阅读说明：本技术 一种电阻率连续可控的合金板及制备方法 (Alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王艳林 钟华强 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电阻率连续可控的合金板,合金板由沿某一方向交错排列形成平板结构的多个粉末块高温烧结而成,各粉末块由导电材料制成,各粉末块具有至少一个斜面,各粉末块斜面斜率相同,各粉末块的斜面与相邻粉末块的斜面贴合,使合金板对应于各相邻粉末块交错段的电阻率沿排列方向连续变化。通过改变各粉末块斜面斜率大小、斜面面积、交错部分大小、粉末块放置顺序及电阻率,使合金板沿排列方向电阻率按照设计需求变化,调整方便,实现合金板电阻率可控,使合金板各段不均匀发热,更加接近实际板型燃料元件、板式换热器的发热情况,模拟发热更加准确。本发明还公开了合金板的制备方法,过程简单、条件要求低,适于工业化应用。(The invention discloses an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity, which is formed by sintering a plurality of powder blocks which are staggered and arranged along a certain direction to form a flat plate structure at high temperature, wherein each powder block is made of a conductive material, each powder block is provided with at least one inclined surface, the inclined surface slopes of each powder block are the same, the inclined surface of each powder block is attached to the inclined surface of the adjacent powder block, and the resistivity of the alloy plate corresponding to the staggered section of each adjacent powder block is continuously changed along the arrangement direction. By changing the slope of each powder block slope, the area of the slope, the size of the staggered part, the placement sequence of the powder blocks and the resistivity, the resistivity of the alloy plate along the arrangement direction changes according to the design requirement, the adjustment is convenient, the resistivity of the alloy plate is controllable, each section of the alloy plate generates heat unevenly, the heating condition of the alloy plate is closer to that of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and the heating simulation is more accurate. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the alloy plate, which has simple process and low requirement on conditions and is suitable for industrial application.)

1. An alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity is characterized in that the alloy plate is formed by sintering a plurality of powder blocks which are staggered in a certain direction to form a flat plate structure at high temperature, each powder block is made of a conductive material and is provided with at least one inclined surface, the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same in slope, and the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are attached to the inclined surfaces of the adjacent powder blocks, so that the resistivity of the alloy plate corresponding to staggered sections of the adjacent powder blocks is continuously changed in the arrangement direction.

2. An alloy plate according to claim 1, wherein the powder agglomerates at both ends of the alloy plate in the direction of alignment have one inclined surface, and each powder agglomerate between the end powder agglomerates has two inclined surfaces.

3. An alloy sheet having a continuously controllable resistivity according to claim 2 wherein each powder slug located between end powder slugs has a parallelogram shaped cross section.

4. An alloy sheet according to claim 2, wherein the powder agglomerates between the end powder agglomerates have the same volume.

5. An alloy plate having a continuously controllable resistivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said powder compacts is formed by mixing and pressing metal powders and ceramic powders having different resistivities, and the mixing ratio of the metal powders and the ceramic powders is different between adjacent powder compacts.

6. A preparation method of an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivities in different proportions, and pressing into a plurality of powder blocks with at least one inclined surface, wherein the slopes of the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same;

(2) powder blocks with different resistivity are adjacently placed, and the inclined plane of each powder block and the inclined plane of the adjacent powder block are staggered, attached and arranged to form a flat plate structure extending along a certain direction;

(3) and (3) sintering the flat plate structure obtained in the step (2) at a high temperature to obtain an alloy plate with an integral structure.

7. A method for producing an alloy sheet having a continuously controllable resistivity as claimed in claim 6, wherein the powder agglomerates at both ends of the alloy sheet in the arrangement direction have one inclined surface, and each powder agglomerate located between the end powder agglomerates has two inclined surfaces.

8. A method for producing an alloy sheet whose resistivity is continuously controlled according to claim 6, wherein each powder lump located between the end powder lumps has a parallelogram shape in cross section.

9. A method for producing an alloy sheet whose resistivity is continuously controllable as claimed in claim 6, wherein the volumes of the powder agglomerates located between the end powder agglomerates are the same.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic power and engineering thermophysics, in particular to an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In some research reactors or heat exchangers, plate-type fuel elements or plate-type heat exchangers are used, and it is generally required to perform a thermo-hydraulic experiment on the plate-type fuel elements and the plate-type heat exchangers so as to simulate the heating or cooling characteristics of the plate-type fuel elements and the plate-type heat exchangers. In order to simulate the heating of the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger, corresponding models need to be constructed by imitating the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger, the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger are usually constructed by using metal plates at present, and then the corresponding parts of the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger are heated by using direct current.

