阅读说明：本技术 一种支气管体位引流方法 (Bronchial body position drainage method ) 是由 康莉娜 满小春 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种支气管体位引流方法,属于医学院及临床用教学仪器,涉及一种支气管引流方法,其目的在于解决现有技术中脓痰引流因管道存在造成的引流效果不好、无法动态观察引流过程的缺陷。该引流方法包括支气管体位引流模型,支气管体位引流模型包括肺模型、肺模型内的气管；肺模型通过球铰结构与底座连接；还包括自由固定于气管的管壁上的脓痰模型；具体引流步骤包括：调整肺模型的位置；将浓痰模型放置于气管内；通过球铰结构旋转肺模型,浓痰模型在气管内移动或示意移动趋势；排痰时,通过球铰结构旋转肺模型,并配合震动排痰和/或呼吸训练方法,使模拟球逐步通过气管被排出。本发明适用于对学生、患者进行引流模拟展示。(The invention discloses a bronchial body position drainage method, belongs to medical colleges and clinical teaching instruments, relates to a bronchial drainage method, and aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, purulent sputum drainage is poor in drainage effect and cannot dynamically observe a drainage process due to the existence of a pipeline. The drainage method comprises a bronchial body position drainage model, wherein the bronchial body position drainage model comprises a lung model and a trachea in the lung model; the lung model is connected with the base through a spherical hinge structure; also comprises a purulent sputum model which is freely fixed on the tube wall of the trachea; the specific drainage steps include: adjusting the position of the lung model; placing the thick sputum model in the trachea; the lung model is rotated through a spherical hinge structure, and the thick sputum model moves in the trachea or indicates the movement trend; when sputum excretion is performed, the lung model is rotated through the spherical hinge structure, and the simulated ball is gradually discharged through the trachea by matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method. The drainage simulation display device is suitable for drainage simulation display of students and patients.)

1. A bronchial position drainage method comprises a bronchial position drainage model, wherein the bronchial position drainage model comprises a lung model (3) and a trachea (2) in the lung model (3); the method is characterized in that: the lung model (3) is connected with the base (6) through a spherical hinge structure (5), and the lung model further comprises a purulent sputum model (4), wherein the purulent sputum model (4) is connected with the trachea (2) through a connecting structure;

the specific drainage steps include:

step one, adjusting the position of a lung model (3);

secondly, placing the purulent sputum model (4) at an initial position in the trachea (2);

and step three, during sputum excretion, the lung model (3) is rotated through a spherical hinge structure, and the drawing trend or process of the purulent sputum model (4) is demonstrated by matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method.

2. A method of bronchial posture drainage as in claim 1, wherein: the connecting structure is a clamping ring (226), and the clamping ring (226) is tightly hooped outside the air pipe (2); the purulent sputum model (4) is arranged on the inner side surface of the snap ring (226) close to the trachea (2).

3. A bronchial body position drainage method as in claim 2, wherein: the trachea (2) is sliced along the length direction of the trachea (2) to form a gap (23), and the purulent sputum model (4) is positioned in the gap (23).

4. A method of bronchial posture drainage as in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of limiting pieces (222) are distributed on the pipe wall (221) of the air pipe (2) along the direction of the air pipe (2), a through hole (224) is formed in the center of each limiting piece (222), and the diameters of the through holes (224) in the limiting pieces (222) are sequentially decreased progressively along the flowing direction of the air in the air pipe (2); the sputum purulent model (4) comprises a plurality of simulation balls (225) with different sizes, the number of the simulation balls (225) is the same as that of the through holes (224), and the size of each simulation ball (225) is larger than that of the through hole (224) of the corresponding limiting piece (222) and smaller than that of the limiting piece (222).

5. A bronchial body drainage method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the upper surface and the lower surface of the limiting piece (222) are both inclined surfaces with a high outer side and a low inner side.

6. A method of bronchial posture drainage as in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of limit adsorption areas (223) are distributed on the tube wall (221) of the trachea (2) along the direction of the trachea (2), and the purulent sputum model (4) is a simulation ball (225) which can be adsorbed and is tightly attached to the limit adsorption areas (223).

