阅读说明：本技术 一种高效的氢破装置及稀土合金氢破方法 (Efficient hydrogen breaking device and rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method ) 是由 张雪峰 付松 赵利忠 刘孝莲 石振 严密 于 2021-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及稀土合金氢破处理技术领域,针对现有稀土合金氢破生产效率低且安全性受影响的问题,公开一种高效的氢破装置,包括可旋转的氢破釜、设于氢破釜下方的可旋转的脱氢釜和用于加热脱氢釜的加热装置；氢破釜上方设有进料罐,氢破釜的顶部和进料罐经进料管连接,进料管上设有第一压力平衡阀结构；氢破釜的底部和脱氢釜的顶部经输料管连接,输料管上设有第二压力平衡阀结构；脱氢釜的下方设有出料罐,脱氢釜的底部和出料罐经出料管连接,出料管上设有出料阀。本发明的稀土合金氢破装置可以实现稀土合金的氢破以及脱氢分开独立进行,既提高了生产效率,而且避免了现有技术中对氢破反应釜的冷却和加热的交替处理,提高了设备的操作安全性。(The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking treatment, and discloses a high-efficiency hydrogen breaking device aiming at the problems of low production efficiency and influenced safety of the conventional rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking, which comprises a rotatable hydrogen breaking kettle, a rotatable dehydrogenation kettle arranged below the hydrogen breaking kettle and a heating device used for heating the dehydrogenation kettle; a feeding tank is arranged above the hydrogen cracking kettle, the top of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the feeding tank through a feeding pipe, and a first pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the feeding pipe; the bottom of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the top of the dehydrogenation kettle through a material conveying pipe, and a second pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the material conveying pipe; the below of dehydrogenation cauldron is equipped with the discharge tank, and the bottom and the discharge tank of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through the discharging pipe, are equipped with the bleeder valve on the discharging pipe. The rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking device can realize that hydrogen breaking and dehydrogenation of rare earth alloy are separately and independently carried out, thereby not only improving the production efficiency, but also avoiding the alternate treatment of cooling and heating of a hydrogen breaking reaction kettle in the prior art and improving the operation safety of equipment.)

1. The efficient hydrogen breaking device is characterized by comprising a rotatable hydrogen breaking kettle, a rotatable dehydrogenation kettle arranged below the hydrogen breaking kettle and a heating device used for heating the dehydrogenation kettle;

a feeding tank is arranged above the hydrogen cracking kettle, the top of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the feeding tank through a feeding pipe, and a first pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the feeding pipe;

the bottom of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the top of the dehydrogenation kettle through a material conveying pipe, and a second pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the material conveying pipe;

the below of dehydrogenation cauldron is equipped with the discharge tank, the bottom and the discharge tank of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through the discharging pipe, be equipped with the bleeder valve on the discharging pipe.

2. The hydrogen breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the top of the hydrogen breaking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first upper rotating support member, the bottom of the hydrogen breaking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first lower rotating support member, and the hydrogen breaking kettle is further provided with a first rotating connecting member which can be matched with an external force to drive the hydrogen breaking kettle to rotate;

the top and the conveying pipeline of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through rotating support piece on the second, the bottom and the discharging pipe of dehydrogenation cauldron rotate support piece under the second and connect, still be equipped with on the dehydrogenation cauldron can drive dehydrogenation cauldron pivoted second with the external force cooperation and rotate the connecting piece.

3. The hydrogen breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cooling water tank spirally extending from the upper end of the hydrogen breaking kettle to the lower end of the hydrogen breaking kettle is arranged on the outer side of the hydrogen breaking kettle;

a first spiral material conveying blade is coaxially arranged in the hydrogen cracking kettle.

4. The hydrogen breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second spiral delivery blade is coaxially arranged inside the dehydrogenation reactor.

