阅读说明：本技术 空气弹簧及轨道车辆 (Air spring and railway vehicle ) 是由 马卫华 梁鑫 罗世辉 虞大联 冉令坤 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种空气弹簧及轨道车辆,该空气弹簧包括具有第一气室的第一气囊和位于第一气囊下方的外橡胶堆,还包括具有第二气室的第二气囊和隔离板,所述第二气囊位于所述第一气囊和所述外橡胶堆之间,所述第一气室和所述第二气室通过所述隔离板分隔,所述隔离板具有可启闭的孔部,所述孔部连通所述第一气室和所述第二气室。该空气弹簧的结构设计能够根据应用环境的变化调节刚度,减震效果好,能够提高整车的乘坐舒适性和平稳性。(The invention discloses an air spring and a railway vehicle, wherein the air spring comprises a first air bag with a first air chamber, an outer rubber pile positioned below the first air bag, a second air bag with a second air chamber and a partition plate, the second air bag is positioned between the first air bag and the outer rubber pile, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are separated through the partition plate, the partition plate is provided with a hole part which can be opened and closed, and the hole part is communicated with the first air chamber and the second air chamber. The structural design of the air spring can adjust the rigidity according to the change of the application environment, the damping effect is good, and the riding comfort and the stability of the whole vehicle can be improved.)

1. The air spring comprises a first air bag with a first air chamber and an outer rubber pile positioned below the first air bag, and is characterized by further comprising a second air bag with a second air chamber and a partition plate, wherein the second air bag is positioned between the first air bag and the outer rubber pile, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are separated through the partition plate, the partition plate is provided with a hole portion capable of being opened and closed, and the hole portion is communicated with the first air chamber and the second air chamber.

2. The air spring of claim 1, wherein an inner rubber mass is disposed within said second air chamber.

3. The air spring of claim 2, wherein a top portion of said inner rubber stack is fixedly attached to said isolator plate.

4. Air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer ring of the spacer plate is provided with a metal ring.

5. Air spring according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer circumference of the top end of the first air bag is provided with a metal strip.

6. The air spring of claim 5, wherein said metal strip is vulcanized to said first bladder.

7. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a thickness of 3 to 6mm, and/or the number of the hole portions is 3 to 8, and a plurality of the hole portions are uniformly arranged on the same circumference around the center of the air spring, and/or the diameter of the hole portions is 3 to 6 mm.

8. The air spring of claim 7, wherein the aperture portion is provided with an air valve in communication with the controller for opening or closing the aperture portion.

9. The air spring according to any one of claims 1-8, further comprising a cover portion and a base, wherein said outer rubber stack is mounted to said base, wherein a top plate is disposed on top of said first air chamber, said cover portion is disposed above said top plate, and said cover portion has a vent hole communicating with said first air chamber.

10. The rail vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a suspension frame, wherein the vehicle body is connected with the suspension frame through an air spring, and the air spring is the air spring of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air springs, in particular to an air spring and a railway vehicle.

Background

The air spring is a spring which realizes elastic action by utilizing the compressible property of air, has the functions of buffering, shock absorption, actuation and the like, and is generally applied to automobile vehicles and railway vehicles.

Taking a magnetic suspension rail vehicle as an example, the air spring is used as a key part of secondary suspension, so that the air spring not only has the function of connecting the vehicle body and the suspension frame, but also has the function of transferring force between the suspension frame and the vehicle body.

With the increase of the vehicle speed, the requirement on the air spring is higher and higher, the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the traditional air spring are single, and the application of the air spring is limited.

In view of this, how to improve the existing air spring to adjust the rigidity thereof and achieve a good damping effect is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an air spring and a railway vehicle, the air spring has the advantages that the structural design can adjust the rigidity according to the change of an application environment, the damping effect is good, and the riding comfort and the stability of the whole vehicle can be improved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an air spring, which comprises a first air bag with a first air chamber, an outer rubber pile positioned below the first air bag, a second air bag with a second air chamber and a partition plate, wherein the second air bag is positioned between the first air bag and the outer rubber pile, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are separated by the partition plate, the partition plate is provided with a hole part which can be opened and closed, and the hole part is communicated with the first air chamber and the second air chamber.

