阅读说明：本技术 一种离子流场中悬浮液滴荷电特性测量装置及方法 (Device and method for measuring charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in ion flow field ) 是由 卢铁兵 申南轩 郭小江 申旭辉 苏子寒 张远航 赵瑞斌 孙栩 李春华 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种离子流场中悬浮液滴荷电特性测量装置及方法。该方法包括：确定计算区域并对计算区域进行剖分；给定各节点电荷密度初值和荷电因子初值；计算悬浮液滴空间电荷密度和各节点总空间电荷密度；使用有限元法求解泊松方程,得到节点电位分布,计算空间电场；使用上流元法求解电流连续性方程,计算各节点空间电荷密度；若满足误差限定条件,则计算误差函数值,若不满足误差限定条件,则更新表面电荷密度初值,重复上述步骤,直到满足误差限定条件为止。本发明能够准确计算得到离子流场中悬浮液滴的荷电因子。(The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field. The method comprises the following steps: determining a calculation area and subdividing the calculation area; setting initial values of charge density and charge factor of each node; calculating the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop and the total space charge density of each node; solving a Poisson equation by using a finite element method to obtain node potential distribution, and calculating a space electric field; solving a current continuity equation by using an upper flow element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node; if the error limit condition is satisfied, calculating an error function value, if the error limit condition is not satisfied, updating the initial value of the surface charge density, and repeating the steps until the error limit condition is satisfied. The invention can accurately calculate and obtain the charge factor of the suspension liquid drop in the ion flow field.)

1. An apparatus for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid droplets in an ion flow field, comprising: a grounding corona cage, a central electrode and a field mill;

the central electrode transversely penetrates through the grounding corona cage, the grounding corona cage is of a three-section structure, the middle section of the grounding corona cage is a measuring section, the two sides of the grounding corona cage are shielding sections, and an ion flow plate is arranged in the measuring section; the measuring section is used for measuring an ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current wire, and the shielding section is used for weakening an end effect; the field mill is arranged at the bottom of the measuring section and is used for measuring the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounded corona cage; and applying voltage to the central electrode by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply, so that the central electrode is in a corona discharge state, and measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field according to the electric field intensity at the position of the cage wall of the grounding corona cage.

2. The device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field according to claim 1, wherein the grounded corona cage is of a coaxial cylindrical structure, the central electrode is a bare copper wire, and the central electrode transversely penetrates through the central position of the grounded corona cage.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: a bracket and an insulator;

the bracket is arranged at the bottoms of the shielding sections at two sides, and the field mill is arranged between the measuring section and the bracket; the bracket is used for supporting the grounding corona cage;

the insulators are arranged at two ends of the central electrode and are used for supporting the central electrode.

4. A method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field is characterized in that the method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field is applied to a device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, and comprises the following steps: a grounding corona cage, a central electrode and a field mill; the central electrode transversely penetrates through the grounding corona cage, the grounding corona cage is of a three-section structure, the middle section of the grounding corona cage is a measuring section, the two sides of the grounding corona cage are shielding sections, and an ion flow plate is arranged in the measuring section; the measuring section is used for measuring an ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current wire, and the shielding section is used for weakening an end effect; the field mill is arranged at the bottom of the measuring section and is used for measuring the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounded corona cage; applying voltage to the central electrode by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply to enable the central electrode to be in a corona discharge state, and measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field according to the electric field intensity at the position of the wall of the grounded corona cage;

the method for measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field comprises the following steps:

setting initial charge density values and initial charge factor values of all nodes in the ion flow field;

determining the space charge density of the suspension liquid drop according to the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value;

acquiring the ion space charge density on the premise of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value, and determining a Poisson equation taking the influence of the charged suspended liquid drop into account according to the ion space charge density and the suspended liquid drop space charge density;

solving the Poisson equation considering the influence of the charged suspended liquid drops by using a finite element method, and determining the calculated value of the electric field intensity at each node under the initial value of the charge factor;

acquiring the ion mobility, and determining a current continuity equation according to the ion mobility, the ion space charge density and the electric field intensity calculation value;

solving the current continuity equation by using an upper element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node;

judging whether the calculated electric field intensity value and the space charge density are both smaller than a first error limiting condition; if so, constructing an error function according to the calculated electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage and the measured electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage; if not, updating the initial charge density value;