5. The hydrogen fracturing device of claim 1 wherein the first pressure balanced valve structure comprises a first upper pneumatic valve, a first lower pneumatic valve disposed on the feed line, and a first vacuum port and a first gas inlet disposed between the first upper pneumatic valve and the first lower pneumatic valve;

the second pressure balance valve structure comprises a second upper pneumatic valve and a second lower pneumatic valve which are arranged on the conveying pipe, and a second vacuumizing port and a second air inlet which are arranged between the second upper pneumatic valve and the second lower pneumatic valve.

6. The hydrogen breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding tank, the hydrogen breaking kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle and the discharging tank are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, and the hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation furnace are arranged in an inclined manner.

7. The hydrogen breaking device according to claim 6, wherein the feeding pipe is arranged in a multi-section bent shape, and a screw feeder is arranged in the feeding pipe.

8. A rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method using the hydrogen breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

(1) vacuumizing the hydrogen cracking kettle, and then inputting an inert atmosphere into the hydrogen cracking kettle to a first preset pressure value;

(2) rare earth alloy in the feed tank enters a rotary hydrogen breaking kettle through a feed pipe and a first pressure balance valve structure;

(3) closing the first pressure balance valve structure, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cracking kettle through the second pressure balance valve structure until the hydrogen pressure reaches a second preset pressure value, then closing the second pressure balance valve structure, and cooling the hydrogen cracking kettle;

(4) when the pressure in the hydrogen cracking kettle is reduced by a preset value, opening a second pressure balance valve structure and adjusting the pressure of the dehydrogenation furnace to enable the rare earth alloy to enter the rotary dehydrogenation furnace, vacuumizing and heating the dehydrogenation furnace until the temperature reaches 460-580 ℃, and keeping dehydrogenation for 4-5 hours;

(5) and (4) the rare earth alloy treated from the dehydrogenation furnace enters a discharge tank to finish hydrogen cracking.

9. The method for hydrogen decrepitation of rare earth alloy according to claim 1, wherein the inert atmosphere is one of argon gas and helium gas, and the first predetermined pressure value is 0.1-0.2 MPa.

10. A method for hydrogen decrepitation of rare earth alloy according to claim 1,

in the step (3), the second preset pressure value is 0.85-0.95 MPa;

the preset value in the step (4) is 0.2-0.3 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency hydrogen breaking device and a rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method.

Background

The rare earth alloy is crushed by utilizing the characteristic that the rare earth alloy absorbs hydrogen to expand and crush, the high-purity preparation of the rare earth alloy powder is promoted, and the method plays an important role in the preparation of near-single crystal powder in the fields of rare earth permanent magnets such as sintered neodymium iron boron and the like. Generally, hydrogen fragmentation is divided into two processes: hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation; the hydrogen absorption is to place the rare earth alloy in a reaction kettle, introduce hydrogen gas with certain pressure after vacuumizing, the hydrogen absorption is a heat release process, and spray cooling water is mostly adopted to ensure the sustainability of the hydrogen absorption process; and the dehydrogenation is to mix hydrogen and argon in the reaction kettle, discharge the mixture through a vacuum system, heat the material under the action of the vacuum system, and remove and cool the hydrogen to obtain the crushed rare earth alloy.

But hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation of the broken device of current hydrogen all go on in same reation kettle, and cooling and heating need the interval to go on in turn, have influenced production efficiency, and the cooling of hydrogen absorption process and the heating of dehydrogenation process still cause the waste of the energy in same reation kettle in addition, rise and fall the temperature repeatedly and also improve the safety requirement of equipment, increase equipment cost and risk.

