Simple measuring device and method for permissible exposure time of retina
阅读说明：本技术 视网膜可容许曝照时间简易测定装置及方法 (Simple measuring device and method for permissible exposure time of retina ) 是由 周卓煇 陈景修 于 2020-05-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明主要揭示一种视网膜可容许曝照时间简易测定装置及方法,用以简易量测一光源的一视网膜可容许曝照时间,且主要包括一光接收单元与一核心处理器。其中,该核心处理器之中设有一色温测定单元、一光通量测定单元与一视网膜可容许曝照时间计算单元。在该光接收单元接收该光源的一照明光后,该色温测定单元与该光通量测定单元分别测定该照明光的一色温及一光通量,使得该视网膜可容许曝照时间计算单元能够依据该使用距离、该色温、该光通量而计算出所述视网膜可容许曝照时间。(The invention mainly discloses a simple measuring device and a simple measuring method for retina allowable exposure time, which are used for simply measuring the retina allowable exposure time of a light source and mainly comprise a light receiving unit and a core processor. Wherein the core processor is provided with a color temperature measuring unit, a luminous flux measuring unit and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit. After the light receiving unit receives illumination light of the light source, the color temperature measuring unit and the luminous flux measuring unit respectively measure a color temperature and a luminous flux of the illumination light, so that the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit can calculate the retina allowable exposure time according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux.)
1. A simple retina tolerable exposure time measuring device, comprising:
the light receiving unit is used for receiving specific light emitted by a light source and is away from the light source by a using distance; and
a core processor coupled to the light receiving unit for receiving the specific light, and comprising:
a color temperature measuring unit for measuring a color temperature of the specific light;
a luminous flux measuring unit for measuring a luminous flux of the specific light; and
a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit for calculating a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the retinal allowable exposure time calculation unit uses a mathematical expression to calculate the retinal allowable exposure time, and the mathematical expression isWherein:
MPE is the retinal tolerable exposure time;
FLis the luminous flux;
d is the using distance;
t is the color temperature; and
J. k, L, M, and N are all empirical constants, and any two of the empirical constants are not equal to each other.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a distance sensing unit coupled to the core processor for determining a sensed value of the working distance.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the color temperature measuring unit, the light flux measuring unit and the retinal allowable exposure time calculating unit are compiled into at least one application program in a form of a function library, a variable or an operand, and then built in the core processor.
5. The device for easily determining permissible exposure time of a retina according to claim 1, further comprising:
a display unit coupled to the core processor and controlled by the core processor to display the use distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the allowable exposure time of the retina;
an input unit coupled to the core processor, so that a user can provide the input value of the working distance to the core processor through the input unit; and
a communication unit coupled to the core processor for communicating with a communication interface of an external electronic device.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for measuring the retinal safety enhancement indicator is any one of the following: a desktop optical measuring instrument, a handheld optical measuring instrument, a smart phone with an external optical measuring instrument, a tablet computer with an external optical measuring instrument, a notebook computer with an external optical measuring instrument, an all-in-one computer with an external optical measuring instrument, or a desktop computer with an external optical measuring instrument.
7. The device of claim 3, wherein the distance sensor unit comprises a distance sensor and a data processor, and the distance sensor is any one of the following: optical distance sensors, ultrasonic distance sensors, or radar distance sensors.
8. The device of claim 5, wherein the display unit is a touch display, and the input unit comprises a plurality of keys.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the communication unit comprises a wired transmission interface and/or a wireless transmission interface.
10. A simple method for measuring the tolerable exposure time of retina includes the following steps:
(1) providing a color temperature measuring unit, a luminous flux measuring unit and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit in a core processor;
(2) a light receiving unit is used for receiving a specific light emitted by a light source, wherein the light source 2 is away from the light receiving unit by a using distance;
(3) respectively measuring a color temperature and a luminous flux of the specific light by using the color temperature measuring unit and the luminous flux measuring unit; and
(4) and calculating a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux by using the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising the steps of:
(5) the core processor controls a display unit to display the use distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the allowable exposure time of the retina.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the color temperature measuring unit, the light flux measuring unit and the retinal allowable exposure time calculating unit are compiled into at least one application program in a form of a library, a variable or an operand, and then built in the core processor.