judging whether the error function is smaller than a second error limiting condition; if so, determining the initial value of the charge factor as the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop under the current humidity condition; and if not, updating the initial value of the charge factor.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the setting of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value of each node in the ion flow field specifically comprises:

determining a calculation area according to the measurement device for the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, dividing the calculation area to generate a divided grid, and determining the serial number and the coordinates of nodes in the divided grid; the nodes are the end points of the mesh after the subdivision;

obtaining lead parameters of the central electrode, and determining charge density initial values and charge factor initial values of all nodes on the surface of the central electrode according to the lead parameters; the wire parameters comprise wire corona starting voltage, a nominal electric field at the ground right below the wire, operating voltage of the wire, wire radius, wire boundary height to ground and corona starting field intensity on the surface of the wire;

and resolving the space charge density of the grounding corona cage as an initial charge density value of the residual node.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the first error limiting condition is:

andwherein σ_ρAn iterative error limit for charge density; rho_nThe surface charge density value of the conducting wire at the nth iteration is obtained; rho_n-1The surface charge density value of the conducting wire at the n-1 th iteration is obtained; sigma_EIteration error limit value of electric field intensity on the surface of the wire; e_maxThe maximum value of the electric field intensity on the surface of the wire; e_cTo be guideLine corona field strength.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the error function is:

wherein g (E)_r) Is an error function; e_mIs a measure of the electric field strength at the wall of the grounded corona cage; e_rAnd calculating the electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of measurement of the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field.

Background

In order to solve the problem of uneven energy distribution in China, China has already built a plurality of extra-high voltage direct current transmission lines. The extra-high voltage direct current transmission line is mainly used for long-distance power transmission, and has complex climate environment crossing regions and large humidity change of the surrounding environment. During the operation of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line, a conductor can generate corona discharge, space charges generated by the corona discharge can form ion flow, and a special ion flow field problem is formed. With the change of the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding environment, particularly in a higher humidity environment, suspended liquid drops can appear in the air. The suspended liquid drops can adsorb space charges generated by corona discharge of the conducting wires to form charged suspended liquid drops, so that a peripheral electric field is distorted, and the problem of an ion flow field is more complicated. Therefore, GB50790-2013 +/-800 kV direct current overhead transmission line design specification is locally modified in China in 11 months in 2019, and the revision further confirms that the direct current line design must consider the influence of humidity on an ion flow field.

In order to determine the influence rule of humidity on the ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current transmission line, the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops under different humidity conditions need to be calculated. However, parameters such as particle size, number density and the like of the suspended liquid drop in the ion flow field are difficult to directly measure, and the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drop cannot be directly calculated by using a charge model, so that the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drop in the current ion flow field are not clear.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field, and the device and the method are used for solving the problem of poor measurement accuracy of the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the current ion flow field.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

an apparatus for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field, comprising: a grounding corona cage, a central electrode and a field mill;

the central electrode transversely penetrates through the grounding corona cage, the grounding corona cage is of a three-section structure, the middle section of the grounding corona cage is a measuring section, the two sides of the grounding corona cage are shielding sections, and an ion flow plate is arranged in the measuring section; the measuring section is used for measuring an ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current wire, and the shielding section is used for weakening an end effect; the field mill is arranged at the bottom of the measuring section and is used for measuring the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounded corona cage; and applying voltage to the central electrode by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply, so that the central electrode is in a corona discharge state, and measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field according to the electric field intensity at the position of the cage wall of the grounding corona cage.

Optionally, ground connection corona cage is coaxial cylinder structure, the center electrode is bare copper wire, the center electrode crosses the central point of ground connection corona cage puts.

Optionally, the method further includes: a bracket and an insulator;

the bracket is arranged at the bottoms of the shielding sections at two sides, and the field mill is arranged between the measuring section and the bracket; the bracket is used for supporting the grounding corona cage;

the insulators are arranged at two ends of the central electrode and are used for supporting the central electrode.