On the other hand, the rare earth alloy is mostly divided into main phase crystal grains and a rare earth-rich grain boundary phase, and the grain boundary phase absorbs hydrogen quickly and is easy to break, so that the crystal fracture is realized, and the subsequent air flow milling process is facilitated to obtain single crystal powder. However, when a large amount of rare earth alloys are treated simultaneously, the hydrogen absorption reaction tends to be uneven, and excessive hydrogen absorption of a grain boundary phase easily causes pulverization, resulting in rare earth loss and affecting performance stability. Meanwhile, the heat conductivity between the blocky and flaky alloys is poor, the internal heat cannot be conducted out in time to influence the hydrogen absorption efficiency, the saturated hydrogen absorption is difficult to realize, and the over-absorption hydrogen pulverization of partial materials is further caused only by prolonging the time or increasing the hydrogen pressure, so that the performance of the materials is obviously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an efficient hydrogen breaking device to improve the efficiency and the safety of the hydrogen breaking process of rare earth alloy, aiming at solving the problems that the hydrogen absorption process and the dehydrogenation process of the existing rare earth alloy are carried out in the same reaction kettle during hydrogen breaking, the production efficiency is low, and the safety is influenced.

The invention also aims to provide a rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method utilizing the efficient hydrogen breaking device, which can avoid over-absorption hydrogen pulverization of the rare earth alloy and ensure the stability of the performance of the rare earth alloy.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

an efficient hydrogen breaking device comprises a rotatable hydrogen breaking kettle, a rotatable dehydrogenation kettle arranged below the hydrogen breaking kettle and a heating device used for heating the dehydrogenation kettle;

a feeding tank is arranged above the hydrogen cracking kettle, the top of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the feeding tank through a feeding pipe, and a first pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the feeding pipe;

the bottom of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the top of the dehydrogenation kettle through a material conveying pipe, and a second pressure balance valve structure is arranged on the material conveying pipe; the below of dehydrogenation cauldron is equipped with the discharge tank, the bottom and the discharge tank of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through the discharging pipe, be equipped with the bleeder valve on the discharging pipe.

The hydrogen breaking device is independently provided with the rotatable hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle is arranged below the hydrogen breaking kettle, and hydrogen absorption breaking and dehydrogenation are carried out on two independent occasions, so that cooling during hydrogen absorption breaking and heating during dehydrogenation are separately carried out, energy waste is avoided, short-time cold and hot alternation of the hydrogen breaking kettle is avoided, and the service life and the safety performance are improved; meanwhile, dehydrogenation operation is carried out in time after hydrogen absorption and crushing, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the top of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first upper rotating support piece, the bottom of the hydrogen cracking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first lower rotating support piece, and a first rotating connecting piece which can be matched with external force to drive the hydrogen cracking kettle to rotate is further arranged on the hydrogen cracking kettle;

the top and the conveying pipeline of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through rotating support piece on the second, the bottom and the discharging pipe of dehydrogenation cauldron rotate support piece under the second and connect, still be equipped with on the dehydrogenation cauldron can drive dehydrogenation cauldron pivoted second with the external force cooperation and rotate the connecting piece. The rotating support piece used in the invention can be a bearing, and the rotating connecting piece is a chain gear which can be in transmission connection with external force through a chain.

Preferably, a cooling water tank spirally extending from the upper end of the hydrogen cracking kettle to the lower end of the hydrogen cracking kettle is arranged on the outer side of the hydrogen cracking kettle;

a first spiral material conveying blade is coaxially arranged in the hydrogen cracking kettle.

The cooling water tank with the spiral line enables cooling water to surround the surface of the hydrogen breaking kettle, and the cooling water tank is combined with the rotation of the hydrogen breaking kettle to perform sufficient heat exchange, so that the saturated hydrogen absorption is realized. And the first spiral material conveying blade is beneficial to the rare earth alloy to continuously move downwards along the spiral channel in the rotating process of the hydrogen cracking kettle, so that sufficient heat exchange and hydrogen absorption are realized.

Preferably, a second spiral conveying blade is coaxially arranged inside the dehydrogenation kettle. The second spiral material conveying blade is beneficial to the rare earth alloy to continuously move downwards along the spiral channel in the rotation process of the dehydrogenation kettle, and sufficient heat exchange and dehydrogenation are realized.

