阅读说明：本技术 带留孔功能的码垛装置 (Stacking device with hole reserving function ) 是由 吕浩铭 于 2020-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种带留孔功能的码垛装置,包括留孔执行机构、留孔工作台和码垛工作台,其中留孔执行机构运行于于留孔工作台和码垛工作台之间；留孔执行机构的挡块留孔机构设有钢丝绳、弹簧、挡块；钢丝绳穿过被压缩的弹簧连接挡块。钢丝绳处于紧绷状态下,挡块留空机构表现出刚性,弹簧顶住挡块,难以移动；钢丝绳处于松弛状态下,挡块留空机构表现出柔性,挡块能够向前后左右不同方向平移和扭转,从而使挡块能够进行更多自由度的移动,足以应对砖坯拼成的叉车孔预留位置与挡块形状和位置有偏差的复杂工况。(A stacking device with a hole reserving function comprises a hole reserving actuating mechanism, a hole reserving workbench and a stacking workbench, wherein the hole reserving actuating mechanism runs between the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench; the stop block hole reserving mechanism of the hole reserving actuating mechanism is provided with a steel wire rope, a spring and a stop block; the steel wire rope penetrates through the compressed spring to be connected with the stop block. When the steel wire rope is in a tight state, the stop block clearance mechanism shows rigidity, and the spring props against the stop block and is difficult to move; when the steel wire rope is in a loose state, the stop block clearance mechanism shows flexibility, and the stop block can translate and twist in different directions, so that the stop block can move with more degrees of freedom, and the stop block can sufficiently cope with the complex working condition that the reserved position of a forklift hole formed by splicing adobes deviates from the shape and the position of the stop block.)

1. A stacking device with a hole reserving function comprises a hole reserving actuating mechanism, a hole reserving workbench and a stacking workbench, wherein the hole reserving actuating mechanism runs between the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench; the hole reserving actuating mechanism sequentially comprises a lifting transverse moving column, a rotating frame, a left clamping mechanism, a right clamping mechanism, a front clamping mechanism, a rear clamping mechanism and a stop block hole reserving mechanism from top to bottom;

the rotary frame comprises a square rotary frame bottom plate, a rotary gear, a cylindrical sliding rod seat, a pneumatic element mounting plate, a front cylindrical sliding rod, a rear cylindrical sliding rod, a left cylindrical sliding rod and a right cylindrical sliding rod;

the device is characterized in that the stop block hole reserving mechanism comprises a pneumatic element, a frame-shaped fixing frame, an adjusting screw rod, a spring, a steel wire rope and a stop block; the upper part of the pneumatic element is fixed on the pneumatic element mounting plate, and the lower part of the pneumatic element is fixed on two sides of the fixing frame; four corners of the fixed frame are provided with long holes with the length direction same as the axial direction of the left and right cylindrical sliding rods; an adjusting bolt is fixed in each long hole; the steel wire rope is positioned below the fixing frame and surrounded by the compressed spring, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the adjusting bolt, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the stop block; only two steel wire ropes are fixed on each stop block, and the length direction of each stop block is perpendicular to the direction of the long hole.

2. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a motor base is arranged on one side of the lifting and transverse moving column, a motor is arranged on the motor base, and a motor gear is arranged on the motor and has a downward motor shaft; and a travelling wheel positioned on a travelling track is arranged above the lifting and transverse moving column, and the travelling track must pass through the upper part of the hole-reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

3. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a rotating gear meshed with a motor gear is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the rotating frame bottom plate, and the rotating gear is hinged with the bottom surface of the lifting transverse moving column; pneumatic element mounting plates are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of a bottom plate of the rotating frame, cylindrical sliding rod seats consisting of two perforated plates, four sets of long rod bolts and nuts are arranged at four corners of the bottom plate of the rotating frame respectively, and the perforated plates and the long rod bolts sequentially fix the middle parts of the front cylindrical sliding rod, the rear cylindrical sliding rod, the left cylindrical sliding rod and the right cylindrical sliding rod with the rotating frame from bottom to top.

4. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the upper part of the left clamping mechanism and the right clamping mechanism are respectively symmetrically provided with a left sliding rod hole, a right sliding rod hole and a hydraulic mounting hole which are connected with the left cylindrical sliding rod and the right cylindrical sliding rod; the hydraulic mounting holes are connected with left and right clamping mechanisms on the left and right sides through hinged left and right hydraulic cylinders.

5. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: front and back slide bar holes connected with the front and back cylindrical slide bars are arranged on two sides of the upper part of the front and back clamping mechanisms, connecting angle steel is arranged in the middle of the front and back slide bar holes for connection, and a hydraulic mounting box for fixing the front and back hydraulic cylinders is arranged in the middle of the connecting angle steel.

6. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel wire rope has certain flexibility and elasticity, and the tensile strength of the steel wire rope can resist the elastic force of the compressed spring.

7. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stop is made of hardwood.

8. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottoms of the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism and the rear clamping mechanism are not lower than the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

9. The palletizing device with a hole reserving function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each set of the pneumatic element is provided with two cylinders, and the two cylinders are symmetrical front and back relative to the fixed frame.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sintered brick stacking in industrial production of building materials, in particular to a stacking device with a hole reserving function.

Background

At present, in the production process of green bricks, after the green bricks are fired (or steamed) and formed, if a tray-free packaging and transporting mode is adopted in the loading and transporting process, fork truck holes are reserved on the green bricks which need to be stacked and packaged so as to facilitate loading and unloading of a fork truck.

In the prior art, in order to form the forklift holes, a stop block is arranged so as to be spliced with a green brick into a complete layer. And then after the complete layer is stacked to a designated position by the stacking equipment, the stop dog leaves the green brick, and the formed hole is the forklift hole. These dogs need the location accurate to guarantee that the fork truck hole that leaves is fit for the entering of fork truck fork strip, and can carry out the displacement of certain degree on the horizontal direction, in order to adapt to the whole offset that adobe appears at pile up neatly in-process. However, when a plurality of green bricks are spliced into a whole in the stacking process, not only the whole position deviation can occur, but also the condition that the spliced whole and the stop block form an angle on the horizontal plane exists. Sometimes, the positions and the shapes of the reserved forklift holes are not very accurate and regular in arrangement of the green bricks in rows and columns, and the stop blocks are required to have certain adaptability to adapt to the working conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a stacking device with a hole reserving function.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a stacking device with a hole reserving function comprises a hole reserving actuating mechanism, a hole reserving workbench and a stacking workbench, wherein the hole reserving actuating mechanism runs between the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench; the hole reserving actuating mechanism sequentially comprises a lifting transverse moving column, a rotating frame, a left clamping mechanism, a right clamping mechanism, a front clamping mechanism, a rear clamping mechanism and a stop block hole reserving mechanism from top to bottom;

the rotary frame comprises a square rotary frame bottom plate, a rotary gear, a cylindrical sliding rod seat, a pneumatic element mounting plate, a front cylindrical sliding rod, a rear cylindrical sliding rod, a left cylindrical sliding rod and a right cylindrical sliding rod;

the device is characterized in that the stop block hole reserving mechanism comprises a pneumatic element, a frame-shaped fixing frame, an adjusting screw rod, a spring, a steel wire rope and a stop block; the upper part of the pneumatic element is fixed on the pneumatic element mounting plate, and the lower part of the pneumatic element is fixed on two sides of the fixing frame; four corners of the fixed frame are provided with long holes with the length direction same as the axial direction of the left and right cylindrical sliding rods; an adjusting bolt is fixed in each long hole; the steel wire rope is positioned below the fixing frame and surrounded by the compressed spring, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the adjusting bolt, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the stop block; only two steel wire ropes are fixed on each stop block, and the length direction of each stop block is perpendicular to the direction of the long hole.

Preferably, a motor base is arranged on one side of the lifting and transverse moving column, a motor is mounted on the motor base, and a motor gear is mounted on the motor and faces downwards; and a travelling wheel positioned on a travelling track is arranged above the lifting and transverse moving column, and the travelling track must pass through the upper part of the hole-reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

Preferably, a rotating gear meshed with a motor gear is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the rotating frame, and the rotating gear is hinged with the bottom surface of the lifting and transverse moving column; pneumatic element mounting plates are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of a bottom plate of the rotating frame, cylindrical sliding rod seats consisting of two perforated plates, four sets of long rod bolts and nuts are arranged at four corners of the bottom plate of the rotating frame respectively, and the perforated plates and the long rod bolts sequentially fix the middle parts of the front cylindrical sliding rod, the rear cylindrical sliding rod, the left cylindrical sliding rod and the right cylindrical sliding rod with the rotating frame from bottom to top.

Preferably, the left and right sides of the upper part of the left and right clamping mechanisms are respectively symmetrically provided with a left and right sliding rod hole and a hydraulic mounting hole which are connected with the left and right cylindrical sliding rods; the hydraulic mounting holes are connected with left and right clamping mechanisms on the left and right sides through hinged left and right hydraulic cylinders.