7. A bronchial body position drainage method as in claim 6, wherein: the limit adsorption area (223) and the simulation ball (225) are both magnetic and opposite in magnetism.

8. A bronchial body position drainage method as in claim 6, wherein: the limiting adsorption area (223) is an iron powder adhesive coating adhered to the pipe wall (221), a magnet is arranged on the simulation ball (225), and the simulation ball (225) can be adsorbed and adhered to the limiting adsorption area (223).

9. A method of bronchial posture drainage as in claim 8, wherein: the pipe wall (221) of the air pipe (2) is coated with the iron powder glue coating, and the deeper the air pipe, the higher the content of iron powder in the iron powder glue coating, and the larger the adsorption force between the iron powder glue coating and the simulation ball (225).

10. A method of bronchial posture drainage as in any one of claims 1-9, wherein: the lung model (3) and the trachea (2) are both made of transparent materials, and the purulent sputum model (4) is a simulation ball (225) with color.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to medical colleges and clinical teaching instruments, relates to a bronchial drainage method, and particularly relates to a bronchial drainage method for vividly and vividly demonstrating the posture drainage principle of students and patients by rotating the whole lung posture.

Background

Bronchial posture drainage refers to gravity drainage of secretions to promote discharge of purulent sputum. Different drainage positions are needed according to different lung lobes where the lesion part is located, the drainage positions are at least 6, and the content is complex. In the teaching practice and treatment process, in order to facilitate understanding of students and understanding of purulent sputum positions of patients and sputum excretion by matching with body positions, a transparent lung model is often used for explaining the lung pathological changes and the drainage path.

Utility model patent with application number 201220015393.X just discloses a bronchus position drainage model, the model of left lung and right lung is made respectively to the structure of simulating human lung with transparent plastic, the trachea model, and bronchus model, and install trachea model and bronchus model respectively on the relevant position of lung model according to the structural feature of human lung, respectively at the left lung upper lobe tip back end of simulation, left lung upper lobe tongue leaf section, left lung lower lobe, on the right lung, in, a little big arch is respectively established to the lower lobe, represent 6 pathological changes positions, and with a small pipeline with this arch lug connection in the shell of lung model, the pipeline mouth end seals with the silica gel material. The injection head of the injector can be penetrated in and can be automatically closed after being pulled out, so that the injected liquid can be prevented from flowing back and flowing out.

After simulated secretions are added into different simulated lesion parts, the model is placed in different body positions, and the process that the secretions are drained to the trachea through the bronchus under the action of gravity in the correct body position can be demonstrated; after demonstration, the simulation liquid can be directly poured out from the trachea and recycled for repeated use.

In addition, the invention patent with the application number of 201610316754.7 also discloses a high-simulation body position drainage simulation training model, when in use, a large injector is used for injecting simulated purulent sputum into a sputum storage tank from a sputum injection pipe outside the high-simulation human body model. Because this pipe is equipped with the simulation purulent sputum that one-way check valve so injected can not flow out, along with annotating the increase of phlegm volume, store the gradual rise of sputum flask liquid level, the air in the bottle is discharged through leading to the overflow pipe outside the model, indicates to have filled when the overflow pipe has the simulation purulent sputum to spill over, can stop to pour into the simulation purulent sputum this moment into. Because the micro air pump and the micro water pump are both connected with the one-way check valve, the phenomenon of reverse flow during sputum or gas injection can be effectively prevented.

However, in the above two patents, the branch trachea is provided with a pipeline for charging or discharging liquid, and the drainage of purulent sputum is difficult because the pipeline can cause certain obstruction to the drainage of purulent sputum. In addition, because the position of the simulated protrusion is fixed in the two patents, the dynamic discharge process of the purulent sputum cannot be demonstrated, the specific process of the drainage of the purulent sputum cannot be visually observed, and the visualization degree is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention provides a bronchial body position drainage method, and aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, purulent sputum drainage is poor in drainage effect and cannot dynamically observe a drainage process due to the existence of a pipeline.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a bronchial position drainage method comprises a bronchial position drainage model, wherein the bronchial position drainage model comprises a lung model and a trachea in the lung model; the lung model is connected with the base through a spherical hinge structure, and the lung model further comprises a purulent sputum model which is connected with the trachea through a connecting structure;

the specific drainage steps include:

step one, adjusting the position of a lung model;

secondly, placing the purulent sputum model in the trachea;

and step three, during sputum excretion, the lung model is rotated through the spherical hinge structure, and the pus sputum model extraction trend or process is demonstrated by matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method.