However, since the resistance of the metal flat plate with uniform thickness is uniform along the axial direction, and actually, the resistivity of the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger is not uniform along the corresponding axial direction, the heating of the plate-type fuel element and the plate-type heat exchanger cannot be accurately simulated by adopting the existing metal flat plate. The resistance of the metal plate along the axial direction needs to be changed and changed according to certain requirements, so that the uneven heating of the metal plate along the axial direction is realized.

Based on this, the present patent application is proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing metal flat plate generates heat uniformly along the axial direction and can not accurately simulate the nonuniform heating of a plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger along the axial direction, and aims to provide an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity and a preparation method thereof, so that the problem of accurately simulating the heating characteristics of the plate type fuel element and the plate type heat exchanger is solved.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the first object of the invention is to provide an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity, which is formed by high-temperature sintering of a plurality of powder blocks which are staggered in a certain direction to form a flat plate structure, wherein each powder block is made of a conductive material, each powder block is provided with at least one inclined surface, the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same in slope, the inclined surface of each powder block is attached to the inclined surface of the adjacent powder block, and the resistivity of the alloy plate corresponding to the staggered section of each adjacent powder block is continuously changed in the arrangement direction.

Preferably, the powder lumps located at both ends of the alloy plate in the arrangement direction have one inclined surface, and each powder lump located between the end powder lumps has two inclined surfaces.

Preferably, the cross-section of each powder slug located between the end powder slugs is a parallelogram.

Preferably, the volumes of the powder slugs located between the end powder slugs are the same.

Preferably, each of the powder lumps is formed by mixing and pressing metal powder and ceramic powder having different electrical resistivity, and the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder is different between adjacent powder lumps.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity, which comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivities in different proportions, and pressing into a plurality of powder blocks with at least one inclined surface, wherein the slopes of the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same;

(2) powder blocks with different resistivity are adjacently placed, and the inclined plane of each powder block and the inclined plane of the adjacent powder block are staggered, attached and arranged to form a flat plate structure extending along a certain direction;

(3) and (3) sintering the flat plate structure obtained in the step (2) at a high temperature to obtain an alloy plate with an integral structure.

Preferably, the powder lumps located at both ends of the alloy plate in the arrangement direction have one inclined surface, and each powder lump located between the end powder lumps has two inclined surfaces.

Preferably, the cross-section of each powder slug located between the end powder slugs is a parallelogram.

Preferably, the volumes of the powder slugs located between the end powder slugs are the same.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the embodiment of the invention discloses an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity, which is formed by sintering a plurality of powder blocks which are staggered and arranged along a certain direction to form a flat plate structure at high temperature, wherein each powder block is made of a conductive material, each powder block is provided with at least one inclined surface, the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same in slope, and the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are attached to the inclined surfaces of the adjacent powder blocks, so that the resistivity of the alloy plate corresponding to the staggered section of each adjacent powder block is continuously changed along the arrangement direction. The method can change the resistivity of the alloy plate along one direction according to the design requirement by adjusting the slope size of each powder block slope, the number of slopes, the area of the slopes, the size of the staggered part of the adjacent slopes, the placing sequence of each powder block and the resistivity of each powder block, is convenient to adjust, realizes the controllability of the resistivity of the alloy plate, ensures that each section of the alloy plate generates heat unevenly, is closer to the heating condition of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and simulates heating more accurately.

(2) According to the alloy plate with the continuously controllable resistivity disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, each powder block is obtained by mixing and pressing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivities according to a certain proportion, the change of the resistivity of the alloy plate along the arrangement direction can be changed by adjusting the mixing proportion of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each powder block, the controllability of the resistivity of the alloy plate is realized, each section of the alloy plate generates heat unevenly, the heating condition of the alloy plate is closer to the heating condition of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and the heating simulation is more accurate.

(3) The preparation method of the alloy plate with the continuously controllable resistivity provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process and low requirement on the conditions required by preparation, and is suitable for industrial application.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement structure of powder lumps in an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the resistivity variation along the length direction of an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement structure of powder lumps in an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a resistivity variation trend chart of an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity along the length direction according to another embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.

Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, characteristics may be combined in any suitable combinations and/or sub-combinations in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Example 1

The alloy plate is formed by high-temperature sintering of a plurality of powder blocks which are staggered in a certain direction to form a flat plate structure, each powder block is made of a conductive material, each powder block is provided with at least one inclined surface, the slope of each inclined surface of each powder block is the same, the inclined surface of each powder block is attached to the inclined surface of an adjacent powder block, and the resistivity of the alloy plate corresponding to the staggered section of each adjacent powder block is continuously changed in the arrangement direction.

Specifically, each powder block may have one inclined surface, such as a right-angled triangle or a right-angled trapezoid in cross section, or two inclined surfaces, such as a parallelogram or a triangle in cross section, preferably, a parallelogram in cross section. The inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are inclined towards one direction, and the slopes of the inclined surfaces are the same. The inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are closely attached to the inclined surfaces of the adjacent powder blocks in a staggered and connected mode to form a flat plate structure, preferably a rectangular flat plate structure, the areas of the attached inclined surfaces are equal, and the side lengths of the corresponding attached inclined surfaces are equal. The slope of each inclined plane can be adjusted according to the design requirements of different alloy plates, the shape of the powder block is further adjusted, the area of the joint part of the adjacent powder blocks is changed, and therefore the change trend of the resistivity of each staggered section of the alloy plates is adjusted.

Each powder block is made of a conductive material, each powder block has a certain conductivity, and the resistivity at each part of each powder block is the same. During arrangement, powder blocks with different resistivity are adjacently placed, and meanwhile, powder blocks with resistivity changing in a certain trend are placed along the arrangement direction, for example, powder blocks with resistivity gradually increasing or decreasing or increasing first and then decreasing are placed along the arrangement direction. After the arrangement, the flat plate structure formed by arranging the powder blocks is sintered into a whole alloy plate at high temperature by adopting the powder metallurgy technology. The resistivity of the alloy plate obtained by adopting the mode at the staggered part corresponding to each adjacent powder block is continuously changed, and the resistivity of each powder block along the arrangement direction of the alloy plate is changed in a certain trend, so that the overall resistivity of the formed alloy plate is changed in a certain trend along the arrangement direction.

Therefore, the change of the resistivity of the alloy plate along a certain direction can be changed by changing the slope of each powder block slope, the number of slopes, the area of the slopes, the size of the staggered part of the adjacent slopes and the placement sequence of each powder block, so that each section of the alloy plate generates heat unevenly, the heating condition of the alloy plate is closer to that of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and the simulated heating is more accurate. The change of the resistivity of the alloy plate along a certain direction refers to the magnitude of the resistivity of each section, the slope of a connecting line of each section in a change trend graph formed by increasing or decreasing the resistivity of adjacent sections, the trend that the resistivity of each section of the whole alloy plate continuously increases or decreases, or increases and decreases first and then increases first, and the like, and other possible changes are not listed.

Example 2

This example is a modification made on the basis of example 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the resistivity of the alloy plate can be continuously controlled by changing the resistivity of each powder block and changing the resistivity and the change trend of the resistivity of each section of the alloy plate by adjusting the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each powder block, wherein each powder block is formed by mixing and pressing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivity, and the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each adjacent powder block is different.

The powder blocks located at both ends of the alloy plate in the arrangement direction have one inclined surface, and each powder block located between the end powder blocks has two inclined surfaces. As shown in fig. 1, 7 powder lumps are arranged in a flat plate structure as an example, and each powder lump is defined as L1 to L7 in sequence, the cross sections of the powder lumps L1 and L7 at both ends are right-angled triangles, and the volumes of the powder lumps at both ends are equal, and the cross sections of the remaining 5 powder lumps L2 to L5 are all rhombohedral shapes, and the volumes of the powder lumps L2 to L5 are equal. The powder blocks are arranged in a staggered mode in sequence along the arrangement direction, the length direction of the flat plate along the arrangement direction is defined as the Z direction, the width direction is the Y direction, the height direction is the X direction, and coordinate axes are established. Two opposite angles of the powder blocks L2-L5 are on the same vertical axis in the vertical direction, and a resistivity change trend chart of the alloy plate obtained after the alloy plate is arranged by the method and is sintered at high temperature in the Z-axis direction is shown in figure 2 and consists of a plurality of sections of continuously changed inclined curves. The resistivity of the alloy plate at the staggered section of the two powder blocks continuously changes, and the overall resistance of the alloy plate is increased and then reduced. The slope of each slope curve segment as shown in fig. 2 can be changed by adjusting the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each powder lump. The slope of each slope curve segment as shown in fig. 2 can also be changed by adjusting the slope of each diamond-shaped powder block and adjusting the staggered area of adjacent powder blocks. The alloy plate has uneven heating of each section, is closer to the heating condition of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and has more accurate simulation heating.