Preferably, front and rear slide bar holes connected with the front and rear cylindrical slide bars are arranged on two sides of the upper part of the front and rear clamping mechanisms, connecting angle steel is arranged between the front and rear slide bar holes for connection, and a hydraulic mounting box for fixing the front and rear hydraulic cylinders is arranged in the middle of the connecting angle steel.

Preferably, the steel cord has a certain flexibility and elasticity and a tensile strength against the elastic force of the compressed spring.

Preferably, the stop is made of hardwood.

Preferably, the bottoms of the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism and the rear clamping mechanism are not lower than the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

Preferably, each set of the pneumatic element is provided with two cylinders, and the two cylinders are symmetrical front and back relative to the fixed frame.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a stacking device with a hole reserving function, which comprises a hole reserving actuating mechanism, a hole reserving workbench and a stacking workbench, wherein the hole reserving actuating mechanism runs between the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench; the stop block hole reserving mechanism of the hole reserving actuating mechanism is provided with a steel wire rope, a spring and a stop block; the steel wire rope penetrates through the compressed spring to be connected with the stop block. When the steel wire rope is in a tight state, the stop block clearance mechanism shows rigidity, and the spring props against the stop block and is difficult to move; when the steel wire rope is in a loose state, the stop block clearance mechanism shows flexibility, and the stop block can translate and twist in different directions, so that the stop block can move with more degrees of freedom, and the stop block can sufficiently cope with the complex working condition that the reserved position of a forklift hole formed by splicing adobes deviates from the shape and the position of the stop block.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the palletizing device with a hole reserving function of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of a rigid-flexible combined hole reserving actuating mechanism of the stacking device with the hole reserving function, provided by the invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the right side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a stop block hole reserving mechanism of the rigid-flexible combined hole reserving actuating mechanism of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the unloaded front view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front view of FIG. 5 under load;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front view of the green brick of FIG. 5 angled with respect to the stop;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view C of FIG. 10;

in the figure: 1. lifting transverse moving column, 11 motor base, 12 motor, 13 motor gear, 14 walking wheel, 15 walking track, 2 rotating frame, 21 rotating frame bottom plate, 22 rotating gear, 23 cylindrical slide bar base, 231 band hole plate, 24 pneumatic element mounting plate, 25 front and rear cylindrical slide bars, 26 left and right cylindrical slide bars, 3 left and right clamping mechanism, 31 left and right slide bar holes, 32 hydraulic mounting hole, 33 left and right hydraulic cylinder, 4. the hydraulic stacking machine comprises a front clamping mechanism, a rear clamping mechanism, 41 front and rear sliding rod holes, 42 connecting angle steel, 43 hydraulic mounting boxes, 44 front and rear hydraulic cylinders, 5 stop block hole reserving mechanisms, 51 pneumatic elements, 511 air cylinders, 52 fixing frames, 521 long holes, 53 adjusting screws, 54 springs, 55 steel wire ropes, 56 stops, 6 green bricks, 61 forklift hole reserving positions, 7 hole reserving workbenches and 8 stacking workbenches.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-11, a palletizing device with a hole reserving function comprises a hole reserving actuating mechanism, a hole reserving workbench and a palletizing workbench, wherein the hole reserving actuating mechanism runs between the hole reserving workbench and the palletizing workbench; the hole reserving actuating mechanism sequentially comprises a lifting transverse moving column, a rotating frame, a left clamping mechanism, a right clamping mechanism, a front clamping mechanism, a rear clamping mechanism and a stop block hole reserving mechanism from top to bottom;

the rotary frame comprises a square rotary frame bottom plate, a rotary gear, a cylindrical sliding rod seat, a pneumatic element mounting plate, a front cylindrical sliding rod, a rear cylindrical sliding rod, a left cylindrical sliding rod and a right cylindrical sliding rod;

the stop block hole reserving mechanism comprises a pneumatic element, a frame-shaped fixing frame, an adjusting screw rod, a spring, a steel wire rope and a stop block; the upper part of the pneumatic element is fixed on the pneumatic element mounting plate, and the lower part of the pneumatic element is fixed on two sides of the fixing frame; four corners of the fixed frame are provided with long holes with the length direction same as the axial direction of the left and right cylindrical sliding rods; an adjusting bolt is fixed in each long hole; the steel wire rope is positioned below the fixing frame and surrounded by the compressed spring, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the adjusting bolt, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the stop block; only two steel wire ropes are fixed on each stop block, and the length direction of each stop block is vertical to the direction of the long hole; the adjusting bolt can adjust the position in the long hole to adjust the distance between the stop blocks, so that the green brick stacking machine is suitable for green bricks of various sizes.