In this application, the purulent sputum model can be fixed in the trachea and can also roll in the trachea along the trachea direction.

Here, a scheme for immobilizing the purulent sputum model is provided, namely: the connecting structure is a clamping ring which is tightly hooped outside the air pipe; the purulent sputum model is arranged on the inner side surface of the clamping ring close to the trachea.

The trachea is planed and cut along the length direction of the trachea to form a gap, and the purulent sputum model is positioned in the gap.

To realize that the purulent sputum model can remove and can fix, this application provides two kinds of structures:

the first structure is as follows: a plurality of limiting parts are distributed on the pipe wall of the air pipe along the direction of the air pipe, a through hole is formed in the center of each limiting part, and the diameters of the through holes in the limiting parts are sequentially decreased progressively along the flowing direction of the air in the air pipe; the purulent sputum model comprises a plurality of simulation balls with different sizes, the number of the simulation balls is the same as that of the through holes, and the size of each simulation ball is larger than that of the through hole corresponding to the limiting part and smaller than that of the limiting part.

The upper surface and the lower surface of the limiting part are inclined planes with high outer sides and low inner sides.

The second structure is as follows: a plurality of limit adsorption areas are distributed on the tube wall of the trachea along the direction of the trachea, and the purulent sputum model is a simulation ball which can be adsorbed and is attached to the limit adsorption areas.

The limiting adsorption area and the simulation ball are both magnetic and opposite in magnetism.

The limiting adsorption area is an iron powder adhesive coating adhered to the pipe wall, and the simulation ball is provided with a magnet and can be adsorbed and adhered to the limiting adsorption area.

The pipe wall of the air pipe is coated with the iron powder glue coating, the deeper the air pipe, the higher the iron powder content in the iron powder glue coating, and the larger the adsorption force between the iron powder glue coating and the simulation ball.

In order to improve the observation effect of the thick sputum model, the lung model and the trachea are made of transparent materials, and the purulent sputum model is a colored simulation ball.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, the lung model is connected with the base through the spherical hinge structure, so that the body position of the lung model can be adjusted through the spherical hinge structure, and the body position of the lung model can be adjusted more conveniently and quickly; no pipeline is needed to be arranged in the trachea, the discharge of the simulation ball is not influenced during other auxiliary periods in the trachea, and the drainage effect is good; in addition, because the removal of simulator is unrestricted, can the moving condition of visual observation simulation ball in the trachea, whole drainage process developments are visible, improve student, patient's visual perception greatly, and the full flow of understanding the drainage more clearly.

2, in the invention, the thick sputum model is tightly hooped on the trachea in a hoop mode through the clamping ring, the position of the thick sputum model in the trachea can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and the drainage operation of thick sputum at different positions is demonstrated.

3, in the invention, the trachea is sliced, and the thick sputum model is placed in the cut of the trachea, so that the position of the thick sputum model can be sensed and looked up more intuitively, and the sense of reality is enhanced.

4, in the invention, the size of the simulation ball is matched with the size of the through hole of the limiting piece, and when the initial position of the purulent sputum is simulated, the simulator can move to a preset initial position along the main trachea and the bronchus by adjusting the body position of the lung model; when sputum is discharged, the lung model is rotated through the spherical hinge structure, and the simulator is discharged through the bronchus and the main trachea in sequence. The whole sputum excretion process is basically not influenced by the period in the trachea, the movement of the simulation ball is not limited, the drainage effect is good, and the whole flow of drainage can be clearly observed.