13. The simplified method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the calculating unit uses a mathematical expression to calculate the retinal allowable exposure time, and the mathematical expression isWherein:
MPE is the retinal tolerable exposure time;
FLis the luminous flux;
d is the using distance;
t is the color temperature; and
J. k, L, M, and N are all empirical constants, and any two of the empirical constants are not equal to each other.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the method for measuring the retinal safety enhancement indicator is applied to an electronic device, and the electronic device is any one of the following: a desktop optical measuring instrument, a handheld optical measuring instrument, a smart phone with an external optical measuring instrument, a tablet computer with an external optical measuring instrument, a notebook computer with an external optical measuring instrument, an all-in-one computer with an external optical measuring instrument, or a desktop computer with an external optical measuring instrument.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the distance is inputted to the core processor through an input unit.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the working distance is measured by a distance sensor unit coupled to the core processor, and the distance sensor unit comprises a distance sensor and a data processor.
17. The method of claim 11, wherein the display unit is a touch display.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the distance sensor is any one of the following: optical distance sensors, ultrasonic distance sensors, or radar distance sensors.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of calculation of permissible exposure time of a retina, in particular to a simple measuring device and a simple measuring method for the permissible exposure time of the retina.
Background
It is known that natural light is divided into visible light and invisible light, wherein infrared rays and ultraviolet rays belong to invisible light, and red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet rays belong to visible light. The retina is an important part of the human eye, which converts light signals into nerve signals. It should be noted that sunlight is natural light having a continuous spectrum and including the entire visible light region, and fig. 1 shows a spectrum diagram of sunlight. White LEDs are the mainstream artificial light emitting devices, and have been widely used in various lamps, backlight modules, and self-luminous display panels. Fig. 2 shows a spectrum diagram of a white LED. From fig. 1 and fig. 2, it can be seen that the sunlight is a continuous spectrum, and the spectrum of the white LED is discontinuous and only includes a visible light range of 430nm to 680 nm. As can be seen from the solar spectrum of fig. 1, the intensity of green light in the solar light is higher than that of blue light. In contrast, the spectrum diagram of the white LED of fig. 2 shows that the artificial light emitted from the white LED contains much more blue light intensity than green light intensity.
More specifically, blue light is visible light with a wavelength ranging from 400nm to 500 nm. Moderate blue light can enhance spirit and give a pleasant feeling. However, excessive blue light may cause light damage, interfere with physiological clock, and damage to eyes, and severe cases may cause macular degeneration of eyes. The spectral diagram of fig. 2 has shown that the most widely used white LED contains high intensity blue light, and thus, as people use 3C electronic products containing white LED elements for an increasing time, ophthalmologists, eyeglass manufacturers, and lamp manufacturers do not have a hot topic of not contributing to the promotion of eye injury by blue light.
Retinopathy of the retina (Photoretinitis) is a retinopathy, particularly blue light, caused by light exposure. Due to the high energy of the incident light, some chemical reactions occur on the retina, causing Photochemical damage (Photochemical Damage). ANSI Z136.1 has specified how to calculate the permissible exposure limit (MPE) of the retina, thereby specifying the safety of use of various light sources. The aforementioned ANSI is an abbreviation of American National Standard (ANSI). MPE (Multi-protocol electric power)Illumination (in watts/cm) at a particular wavelength is expressed using an allowed exposure time (in seconds)2In units). Therefore, the MPE value for the retina for the same light will increase as its illumination increases. Of course, the retina of short wavelength light may have an allowable exposure limit that is necessarily shorter than that of long wavelength light under the same illumination.
Briefly, to calculate the permissible exposure limit (MPE limit) of a particular light, Spectral data of the particular light must first be collected using a spectrometer, and then a Spectral weighting value (Spectral weighting value) is obtained from a Blue-light hazard function (Blue-light hazard function) lookup table. Finally, after the Effective radiance (LB) and the Effective illuminance (EB) are calculated using mathematical algorithms provided by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the retinal allowable exposure limit for that particular light can then be calculated.
