阅读说明：本技术 高温焚烧炉以及相配合的烟气冷却净化塔 (High-temperature incinerator and matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower ) 是由 罗德礼 罗杰 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高温焚烧炉以及相配合的烟气冷却净化塔包括：外部封装用第一炉壳；设置在第一炉壳内部的多层第一炉芯,各层第一炉芯内部均具有第一通槽,以在纵向空间上构建物料输出的第一炉膛；设置在相邻两层第一炉芯之间的多个第一炉排；其中,所述第一炉排上分别具有多个第一通孔,且各层第一通孔的孔径在第一炉膛内的物料输出方向上呈递减状态。本发明提供一种高温焚烧炉以及相配合的烟气冷却净化塔,通过采用纵向分层设置且具有孔径差的炉芯,对待处理的固体废物进行大小分级焚烧处理,同时在处理过程中产生的灰烬也会在焚烧过程中,从通孔中向下分级输出,完成全过程的焚烧处理,有效解决了统一堆放焚烧不彻底的问题,有效控制其处理效率和效果。(The invention discloses a high-temperature incinerator and a matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower, which comprise: a first furnace shell for external packaging; the first furnace core is arranged in the first furnace shell, and a first through groove is formed in each first furnace core so as to construct a first hearth for outputting materials in a longitudinal space; the first grates are arranged between two adjacent layers of the first furnace cores; the first fire grate is provided with a plurality of first through holes respectively, and the aperture of each layer of first through hole is in a decreasing state in the material output direction in the first hearth. The invention provides a high-temperature incinerator and a matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower, wherein a furnace core which is longitudinally arranged in a layered mode and has a poor aperture is adopted, solid waste to be treated is subjected to size-graded incineration treatment, and meanwhile, ash generated in the treatment process is output from through holes in a graded mode in the incineration process, so that the incineration treatment in the whole process is completed, the problem that uniform stacking and incineration are not thorough is effectively solved, and the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect are effectively controlled.)

1. A high-temperature combustor, comprising:

a first furnace shell for external packaging;

the first furnace core is arranged in the first furnace shell, and a first through groove is formed in each first furnace core so as to construct a first hearth for outputting materials in a longitudinal space;

the first grates are arranged between two adjacent layers of the first furnace cores;

the first fire grate is provided with a plurality of first through holes respectively, and the aperture of each layer of first through hole is in a decreasing state in the material output direction in the first hearth.

2. The high temperature incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a first one-way flow control valve communicating with the inside of the first hearth for air supply is provided at a position where the first shell is fitted to the first upper core;

a second one-way flow control valve communicated with the interior of the first hearth for inputting oxygen is arranged at the position where the first furnace shell is matched with the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

a first material feeding flange for feeding is arranged at the position where the first furnace shell is matched with the uppermost layer of the first furnace core, the first material feeding flange is communicated with an external first hopper or first conveying equipment through a matched first spiral particle conveyor, and a matched material level detector is further arranged below the first material feeding flange;

a first flue gas discharge flange matched with the flue gas cooling and purifying tower is arranged at the top end of the first furnace shell;

a plurality of sections of first electric heating mechanisms matched with the first furnace cores and the first grate are arranged in the first furnace shell;

at least one first temperature sensor and at least one oxygen sensor are respectively arranged at corresponding positions in the first furnace shell;

the working temperature of each section of the first furnace is set between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃ through a first electric heating mechanism, and a first heat insulation layer is arranged in the first furnace shell.

3. The high temperature incinerator according to claim 1, wherein each first core, each first grate is configured to be made of SiC or SiN high temperature ceramics to obtain;

the upper end and the lower end of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first spigot used for assembling and limiting the first grate;

the left side surface and the right side surface of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first assembly groove which is matched with each other;

a first air inlet hole for injecting oxygen or air is reserved at a preset position on each first furnace core, a first jack for a corresponding first electric heating mechanism, each first oxygen sensor and a first temperature sensor to penetrate through is reserved at the preset position on each first furnace core, and a first feeding hole matched with the first material feeding flange is reserved at the preset position on each first furnace core;

each first grate is provided with a second jack which can be penetrated by the first electric heating mechanism, the second jacks are configured to be in a vertical layout with the first through holes in space, and the second jacks and the first through holes are in an independent state of being not in contact and not in communication in space.

4. The high temperature incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising:

the first base is connected with the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

the first supporting seat is arranged at the bottom of the first furnace shell and is in a surrounding shape outside the first base;

a first storage interval for collecting the burnt ash is constructed between the inside of the first base and the through groove of the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

the first storage interval is communicated with the outside through the second conveying equipment matched with the first storage interval.

5. A high-temperature combustor, comprising:

a second furnace shell for external packaging;

the multilayer furnace core component is arranged inside the second furnace shell;

a plurality of fire grate components arranged between two adjacent layers of the furnace core components;

each layer of furnace core assembly comprises a plurality of second furnace cores which are clamped, and a second through groove is formed in each second furnace core so that a plurality of second furnace chambers and a plurality of second material output channels matched with the second furnace chambers are formed in the second furnace shell through the layered second furnace cores in the longitudinal space;

each layer of grate assembly is configured to comprise a plurality of second grates matched with the second furnace cores, each second grate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the aperture of each second through hole is in a descending state on the second material output channel.