According to the air spring provided by the invention, the second air bag is additionally arranged between the first air bag and the outer rubber pile, the first air chamber of the first air bag and the second air chamber of the second air bag are separated by the partition plate, the partition plate is also provided with the hole part which can be opened and closed, and the hole part can be communicated with the first air chamber and the second air chamber; after the arrangement, the hole part can be opened to communicate the first air chamber and the second air chamber according to application requirements, or the hole part can be closed to separate the first air chamber and the second air chamber, so that the rigidity of the air spring is changed, the rigidity of the air spring can be adjusted according to actual application, a better damping effect is achieved, and the riding comfort and the stability can be improved when the air spring is applied to a vehicle.

According to the air spring, the inner rubber pile is arranged in the second air chamber.

The air spring is characterized in that the top of the inner rubber stack is fixedly connected with the isolation plate.

In the air spring, the outer ring of the isolation plate is provided with the metal ring.

In the air spring as described above, the outer periphery of the tip end of the first air bag is provided with a metal strip.

In the air spring as described above, the metal strip is vulcanized and fixed to the first air bag.

According to the air spring, the thickness of the isolating plate is 3-6 mm, and/or the number of the hole parts is 3-8, the hole parts are uniformly distributed on the same circumference around the center of the air spring, and/or the diameter of each hole part is 3-6 mm.

The air spring is characterized in that the hole part is provided with an air valve which is in communication connection with the controller and is used for opening or closing the hole part.

The air spring further comprises a cover plate part and a base, the outer rubber stack is mounted on the base, a top plate is arranged at the top of the first air bag, the cover plate part is arranged above the top plate, and the cover plate part is provided with a vent hole communicated with the first air chamber.

The invention also provides a railway vehicle which comprises a vehicle body and a suspension frame, wherein the vehicle body is connected with the suspension frame through an air spring, and the air spring is any one of the air springs.

Since the air spring has the technical effects, the rail vehicle comprising the air spring also has the same technical effects, and the technical effects are not repeatedly discussed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

a cover plate 11, a plate body 111, and a boss 112;

the air bag comprises a top plate 12, a first air bag 13, a metal belt 131, a separation plate 14, a hole part 141, a second air bag 15, an inner rubber stack 16, a first mounting plate 161, an outer rubber stack 17, a second mounting plate 171 and a base 18.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the air spring of this embodiment includes a first air bag 13 and an outer rubber pile 17, the outer rubber pile 17 being located below the first air bag 13, and a second air bag 15 provided between the first air bag 13 and the outer rubber pile 17; the first airbag 13 has a first air chamber, the second airbag 15 has a second air chamber, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are separated by a partition plate 14, that is, the partition plate 14 is provided between the first airbag 13 and the second airbag 15, the partition plate 14 is provided with a hole portion 141 which can be opened and closed, and the hole portion 141 communicates the first air chamber and the second air chamber.

In practical application, the first air bag 13 and the second air bag 15 can both adopt conventional rubber air bags, so that the manufacturing is convenient, and the cost is low.

After the arrangement, in practical application of the air spring, the hole part 141 can be selectively opened or closed according to the change of the application environment of the air spring, so that the first air chamber and the second air chamber are communicated or separated, the rigidity of the air spring is changed by changing the effective air chamber volume of the air spring so as to adapt to different application environments, better shock absorption and buffering effects are achieved, and the comfort and the stability of the whole vehicle can be improved after the air spring is applied to a vehicle.

Specifically, after the hole 141 of the partition plate 14 is opened, the first air chamber of the first air bag 13 is communicated with the second air chamber of the second air bag 15, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are communicated into a whole, the effective air chamber volume of the air spring is increased, the effective contact area is unchanged, and the rigidity of the air spring is reduced; after the hole portion 141 of the partition plate 14 is closed, the first air chamber of the first air bag 13 and the second air chamber of the second air bag 15 are partitioned, and at this time, only the first air chamber functions, and the effective air chamber volume of the air spring is reduced without changing the effective contact area, and the rigidity of the air spring is improved.

In this embodiment, in order to facilitate installation and air inlet and outlet of the air spring, the air spring further includes a cover plate portion 11 and a base 18, the cover plate portion 11 is disposed above the first air bag 13, specifically, a top plate 12 is disposed at the top of the first air bag 13 to restrict deformation of the first air bag 13, and the cover plate portion 11 is specifically fixedly connected to the top plate 12.

Specifically, the cover plate portion 11 includes a plate body 111 and an upwardly protruding boss portion 112 fixedly provided at a central portion of the plate body 111, and the cover portion 11 is provided with a vent hole communicating with the first air chamber of the first air bag 13, the vent hole being specifically formed in the boss portion 112.

The protruding portion 112 of the cover portion 11 also serves as an upper mounting structure of the air spring, and when the air spring is applied to a railway vehicle, for example, the air spring can be mounted on the vehicle body of the railway vehicle through the protruding portion 112 of the cover portion 11.