Example 3

This example is a modification made on the basis of example 1.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each powder block is formed by mixing and pressing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivity, the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder of each adjacent powder block is different, the resistivity of each powder block can be changed by adjusting the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each powder block, and then the resistivity and the change of the resistivity of each section of the alloy plate are changed.

As shown in fig. 3, 7 powder lumps are arranged in a flat plate structure as an example, and each powder lump is defined as L1 to L7 in sequence, the cross sections of the powder lumps L1 and L7 at the two ends are respectively trapezoidal and right-angled triangles, the cross sections of the remaining 5 powder lumps L2 to L5 are parallelograms, the lengths of two adjacent sides of the parallelograms are different, and the volumes of the powder lumps L2 to L5 are equal. Two opposite corners of adjacent powder blocks with parallelogram sections are not on a longitudinal axis in the vertical direction, namely, only one part of one powder block is positioned above or below the other powder block to form a staggered section, and the other part is a non-staggered section in the vertical direction. The powder pieces are sequentially arranged along the arrangement direction, the length direction of the flat plate along the arrangement direction is defined as the Z direction, the width direction is the Y direction, and the height direction is the X direction, and coordinate axes are established. Two opposite angles of the powder blocks L2-L5 are on the same vertical axis in the vertical direction, and a resistivity change trend chart of the alloy plate obtained after the alloy plate is arranged by the method and has a flat plate structure and is sintered at high temperature along the Z-axis direction is shown in FIG. 4. The resistivity of the alloy plate at the staggered section of the two powder blocks continuously changes, and is represented by a resistivity change trend graph which is each inclined straight line shown in figure 4, while the resistivity at the non-staggered section is a constant value, and is represented by a resistivity change trend graph which is each line which is shown in figure 4 and is parallel to the Z axis, and the resistivity of each non-staggered section is equal to the resistivity of each powder block which is not staggered with the adjacent powder block. And the resistivity of the whole alloy plate is increased firstly and then reduced.

The slope of each inclined straight line segment shown in fig. 4 can be changed by changing the slope of each powder block, changing the size of the area of each powder block, changing the size of the staggered part and the non-staggered part of the adjacent powder blocks, and further changing the length of each line segment parallel to the Z axis shown in fig. 4, and adjusting the mixing ratio of the metal powder and the ceramic powder in each powder block. The alloy plate has the advantages that the alloy plate can generate heat unevenly at all sections, the heating condition of the alloy plate is closer to that of an actual plate type fuel element and a plate type heat exchanger, and the simulated heating is more accurate.

Example 4

A preparation method of an alloy plate with continuously controllable resistivity comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing metal powder and ceramic powder with different resistivities in different proportions, and pressing into a plurality of powder blocks with at least one inclined plane; the powder blocks at two ends of the alloy plate along the arrangement direction have an inclined surface, each powder block between the end powder blocks has two inclined surfaces, the slopes of the inclined surfaces of the powder blocks are the same, and the section of each powder block between the end powder blocks is a parallelogram. The powder slugs located between the end powder slugs are of the same volume.

(2) Powder blocks with different resistivity are adjacently placed, and the inclined plane of each powder block and the inclined plane of the adjacent powder block are staggered, attached and arranged to form a flat plate structure extending along the arrangement direction;

(3) and (3) sintering the flat plate structure obtained in the step (2) at a high temperature to obtain an alloy plate with an integral structure.

The technology of sintering the plate structure formed by the powder blocks at high temperature into the metal plate is a powder metallurgy technology, the powder metallurgy technology is the prior art, conditions and used instruments and equipment in the process are all commonly used in the powder metallurgy technology, and the alloy plate can be obtained by high-temperature roasting chicken by adopting a conventional powder metallurgy method, which is not described in detail herein.

Specifically, the process of pressing powder material with different resistivity in each embodiment is the existing metal powder pressing technology, and is formed by pressing with a special die at normal temperature, and the method, reagent, instrument, die, etc. adopted in the process can all be adopted in the commonly used metal powder pressing technology, and will not be described in detail here.

And parts not mentioned or detailed in this application are prior art or may be obtained or attained by prior art.

The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.