6. A high-temperature combustor according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of third unidirectional flow control valves communicated with the inside of each second furnace chamber for supplying air to each second furnace chamber are provided at positions where the second furnace casing is fitted to each second furnace core of the upper layer, respectively;

a plurality of fourth one-way flow control valves which are communicated with the inside of each second hearth so as to input oxygen into the inside of each second hearth are respectively arranged at the positions where the second furnace shell is matched with each second furnace core at the lowest layer;

a plurality of second material feeding flanges for feeding are respectively arranged at the positions where the second furnace shell is matched with the second furnace cores on the uppermost layer, and each second material feeding flange is communicated with an external second hopper or second conveying equipment through a second spiral particle conveyor matched with the second material feeding flange;

the top end of each second furnace shell is respectively provided with a second flue gas discharge flange matched with the flue gas cooling and purifying tower;

a plurality of sections of second electric heating mechanisms matched with the second furnace cores of all layers are respectively arranged in the first furnace shell;

at least one second temperature sensor matched with each second hearth is respectively arranged at the corresponding position in the second furnace shell;

the working temperature of each section of the second hearth is set between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃ through a second electric heating mechanism, and a second heat insulation layer is arranged in the second furnace shell;

each second furnace core and each second grate are prepared by SiC or SiN high-temperature ceramics;

the upper end and the lower end of each second furnace core are respectively provided with a second spigot used for assembling and limiting the second fire grate;

the left side surface and the right side surface of each second furnace core are respectively provided with a second assembling groove which is matched with each other;

a second air inlet hole for injecting oxygen or air is reserved at a preset position on each second furnace core, a third jack for a corresponding second electric heating mechanism, each second oxygen sensor and a second temperature sensor to penetrate through is reserved at the preset position on each second furnace core, and a second feeding hole matched with the second material feeding flange is reserved at the preset position on each second furnace core;

and each second grate is provided with a fourth jack through which the second electric heating mechanism can penetrate.

7. The utility model provides a with high temperature incinerator matched with flue gas cooling purification tower which characterized in that includes:

the cooling air duct is internally provided with an inner air duct for purifying and cooling the flue gas;

the multilayer heat assembly is arranged on the cooling air duct and extends into the inner barrel, and each layer of heat conduction assembly comprises a plurality of fin heat conduction pipes;

at least one air cooling component which penetrates through the cooling air cylinder and is communicated with a channel constructed by the cooling air cylinder and the inner air cylinder;

wherein, at least one atomizing nozzle communicated with the water supply unit is respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe matched with each air cooling component.

8. The flue gas cooling and purifying tower of claim 7, wherein the top and the bottom of the inner wind barrel are configured to be in a conical structure so as to communicate with the flue gas discharge port of the high temperature incinerator through a flue gas inlet flange arranged at the top of the inner wind barrel; the height of the cooling air duct is configured to be smaller than that of the inner air duct, and the cooling air duct is arranged at a preset distance from the mounting surface;

the bottom of the inner air duct is provided with a dust collecting bin which is communicated with an external storage device through a matched screw conveyor.

9. The flue gas cooling and purifying tower of claim 7, wherein the bottom of the cooling air duct is provided with an isolation support piece surrounding the inner air duct so as to construct an air exhaust duct at the bottom of the inner air duct, and the air exhaust duct is communicated with the outside through a matched induced draft fan;

at least one air exhaust assembly with a filter mechanism is arranged on the position, matched with the air exhaust cylinder, of the inner air cylinder so as to construct an air exhaust channel between the inner air cylinder and the air exhaust cylinder, and filter holes in the filter assembly are configured to be smaller than 0.2 micrometer;

the outer chamber of the exhaust control assembly is communicated with an external compressed air source through an automatic control valve, and when the exhaust control assembly is opened or closed, the exhaust control assembly and the external compressed air source correspondingly execute closing or opening operation through the automatic control valve so as to perform back flushing on one of the filtering mechanisms.

10. A radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incineration system is characterized by comprising: the high-temperature incinerator and the smoke cooling and purifying tower matched with the high-temperature incinerator are arranged;

wherein, the flue gas discharge outlet of the high-temperature incinerator is communicated with a flue gas cooling and purifying tower through a corresponding conveying pipeline;

the inside of the high-temperature incinerator is communicated with an external air supply device and an external oxygen supply device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, in particular to a high-temperature incinerator and a matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower, wherein the high-temperature incinerator is used for safely and efficiently incinerating combustible radioactive solid wastes such as special radioactive waste graphite and resin which are difficult to incinerate through high-temperature incineration treatment, and reducing the volume of the combustible radioactive solid wastes, and the flue gas cooling and purifying tower is matched with the high-temperature incinerator.

Background

In the field of nuclear energy utilization, the treatment problem of a large amount of combustible radioactive waste graphite and waste resin is often faced. The incineration treatment of radioactive combustible waste is an effective volume reduction treatment method. But it is difficult to completely incinerate some special graphite, waste resin, etc. The main reason is that along with the combustion of graphite particles, the content of combustible graphite in the burned material is reduced, the temperature of the burned graphite is reduced to be lower than the effective burning temperature of the graphite, and the incinerator is flamed out; in addition, as the granular graphite is burnt, the formed fine particles prevent the burning gas in the burning area from flowing, the burning efficiency is reduced, the burning is incomplete, the radioactive waste resin also belongs to waste which is difficult to burn, the thorough burning is difficult, high burning temperature is often needed, and some combustion-supporting additives are needed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop equipment for incinerating radioactive combustible waste, such as special graphite and resin, which is not easy to incinerate. The incinerator in the prior art has a single structure, when incinerated materials are stacked on a grate, small particles or ash can not be removed in time after the upper layer is combusted, the condition of incomplete treatment often occurs, the combustion and treatment effects are affected, and the treatment time is prolonged; meanwhile, the burning time is inconsistent due to different external structures and sizes of the burned materials, so that the treatment time is increased due to unified treatment, and the treatment efficiency is influenced; in addition, the incinerator in the prior art has single size and specification, cannot meet the requirements of different treatment scenes, and increases the equipment cost;

