阅读说明：本技术 软组织修复补片材料、软组织修复补片及其制作方法和应用 (Soft tissue repair patch material, soft tissue repair patch and manufacturing method and application thereof ) 是由 张楷乐 牛长梅 杨熙 李文尧 傅强 赵伟新 王丽阳 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种软组织修复补片材料、软组织修复补片及其制作方法和应用,涉及生物组织修复技术领域。该软组织修复补片材料包括海藻酸钠/石墨烯水凝胶与纤维蛋白/石墨烯水凝胶,其中,海藻酸钠/石墨烯水凝胶具有一定的力学强度,且降解速率较慢,能够弥补纤维蛋白/石墨烯水凝胶力学性能的不足和降解速率过快,从而为制得的软组织修复补片提供足够的力学支撑和组织修复时间,纤维蛋白/石墨烯水凝胶有利于细胞大量扩增繁殖,促进软组织修复,通过上述两种水凝胶体系协同配合使用,从而赋予采用该软组织修复补片材料制得的软组织修复补片具有适合临床使用的力学性能、与组织修复匹配的降解速率和良好的细胞相容性,具有广泛的临床应用前景。(The invention provides a soft tissue repair patch material, a soft tissue repair patch and a manufacturing method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of biological tissue repair. The soft tissue repair patch material comprises sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel, wherein the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel has certain mechanical strength and slow degradation rate, can make up for the deficiency of the mechanical property of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel and the over-fast degradation rate, thereby providing enough mechanical support and tissue repair time for the prepared soft tissue repair patch, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is beneficial to the mass amplification and propagation of cells and the soft tissue repair is promoted, and through the cooperative use of the two hydrogel systems, therefore, the soft tissue repair patch prepared by adopting the soft tissue repair patch material has the mechanical property suitable for clinical use, the degradation rate matched with tissue repair, good cell compatibility and wide clinical application prospect.)

1. The soft tissue repair patch material is characterized by comprising sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel;

preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is (1-10): 1.

2. the soft tissue repair patch material of claim 1, wherein the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and a first solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the gelatin to the graphene to the first solvent is (10-30): (10-30): (0.01-0.3): 1000, preferably (11-28): (11-28): (0.1-0.3): 1000, parts by weight;

preferably, the first solvent comprises a phosphate buffered saline solution;

preferably, the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel A formed by mixing sodium alginate, gelatin and part of the first solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest part of the first solvent, and then mixing with the gel A to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

3. The soft tissue repair patch material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and a second solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the fibrin, the gelatin, the graphene, the hyaluronic acid, the glycerol and the second solvent is (10-30): (25-45): (0.01-0.3): (1-5): (50-150): 1000, preferably (11-28): (26-44): (0.01-0.1): (1.2-4.8): (75-130): 1000, parts by weight;

preferably, the second solvent comprises a phosphate buffered saline solution;

preferably, the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel B formed by mixing fibrin, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and part of a second solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest of the second solvent, and then mixing with the gel B to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

4. A soft tissue repair patch made from the soft tissue repair patch material of any of claims 1-3 and cells, the cells being in a fibrin/graphene hydrogel;

preferably, the soft tissue repair patch structure comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, wherein at least one of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer is made of the soft tissue repair patch material and cells.

5. The soft tissue repair patch of claim 4, wherein the cells comprise cell I and cell II;

the soft tissue repair patch structurally comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer;

the bottom layer comprises a first bottom layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, and pores are not contained in the first bottom layer;

the middle layer comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second middle layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells I, the first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells II, the first top layer comprises pores, and the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer.

6. The soft tissue repair patch of claim 5, wherein the soft tissue repair patch comprises a urethral repair patch or a skin repair patch;

preferably, the soft tissue repair patch is a urethra repair patch, the cells I comprise urothelial cells, and the cells II comprise smooth muscle cells;

preferably, the number of said urothelial cells per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 x 10⁵-1×10⁷2, 10 smooth muscle cells per ml fibrin/graphene hydrogel⁵-2×10⁷A plurality of;

preferably, the soft tissue repair patch is a skin repair patch, the cells I comprise keratinocytes, and the cells II comprise fibroblasts;

preferably, the number of keratinocytes per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 × 10⁵-1×10⁷The number of the fibroblast cells in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 multiplied by 10⁵-1×10⁷And (4) respectively.

7. The method for making a soft tissue repair patch according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the soft tissue repair patch material and cells are mixed and then printed in 3D.

8. The method of making a soft tissue repair patch according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:

mixing fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells, and injecting the mixture into a printing needle cylinder; and injecting the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel into another printing needle cylinder, performing 3D printing layer by layer according to the structures of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer, spraying the atomized first cross-linking agent simultaneously in the printing process, and then placing the printed product into a second cross-linking agent to obtain the soft tissue repair patch.