A method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field is applied to a device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, and comprises the following steps: a grounding corona cage, a central electrode and a field mill; the central electrode transversely penetrates through the grounding corona cage, the grounding corona cage is of a three-section structure, the middle section of the grounding corona cage is a measuring section, the two sides of the grounding corona cage are shielding sections, and an ion flow plate is arranged in the measuring section; the measuring section is used for measuring an ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current wire, and the shielding section is used for weakening an end effect; the field mill is arranged at the bottom of the measuring section and is used for measuring the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounded corona cage; applying voltage to the central electrode by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply to enable the central electrode to be in a corona discharge state, and measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field according to the electric field intensity at the position of the wall of the grounded corona cage;

the method for measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field comprises the following steps:

setting initial charge density values and initial charge factor values of all nodes in the ion flow field;

determining the space charge density of the suspension liquid drop according to the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value;

acquiring the ion space charge density on the premise of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value, and determining a Poisson equation taking the influence of the charged suspended liquid drop into account according to the ion space charge density and the suspended liquid drop space charge density;

solving the Poisson equation considering the influence of the charged suspended liquid drops by using a finite element method, and determining the calculated value of the electric field intensity at each node under the initial value of the charge factor;

acquiring the ion mobility, and determining a current continuity equation according to the ion mobility, the ion space charge density and the electric field intensity calculation value;

solving the current continuity equation by using an upper element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node;

judging whether the calculated electric field intensity value and the space charge density are both smaller than a first error limiting condition; if so, constructing an error function according to the calculated electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage and the measured electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage; if not, updating the initial charge density value;

judging whether the error function is smaller than a second error limiting condition; if so, determining the initial value of the charge factor as the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop under the current humidity condition; and if not, updating the initial value of the charge factor.

Optionally, the setting of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value of each node in the ion flow field specifically includes:

determining a calculation area according to the measurement device for the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, dividing the calculation area to generate a divided grid, and determining the serial number and the coordinates of nodes in the divided grid; the nodes are the end points of the mesh after the subdivision;

obtaining lead parameters of the central electrode, and determining charge density initial values and charge factor initial values of all nodes on the surface of the central electrode according to the lead parameters; the wire parameters comprise wire corona starting voltage, a nominal electric field at the ground right below the wire, operating voltage of the wire, wire radius, wire boundary height to ground and corona starting field intensity on the surface of the wire;

and resolving the space charge density of the grounding corona cage as an initial charge density value of the residual node.

Optionally, the first error limiting condition is:

andwherein σ_ρAn iterative error limit for charge density; rho_nThe surface charge density value of the conducting wire at the nth iteration is obtained; rho_n-1Is as followsConducting wire surface charge density value in n-1 iterations; sigma_EIteration error limit value of electric field intensity on the surface of the wire; e_maxThe maximum value of the electric field intensity on the surface of the wire; e_cThe field intensity of the corona is generated for the wire.

Optionally, the error function is:

wherein g (E)_r) Is an error function; e_mIs a measure of the electric field strength at the wall of the grounded corona cage; e_rAnd calculating the electric field intensity value at the wall of the grounding corona cage.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field by introducing a charge factor which is a parameter for representing the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops, the device is used for measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, can realize the calculation and characterization of the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in different environments without measuring the parameters of the particle size, the number density and the like of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, for a corona discharge platform with a fixed structure, by measuring a ground synthesized electric field under the current environment, the method can accurately calculate the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop in the ion flow field to represent the charge characteristic of the suspended liquid drop in the ion flow field, overcomes the problem that parameters such as the particle size, the number density and the like of the suspended liquid drop in the ion flow field are difficult to directly measure, and provides a theoretical basis for analyzing external environmental factors, particularly the influence mechanism of humidity on the ion flow field.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid droplets in an ion flow field according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a specific calculation flowchart of another method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the result of the charge factor calculation provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows the space charge density of suspended droplets under different humidity conditions provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended liquid drops in an ion flow field, which can accurately calculate and obtain charge factors of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field, and as shown in fig. 1, the device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field includes: a grounding corona cage 1, a central electrode 2 and a field mill 3; the central electrode 2 transversely penetrates through the grounding corona cage 1, the grounding corona cage 1 is of a three-section structure, the middle section of the grounding corona cage 1 is a measuring section 4, the two sides of the grounding corona cage 1 are shielding sections 5, and an ion flow plate 6 is arranged in the measuring section 4; the measuring section 4 is used for measuring an ion flow field of the high-voltage direct-current wire, and the shielding section 5 is used for weakening an end effect; the field mill 3 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring section 4, and the field mill 3 is used for measuring the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounded corona cage; and applying voltage to the central electrode 2 by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply 7, so that the central electrode 2 is in a corona discharge state, and measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field according to the electric field intensity at the position of the wall of the grounding corona cage.

In practical application, ground connection corona cage 1 is coaxial cylinder structure, central electrode 2 is naked copper conductor, central electrode 2 crosses the central point of ground connection corona cage 1 puts.