Preferably, the first pressure balance valve structure comprises a first upper pneumatic valve and a first lower pneumatic valve which are arranged on the feeding pipe, and a first vacuumizing port and a first air inlet which are arranged between the first upper pneumatic valve and the first lower pneumatic valve;

the second pressure balance valve structure comprises a second upper pneumatic valve and a second lower pneumatic valve which are arranged on the conveying pipe, and a second vacuumizing port and a second air inlet which are arranged between the second upper pneumatic valve and the second lower pneumatic valve. The closing and opening of the inlet and inlet passages is controlled by pneumatic valves.

Preferably, the feeding tank, the hydrogen breaking kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle and the discharging tank are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, and the hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation furnace are obliquely arranged. The hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation kettle which are obliquely arranged can slow down the speed of the rare earth alloy in the downward moving process, improve the sufficient heat exchange and mass transfer processes of the rare earth alloy and be beneficial to realizing saturated hydrogen absorption and sufficient dehydrogenation. More importantly, due to the inclined arrangement, the hydrogen density is low, and the density of the filled inert gas such as argon is high, so that the initial feeding position is at the topmost end, the hydrogen concentration is high, and the hydrogen is favorably and quickly absorbed; after the raw materials move downwards along with rotation, the hydrogen concentration is reduced, the inert gas concentration is increased, excessive hydrogen absorption and pulverization are avoided, and the suitable inclination angle is 30-70 ℃.

Preferably, the feeding pipe is arranged in a multi-section bent shape, and a screw feeder is arranged in the feeding pipe. The feeding process is intensified by a screw feeder.

A rare earth alloy hydrogen cracking method using the hydrogen cracking device comprises the following steps:

(1) vacuumizing the hydrogen cracking kettle, and then inputting an inert atmosphere into the hydrogen cracking kettle to a first preset pressure value;

(2) rare earth alloy in the feed tank enters a rotary hydrogen breaking kettle through a feed pipe and a first pressure balance valve structure;

(3) closing the first pressure balance valve structure, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cracking kettle through the second pressure balance valve structure to a second preset pressure value, closing the second pressure balance valve structure, and cooling the hydrogen cracking kettle;

(4) when the pressure in the hydrogen cracking kettle is reduced by a preset value, opening a second pressure balance valve structure and adjusting the pressure of the dehydrogenation furnace to enable the rare earth alloy to enter the rotary dehydrogenation furnace, vacuumizing and heating the dehydrogenation furnace until the temperature reaches 460-580 ℃, and keeping dehydrogenation for 4-5 hours;

(5) and (4) the rare earth alloy treated from the dehydrogenation furnace enters a discharge tank to finish hydrogen cracking.

The hydrogen breaking method of the invention depends on the hydrogen breaking device, and simultaneously, in the implementation process, before feeding and introducing hydrogen, inert atmosphere with certain pressure is filled into the hydrogen breaking kettle, because the density of the inert atmosphere is greater than that of the hydrogen, after the hydrogen is introduced, the inert atmosphere is mostly positioned at the lower part of the hydrogen breaking kettle, and the hydrogen is mostly positioned at the upper part of the hydrogen breaking kettle, thereby reducing the hydrogen absorption incubation period and improving the hydrogen absorption efficiency; meanwhile, when the crushed rare earth alloy moves to the lower part, the hydrogen partial pressure at the lower part is lower, so that excessive hydrogen absorption and pulverization are avoided.

Preferably, the inert atmosphere is one of argon and helium, and the first predetermined pressure value is 0.1-0.2 MPa.

As a preference for the process of the present invention,

in the step (3), the second preset pressure value is 0.85-0.95 MPa;

the preset value in the step (4) is 0.2-0.3 MPa.