The unit of the retina permissible exposure limit (MPE limit) is seconds and thus can also be interpreted as a retina permissible exposure time. In other words, the allowable exposure time of the retina refers to the maximum exposure time of the retina for a particular light, such as the light emitted by an LED desk lamp. However, it is unlikely that a typical user would purchase a spectrometer on their own to acquire spectral data for the particular light, and then calculate the acceptable exposure limit for the retina for that particular light.
As can be seen from the above description, there is still a lack of a permissible retinal exposure time that can be used by the average user to determine a particular light.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a simple measuring device and method for retina allowable exposure time, which is used for simply measuring a retina allowable exposure time of a light source, and mainly comprises a light receiving unit and a core processor. Wherein the core processor is provided with a color temperature measuring unit, a luminous flux measuring unit and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit. After the light receiving unit receives illumination light of the light source, the color temperature measuring unit and the luminous flux measuring unit respectively measure a color temperature and a luminous flux of the illumination light, so that the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit can calculate the retina allowable exposure time according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux.
For the general users, the simple retina exposure time determination device can be operated by themselves to measure the MPE value of any commercially available light source, and does not need to use a spectrometer to collect the spectral data of the light source and to look up any blue light hazard function and spectral weighting value.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an embodiment of the simple device for measuring the allowable exposure time of the retina, comprising:
the light receiving unit is used for receiving specific light emitted by a light source and is away from the light source by a using distance;
a core processor coupled to the light receiving unit for receiving the specific light, and comprising:
a luminous flux measuring unit for measuring a color temperature of the specific light;
a luminous flux measuring unit for measuring a luminous flux of the specific light; and
a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit for calculating a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux.
In an embodiment of the simple device for measuring the tolerable exposure time of the retina of the present invention, the device further comprises:
a distance sensing unit coupled to the core processor for determining a sensing value of the working distance.
In an embodiment of the simple device for measuring the tolerable exposure time of the retina of the present invention, the device further comprises:
a display unit coupled to the core processor and controlled by the core processor to display the use distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the allowable exposure time of the retina;
an input unit coupled to the core processor, so that a user can provide the input value of the working distance to the core processor through the input unit; and
the communication unit is coupled with the core processor and used for communicating with a communication interface of an external electronic device.
In the embodiment of the simple measuring device for the retinal allowable exposure time of the present invention, the retinal allowable exposure time calculating unit uses a mathematical expression to calculate the retinal allowable exposure time, and the mathematical expression isWherein:
MPE is the retinal tolerable exposure time;
FLis the luminous flux;
d is the using distance;
t is the color temperature; and
J. k, L, M, and N are all empirical constants, and any two of the empirical constants are not equal to each other.
In a possible embodiment, the measuring device of the safety enhancement indicator of the retina is any one of the following devices: a desktop optical measuring instrument, a handheld optical measuring instrument, a smart phone with an external optical measuring instrument, a tablet computer with an external optical measuring instrument, a notebook computer with an external optical measuring instrument, an All-IN-ONE (All-IN-ONE) computer, an All-IN-ONE computer with an external optical measuring instrument, or a desktop computer with an external optical measuring instrument.
In one embodiment, the distance sensing unit includes a distance sensor and a data processor, and the distance sensor is any one of the following: optical distance sensors, ultrasonic distance sensors, or radar distance sensors.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an embodiment of a simple method for measuring the allowable exposure time of a retina, comprising the following steps:
(1) providing a color temperature measuring unit, a luminous flux measuring unit and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit in a core processor;
(2) a light receiving unit is used for receiving a specific light emitted by a light source, wherein the light source and the light receiving unit are away from each other by a using distance;
(3) respectively measuring a color temperature and a luminous flux of the specific light by using the color temperature measuring unit and the luminous flux measuring unit; and
(4) and calculating a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the using distance, the color temperature and the luminous flux by using the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for easily determining the tolerable exposure time of the retina further comprises the following steps:
(5) the core processor controls a display unit to display the use distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the allowable exposure time of the retina.
In a practical embodiment, the method for measuring the retinal safety improvement index is applied to an electronic device.
