity;

wherein the coupling cavities are composed of nesting tubular cavities of different sizes;

the loudspeaker is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the coupling cavity to form a loudspeaker rear cavity.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling cavity comprises a resonance tube, a transition tube and a small tube, and the resonance tube, the transition tube and the small tube are coaxial circular tube acoustic cavities;

the loudspeaker is arranged at the bottom in the resonance tube and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the resonance tube;

the top of the resonance tube is connected with the transition tube, the wall of the transition tube is provided with a reference microphone jack, and the top of the transition tube is provided with a calibration microphone jack;

the small pipe is fixed in the transition pipe, the upper half part of the small pipe is of a hollow pipe structure, and the lower half part of the small pipe is of a solid column structure.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sectional area of the resonance tube is larger than that of the sound pickup surface of the microphone, the sectional area of the transition tube is smaller than that of the resonance tube, and the sectional area of the small tube is equivalent to that of the sound pickup surface of the microphone.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length ratio of the hollow tube structure of the small tube to the solid column structure is 4: 6.

a high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 4, wherein: the resonance tube top with the transition bottom of the tube all is provided with the screw thread, through the screw thread carries out fixed connection.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 5, wherein: the small pipe is fixed on the transition pipe through a bracket, and the tail part of the solid column structure of the small pipe is arranged in the resonance pipe.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the resonance tube, the transition tube and the small tube are aluminum thin-wall tubes.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration system, characterized by: a high sound pressure microphone calibration device comprising the apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

a signal generator for outputting electrical signals of different frequency types;

the power amplifier is used for receiving the electric signal output by the signal generator and increasing the signal power so as to drive the loudspeaker to emit an acoustic signal;

a reference microphone;

calibrating the microphone;

a spring yoke for compacting the calibration microphone in the calibration microphone insertion hole to prevent acoustic leakage;

the data acquisition card is used for acquiring electrical signals from the reference microphone and the calibration microphone and converting the electrical signals into digital signals;

and the computer is provided with testing software with harmonic distortion and sound pressure level measuring functions and is used for processing the acquired signal values and data after real-time monitoring.

The high sound pressure microphone calibration system of claim 8, wherein: the spring yoke is a disc with a spring, a central hole is formed in the middle of the disc, the diameter of the central hole is smaller than that of the front calibration microphone, so that the calibration sensor is plugged in the central hole of the disc, and a small plug is arranged at the tail of the spring yoke and can be fixedly connected with the transition pipe of the high-sound-pressure microphone calibration device.

A high sound pressure microphone calibration method, characterized by using the high sound pressure microphone calibration system according to any of claims 8-9, comprising the steps of:

step 1: inserting a microphone to be calibrated into the calibrated microphone jack at the top of the transition pipe, and fixing the microphone firmly by using a spring yoke;

step 2: inserting a reference microphone into the reference microphone jack on the wall of the transition pipe, and fixing and sealing;

and step 3: connecting the calibration microphone and the reference microphone with a data acquisition card and a computer provided with test software with harmonic distortion and sound pressure level measurement functions;

and 4, step 4: the method comprises the steps of electrically connecting a loudspeaker with a power amplifier and a signal generator, opening the signal generator for signal source input, gradually increasing the output sound pressure level of the loudspeaker by adjusting the amplification times of an input signal and the power amplifier, and observing the measured sound pressure level of a reference microphone in computer measurement software to monitor the sound pressure value in a coupling cavity of a high-sound-pressure microphone calibration device;

and 5: firstly, adjusting the sound pressure level in the coupling cavity to be at a medium sound pressure, and carrying out sound pressure calibration on the calibration microphone by taking the sound pressure level measured by the reference microphone as a reference;

step 6: after sound pressure calibration is completed, the output sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is gradually increased to reach the sound pressure value meeting the test requirement, and at the moment, the distortion value of the calibration microphone can be measured to judge whether the technical index requirement is met.