The time of hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation is determined by controlling the pressure in the hydrogen absorption process, saturated hydrogen absorption is promoted, and excessive hydrogen absorption and pulverization are avoided. And the hydrogen is directly pumped to the outdoor by using a vacuum pump and easily enters the explosion limit concentration of the hydrogen, thereby bringing potential safety hazard.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking device can realize that hydrogen breaking and dehydrogenation of rare earth alloy are separately and independently carried out, thereby not only improving the production efficiency, but also avoiding the alternate treatment of cooling and heating of a hydrogen breaking reaction kettle in the prior art and improving the operation safety of equipment. Meanwhile, the hydrogen cracking method can avoid excessive hydrogen cracking of the rare earth alloy and improve the performance stability of the rare earth alloy after hydrogen cracking.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a hydrogen breaking device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of the hydrogen breaking device in fig. 1, with the heating device omitted.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view at C-C in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at a-a in fig. 2.

In the figure, 1, a hydrogen cracking kettle, 11, a first upper rotating bearing, 12, a first lower rotating bearing, 13, a first chain gear, 14, a cooling water tank, 15, a first spiral conveying blade, 2, a dehydrogenation kettle, 21, a heating device, 22, a second upper rotating bearing, 23, a second lower rotating bearing, 24, a second chain gear, 25, a second spiral conveying blade, 3, a feeding tank, 31, a feeding valve, 4, a discharging tank, 41, a discharging valve, 5, a feeding pipe, 51, an upper feeding pipe section, 52, a screw feeding pipe section, 521, a screw feeder, 53, a pressure control feeding pipe section, 54, a first pressure balance valve structure, 541, a first upper butterfly valve, 542, a first lower butterfly valve, 543, a first vacuum pumping port, 544, a first air inlet, 55, a lower feeding pipe section, 6, a conveying pipe, 61, an upper conveying pipe section, 62, a pressure control conveying pipe section, 63, a second pressure balance valve structure, 631. a second upper butterfly valve 632, a second lower butterfly valve 633, a second vacuumizing port 634, a second air inlet 64, a lower material conveying pipe section 7 and a material discharging pipe.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention.

The starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available or commonly used in the art, unless otherwise specified, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified.

Hydrogen destruction apparatus embodiment 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency hydrogen breaking device comprises a feeding tank 3, a rotatable hydrogen breaking kettle 1, a rotatable dehydrogenation kettle 2 and a discharging tank 4 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 3, a cooling water tank 14 formed by spirally extending from the upper end of the hydrogen cracking kettle to the lower end of the hydrogen cracking kettle is arranged on the outer side of the hydrogen cracking kettle, and a first spiral material conveying blade 15 is coaxially arranged inside the hydrogen cracking kettle. The surface of the dehydrogenation kettle is provided with a heating device 21, and the heating device is two electric heating plates which are attached to the surface of the dehydrogenation kettle and can be encircled into a cylinder. As shown in FIG. 4, a second screw blade 25 is coaxially disposed inside the dehydrogenation reactor.

The feeding tank, the hydrogen breaking kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle and the discharging tank are sequentially arranged in a staggered mode in the vertical direction, the hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation kettle are arranged in an inclined mode, the suitable inclination angle is 30-70 degrees, and in the specific embodiment, the inclination angle is 60 degrees.

The feeding tank, the hydrogen cracking kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle and the discharging tank are sequentially connected through a feeding pipe 5, a conveying pipe 6 and a discharging pipe 7. The top of the hydrogen breaking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first upper rotating bearing 11, the bottom of the hydrogen breaking kettle is connected with the feeding pipe through a first lower rotating bearing 12, and a first chain gear 13 which can be matched with external force to drive the hydrogen breaking kettle to rotate is further arranged on the hydrogen breaking kettle. The top and the conveying pipeline of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through rotation bearing 22 on the second, and the bottom and the discharging pipe of dehydrogenation cauldron are connected through rotation bearing 23 under the second, still are equipped with on the dehydrogenation cauldron can drive dehydrogenation cauldron pivoted second chain gear 24 with external force cooperation. The first chain gear and the second chain gear are in transmission connection with external force through a transmission chain and respectively drive the hydrogen breaking kettle and the dehydrogenation kettle to rotate.

