阅读说明：本技术 一种转子发动机的端面润滑密封结构 (End face lubricating and sealing structure of rotor engine ) 是由 刘金祥 赵晶晶 黄渭清 邹润 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种转子发动机的端面润滑密封结构,属于小型转子发动机技术领域。包括位于转子主体端面上的端面织构结构、磁流体润滑剂。所述磁流体润滑剂主要由基液、磁性固体颗粒、表面活性剂组成。所述端面织构结构为具有三级孔形状的微造型仿生硅藻织构,且在端面织构结构内置均匀排列的用于与磁流体润滑剂形成磁力的磁性表面织构。端面织构结构内填充磁流体润滑剂。本发明能够保证小型转子发动机端面良好的润滑和密封性能,减小转子端面和气缸盖端面的磨损,进而延长小型转子发动机的使用寿命,此外,通过调节外磁场控制磁流体润滑剂的粘度,从而改变润滑膜的动压特性,调节转子端面和气缸盖端面的承载性能和密封润滑性能。(The invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotary engine, and belongs to the technical field of small rotary engines. The rotor comprises an end face texture structure and a magnetic fluid lubricant which are positioned on the end face of a rotor main body. The magnetic fluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid, magnetic solid particles and surfactant. The end face texture structure is a micro-modeling bionic diatom texture with a three-stage pore shape, and magnetic surface textures which are uniformly arranged and used for forming magnetic force with the magnetic fluid lubricant are arranged in the end face texture structure. And the end face texture structure is filled with the magnetic fluid lubricant. The invention can ensure good lubricating and sealing performance of the end face of the small-sized rotor engine, reduce the abrasion of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, further prolong the service life of the small-sized rotor engine, and in addition, the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled by adjusting an external magnetic field, thereby changing the dynamic pressure characteristic of a lubricating film and adjusting the bearing performance and the sealing and lubricating performance of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover.)

1. The end face lubricating and sealing structure of the rotor engine has the lubricating and sealing object as the end face of the rotor engine; the method is characterized in that: the end face structure and the magnetic fluid lubricant are positioned on the end face of the rotor main body; the magnetic fluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid, magnetic solid particles and a surfactant; the end face texture structure is a micro-modeling bionic diatom texture with a three-stage pore shape, and magnetic surface textures which are uniformly arranged and used for forming magnetic force with the magnetic fluid lubricant are arranged in the end face texture structure; filling a magnetofluid lubricant in the end face texture structure; the micro-modeling bionic diatom texture is used as an oil storage tank to provide magnetofluid lubricating oil for the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover;

when the rotor rotates at a high speed in the engine cylinder, the micro-modeling bionic diatom texture is used as a chip storage groove of an oil storage groove and abrasive particles, and the oil storage groove acts as: lubricating oil is provided for the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, normal lubrication between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is ensured, lubrication failure caused by oil shortage is avoided, dry friction wear and mixed friction wear caused by starting and stopping can be effectively reduced, and the lubricating and sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is improved; the chip storage groove can reduce abrasion and prolong the service life; the magnetic surface texture arranged in the end surface texture structure and the magnetofluid lubricant form a magnetic field, the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled between the friction pairs by the magnetic field, the contact gap is eliminated by the dynamic pressure effect of the magnetofluid lubricant, and the lubricating and sealing performance is improved; the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled at a required position by adjusting the external magnetic field, the adsorption force and the supporting force between the magnetofluid lubricant and the end face of the rotor are adjusted and controlled, a good lubricating and sealing state of a contact area is kept, and the abrasion of a friction pair is reduced; the magnetofluid lubricant is used as a lubricating sealing medium between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled by adjusting the external magnetic field, so that the dynamic pressure characteristic of a magnetofluid lubricating film is changed, and the bearing performance and the lubricating sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are adjusted;

Under the action of a magnetic field formed by a magnetic surface texture arranged in the end face texture structure and the magnetofluid lubricant, magnetic solid particles are attracted by the magnetic surface texture and adsorbed on the surface of the friction pair; the magnetic fluid lubricant is positioned and kept on the contact surface of the friction pair and generates a supporting force, and the supporting force is independent of the sliding speed of the two surfaces; even when the rotor is in a static state, the magnetofluid lubricant can generate supporting force, so that a stable adsorption protective film is formed on the surface of the friction pair, the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are ensured to be tightly attached, no leakage occurs, and a self-sealing effect is achieved; when the rotor engine rotates, the magnetofluid lubricant fills the contact area between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover due to the action of centrifugal force, and the lubricating mode of the magnetofluid lubricant effectively improves the lubricating sealing performance and the bearing performance of the rotor engine.

2. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: in order to save additional space for arranging a permanent magnet due to the fact that the magnetic fluid lubricant needs proper magnetic field intensity, the magnetic surface texture is a magnetic thin film, and the magnetic thin film is a permanent magnet material layer with the thickness of several microns deposited in an end face texture structure; the material is neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material or samarium cobalt permanent magnet material.

3. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field intensity can be changed by adjusting the magnetic surface texture, and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid lubricant can change along with the change of the magnetic field intensity; the change range of the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is wide, so that the adjustment range of the oil film pressure of the magnetofluid lubricant is wide, and the adaptability is strong; by installing permanent magnets with different magnetic field strengths or processing magnetic films with different thicknesses, the magnetic field strength of the friction area is changed, namely the viscosity and the adsorption strength of the magnetic fluid lubricant are changed, so that the corresponding working condition requirements are met.

4. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: in order to further enhance the wedge effect and generate a fluid dynamic pressure lubrication effect so as to improve the bearing capacity of the surface, the end surface texture structure is a micro-modeling bionic round sieve algae texture with a three-level hole shape; the shell wall of the round sifting algae is formed by three layers of micro-shapes with hole shapes, and the hole shapes are basically cylindrical or irregular cylindrical.

5. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the three-level pore-shaped micro-structure of the diatom can generate secondary dynamic pressure lubrication, namely, a step effect is generated, so that the stress can be reduced; with the increase of the number of the holes and the nesting level of the holes, the step effect of the holes is more obvious; the bionic diatom three-level hole-shaped micro-structure is designed and processed on the end face of the rotor, and oil is lubricated and supplemented by using the micro-structure for storing oil, so that the method becomes one of means for improving the lubricating and sealing performance of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover.

6. The end-face lubrication sealing structure of a rotary engine according to claim 5, wherein: in order to meet the relative requirements of the lubrication sealing effect and the mechanical property of the end face structure of the rotor, the end face structure is in a three-layer cylindrical shape, and the depth sizes of the end face structure are respectively 4 microns, 3 microns and 3 microns; the diameter of the three-layer cylinder is determined according to the size of the actual rotor end face.

7. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the end face texture structures are uniformly distributed on two end faces of the rotor; the processing mode of the end face texture structure comprises a precise carving mode, a nanosecond laser processing mode, a femtosecond laser processing mode, an ultrasonic stamping processing mode and a reactive ion etching mode.

8. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: in order to improve the lubricating and sealing effects of the magnetofluid lubricant on the end face of the rotor, the magnetofluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid, magnetic solid particles and a surfactant; the base liquid mainly comprises water, oil and an organic solvent; the magnetic solid particles comprise Fe ₃O₄、Fe₂O₃Ni, Co; the surfactant comprises oleic acid, which prevents agglomeration between the magnetic solid particles.

9. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the end face texture structure is at least arranged in a single row at each section of profile line of the end face of the rotor and is uniformly distributed along the profile line of the rotor, and the center of the end face texture structure is obtained by offsetting the edge profile line of the end face of the rotor to the center of the rotor by a certain distance; the offset distance ensures that the distance between the edge of the rotor end face texture structure and the edge of the rotor end face molded line is greater than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the end face texture structure, and the distance is ensured to be better for forming a magnetic fluid lubricating oil film.

10. A rotary engine face lubrication seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: an eccentric shaft mounting hole is formed in the center of the rotor main body, a weight reducing structure is arranged between the mounting hole and the end face texture structure, and the weight reducing structure must be arranged to ensure that the rotor is uniformly distributed in the directions of three molded lines, so that the self-rotation balance of the rotor is ensured; grooves are formed in the three top ends of the rotor main body and used for mounting radial sealing pieces; the molded lines of the rotor main body are composed of three sections of same arc lines, and a theoretical molded line generation formula is as follows:

Wherein, R is the molded line radius, e is the eccentricity of the rotor engine, and theta is the eccentric shaft angle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a small and medium-sized rotary engine, belonging to the technical field of small and medium-sized rotary engines.