A motor base is arranged on one side of the lifting and transverse moving column, a motor is arranged on the motor base, and a motor gear is arranged on the motor and has a downward motor shaft; the lifting and transverse moving column is provided with a travelling wheel on a travelling track above so as to move the grabbed whole layer of green bricks, and the travelling track can only circulate the green bricks between the hole-reserving workbench and the stacking workbench by passing through the positions above the hole-reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

A rotating gear meshed with the motor gear is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the bottom plate of the rotating frame and is hinged with the bottom surface of the lifting and transverse moving column at the same time, so that the motor drives the motor gear to drive the rotating gear to drive the whole rotating frame to rotate; pneumatic element mounting plates are arranged on two sides of the lower surface of a bottom plate of the rotating frame, cylindrical sliding rod seats consisting of two perforated plates, four sets of long rod bolts and nuts are arranged at four corners of the bottom plate of the rotating frame respectively, and the perforated plates and the long rod bolts sequentially fix the middle parts of the front cylindrical sliding rod, the rear cylindrical sliding rod, the left cylindrical sliding rod and the right cylindrical sliding rod with the rotating frame from bottom to top.

The two sides of the upper part of the left clamping mechanism and the right clamping mechanism are respectively symmetrically provided with a left sliding rod hole, a right sliding rod hole and a hydraulic mounting hole which are connected with the left cylindrical sliding rod and the right cylindrical sliding rod; the hydraulic mounting holes are connected with left and right clamping mechanisms on the left and right sides through hinged left and right hydraulic cylinders.

Front and back slide bar holes connected with the front and back cylindrical slide bars are arranged on two sides of the upper part of the front and back clamping mechanisms, connecting angle steel is arranged in the middle of the front and back slide bar holes for connection, and a hydraulic mounting box for fixing the front and back hydraulic cylinders is arranged in the middle of the connecting angle steel.

The steel wire rope has certain flexibility and elasticity, and the tensile strength of the steel wire rope can resist the elastic force of the compressed spring.

The stop dog is made for hardwood, when giving consideration to the hardness, has also guaranteed the frictional force between with the adobe.

The bottoms of the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism and the rear clamping mechanism are not lower than the hole reserving workbench and the stacking workbench.

Each set of the pneumatic element is provided with two cylinders, and the two cylinders are symmetrical front and back relative to the fixed frame.

The working process of the invention is as follows: adjusting a rigid-flexible combined reserved hole executing mechanism, and adjusting the relative position between the adjusting bolts to enable the stop block to be suspended right above a reserved position of a forklift hole designed on a reserved hole workbench; then, screwing the adjusting bolt, tensioning the steel wire rope, pre-tightening and compressing the spring, and jacking and pressing the fixed frame and the stop block; at the moment, the fixed frame and the stop block are connected in a way that the steel wire rope is matched with the spring; the steel wire rope enables the stop block to be suspended below the fixing frame, and the compressed spring enables the stop block not to easily swing left and right relative to the fixing frame, so that the parallel connection of the stop block and the fixing frame is ensured;

when no forklift hole reserved position exists on the hole reserving workbench, the stacking device with the hole reserving function moves to the position above the hole reserving workbench along the traveling track; the lifting transverse moving column descends to drive the left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms and the stop blocks to descend, the pneumatic element is not started, the air cylinder keeps an initial state, the left and right clamping mechanisms and the front and rear clamping mechanisms reach the hole reserving workbench in one step, and the stop blocks are retained above the arrangement of the green bricks; then, the left and right clamping mechanisms and the front and rear clamping mechanisms are folded inwards to clamp tight green brick arrangement, the lifting traversing column ascends to drive the tight green brick arrangement upwards, and the lifting traversing column moves towards the stacking workbench after reaching a certain height; after the green bricks reach the upper part of the stacking workbench, the lifting traversing column descends, and after the green bricks reach a proper position, the tight green bricks are loosened and clamped, and the green bricks are arranged and fall on the stacking workbench; the lifting traversing column ascends to drive the left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms and the stop blocks to ascend, and after the ascending limit of the lifting traversing column is reached, the stacking device with the hole reserving function returns to the hole reserving workbench to process the next green brick arrangement;