9. The method for manufacturing a soft tissue repair patch according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the needle of the printing needle cylinder used for the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 100-;

preferably, the diameter of a needle of a printing needle cylinder adopted by the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 100-600 μm, and the thread distance is 150-600 μm;

preferably, the first crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride;

preferably, the second crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride and thrombin.

10. Use of a soft tissue repair patch material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a soft tissue repair patch according to any one of claims 4 to 6 or a soft tissue repair patch produced by the method of manufacture of a soft tissue repair patch according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in biological tissue engineering.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological tissue repair, and particularly relates to a soft tissue repair patch material, a soft tissue repair patch and a manufacturing method and application thereof.

Background

The soft tissue repairing patch is mainly used for filling the missing tissue of the damaged part after being implanted into an organism, and under the induction of the material, the self repairing function of a human body can gradually grow new tissue at the original position to replace biological material so as to complete the process of organ tissue regeneration. The treatment by using the soft tissue repair patch is a promising treatment method in the field of biological tissue repair. However, the existing soft tissue repair patches have the technical problems of insufficient mechanical property, short degradation time or low cell bioactivity to different degrees.

In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a soft tissue repair patch material which has good mechanical properties and proper degradation time and is beneficial to growth and amplification of cells.

The invention also provides a soft tissue repair patch which is made of the soft tissue repair patch material.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide the soft tissue repair patch material or the application of the soft tissue repair patch.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention provides a soft tissue repair patch material, which comprises sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel;

preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is (1-10): 1.

further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and a first solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the gelatin to the graphene to the first solvent is (10-30): (10-30): (0.01-0.3): 1000, preferably (11-28): (11-28): (0.1-0.3): 1000, parts by weight;

preferably, the first solvent comprises a phosphate buffered saline solution;

preferably, the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel A formed by mixing sodium alginate, gelatin and part of the first solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest part of the first solvent, and then mixing with the gel A to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and a second solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the fibrin, the gelatin, the graphene, the hyaluronic acid, the glycerol and the second solvent is (10-30): (25-45): (0.01-0.3): (1-5): (50-150): 1000, preferably (11-28): (26-44): (0.01-0.1): (1.2-4.8): (75-130): 1000, parts by weight;

preferably, the second solvent comprises a phosphate buffered saline solution;

preferably, the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel B formed by mixing fibrin, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and part of a second solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest of the second solvent, and then mixing with the gel B to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

The invention also provides a soft tissue repair patch which is prepared from the soft tissue repair patch material and cells, wherein the cells are positioned in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel;

preferably, the cells comprise cell i and cell ii;

the soft tissue repair patch structurally comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, wherein at least one of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer is made of the soft tissue repair patch material and cells.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the structure of the soft tissue repair patch comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer;

the bottom layer comprises a first bottom layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, and pores are not contained in the first bottom layer;

the middle layer comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second middle layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells I, the first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells II, the first top layer comprises pores, and the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch comprises a urethra repair patch or a skin repair patch;

preferably, the soft tissue repair patch is a urethra repair patch, the cells I comprise urothelial cells, and the cells II comprise smooth muscle cells;

preferably, the number of said urothelial cells per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 x 10⁵-1×10⁷2, 10 smooth muscle cells per ml fibrin/graphene hydrogel⁵-2×10⁷A plurality of;

preferably, the soft tissue repair patch is a skin repair patch, the cells I comprise keratinocytes, and the cells II comprise fibroblasts;

preferably, the number of keratinocytes per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 × 10⁵-1×10⁷The number of the fibroblast cells in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 multiplied by 10⁵-1×10⁷And (4) respectively.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch, which is characterized in that the soft tissue repair patch is prepared by mixing the soft tissue repair patch material and cells and then adopting a 3D printing mode.

Further, on the basis of the above technical scheme of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the soft tissue repair patch comprises the following steps: mixing fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells, and injecting the mixture into a printing needle cylinder; and injecting the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel into another printing needle cylinder, performing 3D printing layer by layer according to the structures of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer, spraying the atomized first cross-linking agent simultaneously in the printing process, and then placing the printed product into a second cross-linking agent to obtain the soft tissue repair patch.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the diameter of the needle of the printing needle cylinder adopted by the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 600 μm and the thread distance is 600 μm;

preferably, the diameter of a needle of a printing needle cylinder adopted by the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 100-600 μm, and the thread distance is 150-600 μm;

preferably, the first crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride;

preferably, the second crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride and thrombin.