Background

In the fields of miniaturized electromechanical industry, such as minicar range extender, small unmanned aerial vehicle, military individual combat system, small robot, etc., the batteries are mainly used for providing power sources for the equipment at present. Even though the current advanced lithium ion batteries have energy density far lower than that of the internal combustion engine, the energy density is only about 1/20 of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, how to provide a small power plant with high energy density, high reliability and long life for these small devices becomes an increasingly prominent problem.

The development of a small internal combustion engine would be one of the effective ways to solve this problem. The rotary engine has the characteristics of high power-to-weight ratio, stable operation, simple structure and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of small unmanned aerial vehicles. Because the miniaturization of the rotor engine is limited by space, part of parts, such as end face sealing strips, can be reduced in design, the rotor and the cylinder cover are directly assembled together, and sealing is realized by the matching tolerance of the rotor and the cylinder cover. In order to prevent the rotor engine from being blocked after being heated and expanded to cause the rotor engine not to normally run when the rotor engine works, the matching tolerance of the rotor and a cylinder cover is generally increased, so that the air leakage area of the end face is inevitably increased, the efficiency of the rotor engine is reduced, and even the rotor engine cannot stably run. In the process of miniaturization of a rotor engine, the problems become more and more serious, and in order to solve the problems, how to design lubrication and sealing of the end face of the rotor is very important.

The friction loss power of the small rotor engine mainly comprises the friction loss power of a rotor end face, a radial sealing sheet and a bearing. The friction loss power caused by the end face of the rotor is the largest and accounts for about 60% of the friction loss power of the whole machine, and the friction loss power caused by the micro-protrusions and the oil film is a decisive factor influencing the friction loss power of the end face of the rotor. Under severe working environments, the traditional lubrication method faces huge challenges. How to carry out specific surface structure design on the rotor end face and accurately and intensively locate lubricating oil in a contact area between the rotor end face and the cylinder cover end face so as to achieve durable lubrication and meet the lubricating requirements of working conditions is a challenge at present.

The mechanical seal is a common form of fluid dynamic seal, is mainly applied under the conditions of high pressure and high rotating speed, and is an important part for preventing leakage of rotating equipment. The fluid dynamic pressure effect can improve the bearing capacity of the mechanical seal, reduce friction, abrasion and leakage, improve the sealing reliability and prolong the sealing service life. The magnetic fluid lubrication and sealing is one of the main application fields of the magnetic fluid, and the magnetic fluid lubrication is to lubricate a friction pair by using the magnetic fluid to replace the traditional lubricating oil, improve the friction performance by depending on an external magnetic field and prolong the service life of the friction pair. The magnetic fluid can be accurately filled with the lubricating surface to realize continuous localized lubrication under the action of an external magnetic field, can offset the action of gravity and centrifugal force, is not easy to leak and is not polluted by external media. The magnetic solid particles in the magnetic fluid are nano-sized and far lower than the surface roughness, and the friction loss caused by the nano-sized magnetic solid particles is extremely small. The magnetic fluid lubrication can form good full-film lubrication, the generated friction force is smaller than that of the traditional lubrication, and the bearing capacity and the abrasion resistance are greatly improved. Meanwhile, the magnetic fluid lubrication has the advantages of high reliability, less pollution, low friction loss and the like.