Because the feeding tank, the hydrogen cracking kettle, the dehydrogenation kettle and the discharging tank are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, the feeding pipe and the conveying pipe are arranged in a multi-section bent manner.

The feeding pipe is composed of an upper feeding pipe section 51, a screw feeding pipe section 52, a pressure control feeding pipe section 53 and a lower feeding pipe section 55 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The feed tank is connected to the upper feed pipe section and a feed valve 31 is provided at the inlet of the upper feed pipe section. As shown in fig. 5, a screw feeder 521 is arranged in the screw feeding pipe section, a screw of the screw feeder is coaxially arranged with the screw feeding pipe section, and an input shaft of the screw feeder extends out of the screw feeding pipe section so as to be conveniently connected with a rotating motor and the like. The pressure control feeding pipe section is provided with a first pressure balance valve structure 54, which comprises a first upper butterfly valve 541, a first lower butterfly valve 542, a first vacuum-pumping port 543 and a first air inlet 544, wherein the first upper butterfly valve and the first lower butterfly valve are arranged on the pressure control feeding pipe section.

The feeding pipe is composed of an upper feeding pipe section 61, a pressure control feeding pipe section 62 and a lower feeding pipe section 64 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a second pressure balance valve structure 63 is arranged on the pressure control feeding pipe and comprises a second upper butterfly valve 631, a second lower butterfly valve 632, a second vacuumizing hole 633 and a second air inlet 634 which are arranged between the second upper butterfly valve and the second lower butterfly valve.

In order to control the discharge, a discharge valve 41 is arranged on the discharge pipe.

Embodiment 2 of hydrogen destruction device

On the basis of the embodiment 1 of the hydrogen cracking device, the hydrogen cracking kettle is vertically arranged.

Embodiment 3 of hydrogen destruction device

On the basis of the embodiment 1 of the hydrogen cracking device, the hydrogen cracking kettle is horizontally arranged.

Hydrogen decrepitation method embodiment 1

A rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method is carried out by adopting a hydrogen breaking device embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

(1) opening a first lower butterfly valve and a first vacuumizing port, vacuumizing the hydrogen breaking kettle by using an air pump, then closing the first vacuumizing port, and inputting argon into the hydrogen breaking kettle through a first air inlet until the first preset pressure value is 0.1MPa, wherein the purity of the argon is 99.999%;

(2) closing the first air inlet, opening a feed valve and a first upper butterfly valve, and enabling the rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheet in the feed tank to enter the rotary hydrogen cracking kettle through the feed pipe and the first pressure balance valve structure;

(3) introducing cooling water into the cooling water tank to cool the hydrogen cracking kettle, closing the first pressure balance valve structure, opening the second upper butterfly valve and the second air inlet, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cracking kettle until the hydrogen pressure reaches a second preset pressure value of 0.9MPa, and closing the second pressure balance valve structure, wherein the hydrogen purity is 99.999%;

(4) when the pressure in the hydrogen breaking kettle is reduced by 0.2MPa, opening a second upper butterfly valve, a second lower butterfly valve and a second vacuumizing port, adjusting the pressure of the dehydrogenation furnace, enabling the broken rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheets to enter the rotary dehydrogenation furnace, vacuumizing and heating the dehydrogenation furnace until the temperature reaches 500 ℃, and keeping dehydrogenation for 4 hours;

(5) and (4) the rare earth alloy treated from the dehydrogenation furnace enters a discharge tank to finish hydrogen cracking.

