阅读说明：本技术 一种基于机器视觉的双孢菇采摘装置 (Device is picked to bisporous mushroom based on machine vision ) 是由 闫磊 李思源 袁鹏 徐依宁 焦振辰 程朋乐 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于机器视觉的双孢菇采摘装置,属于蘑菇采摘领域。本发明的双孢菇采摘装置能够自动识别出符合采摘标准的双孢菇位于菇床的位置,本发明的模具式结构采用齿轮齿条和同步带直线模组的组合,以保证模具有足够的运动范围,且满足叉子的高度要求,配合弹簧刀完成切根,由齿轮齿条将切根后的双孢菇传输到传送带上。本发明的装置降低了工人的劳动强度,提高了双孢菇分级、采摘、切根的效率。(The invention discloses an agaricus bisporus picking device based on machine vision, and belongs to the field of mushroom picking. The agaricus bisporus picking device can automatically identify the position of agaricus bisporus which meets the picking standard and is positioned on a mushroom bed, the die type structure of the agaricus bisporus picking device adopts the combination of a gear rack and a synchronous belt linear die set to ensure that the die has enough movement range and meet the height requirement of forks, the agaricus bisporus after root cutting is finished by matching with a spring knife, and the agaricus bisporus after root cutting is transmitted to a conveying belt by the gear rack. The device reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves the efficiency of classifying, picking and cutting the roots of the agaricus bisporus.)

1. The agaricus bisporus picking device based on machine vision is characterized in that a shell of a motor I (1) is mounted on a fixing frame I (2), and a power output shaft of the motor I (1) is in key connection with a transmission shaft I (3); the transmission shaft I (3) is in key connection with the driving chain wheel I (4) and the driving chain wheel II (5); the driving chain wheel I (4) and the driving chain wheel II (5) are connected with the driven chain wheel I (8) and the driven chain wheel II (9) through a chain I (6) and a chain II (7) and are fixed on a left chain wheel fixing frame (10) and a right chain wheel fixing frame (11); the 6 forks (12) are fixedly distributed on the chain I (6) and the chain II (7) at equal intervals; the cutting device consists of a push-pull electromagnet (13) and a cutter (14) and is fixed on the left chain wheel fixing frame (10); the picking device is connected with a sliding block I (16) through a fixed connecting piece (15) so as to be capable of sliding on a synchronous belt linear module I (17); a power output shaft of the motor II (18) is in key connection with the synchronous belt linear module I (17); a power output shaft of the motor III (19) is in key connection with the synchronous belt linear module II (20); the motor II (18) and the motor III (19) are fixed on the fixed frame (21); the camera connecting piece (22) is fixed on the sliding block II (23), and the industrial camera (24) is fixed on the camera connecting piece (22) through a nut; the conveyor belt (25), the collecting basket (26) and the synchronous belt I (17) keep a fixed horizontal distance; the motor IV (27) and the motor V (28) are fixed on the fixed frame (21).

2. The agaricus bisporus picking device based on the machine vision as claimed in claim 1, wherein when picking the agaricus bisporus, the motor I (1) rotates the transmission shaft I (3), the driving chain wheel I (4) and the driving chain wheel II (5) through the power output shaft, and then rotates the chain I (6), the chain II (7), the driven chain wheel I (8) and the driven chain wheel II (9), so that the forks (12) fixed on the chain I (6) and the chain II (7) pick the agaricus bisporus through rotation and stop at a fixed position; after picking, controlling a push-pull type electromagnet (13) through an electric signal to pop up a cutter (14) and cutting off the stipe of the agaricus bisporus; the cutter (14) is retracted to the initial position by an electric signal.

3. The agaricus bisporus picking device based on the machine vision as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the cutter (14) separates the stipe of the agaricus bisporus, the picking device continues to work to pick two agaricus bisporus, the fork clamping the mushroom cap turns over the top through the chain I (6) and the chain II (7), falls onto the conveyor belt (25) and is conveyed to fall into the collecting basket (26).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of mushroom picking, and particularly relates to an agaricus bisporus picking device based on machine vision.