Diatoms are a tiny, unicellular class of algae with rigid cell walls composed of amorphous silica that are extremely widespread in nature. The diatom cell wall is of an exquisite multistage porous structure, so that the diatom cell wall has extremely high tensile property and elastic toughness, and can bear the pressure of 10 orders of magnitude⁶Pa. The multi-stage pore structure of diatoms varies depending on the species of diatom, but most approximate to circles, ovals, hemispheres, and hexagons. Generally, the outermost surface of the diatom cell wall is a micron-level macropore (primary pore), a pore with a relatively smaller size (secondary pore) is nested in the macropore, and a pore with a smaller size (tertiary pore) is nested in the secondary pore of the diatom, as shown in fig. 1. Conveying applianceThe geometrical shape of the traditional surface texture is generally single, while the pore texture of the surface of the bionic diatom is nested in a multi-stage composite manner, namely small pores are nested in large pores, and researches show that the structure has good tribological performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotary engine, which ensures good lubricating and sealing performance of the end face of a small rotary engine, reduces the abrasion of the end face of a rotor and the end face of a cylinder cover, further prolongs the service life of the small rotary engine, and controls the viscosity of a magnetic fluid lubricant by adjusting an external magnetic field, thereby changing the dynamic pressure characteristic of a lubricating film and adjusting the bearing performance and the sealing and lubricating performance of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotary engine. The end face lubricating and sealing structure of the rotor engine comprises an end face texture structure and a magnetic fluid lubricant which are positioned on the end face of a rotor main body. The magnetic fluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid, magnetic solid particles and surfactant. The end face texture structure is a micro-modeling bionic diatom texture with a three-stage pore shape, and magnetic surface textures which are uniformly arranged and used for forming magnetic force with the magnetic fluid lubricant are arranged in the end face texture structure. And the end face texture structure is filled with the magnetic fluid lubricant. The micro-modeling bionic diatom texture is used as an oil storage tank to provide magnetofluid lubricating oil for the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover.

When the rotor rotates at a high speed in the engine cylinder, the micro-modeling bionic diatom texture is used as a chip storage groove of an oil storage groove and abrasive particles, and the oil storage groove acts as: lubricating oil is provided for the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, normal lubrication between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is ensured, lubrication failure caused by oil shortage is avoided, dry friction wear and mixed friction wear caused by starting and stopping can be effectively reduced, and the lubricating and sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is improved; the chip storage groove can reduce abrasion and prolong the service life. The magnetic surface texture arranged in the end surface texture structure and the magnetofluid lubricant form a magnetic field, the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled between the friction pairs by the magnetic field, the contact gap is eliminated by the dynamic pressure effect of the magnetofluid lubricant, and the lubricating and sealing performance is improved; the magnetic fluid lubricant is controlled at a required position by adjusting the external magnetic field, the adsorption force and the supporting force between the magnetic fluid lubricant and the end face of the rotor are adjusted and controlled, a good lubricating and sealing state of a contact area is kept, and the abrasion of a friction pair is reduced. The magnetofluid lubricant is used as a lubricating sealing medium between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled by adjusting the external magnetic field, so that the dynamic pressure characteristic of a magnetofluid lubricating film is changed, and the bearing performance and the lubricating sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are adjusted.

Under the action of a magnetic field formed by a magnetic surface texture arranged in the end face texture structure and the magnetofluid lubricant, magnetic solid particles are attracted by the magnetic surface texture and adsorbed on the surface of the friction pair; the magnetic fluid lubricant is positioned and kept on the contact surface of the friction pair and generates a supporting force, and the supporting force is independent of the sliding speed of the two surfaces; even when the rotor is in a static state, the magnetofluid lubricant can generate supporting force, so that a stable adsorption protective film is formed on the surface of the friction pair, the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are ensured to be tightly attached, no leakage occurs, and a self-sealing effect is achieved; when the rotor engine rotates, the magnetofluid lubricant fills the contact area between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover due to the action of centrifugal force, and the lubricating mode of the magnetofluid lubricant effectively improves the lubricating sealing performance and the bearing performance of the rotor engine.

In order to save additional space for arranging the permanent magnets due to the requirement of proper magnetic field intensity of the magnetic fluid lubricant, the magnetic surface texture is preferably a magnetic thin film, and the magnetic thin film is a permanent magnetic material layer with the thickness of several microns deposited in an end face texture structure. The material is neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material or samarium cobalt permanent magnet material.

Preferably, the magnetic field intensity can be changed by adjusting the magnetic surface texture, and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid lubricant can change along with the change of the magnetic field intensity; the change range of the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is wide, so that the adjustment range of the oil film pressure of the magnetofluid lubricant is wide, and the adaptability is strong; by installing permanent magnets with different magnetic field strengths or processing magnetic films with different thicknesses, the magnetic field strength of the friction area is changed, namely the viscosity and the adsorption strength of the magnetic fluid lubricant are changed, so that the corresponding working condition requirements are met.