The invention also provides the soft tissue repair patch material, the soft tissue repair patch or the application of the soft tissue repair patch prepared by the soft tissue repair patch manufacturing method in biological tissue engineering.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention provides a soft tissue repair patch material, which comprises sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel, wherein the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel has certain mechanical strength and relatively low degradation rate, and can make up the defects of insufficient mechanical property and excessively high degradation rate of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel, so that sufficient mechanical support and tissue repair time are provided for the prepared soft tissue repair patch, meanwhile, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel has good biocompatibility, is beneficial to large-scale cell amplification and propagation and promotes soft tissue repair, and the two hydrogel systems are cooperatively used, so that the soft tissue repair patch prepared by adopting the soft tissue repair patch material has mechanical property suitable for clinical use, degradation rate matched with tissue repair and good cell compatibility, has wide clinical application prospect.

(2) The invention provides a soft tissue repair patch which is prepared from the soft tissue repair patch material and cells. In view of the advantages of the soft tissue repair patch material, the soft tissue repair patch has the same advantages.

(3) The invention provides a manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch, the soft tissue repair patch is prepared by mixing the soft tissue repair patch material and cells and adopting a 3D printing mode, the 3D printing mode can control the printing precision of the soft tissue repair patch and meet the requirement of the soft tissue repair patch on a complex structure, the three-dimensional soft tissue repair patch with sufficient mechanical property and good cell activity can be prepared through the 3D printing mode, meanwhile, the feasibility of the 3D printing mode in the field of biological tissue repair is proved, and a foundation is laid for the in vivo research of the soft tissue repair patch.

(4) The invention also provides the soft tissue repair patch material and the application of the soft tissue repair patch, and the soft tissue repair patch material and the soft tissue repair patch have good application in the field of biological tissue repair in view of the advantages of the soft tissue repair patch material and the soft tissue repair patch.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a staining diagram of living and dead cells of a sodium alginate hydrogel according to comparative example 1 of the present invention; wherein (a) is 0 days, (b) is 3 days, and (c) is 6 days;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing staining of live and dead cells of fibrin hydrogel according to comparative example 2 of the present invention; wherein (a) is 0 days, (b) is 3 days, and (c) is 6 days;

FIG. 3 is a bar graph of fibrin hydrogel cell viability provided by comparative example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a soft tissue repair patch in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the soft tissue repair patch of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is an electron micrograph of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, wherein (a) is example 1, (b) is example 2, (c) is example 3, and (d) is example 4;

FIG. 7 is an electron micrograph of a sodium alginate hydrogel according to comparative example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an electron micrograph of a fibrin/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1, 8-10 of the present invention, wherein (a) is example 1, (b) is example 8, (c) is example 9, and (d) is example 10;

FIG. 9 is an electron micrograph of a fibrin hydrogel according to comparative example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a graph of the swelling performance of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1-4 of the present invention and the sodium alginate hydrogel provided in comparative example 1;

FIG. 11 is a graph of the swelling performance of fibrin/graphene hydrogels provided by examples 1, 8-10 of the present invention and fibrin hydrogel provided by comparative example 2, wherein (a) is example 1, (b) is example 8, (c) is example 9, and (d) is example 10;

FIG. 12 is a CCK-8 plot of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1-3 of the present invention and sodium alginate hydrogel provided in comparative example 1;

FIG. 13 is a CCK-8 plot of fibrin/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1, 8-9 of the present invention and fibrin/graphene hydrogel provided in comparative example 2.

Icon: 1-a bottom layer; 2-middle layer; 3-the top layer.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments and examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those who do not specify the conditions are performed according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soft tissue repair patch material comprising a sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

In the invention, the "/" in the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel means "and", that is, the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel simultaneously comprises sodium alginate and graphene. The "/" in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel means "and", that is, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel includes both fibrin and graphene. Generally, sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel, which are raw materials of the soft tissue repair patch, are separately prepared and stored before being made into the soft tissue repair patch.

The fibrin/graphene hydrogel is mainly a hydrogel composed of fibrin and graphene, and may be understood as a substance formed by adding graphene to a fibrin hydrogel. The fibrin/graphene hydrogel may contain other substances commonly found in hydrogels in addition to fibrin and graphene, and is not particularly limited herein. The fibrin/graphene hydrogel is mainly used to mix with cells when making a soft tissue repair patch. The addition of graphene in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is beneficial to improving the survival rate of cells and has a promoting effect on the growth and proliferation of the cells. But the fibrin/graphene hydrogel has a high degradation rate, can be completely degraded before the biological tissue is well repaired, has poor mechanical properties, and is easy to curl or break when being made into a soft tissue repair patch.