in the actual treatment, the problem of filtering radioactive dust is generated in the process of treating the radioactive solid combustible waste by adopting an incineration mode. The existing radioactive incineration flue gas cooling mainly comprises two types, one is that water is sprayed into radioactive flue gas, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced by evaporation and heat absorption of the water, so that the temperature of the flue gas can be effectively reduced, but a large amount of radioactive waste water is generated in the cooling process of the flue gas and can be discharged after further treatment; the other type is that the traditional cooling water pipe cooling technology is adopted, the heat of high-temperature flue gas is taken away by cooling water to achieve the purpose of cooling, the technology generates radioactive wastewater in a supplementing way, but the cooling efficiency is low, the consumed water amount is large, a water cooling circulating system is required to be matched when necessary, the efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is high.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a high temperature incinerator comprising:

a first furnace shell for external packaging;

the first furnace core is arranged in the first furnace shell, and a first through groove is formed in each first furnace core so as to construct a first hearth for outputting materials in a longitudinal space;

the first grates are arranged between two adjacent layers of the first furnace cores;

the first fire grate is provided with a plurality of first through holes respectively, and the aperture of each layer of first through hole is in a decreasing state in the material output direction in the first hearth.

Preferably, a first one-way flow control valve communicated with the interior of the first hearth for inputting air is arranged at the position where the first furnace shell is matched with the first furnace core at the upper layer;

a second one-way flow control valve communicated with the interior of the first hearth for inputting oxygen is arranged at the position where the first furnace shell is matched with the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

a first material feeding flange for feeding is arranged at the position where the first furnace shell is matched with the uppermost layer of the first furnace core, the first material feeding flange is communicated with an external first hopper or first conveying equipment through a matched first spiral particle conveyor, and a matched material level detector is further arranged below the first material feeding flange;

a first flue gas discharge flange matched with the flue gas cooling and purifying tower is arranged at the top end of the first furnace shell;

a plurality of sections of first electric heating mechanisms matched with the first furnace cores and the first grate are arranged in the first furnace shell;

at least one first temperature sensor and at least one oxygen sensor are respectively arranged at corresponding positions in the first furnace shell;

the working temperature of each section of the first furnace is set between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃ through a first electric heating mechanism, and a first heat insulation layer is arranged in the first furnace shell.

Preferably, each first furnace core and each first furnace grate are configured to be made of SiC or SiN high-temperature ceramics;

the upper end and the lower end of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first spigot used for assembling and limiting the first grate;

the left side surface and the right side surface of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first assembly groove which is matched with each other;

a first air inlet hole for injecting oxygen or air is reserved at a preset position on each first furnace core, a first jack for a corresponding first electric heating mechanism, each first oxygen sensor and a first temperature sensor to penetrate through is reserved at the preset position on each first furnace core, and a first feeding hole matched with the first material feeding flange is reserved at the preset position on each first furnace core;

each first grate is provided with a second jack which can be penetrated by the first electric heating mechanism, the second jacks are configured to be in a vertical layout with the first through holes in space, and the second jacks and the first through holes are in an independent state of being not in contact and not in communication in space.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the first base is connected with the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

the first supporting seat is arranged at the bottom of the first furnace shell and is in a surrounding shape outside the first base;

a first storage interval for collecting the burnt ash is constructed between the inside of the first base and the through groove of the first furnace core at the lowest layer;

the first storage interval is communicated with the outside through the second conveying equipment matched with the first storage interval.

A high temperature incinerator comprising:

a second furnace shell for external packaging;

the multilayer furnace core component is arranged inside the second furnace shell;

a plurality of fire grate components arranged between two adjacent layers of the furnace core components;

each layer of furnace core assembly comprises a plurality of second furnace cores which are clamped, and a second through groove is formed in each second furnace core so that a plurality of second furnace chambers and a plurality of second material output channels matched with the second furnace chambers are formed in the second furnace shell through the layered second furnace cores in the longitudinal space;

each layer of grate assembly is configured to comprise a plurality of second grates matched with the second furnace cores, each second grate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the aperture of each second through hole is in a descending state on the second material output channel.

Preferably, a plurality of third one-way flow control valves which are communicated with the inside of each second hearth and used for inputting air to each second hearth are respectively arranged at the positions where the second furnace shell is matched with each second hearth of the upper layer;

a plurality of fourth one-way flow control valves which are communicated with the inside of each second hearth so as to input oxygen into the inside of each second hearth are respectively arranged at the positions where the second furnace shell is matched with each second furnace core at the lowest layer;

a plurality of second material feeding flanges for feeding are respectively arranged at the positions where the second furnace shell is matched with the second furnace cores on the uppermost layer, and each second material feeding flange is communicated with an external second hopper or second conveying equipment through a second spiral particle conveyor matched with the second material feeding flange;

the top end of each second furnace shell is respectively provided with a second flue gas discharge flange matched with the flue gas cooling and purifying tower;

a plurality of sections of second electric heating mechanisms matched with the second furnace cores of all layers are respectively arranged in the first furnace shell;

at least one second temperature sensor matched with each second hearth is respectively arranged at the corresponding position in the second furnace shell;