In order to further enhance the wedge effect and generate the hydrodynamic lubrication effect, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the surface, preferably, the end surface texture structure is a micro-modeling bionic round sieve algae texture with a three-level pore shape. The shell wall of the round screen algae is formed by three layers of pore-shaped micro-models, the pore shapes are basically cylindrical or irregular cylindrical, and the radii are different. Compared with the single-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure, the three-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure has two stages of stepped holes, so that two wedge-shaped gaps are formed between the solid surfaces, and when the two solid surfaces move relatively, a dynamic pressure lubrication effect is generated twice, so that the three-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure has better lubrication performance than the single-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure.

Preferably, the three-level pore-shaped micro-structure of the diatom can generate secondary dynamic pressure lubrication, namely, a step effect, so that the stress can be reduced; with the increase of the number of the holes and the nesting level of the holes, the step effect of the holes is more obvious; the bionic diatom three-level hole-shaped micro-structure is designed and processed on the end face of the rotor, and oil is lubricated and supplemented by using the micro-structure for storing oil, so that the method becomes one of means for improving the lubricating and sealing performance of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover.

In order to meet the requirements of the lubrication sealing effect and the mechanical property of the end face structure of the rotor, the end face texture structure is further preferably three-layer cylindrical, and the depth dimensions of the end face texture structure are respectively 4 micrometers, 3 micrometers and 3 micrometers; the diameter of the three-layer cylinder is determined according to the size of the actual rotor end face.

The end face texture structures are uniformly distributed on two end faces of the rotor; the processing mode of the end face texture structure comprises a precise carving mode, a nanosecond laser processing mode, a femtosecond laser processing mode, an ultrasonic stamping processing mode and a reactive ion etching mode.

In order to improve the lubricating and sealing effects of the magnetofluid lubricant on the end face of the rotor, the magnetofluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid, magnetic solid particles and a surfactant. The base liquid mainly comprises water, oil and an organic solvent. The magnetic solid particles mainly comprise Fe ₃O₄、Fe₂O₃Ni, Co. The surfactant mainly comprises oleic acid, and prevents agglomeration among the magnetic solid particles. Preferably, the base fluid is oil, and the magnetic solid particles are Fe₃O₄，Fe₃O₄The particle diameter of (2) is 10nm, the volume fraction is 10%, and the surfactant is oleic acid.

Preferably, the end face texture structure is at least arranged in a single row at each section of profile line of the end face of the rotor and is uniformly distributed along the rotor profile line, and the center of the end face texture structure is obtained by offsetting a certain distance from the edge profile line of the end face of the rotor to the center of the rotor; the offset distance ensures that the distance between the edge of the rotor end face texture structure and the edge of the rotor end face molded line is greater than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the end face texture structure, and the distance is ensured to be better for forming a magnetic fluid lubricating oil film.

Preferably, the center of the rotor main body is provided with an eccentric shaft mounting hole, a weight reducing structure is arranged between the mounting hole and the end face texture structure, and the weight reducing structure must be arranged to ensure that the rotor is uniformly distributed in the directions of three molded lines, so that the self-rotation balance of the rotor is ensured. Grooves are formed in the three top ends of the rotor main body and used for mounting radial sealing pieces; the molded lines of the rotor main body are composed of three sections of same arc lines, and a theoretical molded line generation formula is as follows:

Wherein, R is the molded line radius, e is the eccentricity of the rotor engine, and theta is the eccentric shaft angle.

Has the advantages that:

1. according to the end face lubricating and sealing structure of the rotary engine, the lubricating oil temperature rises when the rotary engine continuously works, so that the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, and a bearing oil film is thinned and even broken; when the traditional mixing lubrication is adopted, the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover have no lubricating oil effect, and the rotor and the cylinder cover can be extruded mutually to be worn, so that the output power is reduced. The end surface texture structure and the magnetic fluid lubricant provide possibility for solving the problem of lubrication and sealing in extreme environments, and the working conditions of the end surface of the rotor and the end surface of the cylinder cover can be kept to operate durably and reliably only by special surface structures and lubricating media. Surface texture and magnetic fluid lubrication have proven to be important means of improving the lubricating seal and frictional properties.