The invention also includes: a bracket 8 and an insulator 9; the support 8 is arranged at the bottom of the shielding sections 5 at two sides, and the field mill 3 is arranged between the measuring section 4 and the support 8; the bracket 8 is used for supporting the grounding corona cage 1; the insulators 9 are arranged at two ends of the central electrode 2, and the insulators 9 are used for supporting the central electrode 2.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field, and as shown in fig. 2, the method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field is applied to the device for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field shown in fig. 1.

The method for measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field comprises the following steps:

step 201: and setting the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value of each node in the ion flow field.

The step 201 specifically includes: determining a calculation area according to the measurement device for the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field, dividing the calculation area to generate a divided grid, and determining the serial number and the coordinates of nodes in the divided grid; the nodes are the end points of the mesh after the subdivision; obtaining lead parameters of the central electrode, and determining charge density initial values and charge factor initial values of all nodes on the surface of the central electrode according to the lead parameters; the wire parameters comprise wire corona starting voltage, a nominal electric field at the ground right below the wire, operating voltage of the wire, wire radius, wire boundary height to ground and corona starting field intensity on the surface of the wire; and resolving the space charge density of the grounding corona cage as an initial charge density value of the residual node.

In practical application, high-voltage direct-current corona is used for applying voltage to the central electrode, so that the central electrode is in a corona discharge state.

The electric field strength at the corona cage wall was measured using a field mill.

Determining and subdividing a calculation area: and after determining the calculation area according to the structure of the measuring device, dividing the calculation area to obtain the serial number and the coordinates of each node after division.

Step 202: and determining the space charge density of the suspension liquid drop according to the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value.

The theoretical basis for step 202 is as follows:

giving initial values of charge density and charge factor of each node:

the initial value of the charge density of each node on the surface of the wire can be solved by the formula (1). The initial values of the charge density of other nodes can adopt a space charge density analytic solution of a coaxial cylindrical electrode.

In the formula of U₀Providing a wire corona voltage; e_gIs the nominal electric field at the ground right below the wire; u is the operating voltage of the wire; r is the wire radius; h is the height of the boundary of the wire to the ground; e_onIs the corona onset field strength of the wire surface.

Acquiring the droplet parameters of the suspended droplets in the ion flow field on the premise of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value, and calculating the charge capacity of the suspended droplets according to the droplet parameters by adopting a saturated field charge model; the droplet parameters include the electric field strength of the location of the aerosol droplet, the dielectric constant of the aerosol droplet, the radius of the aerosol droplet, and the dielectric constant of the vacuum.

Calculating the initial value of the charge factor of the suspension liquid drop, and firstly defining an expression of the charge factor. As the particle diameters of the suspended liquid drops in the surrounding environment are all larger than 0.2 mu m, the charging mode of the suspended liquid drops is mainly field charging, and the time for the charged quantity of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field to reach saturation is about 0.5s, the charged quantity of the suspended liquid drops can be calculated by adopting a saturated field charging model:

in the formula, q_sThe electric charge is the saturated field charge of the suspended liquid drop; e is the electric field intensity of the position of the suspended liquid drop; epsilon is the dielectric constant of the suspension drop; r is the suspension drop radius; epsilon₀Is the dielectric constant in vacuum.

And acquiring the number density of the suspension drops, and determining the space charge density of the suspension drops according to the number density of the suspension drops and the charge quantity of the suspension drops.

From equation (3), the suspended droplet space charge density:

wherein N is the density of the number of suspension drops.

And determining the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop according to the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop and the electric field intensity of the position of the suspended liquid drop.

For ease of analysis and calculation, the charge factor of the suspended droplets is defined:

from the formula (4), the charge factor is only related to the particle size, dielectric constant and number density of the suspended liquid drop, and represents the ability of the suspended liquid drop to adsorb surrounding space charge under unit electric field intensity. The larger the charge factor is, the more space charge the suspended liquid drop can adsorb in the unit electric field is, and the stronger the charge capacity is.

As shown in formula (4), orAt a charge factor theta, an electric field intensity E and a space rho_wThe relation between the two is that an electric field intensity is corresponded on the basis of a set initial value of the charge density, the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop is obtained according to the electric field intensity and the set initial value of the charge factor, the electric field intensity of the position of the suspended liquid drop is obtained, and the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop is determined according to the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop and the electric field intensity of the position of the suspended liquid drop.