Therefore, the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are cooperatively used. The sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is mainly formed by sodium alginate and graphene, and can also be understood as a substance formed by adding graphene into the sodium alginate hydrogel. The sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel may contain other substances commonly found in hydrogels in addition to sodium alginate and graphene, and is not particularly limited herein. The sodium alginate hydrogel has good biocompatibility and mechanical property, is low in degradation rate, can make up the defects of insufficient mechanical property and high degradation rate of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel, so that sufficient mechanical support and tissue repair time are provided for the prepared soft tissue repair patch, and meanwhile, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel has good biocompatibility, is beneficial to the amplification and propagation of a large number of cells, and promotes the rapid repair of soft tissues. The sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are cooperatively used, so that the soft tissue repair patch prepared from the soft tissue repair patch material has the mechanical property suitable for clinical use, the degradation rate matched with tissue repair, good cell compatibility and wide clinical application prospect.

The preparation methods of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are not particularly limited, and can be prepared by a preparation method commonly used in the field.

The specific dosage of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is limited according to the structure of the soft tissue repair patch to be manufactured. As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is (1-10): 1. typical but non-limiting mass ratios of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel are 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1 or 10: 1.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and a first solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the gelatin to the graphene to the first solvent is (10-30): (10-30): (0.01-0.3): 1000, preferably (11-28): (11-28): (0.1-0.3): 1000, parts by weight; the typical but non-limiting mass ratio of sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and first solvent is 10:10:0.01:1000, 11:11:0.1:1000, 20:10:0.01:1000, 30:10:0.01:1000, 10:20:0.01:1000, 10:30:0.01:1000, 20:20:0.02:1000, 20:20:0.2:1000, 20:20:0.3:1000, 20:30:0.01:1000, 30:20:0.01:1000, 28:28:0.3:1000, 30:30:0.01:1000, 10:10:0.1:1000, 10:10:0.2:1000, 10:10:0.3:1000, 20:10:0.1:1000, 30:10:0.2:1000, 10:20:0.1:1000 or 3: 1000.

The term "comprising" as used herein means that it may include, in addition to the recited components, other components that impart different properties to the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel. In addition, the term "comprising" as used herein may be replaced by "being" or "consisting of … …" as closed.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the first solvent comprises Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS).

As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel A formed by mixing sodium alginate, gelatin and part of the first solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest part of the first solvent, and then mixing with the gel A to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

Preferably, the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

stirring and dissolving sodium alginate in part of the first solvent, filtering and sterilizing, adding gelatin subjected to radiation sterilization into the filtered and sterilized sodium alginate, and uniformly dissolving to obtain gel A;

and mixing the graphene and the rest part of the first solvent, and then mixing with the gel A to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

The preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is simple and convenient to operate, and the obtained sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is good in stability and suitable for being used as a soft tissue repair patch material.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and a second solvent;

wherein the mass ratio of the fibrin, the gelatin, the graphene, the hyaluronic acid, the glycerol and the second solvent is (10-30): (25-45): (0.01-0.3): (1-5): (50-150): 1000, preferably (11-28): (26-44): (0.01-0.1): (1.2-4.8): (75-130): 1000, parts by weight; typical but not limiting mass ratios of fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and second solvent are 10:25:0.01:1:50:1000, 11:26:0.01:1.3:75:1000, 20:35:0.01:3:100:1000, 28:44:0.1:4.8:130:1000, 30:45: 0.1: 3: 120: 1000. 30:45: 0.2:3: 120: 1000. 30:45:0.3: 3: 120: 1000. 30:45:0.3:5:150:1000, 20:25:0.01:1:50:1000, 30:26:0.01:1.3:75:1000, 10:45:0.2:5:100:1000, 25:25:0.2:3:130:1000 or 30:35:0.2:2:100: 1000.

The term "comprising" as used herein means that it may include, in addition to the recited components, other components that impart different properties to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel. In addition, the term "comprising" as used herein may be replaced by "being" or "consisting of … …" as closed.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the second solvent comprises a phosphate buffered saline solution.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

providing a gel B formed by mixing fibrin, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and part of a second solvent;

and mixing the graphene and the rest of the second solvent, and then mixing with the gel B to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

Preferably, the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

dissolving hyaluronic acid in part of the second solvent, adding fibrin, gelatin and glycerol, dissolving, mixing, and filtering to obtain gel B;

and mixing the graphene and the rest of the second solvent, and then adding the mixture into the gel B for mixing to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

The preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is simple and convenient to operate, and the obtained fibrin/graphene hydrogel is good in stability and suitable for being used as a soft tissue repair patch material.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch is further provided, and is made of the soft tissue repair patch material and cells, wherein the cells are located in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

The soft tissue repairing patch has the main functions of filling the missing tissue of the damaged part after being implanted into an organism, and under the induction of the material, the self repairing function of a human body can gradually grow new tissue at the original position to replace the biological material so as to complete the process of organ tissue regeneration.