The outer rubber pile 17 of the air spring is specifically installed on the base 18, in practical application, the base 18 is used as a lower installation structure of the air spring, for example, when the air spring is applied to a railway vehicle, the air spring can be installed with a suspension frame of the railway vehicle through the base 18.

In this embodiment, the inner rubber pad 16 is further provided in the second air chamber of the second air bag 15, and when the hole portion 141 of the partition plate 14 is closed, the inner rubber pad 16 and the outer rubber pad 17 function together to ensure the rigidity of the air spring. It can be understood that when the hole portion 141 of the partition plate 14 is opened, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are conducted, and at this time, the inner rubber pile 16 is deactivated.

In a specific scheme, in order to limit the positions of the inner rubber pile 16 and the outer rubber pile 17, a first mounting plate 161 may be respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner rubber pile 16, and a second mounting plate 171 may be respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the outer rubber pile 17; the upper end of the inner rubber pile 16 can be fixedly connected with the isolation plate 14 through a first mounting plate 161, the lower end can be fixedly connected with a second mounting plate 171 at the upper end of the outer rubber pile 17 through the first mounting plate 161, and the second mounting plate 171 at the lower end of the outer rubber pile 17 can be fixedly connected with the base 18. The fixedly connecting mode of the plates can be realized by fasteners such as bolts and the like, so that the positions of the inner rubber pile 16 and the outer rubber pile 17 are effectively limited, and the strength and the working stability of the air spring are ensured.

Specifically, the first mounting plate 161 is integrally and fixedly coupled to the inner rubber stack 16 by vulcanization, so that the strength and rigidity of the entire structure are improved, and similarly, the second mounting plate 171 is also integrally and fixedly coupled to the outer rubber stack 17 by vulcanization, so that the strength and rigidity of the entire structure are improved.

In this embodiment, a metal ring (not shown) may be further disposed on the outer ring of the isolation plate 14, and the metal ring may be disposed to simultaneously restrain the deformation of the first air chamber and the deformation of the second air chamber, so as to prevent the air spring from interfering with the mounted equipment of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the periphery of the top end of the first air bag 13 is provided with a metal strap 131, and the metal strap 131 is arranged to restrain the deformation of the first air chamber and also to ensure the effective contact area of the air spring, and as shown in the figure, the metal strap 131 may specifically include an annular ring portion at the top end of the first air bag 13 and a downwardly extending peripheral wall portion connected to the annular ring portion to effectively restrain the deformation of the first air chamber.

Specifically, metal strap 131 is located between first bladder 13 and top plate 12.

Metal strip 131 may be secured to first bladder 13 by vulcanization.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the partition plate 14 for separating the first air chamber and the second air chamber may be set to be smaller on the basis of ensuring the connection strength, so as to reduce the influence on the volume of the first air chamber or the second air chamber, for example, the thickness of the partition plate 14 may be selected to be between 3 mm and 6mm, and is preferably 4 mm.

Of course, the thickness of the partition plate 14 may be other depending on the size of the air spring, the application requirements, and the like, and is not limited to the above range.

In this embodiment, the number of the hole portions 141 provided in the partition plate 14 may be multiple, for example, 3 to 8, or 4 or 6, and the multiple hole portions 141 are uniformly arranged on the same circumference around the center of the air spring, so as to ensure the stability and uniformity of the air flow when the first air chamber and the second air chamber are communicated.

Specifically, the diameter of the hole 141 may be set according to actual requirements, for example, the diameter may be selected within a range of 3 to 6mm, and may be selected to be 4 mm.

In a specific scheme, the opening and closing of each hole 141 can be controlled by an air valve arranged in each hole 141, each air valve can be in communication connection with a controller of the air spring, the controller can be a part of a vehicle control system, and can also be arranged relatively independently, and the opening and closing of each air valve can be controlled according to actual operation conditions, so that the adjustment of the rigidity of the air spring is realized.

In addition to the air spring, the invention also provides a railway vehicle, which is a magnetic suspension vehicle and comprises a vehicle body and a suspension frame, and the air spring is arranged between the vehicle body and the suspension frame, and the air spring is the air spring in any embodiment. Other constructions of the rail vehicle can be referred to in the art and are not repeated here.

Since the air spring has the technical effects, the rail vehicle comprising the air spring also has the same technical effects, and the technical effects are not repeatedly discussed.

The air spring and the railway vehicle provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.