From this, the relationship between the number density of the suspension droplets and the mass density of the suspension droplets is:

wherein m is the mass concentration of the suspension droplets; rho₁Is the mass density of the suspended liquid drop

The suspension drop charge factor expression obtained from formula (6) is:

when the mass concentration of the suspension liquid drop is taken as the saturated water content and the particle size is taken as 0.2 mu m, the initial value of the charge factor of the suspension liquid drop can be obtained according to the formula (6).

Step 203: and acquiring the ion space charge density on the premise of the initial charge density value and the initial charge factor value, and determining a Poisson equation taking the influence of the charged suspended liquid drop into account according to the ion space charge density and the suspended liquid drop space charge density.

Step 204: and solving the Poisson equation considering the influence of the charged suspended liquid drops by using a finite element method, and determining the calculated value of the electric field intensity at each node under the initial value of the charge factor.

And (3) calculating the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop according to the given charge factor value of the suspended liquid drop and the suspended liquid drop is considered to be uniformly distributed in the space in the calculation process. The total space charge density of each node is the sum of the ion space charge density and the suspension droplet space charge density, and the calculation formula is shown as the formula (7).

ρ＝ρ_e+ρ_w (7)

Where ρ is the total space charge density; rho_eIs the ion space charge density; rho_wIs the suspended droplet space charge density.

And solving the Poisson equation by using a finite element method to obtain node potential distribution and calculate a space electric field.

The poisson equation, which accounts for the effect of charged suspended droplets, is:

in the formula, φ is a scalar potential.

Step 205: and acquiring the ion mobility, and determining a current continuity equation according to the ion mobility, the ion space charge density and the electric field intensity calculated value.

Step 206: and solving the current continuity equation by using an upper element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node.

Solving a current continuity equation by using an upper flow element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node;

because the migration rate of ions in the electric field is two to three orders of magnitude greater than that of the suspended liquid drop, the motion characteristic of the suspended liquid drop is not considered in the calculation process, and the current continuity equation is as follows:

wherein J is the ion current density; k is the ion mobility.

Step 207: judging whether the calculated electric field intensity value and the space charge density are both smaller than a first error limiting condition; if yes, go to step 208; if not, go to 209.

If the first error limiting condition is satisfied, calculating an error function value g (E)_r) If it is not fullIf the first error limiting condition is satisfied, the surface charge density value is updated, and the preparation work before step 201 is repeated, that is: applying voltage to the central electrode by using high-voltage direct-current corona so that the central electrode is in a corona discharge state; measuring the electric field strength at the wall of the corona cage using a field mill; determining and subdividing a calculation area: after a calculation area is determined according to the structure of the measuring device, the calculation area is divided, and the serial number and the coordinates of each node after division are obtained; and giving initial values of the charge density and the charge factor of each node until a first error limiting condition is met. The first error limiting condition is:

in the formula sigma_ρFor the charge density iterative error limit, p_nAnd ρ_n-1The surface charge density values, σ, of the wires at the n-th and n-1-th iterations, respectively_EIterative error limiting of the electric field strength of the surface of the conductor, E_maxAnd E_cThe maximum value of the electric field intensity on the surface of the wire and the corona field intensity of the wire are respectively.

Step 208: and constructing an error function according to the calculated value of the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounding corona cage and the measured value of the electric field intensity at the wall of the grounding corona cage.

The error function is defined as:

in the formula, E_mAnd E_rRespectively, measured value and calculated value of electric field intensity at the wall of the corona cage.

Step 209: and updating the initial charge density value.

Step 210: judging whether the error function is smaller than a second error limiting condition; if yes, go to step 211; if not, go to step 212.

Step 211: and determining the initial value of the charge factor as the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop under the current humidity condition.

Step 212: and updating the initial value of the charge factor.

If the calculated error function value g (E)_r) Less than or equal to 0.01%, the charge factor is regarded as the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop under the current humidity condition, otherwise, the charge factor value is updated until the error function value g (E) is met_r) Less than or equal to 0.01 percent. Fig. 3 is a specific calculation flowchart of another method for measuring the charge characteristics of suspended droplets in an ion flow field according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 3.

When assigning specific numerical values to the present invention, the specific embodiments are as follows:

the electrocardioelectrode of the measuring device used in the specific implementation process is a bare copper wire, the length is 2.8m, and the radius is 1.1 mm. The length of the measurement section of the grounding corona cage is 2.0m, the length of the shielding section on one side is 0.3m, and the radius is 0.4 m.