2. The invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotor engine, when a rotor rotates at a high speed in an engine cylinder, a micro-modeling bionic diatom texture is used as an oil storage tank and a chip storage groove of abrasive particles, and the oil storage tank has the following functions: lubricating oil is provided for the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, normal lubrication between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is ensured, lubrication failure caused by oil shortage is avoided, dry friction wear and mixed friction wear caused by starting and stopping can be effectively reduced, and the lubricating and sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is improved; the chip storage groove can reduce abrasion and prolong the service life.

3. The invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotor engine, wherein a magnetic surface texture arranged in an end face texture structure and a magnetofluid lubricant form a magnetic field, the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled between friction pairs by using the magnetic field, a contact gap is eliminated by using the dynamic pressure effect of the magnetofluid lubricant, and the lubricating and sealing performance is improved; in order to save additional space for arranging the permanent magnet due to the fact that the magnetofluid lubricant needs proper magnetic field intensity, the magnetic surface texture is a magnetic thin film, and the magnetic thin film is a permanent magnet material layer with the thickness of several microns deposited in the end face texture structure; the magnetic fluid lubricant is controlled at a required position by adjusting the external magnetic field, the adsorption force and the supporting force between the magnetic fluid lubricant and the end face of the rotor are adjusted and controlled, a good lubricating and sealing state of a contact area is kept, and the abrasion of a friction pair is reduced. The magnetofluid lubricant is used as a lubricating sealing medium between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled by adjusting the external magnetic field, so that the dynamic pressure characteristic of an oil film of the magnetofluid lubricant is changed, and the bearing performance and the lubricating sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are adjusted.

4. The invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotary engine.A magnetic solid particle is attracted by a magnetic surface texture and adsorbed on a contact area of the end face of a rotor and the end face of a cylinder cover under the action of a magnetic field formed by the magnetic surface texture arranged in an end face texture structure and a magnetic fluid lubricant; the magnetofluid lubricant is positioned and maintained in a contact area of the end surface of the rotor and the end surface of the cylinder cover and generates a supporting force, and the supporting force is independent of the sliding speeds of the two surfaces; even when the rotor is in a static state, the magnetofluid lubricant can generate supporting force, so that a stable adsorption protective film is formed on the surface of the friction pair, the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are ensured to be tightly attached, no leakage occurs, and a self-sealing effect is achieved; when the rotor engine rotates, the magnetofluid lubricant is filled in the sealing contact end face under the action of centrifugal force, and the lubricating mode of the magnetofluid lubricant effectively improves the lubricating sealing performance and the bearing performance of the rotor engine.

5. The end face lubricating and sealing structure of the rotary engine disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the end face texture structure provides good lubricating and sealing performance for the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover; the single-stage hole structure has a single hole shape and can only generate a one-time dynamic pressure effect, so that the lubricating and sealing performance of the single-stage hole shape micro-structure is not outstanding enough; compared with the single-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure, the three-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure has two stages of stepped holes, so that two wedge-shaped gaps are formed between the solid surfaces, and when the two solid surfaces move relatively, a dynamic pressure lubrication effect is generated twice, so that the three-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure has better lubrication performance than the single-stage hole-shaped micro-textured structure.

6. The invention discloses an end face lubricating and sealing structure of a rotor engine.A magnetofluid lubricant in a bionic diatom tertiary-pore-shaped micro-structure has certain buffering and vibration absorbing functions, so that noise is reduced; meanwhile, the permanent magnet is placed at the oil outlet, so that the flow of the magnetic fluid can be accelerated, the heat dissipation of the rotor engine is accelerated, and the heat efficiency of the engine is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a third grade hole of a round sifting algae.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor body and an end face texture thereof.

Wherein: 1-a rotor body; 2-end face texture structure;

fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the end face texture at I in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the magnetic fluid lubricant.

Wherein: 3.1-base fluid; 3.2-magnetic solid particles; 3.3-a surfactant;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rotor end face bionic diatom three-stage pore shape micro-modeling structure.