The types of cells and soft tissue repair patches used vary according to the location of the damaged area to be repaired. For example, when the damaged site to be filled is the urethra, the cells used may include urothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and the soft tissue repair patch used is a urethral repair patch; when the damaged part to be repaired is skin, the cells used may include keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and the soft tissue repair patch used is a skin repair patch.

It should be noted that, by staining live and dead cells of the sodium alginate hydrogel and the fibrin hydrogel, it was found that the cells were proliferated and expanded in the fibrin hydrogel in a large amount, and the specific results are shown in fig. 1 to 3. That is to say, the cells have higher cell activity and proliferation capacity in the fibrin hydrogel, so the fibrin hydrogel contains the cells and the sodium alginate hydrogel is selected as a supporting structure in the invention.

The soft tissue repair patch provided by the invention is prepared from a specific soft tissue repair patch material and cells, and the prepared soft tissue repair patch has good mechanical property and higher cell activity in view of the characteristics of the soft tissue repair patch material.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the soft tissue repair patch has a structure comprising a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer, at least one of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer being made of soft tissue repair patch material and cells.

The structural design of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer is adopted, the structure of natural soft tissue can be simulated, a multi-level cell structure can be obtained, an enough nutrition channel can be provided, the communication and nutrition conveying of internal and external cells can be promoted, and the tissue repair speed can be accelerated.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the cells include cell I and cell II;

the structure of the soft tissue repair patch comprises a bottom layer 1, a middle layer 2 and a top layer 3, as shown in particular in fig. 4 and 5;

the bottom layer 1 comprises a first bottom layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, and no pore is formed in the first bottom layer;

the middle layer 2 comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second middle layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells I, the first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer 3 comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells II, wherein the first top layer contains pores, and the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer.

In the bottom layer, the first bottom layer formed by the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is designed into a structure without pores, so that the barrier effect can be exerted, and the moisture loss of the wound surface and the bacterial invasion in the environment can be prevented. The number of the first bottom layer is not limited to one, and may be set according to the actual structure.

In the middle layer, the second middle layer is disposed in the pores of the first middle layer, which is equivalent to inlaying the fibrin/graphene hydrogel containing the cell i in the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel. The number of layers of the first middle layer and the second middle layer is not limited to one, and the number of layers may be set according to the actual structure.

In the top layer, the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer, which is equivalent to inlaying the fibrin/graphene hydrogel containing the cells II into the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel. The structural design of the middle layer and the top layer utilizes the mechanical property of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the good biocompatibility of fibrin/graphene hydrogel, thereby improving the mechanical property of the soft tissue repair patch, promoting the repair of soft tissue as soon as possible, and being favorable for the delivery of nutrient substances by combining the design of pores, thereby further accelerating the repair of defective tissue. It should be noted that the number of layers of the first top layer and the second top layer is not limited to one, and the number of layers may be set according to the actual structural requirement.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch comprises a urethral repair patch or a skin repair patch.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch is a urethral repair patch, cells I comprise urethral epithelial cells and cells II comprise smooth muscle cells.

Preferably, the number of urothelial cells per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 × 10⁵-1×10⁷The number of smooth muscle cells per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel was 2X 10⁵-2×10⁷And (4) respectively.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch is a skin repair patch, the cells i comprise keratinocytes and the cells ii comprise fibroblasts.

Preferably, the number of keratinocytes per ml of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 × 10⁵-1×10⁷The number of fibroblasts in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel per ml was 1 × 10⁵-1×10⁷And (4) respectively.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing the soft tissue repair patch, wherein the soft tissue repair patch is manufactured by mixing a soft tissue repair patch material and cells and then adopting a 3D printing manner.

The invention provides a manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch, the soft tissue repair patch material and cells are mixed and then manufactured by adopting a 3D printing mode, the 3D printing mode can control the printing precision of the soft tissue repair patch and meet the requirement of the soft tissue repair patch on a complex structure, the three-dimensional soft tissue repair patch with sufficient mechanical property and good cell activity can be prepared by the 3D printing mode, the problem of single cell level of the traditional support is solved, and the construction of a three-dimensional structure tissue and organ is realized.