In one embodiment, the distance is input to the core processor through an input unit.
In a possible embodiment, the working distance is measured by a distance sensing unit, and the distance sensing unit comprises a distance sensor and a data processor; wherein the distance sensor is any one of the following: optical distance sensors, ultrasonic distance sensors, or radar distance sensors.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a spectrum of sunlight;
FIG. 2 shows a spectrum of a white LED;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a first embodiment of the simple retina tolerable exposure time measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the retina allowable exposure time simple determination apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a simplified method for determining the allowable exposure time of a retina according to the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a dispersion diagram of luminous flux with respect to illuminance;
FIG. 7 shows a scatter plot of color temperature versus allowable exposure time for the retina;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a second embodiment of the simple retina tolerable exposure time measuring device of the present invention; and
fig. 9 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of the retina allowable exposure time simple determination apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals
1: simple device for measuring permissible exposure time of retina
11 light receiving unit
12 core processor
121 color temperature measuring unit
122 luminous flux measuring unit
123 retina allowable exposure time calculating unit
Distance sensing unit 14
15 display unit
16 input unit
17 communication unit
2 light source
S1-S5
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the simple device and method for measuring the allowable exposure time of retina, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment of simple retina permissible exposure time measuring device
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic perspective view of a simple retina exposure time measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown. Also, fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of the retina allowable exposure time simple measurement apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the simple retina tolerable exposure time measuring device 1 of the present invention mainly includes: a light receiving unit 11, a core processor 12, a display unit 15, and an input unit 16. The light receiving unit 11 is spaced apart from a light source 2 by a use distance and is configured to receive a specific light emitted from the light source 2, such as an illumination light emitted from an LED lamp.
As described above, the core processor 12 is coupled to the light receiving unit 11 to receive the specific light. Specifically, the present invention is provided with a color temperature measuring unit 121, a luminous flux measuring unit 122 and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 in the core processor 12. The color temperature measuring unit 121 and the luminous flux measuring unit 122 are respectively used for measuring a color temperature and a luminous flux of the specific light. And, the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 is configured to calculate a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the using distance, the color temperature, and the light flux. In one possible embodiment, the color temperature measuring unit 121, the luminous flux measuring unit 122 and the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 are compiled into at least one application program in the form of a library of functions, variables or operands, and then built into the core processor 12.
In other words, after the core processor 12 is applied to an electronic device (such as the handheld optical measuring instrument shown in fig. 3), the electronic device becomes the simple measuring device for the allowable exposure time of the retina in the present invention. Therefore, in a possible embodiment, the electronic device may be any one of the following: a desktop optical measuring instrument, a handheld optical measuring instrument, a smart phone with an external optical measuring instrument, a tablet computer with an external optical measuring instrument, a notebook computer with an external optical measuring instrument, an All-IN-ONE (All-IN-ONE) computer, an All-IN-ONE computer with an external optical measuring instrument, or a desktop computer with an external optical measuring instrument.
To explain in more detail, the aforementioned retina allowable exposure time calculation unit 123 is usedA mathematical operation formula for calculating the allowable exposure time of retinaWhere MPE is the retina tolerable exposure time (Maximum tolerable exposure time), FLFor the luminous flux, D is the use distance, and T is the color temperature. It is noted that J, K, L, M, and N are empirical constants, and any two of the empirical constants are not equal to each other. Exemplary values for the five empirical constants are summarized in Table (1) below.