Wherein: FIG. 5(a) is a Y-direction view; FIG. 5(b) is a Y-direction view; 4-a magnetic thin film;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bionic diatom single-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure on the end face of a rotor.

Wherein: FIG. 6(a) is a Y-direction view; FIG. 6(b) is a Y-direction view; 4-a magnetic thin film;

fig. 7 is a schematic pressure distribution diagram of a bionic diatom three-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure and a single-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure on the end face of a rotor.

Fig. 8 is a schematic film thickness distribution diagram of a bionic diatom three-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure and a single-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure on the end face of a rotor.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic drawings that illustrate, by way of illustration only, the basic structure and operation of the invention, and thus show only the elements that are relevant to the invention.

As shown in fig. 2, the end face lubrication sealing structure of the rotary engine disclosed in this embodiment includes an end face texture structure 2 on the end face of the rotor body 1, and a magnetic fluid lubricant 3. The method is characterized in that: when the rotor main body 1 rotates at a high speed in an engine cylinder, the end face texture structure 2 can store a small amount of lubricating oil, so that a lubricating oil film is formed between the end face of the rotor and the end face of a cylinder cover, and the lubricating and sealing performances between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are improved; the end face texture structures 2 are uniformly distributed on two end faces of the rotor main body 1; the structural processing mode of the end face texture 2 comprises a precise carving mode, a nanosecond laser processing mode, a femtosecond laser processing mode, an ultrasonic stamping processing mode and a reactive ion etching mode.

As shown in fig. 3, the end face texture structure 2 is at least arranged in a single row at each section of profile of the end face of the rotor, and is uniformly distributed along the profile of the rotor body 1, and the center of the profile is obtained by offsetting the edge profile of the rotor 1 to the center of the rotor by a certain distance; the offset distance is ensured to ensure that the distance between the edge of the rotor end face texture structure 2 and the edge of the rotor end face molded line is greater than or equal to the width D of the end face texture structure 2₃1/3, the distance is ensured to better form the lubricating oil film of the magnetic fluid.

As shown in figure 4, the magnetic fluid lubricant mainly comprises base fluid 3.1, magnetic solid particles 3.2 and surfactant 3.3, wherein the base fluid 3.1 is selected from oil, and the magnetic solid particles 3.2 are selected from Fe₃O₄，Fe₃O₄The particle diameter of (2) is 10nm, the volume fraction is 10%, and the surfactant 3.3 is oleic acid.

As shown in fig. 5, the end face texture structure is a bionic diatom three-level pore-shaped micro-modeling structure, and the depth dimension H of the end face texture structure₁、H₂And H₃Respectively 4 μm, 3 μm and 3 μm; diameter dimension D of three-layer cylinder₁、D₂And D₃Determining according to the size of the actual rotor end face; the 4 is a magnetic thin film with a magnetic surface texture, a permanent magnet material layer with the thickness of several microns is deposited in the end surface texture structure 2, so that additional space for arranging permanent magnets due to the fact that proper magnetic field intensity is needed for magnetic fluid lubrication is saved, and the material is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material or a samarium cobalt permanent magnet material; the end face texture structure 2 is filled with the magnetofluid lubricant 3, under the action of magnetic field force generated by the magnetic film 4, the magnetic solid particles 3.2 are attracted by the magnetic surface texture and adsorbed on the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the magnetofluid lubricant is positionedThe magnetic fluid lubricant is kept in a contact area between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover and generates support, and the phenomenon of layering and precipitation of the magnetic fluid lubricant can not occur; by installing permanent magnets with different magnetic field strengths or processing magnetic films with different thicknesses, the magnetic field strength of the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover is changed, namely the viscosity and the adsorption strength of the magnetic fluid lubricant are changed, so that the corresponding working condition requirements are met.

As shown in fig. 6, the end face texture structure 2 is a bionic diatom single-stage pore-shaped micro-modeling structure, D₄＝D₃，H₄＝H₃(ii) a And arranging an end face single-layer micro-texture structure, comparing the end face single-layer micro-texture structure with the end face bionic diatom three-level pore shape micro-texture structure in the graph of fig. 5, and analyzing the lubricating and sealing effects of two different end face texture structures.