the working temperature of each section of the second hearth is set between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃ through a second electric heating mechanism, and a second heat insulation layer is arranged in the second furnace shell;

each second furnace core and each second grate are prepared by SiC or SiN high-temperature ceramics;

the upper end and the lower end of each second furnace core are respectively provided with a second spigot used for assembling and limiting the second fire grate;

the left side surface and the right side surface of each second furnace core are respectively provided with a second assembling groove which is matched with each other;

a second air inlet hole for injecting oxygen or air is reserved at a preset position on each second furnace core, a third jack for a corresponding second electric heating mechanism, each second oxygen sensor and a second temperature sensor to penetrate through is reserved at the preset position on each second furnace core, and a second feeding hole matched with the second material feeding flange is reserved at the preset position on each second furnace core;

and each second grate is provided with a fourth jack through which the second electric heating mechanism can penetrate.

A flue gas cooling and purifying tower matched with a high-temperature incinerator comprises:

the cooling air duct is internally provided with an inner air duct for purifying and cooling the flue gas;

the multilayer heat assembly is arranged on the cooling air duct and extends into the inner barrel, and each layer of heat conduction assembly comprises a plurality of fin heat conduction pipes;

at least one air cooling component which penetrates through the cooling air cylinder and is communicated with a channel constructed by the cooling air cylinder and the inner air cylinder;

wherein, at least one atomizing nozzle communicated with the water supply unit is respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe matched with each air cooling component.

Preferably, the top and the bottom of the inner air duct are both configured to be conical structures so as to be communicated with a flue gas discharge port of the high-temperature incinerator through a flue gas inlet flange arranged at the top of the inner air duct; the height of the cooling air duct is configured to be smaller than that of the inner air duct, and the cooling air duct is arranged at a preset distance from the mounting surface;

the bottom of the inner air duct is provided with a dust collecting bin which is communicated with an external storage device through a matched screw conveyor.

Preferably, the bottom of the cooling air duct is provided with an isolation support piece which surrounds the inner air duct, so that an exhaust duct is constructed at the bottom of the inner air duct and is communicated with the outside through a matched induced draft fan;

at least one air exhaust assembly with a filter mechanism is arranged on the position, matched with the air exhaust cylinder, of the inner air cylinder so as to construct an air exhaust channel between the inner air cylinder and the air exhaust cylinder, and filter holes in the filter assembly are configured to be smaller than 0.2 micrometer;

the outer chamber of the exhaust control assembly is communicated with an external compressed air source through an automatic control valve, and when the exhaust control assembly is opened or closed, the exhaust control assembly and the external compressed air source correspondingly execute closing or opening operation through the automatic control valve so as to perform back flushing on one of the filtering mechanisms.

A radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incineration system comprises a high-temperature incinerator and a flue gas cooling and purifying tower matched with the high-temperature incinerator;

wherein, the flue gas discharge outlet of the high-temperature incinerator is communicated with a flue gas cooling and purifying tower through a corresponding conveying pipeline;

the inside of the high-temperature incinerator is communicated with an external air supply device and an external oxygen supply device.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: firstly, the high-efficiency incinerator is of a single-body structure, the incinerator core which is longitudinally arranged in a layered mode and has a poor aperture is adopted, the solid waste to be treated is subjected to size-graded incineration treatment, meanwhile, ash generated in the treatment process is output from the through holes in a graded mode in the incineration process, the incineration treatment in the whole process is completed, the problem that uniform stacking and incineration are not thorough is effectively solved, and the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect are effectively controlled.

Secondly, the high-temperature incinerator adopts a layered design, so that the fire grate and the furnace core which are high-temperature and corrosion-resistant core components of the incinerator can be manufactured in sections and then integrally assembled; the spigot cooperation of mutually will can guarantee furnace body overall structure's stability when, reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty of furnace body greatly.

Thirdly, the fire grate and the furnace core which are core parts of the high-temperature incinerator are made of high-temperature ceramics, an auxiliary cooling structure is not needed, the service life of the main body of the incinerator is long, special maintenance is not needed, and the maintenance cost is effectively controlled.

Fourthly, the high-temperature incinerator can incinerate the radioactive wastes in a wider temperature range, and is particularly suitable for the incineration of common combustible radioactive wastes when the high-temperature incinerator works in a low-temperature region (below 1000 ℃); when the device works in a middle temperature area (between 1000 and 1200 ℃) and a high temperature area (between 1200 and 1300 ℃), the device is suitable for burning the resin granulation particles which are difficult to burn and added with combustion-supporting combustion agents, and has better adaptability.

Fifth, the electric heating structure for heating in the high-temperature incinerator of the invention, it and fire grate, stove core all adopt the plug-in type design, facilitate the incinerator to maintain, design outside the furnace body as the microwave auxiliary heating equipment of the auxiliary heating, it is convenient to change and maintain.

And the sixth step: the high-temperature incinerator is provided with a plurality of longitudinal hearths (also called incineration channels) for incineration in one incinerator, each incineration channel can be used as an independent incinerator to operate, and the high-temperature incinerator can be combined according to the needs of users so as to adapt to the treatment needs of different yields, and has the advantages that: 1. one incinerator is divided into a plurality of incinerators with smaller incineration capacity, and the incinerators can be started one by one or simultaneously according to the requirement of the incineration material quantity, so that the overall performance of the incinerator is not influenced; 2. The manufacturing cost is lower. The small-sized fire grate and the small-sized furnace core have lower manufacturing cost and the like; 3. the large furnace body has low engineering design cost, can conveniently use a small engineering prototype to carry out enlarged engineering prototype design, and is particularly suitable for the engineering design of a large-scale incinerator.