Meanwhile, the manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch also proves the feasibility of the 3D printing mode in the application of the biological tissue repair field, and lays a research foundation for the in vivo research of the soft tissue repair patch.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the soft tissue repair patch comprises the following steps:

mixing fibrin/graphene hydrogel and cells, and injecting the mixture into a printing needle cylinder; and injecting the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel into another printing needle cylinder, performing 3D printing layer by layer according to the structures of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer, spraying the atomized first cross-linking agent simultaneously in the printing process, and then placing the printed product into a second cross-linking agent to obtain the soft tissue repair patch.

By further limiting the manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch, the manufactured soft tissue repair patch has better mechanical property and higher cell activity.

As an optional embodiment of the present invention, an orthogonal printing manner is adopted in the printing process of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

As an optional embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the needle of the printing needle cylinder adopted by the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 100-600 μm, and the thread distance is 150-600 μm. Typical but non-limiting needle diameters are 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm or 600 μm, and typical but non-limiting filament pitches are 150 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm or 600 μm.

Preferably, the diameter of the needle of the printing needle cylinder used for the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 100-. Typical but non-limiting needle diameters are 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm or 600 μm, and typical but non-limiting filament pitches are 150 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm or 600 μm.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the first crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride;

preferably, the second crosslinking agent comprises calcium chloride and thrombin.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the soft tissue repair patch material, the soft tissue repair patch or the soft tissue repair patch prepared by the soft tissue repair patch manufacturing method are further provided for application in biological tissue engineering.

In view of the advantages of the soft tissue repair patch material, the soft tissue repair patch or the soft tissue repair patch prepared by the soft tissue repair patch preparation method, the soft tissue repair patch has good application prospect in the field of biological tissue engineering.

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, which comprises sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel which are respectively and independently arranged, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 3: 1.

The sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and PBS, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the gelatin to the graphene to the PBS is 20:20:0.02: 1000.

the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

weighing 100mg of gelatin, performing irradiation sterilization for later use, weighing 100mg of sodium alginate, dissolving the sodium alginate in PBS, stirring and dissolving for 2 hours at room temperature, rotating at the speed of 300 r/min, performing filtration sterilization by using a sterile filter, adding the sterile gelatin into the filtered and sterilized sodium alginate, shaking for 2 hours at 37 ℃, dissolving and uniformly mixing to obtain gel A;

and ultrasonically dispersing graphene in the solution, adding the solution into the gel A according to a certain proportion, shaking and uniformly mixing to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

The fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and a second solvent; the mass ratio of the fibrin, the gelatin, the graphene, the hyaluronic acid, the glycerol and the second solvent is 30:45: 0.02: 3: 120: 1000.

the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

dissolving 15mg of hyaluronic acid in PBS, stirring at 37 ℃ for 4h, adding 150mg of fibrinogen, 225mg of gelatin and 0.5mL of glycerol, stirring at 37 ℃ for 1h, and filtering with a sterile filter to obtain gel B;

and ultrasonically dispersing graphene in the solution, adding the graphene into the gel B according to a certain proportion, shaking and uniformly mixing to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin to graphene to PBS in sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 20:20: 0.1:1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin to graphene to PBS in sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 20:20:0.2:1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin to graphene to PBS in sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 20:20:0.3:1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin to graphene to PBS in sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 20:20: 0.4: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin to graphene to PBS in sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 20:20: 0.005: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 7

The present embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol, and a second solvent in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 30:45: 0.05: 3: 120: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 8

The present embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol, and a second solvent in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 30:45: 0.1: 3: 120: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 9

The present embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol, and a second solvent in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 30:45: 0.2:3: 120: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 10

The present embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that the mass ratio of fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol, and a second solvent in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 30:45:0.3: 3: 120: 1000, the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1.

Example 11

The embodiment provides a soft tissue repair patch material, which comprises sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and fibrin/graphene hydrogel which are respectively and independently arranged, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel to the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 10: 1.

the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: sodium alginate, gelatin, graphene and PBS, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the gelatin to the graphene to the PBS is 30:10: 0.1: 1000.

the preparation method of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

weighing 50mg of gelatin, performing irradiation sterilization for later use, weighing 150mg of sodium alginate, dissolving the sodium alginate in PBS, stirring and dissolving for 2 hours at room temperature, rotating at the speed of 300 r/min, performing filtration sterilization by using a sterile filter, adding the sterile gelatin into the filtered and sterilized sodium alginate, shaking for 1 hour at 37 ℃, dissolving and uniformly mixing to obtain gel A;

and ultrasonically dispersing graphene in the solution, adding the solution into the gel A according to a certain proportion, shaking and uniformly mixing to obtain the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel.

The fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following components: fibrin, gelatin, graphene, hyaluronic acid, glycerol and a second solvent; the mass ratio of the fibrin, the gelatin, the graphene, the hyaluronic acid, the glycerol and the second solvent is 10:25: 0.2:3: 120: 1000.

the preparation method of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel comprises the following steps:

dissolving 15mg of hyaluronic acid in PBS, stirring at 37 ℃ for 4h, adding 50mg of fibrinogen, 125mg of gelatin and 0.5mL of glycerol, stirring at 37 ℃ for 1h, and filtering with a sterile filter to obtain gel B;

and ultrasonically dispersing graphene in the solution, adding the graphene into the gel B according to a certain proportion, shaking and uniformly mixing to obtain the fibrin/graphene hydrogel.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is replaced with sodium alginate hydrogel, namely the amount of graphene in the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 0, and the corresponding preparation method is correspondingly adjusted, the other steps are the same as those in example 1.

Comparative example 2

The comparative example provides a soft tissue repair patch material, which is the same as in example 1 except that fibrin/graphene hydrogel is replaced with fibrin hydrogel, that is, the amount of graphene in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 0, and the corresponding preparation method is correspondingly adjusted.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example provides a soft tissue repair patch material, except that sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is replaced with sodium alginate hydrogel, namely the amount of graphene in the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 0, fibrin/graphene hydrogel is replaced with fibrin hydrogel, namely the amount of graphene in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 0, and the corresponding preparation method is correspondingly adjusted, the other steps are the same as those in example 1.

Example 12

This example provides a soft tissue repair patch (urethral repair patch) made using the soft tissue repair patch material and cells provided in example 1.

Specifically, the soft tissue repair patch structurally comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer;

the bottom layer comprises a first bottom layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, and pores are not contained in the first bottom layer;

the middle layer comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second middle layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and urothelial cells, and the number of the urothelial cells in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 multiplied by 10⁵The first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and smooth muscle cells, and the number of the smooth muscle cells in the fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 2 multiplied by 10⁵The first top layer contains pores, and the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer.

The manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch comprises the following steps:

the prepared sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is loaded into a No. 1 printing needle cylinder, epithelial cells and fibrin/graphene hydrogel are uniformly mixed and then loaded into a No. 2 printing needle cylinder, and smooth muscle cells and fibrin/graphene hydrogel are uniformly mixed and then loaded into a No. 3 printing needle cylinder. 3D printing is carried out layer by layer according to the structures of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer, a prepared 5% calcium chloride solution (a first cross-linking agent) is filled into an atomizer, the calcium chloride solution is atomized in real time in the printing process to carry out pre-crosslinking, and after the printing is finished, the printing support is soaked in a mixed solution (a second cross-linking agent) of calcium chloride and thrombin to be crosslinked for 30min, wherein the concentration of the calcium chloride is 5% (W/V), and the concentration of the thrombin is 20 IU/mL. The printing size was 2cm × 2cm, the printing needle diameter was 300 μm, and the void was 500 μm.

Examples 13 to 20

Examples 13 to 20 each provide a soft tissue repair patch (urethral repair patch) made of the soft tissue repair patch material and cells provided in examples 1 to 10, and the specific structure and manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch are the same as those of example 12.

Example 21

This example provides a soft tissue repair patch (skin repair patch) made using the soft tissue repair patch material and cells provided in example 11.

Specifically, the soft tissue repair patch structurally comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer;

the bottom layer comprises a first bottom layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, and pores are not contained in the first bottom layer;

the middle layer comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second middle layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and keratinocytes, and the quantity of the keratinocytes in each milliliter of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 5 multiplied by 10⁵The first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel and fibroblasts, and the number of the fibroblasts in each milliliter of fibrin/graphene hydrogel is 1 multiplied by 10⁶The first top layer contains pores, and the second top layer is arranged in the pores of the first top layer.

The manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch comprises the following steps:

the prepared sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is loaded into a No. 1 printing needle cylinder, the keratinocyte and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are uniformly mixed and then loaded into a No. 2 printing needle cylinder, and the fibroblast and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are uniformly mixed and then loaded into a No. 3 printing needle cylinder. 3D printing is carried out layer by layer according to the structures of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the top layer, a prepared 5% calcium chloride solution (a first cross-linking agent) is filled into an atomizer, the calcium chloride solution is atomized in real time in the printing process to carry out pre-crosslinking, and after the printing is finished, the printing support is soaked in a mixed solution (a second cross-linking agent) of calcium chloride and thrombin to be crosslinked for 30min, wherein the concentration of the calcium chloride is 5% (W/V), and the concentration of the thrombin is 20 IU/mL. The printing size was 2cm × 2cm, the printing needle diameter was 300 μm, and the void was 500 μm.