5, in the invention, the iron powder and the glue are mixed according to a certain proportion and then sprayed on the limit adsorption area of the inner wall of the air pipe, and the iron powder glue coating has good overall flexibility and iron property due to the existence of the iron powder, so the simulation ball with the magnet can be well attached to the limit adsorption area, and can gradually separate from the limit adsorption area through flapping, vibration and other modes during sputum excretion. In addition, the content and the proportion of the iron powder can be configured, so that the adsorption performance of different limiting adsorption areas is different, and simulation balls with different masses can be directly configured and directly adsorbed and tightly attached to the inner wall of the air pipe when moving in the air pipe.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lung model according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the trachea in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the limiting element in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting member according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection between the air tube and the snap ring according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Example one

A bronchial position drainage model is used for simulating and displaying the flow of tracheal position drainage for students and patients. The tracheal catheter comprises a lung model 3, wherein a trachea 2 is arranged in the lung model 3, the trachea 2 comprises a main trachea 21 and a plurality of bronchus 22 communicated with the main trachea 21, and the bronchus 22 can be further branched into a plurality of groups of tracheas. In order to facilitate observation of the drainage process, the lung model 3 and the trachea 2 can be made of transparent materials. The bottom of the lung model 3 is connected with a spherical hinge structure 5 through a rod body, and the spherical hinge structure 5 is connected with a base 6 through the rod body; the spherical hinge structure 5 can be provided with one group or a plurality of groups, and if the plurality of groups are arranged, the lung model 3 can be adjusted and rotated in a larger space range, so that drainage can be better realized.

The utility model also comprises a purulent sputum model 4, wherein the purulent sputum model 4 can be placed in the trachea 2 and is freely fixed on the wall of the trachea 2. The purulent sputum model 4 can move in the trachea 2 in a manual mode, namely, the lung model 3 is cut open, the trachea 2 is cut open, and therefore the purulent sputum model 4 can be manually placed in the half-cut trachea 2 and can freely move in the trachea 2. Of course, the purulent sputum model 4 may be adjusted by rotating the lung model 3 under the gravity to continuously adjust the position of the lung model 3, so as to adjust the position of the purulent sputum model 4 in the trachea 2. For the convenience of observation, the purulent sputum model 4 may be set to have a color.

A plurality of limiting members 222 are distributed on the tube wall 221 of the trachea 2 along the direction of the trachea 2, that is, the limiting members 222 are arranged on the main trachea 21 and the bronchus 22 at predetermined positions as required, and the corresponding purulent sputum model 4 is prevented from further moving to the deeper direction of the bronchus through the limiting members 222 by the limiting members 222. A through hole 224 is formed in the center of each of the position-limiting members 222, the diameters of the through holes 224 of the plurality of position-limiting members 222 decrease gradually in sequence along the flowing direction of the gas in the gas tube 2, and the corresponding sputum model 4 can pass through the through holes 224 of some of the position-limiting members 222 and then stop at the position-limiting members 222 at a specific position, otherwise, the sputum model 4 can pass through the through holes 224 of some of the position-limiting members 222 and then be discharged. The sputum model 4 employs a plurality of simulated balls 225 with different sizes, each simulated ball 225 may correspond to a position-limiting element at a specific position, and the size of each simulated ball 225 is larger than the size of the through hole 224 of the corresponding position-limiting element 222 and smaller than the size of the position-limiting element 222. Thus, the purulent sputum model 4 with a certain size can sequentially pass through the through holes 224 with larger size in the front and finally stay at the position of the limiting piece 222 at the corresponding position; on the contrary, the body position of the lung model 3 is continuously adjusted through the hinge structure, so that the simulator flows out through the bronchus 22 and the main trachea 21 in sequence.

In order to facilitate the simulation ball 225 to pass through the limiting member 222 more conveniently and quickly and improve the passing efficiency of the simulation ball 225, the upper surface and the lower surface of the limiting member 222 are both inclined surfaces with a high outer side and a low inner side. The funnel structure of the upper and lower surfaces makes it easier for the mock ball 225 to efficiently pass through the stop 222.