Background

The agaricus bisporus is a common edible fungus variety and has rich nutritive value. The China edible fungus Association releases statistical data in 2020, the total yield of edible fungi in the whole country in 2019 is 3933.87 ten thousand tons, wherein the yield of the agaricus bisporus is 231.4 ten thousand tons, and the ratio is 5.9%. At present, the agaricus bisporus planting is in a rapid development stage in China, and a bedstead type cultivation method is a main production mode of the agaricus bisporus planting. The large-scale aseptic production of the agaricus bisporus in a factory has high requirements on the environment of a production workshop, such as constant temperature, constant humidity, no mixed bacteria and the like. The large-scale aseptic workshop production needs a large amount of manual work to pick and sort the agaricus bisporus, and along with the problems that the working time of workers is limited, the working environment is not suitable for long-time operation of workers, the labor force shortage of rural suitable ages is caused, and the like, in order to improve the picking efficiency and quality and save the labor cost, the agaricus bisporus picking system based on machine vision is designed.

The automatic picking system of intelligence can solve effectively and pick the problem, and its key component is end effector for the centre gripping mushroom. The end effector can improve the picking efficiency on the premise of protecting the agaricus bisporus quality, and avoids adverse effects on subsequent links of storage, rough processing and sale.

In order to solve the above problems, people in the Wengchun construction and the like invented a mushroom picking device (utility model patent: 201620182546.8), the end effector of which is composed of a gas generator, a negative pressure generator, a connecting device, a suction cup and the like, the suction cup is connected with the gas generator through a gas pipe, and the mushroom is sucked and put down by sucking and cutting off the gas. The device can well keep the grade of mushroom, but the device only can absorb one mushroom in one grabbing process, and the phenomenon that the mushroom cannot fall off may exist when the air is cut off after the mushroom cap surface of the mushroom is absorbed in a damp environment in a mushroom house. The invention discloses an automatic mushroom picking system (patent of invention, automatic mushroom picking system and method based on machine vision, application number: 201710257060.5). The end effector of the device uses an air bag type mechanical claw, and the air pressure in the air bag is controlled by an air pump to realize the bending of the knuckle of the mechanical claw to generate radial displacement. Gasbag formula manipulator is difficult to cause the damage to the mushroom surface, but the power of grabbing that atmospheric pressure produced is difficult to control, and is required highly to atmospheric pressure control, snatchs the efficiency and is lower.