The fume cooling and purifying tower has the advantages that the fume cooling and purifying tower is structurally designed, so that in the filtering and purifying process, the air entering the inner air duct contains a large number of micro water drops by arranging the matched atomizing nozzles on the air inlet pipe, the large number of micro water drops are formed on the fin heat conduction pipe in a counter-flow mode, high-temperature fume is cooled in an evaporation and heat absorption mode on the fins, the heat conduction efficiency is high, the cooling efficiency is high, the consumed cooling water amount is small, larger dust in the fume can increase particles under the action of convection of water vapor and air and falls into the bottom of the inner air duct, no radioactive wastewater is generated in the whole process, and the influence on the environment is remarkably reduced.

The metal filter with the filtering pore size smaller than the pore size of the filter and smaller than 0.2 micron is adopted in the flue gas cooling and purifying tower, and the dust content in the filtered flue gas is effectively controlled. Compared with the traditional bag filter, the high-temperature resistant and pressure impact resistant performance is better.

The smoke cooling and purifying tower is characterized in that a plurality of air exhaust assemblies for filtering gas are arranged at the bottom of the inner air duct, a back blowing control mechanism is arranged on the filtering mechanism matched with each air exhaust assembly, and back blowing can be performed on different filtering mechanisms at regular time, so that the problems of blockage of the filtering mechanisms and reduction of gas filtering capacity are solved, and the working stability is better.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a high-temperature combustor in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the first grate of FIG. 1 in cooperation with a first electrical heating mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the type (a) core;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the core of type (a);

FIG. 5 is a top view of the type (b) core;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the core of type (b);

FIG. 7 is a top view of the type (c) core;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the type (c) core;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the type (d) core;

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the type (d) core;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional, top plan, side elevation comparative schematic view of three grates (e), (f), and (g);

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the construction of a high-temperature combustor in another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of one of the grates of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas cooling and purifying tower according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of the automatic control valve of FIG. 15 in cooperation with a filter blowback valve assembly;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a high-temperature incineration system in another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements.

Fig. 1 to 10 show an implementation form of a high temperature incinerator according to the present invention, which includes:

a first furnace casing 1 for external packaging;

the structure comprises a plurality of layers of first furnace cores 2 arranged in a first furnace shell, wherein each layer of first furnace core is internally provided with a first through groove 3 so as to construct a first hearth 3a for outputting materials in a longitudinal space;

a plurality of first grates 4 arranged between two adjacent layers of the first hearths, the function of the first grates is to support the burning materials and allow the materials with specified particle size to pass through;

in the structure, according to the specific position of the first fire grate, the fire grate has three configurations (e), (f) and (j), wherein the fire grate is provided with first through hole for the materials to pass through according to the particle size, and the fire grate has the function of supporting the graphite materials with specified size and allowing the burning ash or small-particle-size unburned graphite and burnt ash to pass downwards; the fire grates (e), (f) and (j) have the same shape and size, but the sizes of the holes are different, and the sizes of the first through holes of the fire grates (e), (f) and (j) from top to bottom are respectively 50-60 mm, 10-20 mm and 5-3 mm from the passing path of the material.

In another example, as shown in fig. 1-2, a first one-way flow control valve 6 is provided at a position where the first shell is fitted to the upper first core, and communicates with the inside of the first hearth to supply air, and in this structure, the air inlet flange functions to supply air to the 2# section and the 3# section of the incinerator for burning graphite particles;

in the structure, the first oxygen inlet flange has the function of supplying oxygen to the No. 1 furnace section of the incinerator, specifically, the temperature in the No. 1 furnace section is maintained between 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃ through the introduction of an external heating source and the oxygen, and the residual graphite is combusted;

in the structure, a first material feeding flange 8 for feeding is arranged at a position where the first furnace shell is matched with the first furnace core at the uppermost layer, a matched graphite material level detector 8a is arranged below the first material feeding flange, the first material feeding flange is communicated with an external first hopper or first conveying equipment through a matched first spiral particle conveyor (not shown), and a matched level detector is also arranged below the first material feeding flange;

a first flue gas discharge flange 9 matched with the flue gas cooling and purifying tower is arranged at the top end of the first furnace shell and used for discharging waste gas generated by combustion to the flue gas cooling and purifying tower so as to purify and filter the flue gas and enable the flue gas to meet the discharge requirement;

the first furnace shell is internally provided with a plurality of sections of first electric heating mechanisms 10 matched with the first furnace cores and the first grate in each layer, and in actual work, the electric heating rod mechanisms have the functions of indirectly heating and incinerating materials and incinerating gas oxygen and air by heating the furnace cores and directly heating the first grate to incinerate the materials on the first grate;

at least one first temperature sensor 11 and at least one oxygen sensor 12 are respectively arranged at corresponding positions inside the first furnace shell, and in the structure, the oxygen sensors have the function of extracting oxygen content information in the atmosphere in the No. 2 furnace section and the No. 3 furnace section; the temperature sensors are used for acquiring temperature data in the No. 2 furnace section and the No. 3 furnace section, and each sensor is used for monitoring the internal working state of the incinerator so as to control the air with specified flow supplied to the corresponding furnace section;

in the structure, the interior of one hearth can be divided into at least three furnace sections in the longitudinal direction according to requirements, for example, the three furnace sections are divided from top to bottom, and according to the property of the material to be incinerated, the working temperature of the No. 1 furnace section is between 1100 ℃ and 1200 ℃; the working temperature of the No. 2 furnace section is between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃; the working temperature of the No. 3 furnace section is between 1100 ℃ and 1200 ℃, and the heat insulation layer has the function of heat insulation so as to maintain the temperature of a hearth at the specified incineration temperature, and the working temperature is more than 1500 ℃.