Example two

In the first embodiment, the tube wall 221 of the trachea 2 and the limiting member 222 are adjusted. That is, a plurality of limit adsorption areas 223 are distributed on the tube wall 221 of the trachea 2 along the direction of the trachea 2, the sputum model 4 is a simulation ball 225, and the simulation ball 225 can be adsorbed and tightly attached on the limit adsorption areas 223.

The limit adsorption area 223 and the dummy ball 225 can be set as magnets, and the magnetism of the two is opposite. When the simulation ball 225 moves to the limit adsorption area 223, the simulation ball 225 is adsorbed and tightly attached to the limit adsorption area 223 under the magnetic adsorption effect; when sputum excretion is performed, the simulation ball 225 can be separated from the limiting adsorption area 223 through beating, vibration and the like, so that sputum excretion is realized.

EXAMPLE III

On the basis of the second embodiment, the limit adsorption area 223 and the simulation ball 225 are not set to be magnetic, but the limit adsorption area is set to be ferrous, and the simulation ball 225 is set to be magnetic, so that the simulation ball 225 can be adsorbed and attached to the limit adsorption area 223. Namely, an iron powder glue coating is adhered or sprayed on a preset position on the pipe wall 221 of the air pipe 2, the iron powder glue coating is formed by adding iron powder into glue water according to a certain proportion, stirring uniformly and then coating the glue water on the pipe wall 221, and the content of the iron powder can be configured according to the magnitude of the adsorption force. The magnet is provided on the dummy ball 225, and when the dummy ball 225 moves to a certain limit adsorption area 223 in the trachea 2, the magnet and the iron will be adsorbed and tightly attached to the limit adsorption area 223 by the magnetic adsorption force of the dummy ball 225.

For the convenience and rapidness of drainage, the wall 221 of the trachea 2 can be coated with the iron powder glue coating, and the deeper the trachea, the higher the content of iron powder in the iron powder glue coating, and the larger the adsorption force between the iron powder glue coating and the simulation ball 225. Thus, by configuring the simulated balls 225 with different sizes and different weights; according to the content of the iron powder in the iron powder glue coating at the target position of the purulent sputum, the simulation ball 225 with the corresponding weight is used, so that when the simulation ball 225 with the corresponding weight is placed in the trachea 2 and the body position is adjusted to enable the simulation ball to enter a specific bronchus, the simulation ball 225 can be finally adsorbed and tightly attached to the tube wall 221 of the trachea 2 at the target position.

Example four

The embodiment also provides a bronchial posture drainage model for fixing the thick sputum model, which comprises a lung model 3 and an air pipe 2 in the lung model 3; the lung model 3 is connected with a base 6 through a spherical hinge structure 5; the utility model also comprises a purulent sputum model 4, wherein the purulent sputum model 4 is connected with the trachea 2 through a connecting structure.

The connecting structure is a clamping ring 226, and the clamping ring 226 is tightly hooped outside the air pipe 2; the purulent sputum model 4 is mounted on the inner side surface of the snap ring 226 close to the trachea 2.

The trachea 2 is sliced along the length direction of the trachea 2 to form a gap 23, and the purulent sputum model 4 is positioned in the gap 23.

When adopting this drainage model to carry out the drainage, concrete drainage step includes:

step one, adjusting the position of a lung model 3;

and step two, placing the purulent sputum model 4 in the trachea 2. When the purulent sputum model 4 is placed, the purulent sputum model 4 can be directly and tightly clamped on the trachea 2 through the clamping ring 226 at a specific position, and the purulent sputum model 4 is positioned on one side of the trachea 2, which is convenient to observe. In addition, the simulation of the thick sputum model 4 at different positions in the trachea 2 can be realized by adjusting the position of the snap ring 226 on the trachea 2.

And step three, during sputum excretion, the lung model 3 is rotated through a spherical hinge structure, and the trend or process of the purulent sputum model 4 is demonstrated by matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method. Because the thick sputum model 4 in the scheme is fastened on the trachea 2 through the snap ring 226, when sputum excretion is simulated, the drawing-out trend of the thick sputum model 4 in the trachea 2 can only be simulated by rotating the lung model 3, namely the drainage trend of the thick sputum model 4 from the bronchus to the main trachea or from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea is simulated.