And respectively applying 55kV positive polarity voltage to the central electrode by using a high-voltage direct-current power supply under the condition of 30-90% relative humidity to ensure that the central electrode is in a corona discharge state, and measuring the electric field intensity at the corona cage by using a direct-current field intensity meter.

The invention is based on the following assumptions in the calculation process:

(1) the suspension droplets in the surrounding air were considered to be evenly distributed during the calculation.

(2) In the same electric field, the migration rate of ions is generally 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of the charged suspended liquid drop, so that the suspended liquid drop is considered to be in a static state in the calculation process, and the dynamic characteristic of the suspended liquid drop is not considered.

(3) Since the suspended liquid droplets occupy a small mass fraction in the entire air, it is considered that the suspended liquid droplets do not affect the dielectric constant of the air.

On the basis of the above assumptions, the ion flow field control equation and boundary conditions of the coaxial cylindrical electrode are as follows:

wherein phi is a scalar potential; e is the electric field strength; rho_eIs the ion space charge density; rho_wIs the suspended droplet space charge density; j is the ion current density; k is ion mobility; epsilon₀Is the dielectric constant in vacuum.

The boundary conditions of the control equation are as follows:

the surface voltage of the wire is the operating voltage:

the potential of the corona cage is 0:

the electric field intensity on the surface of the wire is the corona starting field intensity:

E_L＝E₀ (16)

on the basis of the above theory, the method for measuring the suspension drop charge factor is as follows:

(1) determining a calculation area and subdividing the calculation area.

(2) And giving initial values of the charge density and the charge factor of each node.

(3) And calculating the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop and the total space charge density of each node.

(4) And solving the Poisson equation by using a finite element method to obtain node potential distribution and calculate a space electric field.

(4) And solving a current continuity equation by using an upper element method, and calculating the space charge density of each node.

(5) If the error limiting condition is satisfied, calculating the error function value g (E)_r) And if the error limit condition is not met, updating the surface charge density value, and repeating the steps 2-4 until the error limit condition is met.

The error limiting conditions are as follows:

in the formula, σ_ρFor the charge density iterative error limit, p_nAnd ρ_n-1The surface charge density values, σ, of the wires at the n-th and n-1-th iterations, respectively_EIterative error limiting of the electric field strength of the surface of the conductor, E_maxAnd E_cThe maximum value of the electric field intensity on the surface of the wire and the corona field intensity of the wire are respectively.

The error function is defined as:

in the formula, E_mAnd E_rRespectively, measured value and calculated value of electric field intensity at the wall of the corona cage.

(6) If the calculated error function value g (E)_r) If the charge factor is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the charge factor is considered as the charge factor of the suspended liquid drop under the current humidity condition, otherwise, the charge factor value is updated, and the steps 2-5 are repeated until the error function value g (E) is met_r) Less than or equal to 0.01 percent.

According to the charge factor calculation method, the charge factors of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field under different humidity conditions are respectively calculated, the calculation result is shown in fig. 4, and linear functions are used for respectively fitting the charge factors under low-humidity and high-humidity environments.

From the fitted curve, the change of the suspension drop charge factor with humidity is small under the low humidity condition, and the charge factor is 0.032 × 10 when RH is 50%^-12C/(V·m²) The charge factor is 1.19 times that of the case where RH is 30%. Shows that the content of suspended liquid drops in a low-humidity environment is less and does not change along with the humidity change of the surrounding environmentIs large. Under high humidity conditions, the charge factor of the suspension drop increases linearly with humidity, and when RH is 90%, the charge factor is 13.23 × 10^-12C/(V·m²) The charge factor was 1.47 times as high as that at RH 80%. The abscissa of the intersection point of the two fitted curves is about 60%, which shows that when the relative humidity of the surrounding environment is more than 60%, the aerosol drops obviously appear in the space, and the content of the aerosol drops increases rapidly along with the increase of the humidity.

The calculated charge factor and the formula (13) are used to calculate the space charge density of the suspended liquid drop under different humidity conditions, and the calculation result is shown in fig. 5. From the calculation results, it is found that the space charge density of the suspended liquid droplet gradually increases as the humidity increases.

According to the measurement result, the measurement device and the measurement method disclosed by the invention can be used for measuring the charge characteristics of the suspended liquid drops in the ion flow field under different humidity conditions, and provide data support and theoretical support for determining the influence rule of humidity on the ion flow field.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.