In another example, as shown in fig. 3-11, each first furnace core and each first furnace grate are configured to be made of SiC or SiN high-temperature ceramics, and in this structure, each first furnace core and each first furnace grate are made of high-temperature ceramics, so that the working temperature of the first furnace core can be higher than 2000 ℃, and the working temperature of the second furnace grate can be higher than 2500 ℃;

the upper end and the lower end of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first spigot 14 for assembling and limiting the first furnace grate, the first furnace grate can be arranged between two adjacent first furnace cores through the design of the first spigot, and the position of the first furnace grate is limited, specifically, the upper end and the lower end of each furnace core are provided with first spigots which are matched and arranged with each other, so that the first furnace cores, the first furnace cores and the first furnace grate are matched with each other to complete the assembly;

the left side surface and the right side surface of each first furnace core are respectively provided with a first assembly groove 15 which is matched with the left side surface and the right side surface, and the positions of the first device grooves can be mutually corresponding to the left side surface and the right side surface according to different installation positions and can also be mutually matched so as to be matched with different installation structures, so that a plurality of first furnace cores and the side wall of the first furnace shell, and the first furnace cores are assembled;

the preset positions on each first furnace core are reserved with a first air inlet A16 and a first air inlet B17 which can be used for injecting oxygen or air, the functions of the first air inlet A16 and the first air inlet B17 are respectively used for providing incineration gas air and oxygen for the incineration chamber, and preventing dust-containing gas in the incinerator from diffusing through the two input ports and reserving a first jack A18, a first jack B19 and a first jack C20 which can be used for corresponding first electric heating mechanisms, each first oxygen sensor and a first temperature sensor to penetrate through and a first feeding hole 21 matched with a first material feeding flange, in the structure, the furnace core and each equipment part are designed in a split structure through arranging the matched air inlet, jack and feeding hole, so that later maintenance and assembly and disassembly during part replacement are facilitated, and meanwhile, the maintenance cost is saved;

each first grate is provided with a second jack 22 through which the first electric heating mechanism can penetrate, and materials are heated by the electric heating rods inserted into the second jacks, in the structure, the second jacks are spatially vertical to first through holes used for conveying the materials on the grates, the second jacks are arranged between two adjacent rows of first through holes at intervals on a plane, and the first through holes and the second jacks are configured to be in an independent state of non-contact and non-communication in space, so that the first electric heating mechanism can be drawn out at any time to be replaced as required, and in the processing process, the materials cannot pollute the first electric heating machine.

As shown in fig. 1, in another example, the method further includes:

a first pedestal 23 connected to the first core of the lowermost layer;

the first supporting seat 24 is arranged at the bottom of the first furnace shell and is in a surrounding shape outside the first base and used for supporting the furnace shell;

a first storage interval (also called as burning ash collection bin) 25 for collecting the burnt ash is constructed between the inside of the first base and the through groove of the first furnace core at the lowest layer, and the first storage interval is used for having a larger interval and a larger height in space so as to quantitatively store the ash and facilitate the later periodic recovery;

first storage interval is through matched with second conveying equipment (also known as spiral incineration ash conveying system) (not shown) and outside intercommunication, the function that storehouse, spiral incineration ash conveying system were collected to the incineration ash is collected to the incineration ash to regularly carry it to pack the station and carry out seal packing, and first base when concrete operation, first stove outer covering, the first incineration ash of first fume emission flange collect the storehouse etc. and all adopt high strength high temperature resistant steel to make.

Example 1:

the invention discloses a radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incinerator which comprises a base, furnace cores arranged on the base, a fire grate arranged between the two furnace cores, a furnace shell connected with the base in a welding mode into a whole, a heat insulation material layer filled between the furnace cores and the furnace shell, a temperature measurement sensor arranged on the furnace shell and communicated with the furnace cores and the heat insulation material layer, a graphite material feeding flange arranged on the furnace shell and communicated with the furnace cores and the heat insulation material layer, and a spiral material conveyor connected with the graphite material feeding flange; the furnace comprises a furnace shell, a smoke discharge flange, a material level detector, a plurality of air inlet one-way valves, an oxygen sensor and an electric heating rod, wherein the smoke discharge flange is arranged on the furnace shell; the device comprises an oxygen input one-way valve, a furnace body bottom supporting seat, a combustion ash collecting bin, a spiral combustion ash conveying system and an ash discharging grate, wherein the oxygen input one-way valve is arranged on a furnace shell and communicated with a furnace core and a heat insulation material layer, the furnace body bottom supporting seat is connected with the furnace shell, the combustion ash collecting bin is connected with the furnace body bottom supporting seat through a connecting flange, the spiral combustion ash conveying system is hermetically connected with the combustion ash collecting bin, and the ash discharging grate is arranged at the lower part of the combustion ash collecting bin.

The air inlet one-way valve is connected with the incineration air supply system, and the oxygen input one-way valve is connected with the oxygen supply system.