At present, most of agricultural picking robots based on machine vision are developed and researched for a certain specific agricultural product, and different picking objects have great requirements on picking equipment due to differences of planting environments, shapes of the picking objects, planting density and the like. Therefore, the equipment is designed aiming at the agaricus bisporus produced in a large-scale sterile mode, and the machine vision-based agaricus bisporus picking device which is high in picking efficiency and integrated with picking and cutting functions is developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention designs an intelligent ginger root cutting device. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an agaricus bisporus picking device based on machine vision is characterized in that a shell of a motor I1 is mounted on a fixing frame I2, and a power output shaft of a motor I1 is in key connection with a transmission shaft I3; the transmission shaft I3 is in key connection with the driving chain wheel I4 and the driving chain wheel II 5; the driving chain wheel I4 and the driving chain wheel II 5 are connected with the driven chain wheel I8 and the driven chain wheel II 9 through a chain I6 and a chain II 7 and are fixed on a left chain wheel fixing frame 10 and a right chain wheel fixing frame 11; the 6 forks 12 are fixedly distributed on the chain I6 and the chain II 7 at equal intervals; the cutting device consists of a push-pull electromagnet 13 and a cutter 14 and is fixed on the left chain wheel fixing frame 10; the picking device is connected with a sliding block I16 through a fixed connecting piece 15, so that the picking device can slide on a synchronous belt linear module I17; the power output shaft of the motor II 18 is in key connection with the synchronous belt linear module I17; a power output shaft of the motor III 19 is in key connection with the synchronous belt linear module II 20; the motor II 18 and the motor III 19 are fixed on the fixing frame 21; the camera connecting piece 22 is fixed on the sliding block II 23, and the industrial camera 24 is fixed on the camera connecting piece 22 through a nut; the conveyor belt 25 and the collecting basket 26 keep a fixed horizontal distance with the synchronous belt I17; the motor IV 27 and the motor V28 are fixed on the fixed frame 21. When the agaricus bisporus is picked, the motor I1 enables the transmission shaft I3 to rotate, the driving chain wheel I4 and the driving chain wheel II 5 to rotate through the power output shaft, then the chain I6, the chain II 7, the driven chain wheel I8 and the driven chain wheel II 9 are enabled to rotate, and the forks 12 fixed on the chain I6 and the chain II 7 are enabled to pick the agaricus bisporus through rotation and stop at a fixed position; after picking, controlling a push-pull electromagnet 13 through an electric signal to pop a cutter 14 out, and cutting off the stipe of the agaricus bisporus; the knife 14 is then retracted to the initial position by an electrical signal. After the cutter 14 separates the stipe of the agaricus bisporus, the picking device continues to work to pick two agaricus bisporus, the fork clamping the pileus turns over the top through the chain I6 and the chain II 7, falls onto the conveyor belt 25 and is conveyed to fall into the collecting basket 26.

The combination of the rack mechanism and the synchronous belt is adopted in the device, so that the horizontal position of the picking mechanism can be freely adjusted to ensure that the picking device is automatically positioned to a picking position within a certain arc range and can complete root cutting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the picking apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the picking and conveying apparatus of the present invention;

Detailed Description

Before the device works, the synchronous belt linear module I17 and the synchronous belt linear module II 20 form an included angle of 180 degrees, and the sliding block I16 and the sliding block II 23 are close to one ends of the motor II 18 and the motor III 19 and are in an initial state of the whole device. Firstly, starting a motor IV 27 to drive a synchronous belt linear module II 20 to rotate at a constant angular speed, and acquiring images by an industrial camera 24 in the rotating process; after the synchronous belt linear module II 20 rotates to the fixed position, motor III 19 drive slider II 23 removes fixed distance to the distal end, and it is rotatory to drive the synchronous belt linear module II 20 constant angular velocity by motor IV 27 again, makes industrial camera 24 gather new arc region's image, so relapse, until slider II 23 moves the most distal end to synchronous belt linear module II 20, accomplishes the regional image acquisition of a slice arc. After image acquisition is completed, the position of the agaricus bisporus needing to be picked is determined through machine vision technology identification, the sliding block I16 and the picking device are driven to the required position by the starting motor II 18, and the synchronous belt linear module I17 is driven to rotate at a constant angular speed by the starting motor V28 until the picking device reaches the appropriate position. And then, starting a motor I1 to drive a rack mechanism to operate, stopping the motor I after the agaricus bisporus picked by the fork 12 returns to a horizontal state, keeping the fork 12 horizontal at the moment, stopping at a position suitable for cutting, driving a push-pull type electromagnet 13 by an electric signal to eject a cutter 14, cutting off the stipe of the agaricus bisporus, and finishing the picking and cutting of the single agaricus bisporus. And then picking and cutting two agaricus bisporus, loading the first picked agaricus bisporus forks 12 to the top ends of the chain I6 and the chain II 7, obliquely turning the forks 12, freely dropping the mushroom caps of the agaricus bisporus into the conveying belt 25, conveying the agaricus bisporus into the collecting basket 26 by the conveying device, and repeating the steps until all the agaricus bisporus which meet the picking standard in the area of the system image acquisition are picked completely. The synchronous belt linear module I17, the synchronous belt linear module II 20, the sliding block I16 and the sliding block II 23 return to the initial positions to prepare for next picking operation.