As shown in fig. 2, an eccentric shaft mounting hole is formed in the center of the rotor body 1, a weight reduction structure is arranged between the mounting hole and the end face texture structure 2, and the weight reduction structure must be arranged to ensure that the rotor is uniformly distributed in the three profile directions, so that the self-rotation balance of the rotor is ensured. Grooves are formed in the three top ends of the rotor main body and used for mounting radial sealing pieces; the molded line of the rotor main body 1 consists of three sections of same arc lines, and a theoretical molded line generation formula is as follows:

wherein, R is the molded line radius, e is the eccentricity of the rotor engine, and theta is the eccentric shaft angle.

The magnetic fluid is successfully applied to the fields of space bearing lubrication of rotary sealing parts and the like, and has a very wide application prospect in the working environment of a rotor engine. The magnetic-control intelligent localized lubrication device is simple in structure and convenient to use, magnetic field force generated by the magnetic film 4 with the magnetic surface texture is regulated, the magnetic fluid lubricant is adsorbed in the end face texture structure 2 and accurately controlled in the localized range of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, magnetic-control intelligent localized lubrication is achieved, the problem of poor lubrication and sealing of the end face of the rotor is solved, and the service life of an engine is prolonged.

On the basis of considering Reynolds equation of heat and non-Newtonian fluid, an infinite line contact mathematical model is established, discretization and non-dimensionalization are carried out on a lubrication equation, and then a multiple grid method is adopted to carry out lubrication analysis on the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover. The influence of the bionic diatom texture and the magnetic fluid lubricant on the film thickness and pressure of the lubricating film is discussed. Fig. 7 and 8 are oil film pressure and oil film thickness distribution diagrams of the biomimetic diatom tertiary pore shape micro-fabricated structure and the single-stage pore shape micro-fabricated structure. Comparing the oil film pressure and the oil film thickness distribution of the magnetofluid lubricant with different texture types in the images of 7 and 8, the magnetofluid lubricant with the bionic diatom three-level pore-shaped micro-structure surface texture structure has the advantages of larger oil film thickness, smaller oil film pressure and better lubricating effect.

The working method of the end face lubricating and sealing structure of the rotary engine disclosed by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

when the rotor rotates at a high speed in an engine cylinder, the end face of the rotor is in friction contact with the end face of a cylinder cover, so that the lubricating and sealing performance is poor. The bionic diatom three-level hole-shaped micro-modeling texture structure is processed on the end face of the rotor and serves as an oil storage tank and a chip storage groove of abrasive particles, a magnetic surface texture arranged in the end face texture structure 2 and a magnetic fluid lubricant form a magnetic field, the magnetic fluid lubricant is controlled between the contact area of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover by the aid of the magnetic field, contact gaps are eliminated by the aid of the dynamic pressure effect of the magnetic fluid lubricant, and lubricating and sealing performance is improved. Under the action of a magnetic field formed by the magnetic surface texture arranged in the end face texture structure 2 and the magnetic fluid lubricant, the magnetic solid particles 3.2 are attracted by the magnetic surface texture and adsorbed between the contact areas of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the magnetic fluid lubricant is positioned and held between the contact areas of the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover and generates supporting force. In order to save additional space for arranging the permanent magnet due to the fact that the magnetic fluid lubricant needs proper magnetic field intensity, the magnetic surface texture is a magnetic thin film, and the magnetic thin film is a permanent magnet material layer with the thickness of several microns deposited in the end face texture structure. The magnetofluid lubricant is controlled in the contact area between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover by adjusting the external magnetic field, the adsorption force and the supporting force between the magnetofluid lubricant and the end face of the rotor are adjusted and controlled, a good lubricating and sealing state of the contact area is kept, and the abrasion of the contact area is reduced. The magnetofluid lubricant is used as a lubricating sealing medium between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover, and the viscosity of the magnetofluid lubricant is controlled by adjusting the external magnetic field, so that the dynamic pressure characteristic of an oil film of the magnetofluid lubricant is changed, and the bearing performance and the lubricating sealing performance between the end face of the rotor and the end face of the cylinder cover are adjusted.

The above detailed description is provided for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.