The invention relates to a radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incinerator which mainly comprises a bottom supporting seat, an incinerator core, a grate, an incinerator shell, a heat insulation material layer, a temperature measurement sensor, a graphite material feeding flange, a spiral material conveyor, a smoke discharge flange, an air inlet one-way valve, an electric heating rod, an oxygen input one-way valve, a combustion ash collecting bin, a spiral combustion ash conveying system, a graphite material level detector and an ash discharge grate.

The base is used for supporting the whole furnace body, the grate is used for supporting and incinerating materials and allowing the materials with specified particle sizes to pass through, and meanwhile, the materials are heated by the electric heating rods inserted into the grate; the temperature measuring sensor is used for extracting temperature data in the incinerator in real time; the air inlet one-way valve and the oxygen input one-way valve are used for respectively providing incineration gas air and oxygen for the incineration chamber and preventing dust-containing gas in the incineration chamber from diffusing through the two input ports; the electric heating rod has the function of indirectly heating the incineration materials, the incineration gas air and the oxygen through heating the fire grate to promote the temperature incineration of the graphite materials; the burning ash collecting bin, the spiral burning ash conveying system and the ash discharging grate have the functions of collecting burning ash and conveying the burning ash to a packaging station for sealed packaging at regular intervals. The base, the furnace shell, the flue gas discharge flange, the combustion ash collecting bin and the like are all made of high-strength high-temperature-resistant steel.

The function of the furnace core is to construct a graphite combustion chamber. The furnace core is a high-temperature ceramic component fired by a pressed blank body.

The invention relates to a high-temperature incinerator, which is characterized in that:

firstly, oxygen content in the incinerator is measured, and the flow rate of oxygen and air input into the incinerator is fed back and controlled by a one-way flow control valve, so that oxygen-controlled incineration of the incinerator is realized, and the remarkable advantage of the oxygen-controlled incineration is that accidental release of radioactive substances caused by dust deflagration possibly existing is avoided;

secondly, the position information of the incineration materials in the incinerator is automatically measured through an incinerator material level measuring mechanism, so that the material conveying quantity of a material conveying system is automatically fed back and controlled;

the short-life components needing to be maintained and replaced, such as the heating component, adopt a plug-in structure arranged outside the furnace body, and realize the high reliable sealing performance of the incinerator system through a static sealing structure, and the maintainability is good;

and fourthly, the incineration temperature of the incinerator is controllable, and the incinerator is suitable for incineration of difficultly incinerated wastes such as colloid-containing graphite, resin and the like.

Referring to fig. 12 to 14, a high temperature combustor includes:

a second furnace casing 26 for external packaging;

a multi-layer core assembly 27 disposed inside the second shell;

a plurality of grate assemblies 28 disposed between adjacent layers of the wick assembly;

each layer of furnace core assembly comprises a plurality of second furnace cores 29 which are clamped, and a second through groove 30 is formed in each second furnace core so as to construct a plurality of second hearths 31 and a plurality of second material output channels matched with the second hearths in the second furnace shell through the layered second furnace cores in the longitudinal space;

each layer of grate assembly is configured to include a plurality of second grates 32 matched with the second furnace cores, each second grate is provided with a plurality of second through holes 33, the aperture of each layer of second through hole is in a descending state on the second material output channel, in the structure, the incineration system shares one second furnace shell, a plurality of second furnace cores which are layered in the longitudinal direction and matched with the second grates form a second hearth, the plurality of single second hearths can be connected in a clamping mode through the clamping connection of the second furnace cores, an integrated incineration system is formed, the requirements of different occasions and different yields are met, the number of the single furnace cores can be adjusted according to the requirements, and the better adaptability is achieved.

In practical operation, the high temperature incinerator of the present invention is installed in a procedure comprising the following steps:

firstly, a base is arranged on a flat foundation, and then an ash burning screw conveyor is connected with the base into a whole through a connecting flange of an ash burning collecting bin arranged on the base;

secondly, 4 (a) type furnace cores are firstly installed on the base according to the section of the figure (A-A) and the specified positions, and a groove-shaped rabbet between the two (a) type furnace cores is installed.

And thirdly, 1 (j) type fire grate (3) is respectively arranged in each (a) type furnace core.

Installing 1 (b) type furnace cores on the (a) type furnace cores respectively according to the second step.

Fifthly, installing 1 (f) type fire grate (3) on the (b) type furnace core according to the third step.

Sixthly, other fire grates and the furnace core are sequentially installed according to the method.

And seventhly, installing and welding the furnace shell, and welding other accessories on the furnace shell.

The high-temperature incinerator of the scheme shares one furnace shell, and other components are independently arranged according to requirements, so that a plurality of incineration channels are arranged in one incinerator, each incineration channel can be used as an independent incinerator, namely, an incineration system is divided into a plurality of incinerators with smaller incineration capacity, one incinerator can be started or started simultaneously according to the requirement of incineration material quantity, the overall performance of the incinerator is not influenced, and better adaptability is achieved; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is lower due to the fact that the small-sized fire grate and the furnace core are lower in manufacturing cost and the like; in addition, the engineering design cost of the large furnace body is low, and the small engineering prototype can be conveniently used for the enlarged engineering prototype design, so that the large furnace body is particularly suitable for the engineering design of the large incinerator.

The high-temperature incinerator for radioactive combustible waste has the advantages that: the fire grate and the furnace core which are used as high-temperature and corrosion-resistant core components of the incinerator are manufactured in sections and then integrally assembled. The spigot cooperation of mutually will can guarantee furnace body overall structure's stability when, reduce the manufacturing degree of difficulty of furnace body greatly.