Watch (1)
Empirical constant
Exemplary values
J
1.85×103
K
1.29×108
L
2.81×102
M
2.29×104
N
3.49×102
Please refer to fig. 3 and fig. 4 repeatedly. In the simple retina exposure time measuring device 1 of the present invention, the display unit 15 is coupled to the core processor 12 and is controlled by the core processor 12 to display the working distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the retina exposure time. Furthermore, the input unit 16 is coupled to the core processor 12, so that a user can provide the input value of the working distance to the core processor 12 through the input unit 16. In one possible embodiment, the display unit 15 is a touch display, and the input unit 16 includes a plurality of keys. In addition, fig. 3 and 4 also show that the simple retina exposure time measuring device 1 of the present invention further includes a communication unit 17 coupled to the core processor 12 and including a wired transmission interface and/or a wireless transmission interface for communicating with a communication interface of an external electronic device. For example, the external electronic device is an electronic product with a network connection function, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, an all-in-one computer, a tablet computer, a cloud server, a smart phone, and a smart watch.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a simple method for measuring the allowable exposure time of the retina. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the simple method for determining the tolerable exposure time of the retina according to the present invention is mainly integrated in the core processor 12 in a software or firmware manner. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a simplified method for determining the allowable exposure time of a retina according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the method flow first executes step S1: a color temperature measuring unit 121, a luminous flux measuring unit 122 and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 are provided in a core processor 12. Next, step S2 is executed: a light receiving unit 11 is used to receive a specific light emitted from a light source 2, wherein the light source 2 is spaced from the light receiving unit 11 by a working distance. Continuously, step S3 is executed: a color temperature and a luminous flux of the specific light are measured using the color temperature measuring unit 121 and the luminous flux measuring unit 122, respectively. Finally, steps S4 and S5 are performed: the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 is used to calculate a retina allowable exposure time of the specific light according to the use distance, the color temperature, and the luminous flux, and then the core processor 12 controls a display unit 15 to display the use distance, the color temperature, the luminous flux, and/or the retina allowable exposure time.
Examples of the experiments
Referring to fig. 6, a Scatter plot of luminous flux versus illumination (Scatter plot) is shown. As shown in fig. 6, the distances used of 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 60 cm have been indicated in the scatter plot. The measurement data of fig. 6 shows that, at a fixed use distance, the luminous flux of a specific light emitted by a light source 2 increases with the increase of the illuminance. And, in case of a fixed luminous flux, the measured illuminance of the specific light is decreased as the use distance is elongated.
Referring to fig. 7, a Scatter plot (Scatter plot) of color temperature versus allowable exposure time for the retina is shown. To complete the scatter diagram of fig. 7, the inventors took four OLED light emitting elements, four fluorescent lamps (CFLs), and three LED light emitting elements, and collated the following table (2). The measurement data shows that the allowable exposure time of the retina for the specific light emitted by each of the light sources 2 is reduced as the color temperature increases.
Watch (2)
Second embodiment of simple retina permissible exposure time measuring device
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the simple retina exposure time measuring device according to the present invention is shown. Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the retina allowable exposure time simple measurement apparatus according to the present invention. As can be seen from comparing fig. 9 and fig. 4, the second embodiment of the present invention 1 further includes a distance sensing unit 14 coupled to the core processor 12 for determining a sensing value of the working distance. Briefly, according to the first embodiment, the user can manually provide an input value of the working distance to the core processor 12 through the input unit 16. In contrast, according to the second embodiment, the distance sensing unit 14 can automatically perform the sensing of the working distance, so as to provide a sensed value of the working distance to the core processor 12 without requiring the user to manually key in. In one embodiment, the distance sensing unit 14 includes a distance sensor and a data processor, and the distance sensor is any one of the following: optical distance sensors, ultrasonic distance sensors, or radar distance sensors.
Thus, it is fully and clearly understood that the present invention discloses a simple device and method for measuring the allowable exposure time of retina. Moreover, it can be seen from the above that the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention mainly uses a light receiving unit 11 and a core processor 12 to form a simple measuring device for retina allowable exposure time, which is used to simply measure a retina allowable exposure time of a light source 2. The core processor 12 is provided with a color temperature measuring unit 121, a luminous flux measuring unit 122 and a retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123. After the light receiving unit 11 receives an illumination light of the light source 2, the color temperature measuring unit 121 and the light flux measuring unit 122 measure a color temperature and a light flux of the illumination light, respectively, so that the retina allowable exposure time calculating unit 123 can calculate the retina allowable exposure time according to the use distance, the color temperature, and the light flux.
(2) For a general user, the simple retina exposure time measuring device 1 of the present invention can be operated by himself to perform MPE value measurement on any commercially available light source 2 without using a spectrometer to collect spectral data of the light source 2 and without looking up any blue light hazard function and spectral weighting value.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.