During sputum excretion demonstration, the clamping position of the thick sputum model 4 on the trachea 2 can be manually adjusted according to actual conditions, and dynamic simulation that the thick sputum model 4 is led out from a bronchus to a main trachea and from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea is demonstrated and simulated; the position of the thick sputum model 4 is not required to be adjusted, and only the drainage trend of the thick sputum model 4 is demonstrated.

EXAMPLE five

The embodiment also provides a drainage method, which is a drainage method adopting the drainage model of the first embodiment.

A bronchial position drainage method comprises a bronchial position drainage model of the first embodiment, and comprises the following specific steps:

step one, adjusting the position of a lung model 3;

and step two, selecting a simulation ball 225 by the thick sputum model 4, and placing the simulation ball 225 in the trachea 2. After the simulated ball 225 is placed in the trachea 2, the simulated ball 225 can be directly placed at the head of the main trachea, and the simulated ball 225 is guided to a specified position from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea, from the main trachea to the bronchus by rotating the lung model, and stops at the position of the limiting part 222 at the specific position, namely the initial position of the simulated purulent sputum; the simulated ball 225 can also be directly placed at a designated position in the trachea through a planning incision on the trachea; the present embodiment adopts the former implementation manner.

And step three, during sputum excretion, rotating the lung model 3 through a spherical hinge structure, continuously adjusting the body position of the lung model 3, and matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method to enable the simulation ball 225 to gradually pass through the through hole 224 of the limiting part 222, from the bronchus to the main trachea, from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea, and finally to be discharged through the trachea 2.

Of course, the simulation balls 225 with various dimensions can be configured according to the dimensions of the through holes 224, the simulation ball 225 with a specific dimension is selected, and the body position of the lung model is adjusted to enable the simulation ball 225 to reach a preset position through a specified path, namely the initial position of the simulated purulent sputum; the simulated sphere 225 is then expelled by adjusting the position of the lung model.

EXAMPLE six

The embodiment also provides a drainage method, which is a drainage method adopting the drainage model of the third embodiment.

A bronchial position drainage method comprises a bronchial position drainage model of the first embodiment, and comprises the following specific steps:

step one, adjusting the position of a lung model 3;

step two, selecting a simulation ball 225 by the thick sputum model 4, and placing the simulation ball 225 in the trachea 2; after the simulated ball 225 is placed in the trachea 2, the simulated ball 225 can be directly placed at the head of the main trachea, the simulated ball 225 is guided from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea and from the main trachea to the bronchus by rotating the lung model, finally reaches a specified position under the action of adsorption force, and stops at the position of the limiting piece 222 at the specific position, namely the initial position of the simulated purulent sputum; the simulated ball 225 can also be directly placed at a designated position in the trachea through a planning incision on the trachea; the present embodiment adopts the former implementation manner.

And step three, during sputum excretion, rotating the lung model 3 through a spherical hinge structure, continuously adjusting the body position of the lung model 3, and matching with a vibration sputum excretion and/or respiration training method to enable the simulation ball 225 to 'remove' magnetic adsorption under the action of external force and move freely in the trachea 2 from the bronchus to the main trachea, from one end of the main trachea to the other end of the main trachea, and finally being discharged through the trachea 2.

Certainly, the tube wall 221 of the trachea 2 can be coated with the iron powder glue coating, and the deeper the trachea, the higher the iron powder content in the iron powder glue coating, and the larger the adsorption force between the iron powder glue coating and the simulation ball 225. Thus, by configuring the simulated balls 225 with different sizes and different weights; deducing which weight of the simulation ball 225 is used according to the content of iron powder in the iron powder glue coating at the target position of the purulent sputum, so that the simulation ball 225 with the corresponding weight is placed in the trachea 2, and the body position is adjusted to enable the simulation ball to reach a preset position according to a specified path, namely the initial position of the purulent sputum is simulated; the simulated sphere 225 is then expelled by adjusting the position of the lung model.