when the single-layer green bricks at the reserved positions of the forklift holes are arranged below the rigid-flexible combined hole reserving actuating mechanism, the lifting transverse moving column descends to drive the left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms and the stop blocks to descend; meanwhile, the pneumatic element is started, and the air cylinder extends to enable the stop block to reach the hole reserving workbench before the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism and the rear clamping mechanism and further enter the reserved position of the forklift hole; after the stop block enters the reserved position of the forklift hole, the pneumatic element stops immediately;

the fixed frame, the left and right clamping mechanisms and the front and rear clamping mechanisms continue to synchronously descend until the left and right clamping mechanisms and the front and rear clamping mechanisms reach positions suitable for clamping; in the descending process, the spring is further compressed from the time when the stop block enters the reserved position of the forklift hole to the time when the whole descending process is finished, and the compressed height of the spring is smaller than the length of the steel wire rope; the steel wire rope is in a loose and unstressed state, and the spring is used as a main connection mode between the fixing frame and the stop block; the dog is compressed tightly on the holing workstation surface, avoids left and right fixture in the back, and the dog is extruded when front and back fixture presss from both sides tightly.

And then, the left and right clamping mechanisms and the front and rear clamping mechanisms are inwards folded to clamp tight green brick arrangement, the lifting transverse moving column ascends to drive the green brick arrangement and the stop blocks to ascend to the ascending limit of the lifting transverse moving column, and then the green bricks move on the walking track along with the walking wheels. The left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms, the stop block hole reserving mechanism and the rotating frame can be rotated by 90 degrees in the movement, and the action process is as follows: the motor is started to drive the motor gear to rotate, the rotating gear is driven to rotate, and then the rotating frame, the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism, the rear clamping mechanism, the stop block hole reserving mechanism and the green bricks are driven to rotate until the green bricks rotate 90 degrees.

Finally, the travelling wheels reach the upper part of the stacking workbench to stop, and the lifting traversing column descends to drive the left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms and the stop blocks to descend; when the lifting traversing column descends to reach the required height, the left clamping mechanism, the right clamping mechanism, the front clamping mechanism and the rear clamping mechanism are loosened, the pneumatic element is reversely started, and the air cylinder contracts; then the lifting traversing column rises to drive the left and right clamping mechanisms, the front and rear clamping mechanisms to be loosened and the pneumatic element to be restored to the initial state; after the lifting traversing column rises and returns to the initial state, the travelling wheels return to the position above the hole reserving workbench. In the process of returning to the position above the hole reserving worktable, the motor rotates reversely to cause the rotary gear to rotate reversely, and the initial state is recovered

And the inward process of drawing in of fixture about, the adobe on the work bench of staying hole has two kinds of error conditions to appear:

1. due to errors in placement during feeding in the previous procedure, the position deviation of the row of green bricks is caused relative to the position of the vertical projection of the stop block on the hole-reserving worktable;

2. the manufacturing error of a single green brick causes the accumulation error of the row of green bricks, so that the side surface of the row of green bricks, which is contacted with the stop block, is inclined relative to the side surface of the stop block; in the face of the error, the invention solves the problem in the inward folding process of the left and right clamping mechanisms.

In the face of error case 1: in the process that the left and right clamping mechanisms are folded inwards, green bricks pushed by the left and right clamping mechanisms push the two stop blocks to be folded inwards in sequence; the steel wire rope begins to incline along with the inclination of the green brick, so that a horizontal deflection included angle is formed between the steel wire rope and the fixing frame, and the spring continuously presses the stop block and the fixing frame by taking the steel wire rope as an axis; after the left and right clamping mechanisms are completely folded, the steel wire ropes on the two stop blocks are sequentially twisted to a certain degree, and the twisting of the steel wire ropes is stopped; the stop block compensates the position deviation of the row of green bricks, and is beneficial to the clamping, lifting and walking at the back.

In the face of error case 2: after the left and right clamping mechanisms are folded inwards, only two steel wire ropes on the single block form different included angles with the fixing frame, even the two steel wire ropes are opposite in inclination direction; the stop dog can produce certain deflection according to the side of the brick row to be close to the side of the brick row as far as possible, so that the brick blank can not scatter in the process that the following travelling wheels move on the travelling track or the rotating frame rotates by 90 degrees.

It should be noted that the rotation of the rotary gear by 90 degrees and the reverse rotation by 90 degrees are performed once every other layer in the initial state; the rotary stacking machine can reach the upper part of the stacking workbench for stacking after rotation is completed. Each layer of green bricks is arranged and arranged perpendicular to the adjacent green bricks. Such a palletizing mode facilitates subsequent packing into a whole.