Hydrogen decrepitation method embodiment 2

A rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method is carried out by adopting a hydrogen breaking device embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

(1) opening a first lower butterfly valve and a first vacuumizing port, vacuumizing the hydrogen breaking kettle by using an air pump, then closing the first vacuumizing port, and inputting argon into the hydrogen breaking kettle through a first air inlet until a first preset pressure value is 0.2 MPa;

(2) closing the first air inlet, opening a feed valve and a first upper butterfly valve, and enabling the rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheet in the feed tank to enter the rotary hydrogen cracking kettle through the feed pipe and the first pressure balance valve structure;

(3) introducing cooling water into the cooling water tank to cool the hydrogen breaking kettle, closing the first pressure balance valve structure, opening the second upper butterfly valve and the second air inlet, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen breaking kettle until the hydrogen pressure reaches a second preset pressure value of 0.95MPa, and then closing the second pressure balance valve structure;

(4) when the pressure in the hydrogen breaking kettle is reduced by 0.3MPa, opening a second upper butterfly valve, a second lower butterfly valve and a second vacuumizing port, adjusting the pressure of the dehydrogenation furnace, enabling the broken rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheets to enter the rotary dehydrogenation furnace, vacuumizing and heating the dehydrogenation furnace until the temperature reaches 460 ℃, and keeping dehydrogenation for 5 hours;

(5) and (4) the rare earth alloy treated from the dehydrogenation furnace enters a discharge tank to finish hydrogen cracking.

Hydrogen decrepitation method embodiment 3

A rare earth alloy hydrogen breaking method is carried out by adopting a hydrogen breaking device embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

(1) opening a first lower butterfly valve and a first vacuumizing port, vacuumizing the hydrogen breaking kettle by using an air pump, then closing the first vacuumizing port, and inputting argon into the hydrogen breaking kettle through a first air inlet until a first preset pressure value is 0.1 MPa;

(2) closing the first air inlet, opening a feed valve and a first upper butterfly valve, and enabling the rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheet in the feed tank to enter the rotary hydrogen cracking kettle through the feed pipe and the first pressure balance valve structure;

(3) introducing cooling water into the cooling water tank to cool the hydrogen breaking kettle, closing the first pressure balance valve structure, opening the second upper butterfly valve and the second air inlet, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen breaking kettle until the hydrogen pressure reaches a second preset pressure value of 0.85MPa, and then closing the second pressure balance valve structure;

(4) when the pressure in the hydrogen breaking kettle is reduced by 0.25MPa, opening a second upper butterfly valve, a second lower butterfly valve and a second vacuumizing port, adjusting the pressure of the dehydrogenation furnace, enabling the broken rare earth alloy rapid-hardening sheets to enter the rotary dehydrogenation furnace, vacuumizing and heating the dehydrogenation furnace until the temperature reaches 580 ℃, and keeping dehydrogenation for 4 hours;

(5) and (4) the rare earth alloy treated from the dehydrogenation furnace enters a discharge tank to finish hydrogen cracking.

Hydrogen decrepitation method embodiment 4

The difference from embodiment 1 of the hydrogen fracturing method is that the hydrogen fracturing device used has the structure described in embodiment 2 of the hydrogen fracturing device.

Hydrogen decrepitation method embodiment 5

The difference from embodiment 1 of the hydrogen fracturing method is that the hydrogen fracturing device used has the structure described in embodiment 3 of the hydrogen fracturing device.

Comparison method

The difference from the embodiment 1 of the hydrogen fracturing method is that argon gas is not introduced in the step (1), and the hydrogen gas is dredged and collected in time when being pumped out from the reaction kettle, so as to avoid aggregation.

The performance of the rare earth alloy powder correspondingly prepared by the hydrogen decrepitation embodiments

And respectively feeding the rare earth alloy powder obtained by hydrogen fracturing into an airflow mill, preparing the magnet with the same specification by profiling and sintering, and testing the performance of the magnet, wherein the performance is shown in the following table.

As can be seen from the table, the hydrogen breaking effect of embodiment 1 is better, the hydrogen absorption effect of embodiment 4 is insufficient, and the hydrogen absorption excess occurs in embodiment 5 and the comparative mode, wherein the hydrogen absorption supersaturation of the comparative mode causes hydrogen breaking powder and the overall performance is deviated more.