Comparative examples 4 to 6

Comparative examples 4 to 6 respectively provide a soft tissue repair patch (urethral repair patch) which is made of the soft tissue repair patch material and cells provided in comparative examples 1 to 3, and the specific structure and the manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch are the same as those of example 11.

Comparative example 7

This comparative example provides a soft tissue repair patch (urethral repair patch) in which the structures of the medial and top layers were different from example 12;

specifically, the middle layer comprises a first middle layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and urothelial cells, and the number of the urothelial cells in each milliliter of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 1 multiplied by 10⁵The second middle layer is made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel, the first middle layer contains pores, and the second middle layer is arranged in the pores of the first middle layer;

the top layer comprises a first top layer made of sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and smooth muscle cells, and the number of the smooth muscle cells in each milliliter of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is 2 multiplied by 10⁵And a second top layer made of fibrin/graphene hydrogel, the first top layer having pores, the second top layer being disposed within the pores of the first top layer.

The remaining structure of the soft tissue repair patch was the same as in example 12.

Correspondingly, the manufacturing method of the soft tissue repair patch is correspondingly adjusted.

In order to verify the technical effects of the above-described examples and comparative examples, the following experimental examples were specifically set forth.

Experimental example 1

1. SEM test

Taking the soft tissue repair patch materials provided in examples 1-4 and 8-10 and comparative examples 1-2 as examples, the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel corresponding to examples 1-4, the sodium alginate hydrogel corresponding to comparative example 1, the fibrin/graphene hydrogel corresponding to examples 1 and 8-10, and the fibrin hydrogel corresponding to comparative example 2 were pre-frozen at-80 ℃, and then were dried in a freeze dryer, and after gold spraying treatment, the morphology of the sample was characterized by using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the specific results are shown in fig. 6-9.

As can be seen from the figure, unlike sodium alginate hydrogel and fibrin hydrogel, the hydrogel with graphene added (sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, fibrin/graphene hydrogel) has a smooth surface structure and changes in apparent morphology due to the presence of graphene and uniform dispersion in sodium alginate and fibrin hydrogel. Under the condition of low-concentration graphene, the surfaces of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are flatter and smoother, and the surfaces of the hydrogel are wrinkled along with the increase of the content of the graphene, possibly caused by the aggregation of the graphene.

2. Swelling Performance test

Swelling performance tests were performed on the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogels provided in examples 1-4, the sodium alginate hydrogels provided in comparative example 1, the fibrin/graphene hydrogels provided in examples 1 and 8-10, and the fibrin hydrogel provided in comparative example 2.

Swelling performance test the swelling behavior of the hydrogel to be tested (sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel, sodium alginate hydrogel, fibrin/graphene hydrogel and fibrin hydrogel) in deionized water was studied by a gravimetric method, and the specific steps include: and respectively freeze-drying the hydrogel to be detected, and soaking the hydrogel in deionized water at room temperature. At regular intervals, the samples were weighed after the filter paper removed surface residual water. The Swelling Ratio (SR) formula is as follows:

SR(％)＝(Mt-M0)/M0×100％

in the formula, M0 and Mt represent the initial and different time weights of the hydrogel to be tested, respectively.

The results of the swelling performance test for the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel provided in examples 1-4 and the sodium alginate hydrogel provided in comparative example 1 are shown in fig. 10. As can be seen from the figure, the swelling rate of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogels provided in examples 1-4 increased rapidly within the initial 60min of swelling, after which its rate increased slowly. Compared with the sodium alginate hydrogel provided in comparative example 1, as the amount of graphene is increased to 0.3mg/mL, the swelling ratio of the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel is the largest, which is probably because hydrogen bonds are formed between water molecules and-COOH groups in sodium alginate, and the pore diameter structure in the hydrogel is enlarged after graphene is doped in.

The results of the swelling performance test of the fibrin/graphene hydrogel provided in example 1, examples 8 to 10 and the fibrin hydrogel provided in comparative example 2 are shown in fig. 11. As can be seen from the figure, the fibrin/graphene hydrogels provided by examples 1, 8-10 had a rapid increase in swelling rate during the initial 1h of swelling, followed by a slow increase in swelling rate. As the content of graphene increases, the swelling rate decreases as compared to the fibrin hydrogel provided in comparative example 2, which is probably because graphene acts as a physical crosslinking agent and the high crosslinking density makes the pore size of the hydrogel smaller and inhibits the absorption of water, depending on the properties of fibrin.

3. CCK-8 test

In order to verify whether the sodium alginate/graphene hydrogel and the fibrin/graphene hydrogel are toxic to cells or not due to the addition of graphene, a CCK-8 experiment is performed, and specific results are shown in fig. 12 and 13. As can be seen from the figure, graphene has no great toxicity to cells in the concentration range of graphene used in the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.