The high-temperature incinerator for radioactive combustible waste has the advantages that: the fire grate and the furnace core which are core parts are made of high-temperature ceramics, an auxiliary cooling structure is not needed, the service life of the incinerator body is long, and special maintenance is not needed; the high-temperature incinerator for radioactive combustible waste has the advantages that: the incineration of radioactive wastes can be carried out in a wider temperature range, and the incineration of the radioactive wastes is practical for the incineration of common combustible radioactive wastes when the incinerator works in a low-temperature region (below 1000 ℃); when the device works in a middle temperature area (between 1000 and 1200 ℃) and a high temperature area (between 1200 and 1300 ℃), the device is suitable for burning the resin granulation particles which are difficult to burn and are added with combustion-supporting combustion agents.

The invention relates to a radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incinerator, which is characterized in that: a electrical heating rod for burning furnace material heating has adopted the plug-in type design, directly pegs graft through the interface that sets up in the stove outer part of covering, conveniently burns burning furnace maintenance.

The invention relates to a radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incinerator, which is characterized in that: a graphite material level detector is arranged in a feeding area of the incinerator, and a screw material conveyor is controlled through material level signal feedback (so that the material conveying automation is realized.

The high-temperature incinerator for radioactive combustible waste has the advantages that: the oxygen sensor has the function of extracting oxygen content information in the atmosphere in the No. 2 furnace section and the No. 3 furnace section, and is used for controlling the input of air and oxygen into the incinerator through the oxygen content information so as to realize the stable incineration of graphite; the temperature sensor (36) has the functions of collecting temperature data in the No. 2 furnace section and the No. 3 furnace section, and the input power of the electric heating rod is controlled through temperature information feedback, so that the automatic control of the temperature in the incinerator is realized.

The invention relates to a radioactive combustible waste high-temperature incinerator, which is characterized in that: the air and oxygen input check valves are arranged to prevent the radioactive dust-containing gas in the incinerator from flowing reversely, so that the radioactive substances are diffused uncontrollably.

The incinerator body adopts a welding connection mode, and other connection structures, such as a plug-in structure of an electric heating rod, a spiral material conveyor, the spiral material conveyor and various sensors, adopt static seal structures with good seal reliability, so that the incinerator body easily meets the requirement of a 5 x 10 of a box body for radioactive material operation^-5Pa.m³.s^-1The leak rate of (c).

Referring to fig. 16, a flue gas cooling and purifying tower for cooperating with a high temperature incinerator comprises:

a cooling air duct 34 in which an inner air duct 35 for purifying and cooling the flue gas is provided;

the multilayer heat conducting assembly is arranged on the cooling air duct and extends into the inner barrel, each layer of heat conducting assembly comprises a plurality of fin heat conducting pipes 36, and the fin heat conducting pipes have the function of guiding out high-temperature flue gas heat;

at least one air cooling assembly 37 penetrating through the cooling air duct and communicating with the passage formed by the cooling air duct and the inner air duct, and configured to include a fan 38 and an air inlet pipe 39 which are engaged with each other, so as to ensure the cooling effect by inputting cooling air into the inner air duct;

wherein, at least one atomizer 40 communicated with the water supply unit is respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe matched with each air cooling component, the atomizer has the function of mixing liquid water drops into the air inlet channel of the fan in a spraying mode to form a mixture of air and atomized water drops, and further, the liquid water sprayed by the atomizer is evaporated on the heat dissipation surface of the fin heat conduction pipe to rapidly lead out heat;

the invention relates to a smoke cooling and purifying tower, which is suitable for rapidly cooling high-temperature incineration smoke at 900-1000 ℃, the exhaust temperature is lower than 100 ℃, and is particularly suitable for filtering dust-containing radioactive gas, in the practical work, the smoke entering the tower from top to bottom is firstly subjected to heat conduction treatment by a channel fin heat conduction pipe, the temperature of the smoke is reduced, in the process, the heat conducted to the fin heat conduction pipe is outwards led out through an air cooling or water cooling system communicated with the inside of a cooling air duct so as to ensure the working state of the fin heat conduction pipe, meanwhile, the air entering through an air fan in an air cooling assembly is conveyed by an air inlet pipe, the air fed by the air cooling assembly contains a large amount of atomized water drops under the action of an atomizing spray head, the formed mixture is fed into an inner air duct, and the air horizontally fed with the mixture and the smoke entering downwards interact in the inner air duct through convection, the air with the mixture is attached to the fin heat-conducting pipes, the liquid water on the fin heat-conducting pipes is further evaporated by the heat on the surfaces of the fin heat-conducting pipes to carry out secondary cooling on the heat of the fin heat-conducting pipes, the working stability of the fin heat-conducting pipes is further ensured, meanwhile, the air entering the inner air cylinder can be attached to dust with larger particle size in the process of acting with flue gas, a plurality of dust with large particle size is integrated under the convection effect, the particle size is further increased, the air falls into the bottom of the inner air cylinder under the continuous action of the flue gas and the gravity, the purification and heat dissipation effects are completed, the separated dust with large particle size is accumulated in a dust collecting bin at the bottom of the inner air cylinder in the continuous treatment process, the dust is conveyed out at regular intervals under the action of a spiral conveyor to be packaged, and a matched filter is arranged at the position of an air exhaust mechanism at the lower part of the inner air cylinder in the operation, the air after being cooled and purified is subjected to secondary filtering treatment, so that the discharged air meets the requirements, and meanwhile, compressed air provided by external equipment is periodically blown to the position where the filtering mechanism is located, namely, dust accumulated on the other side of the filter is removed by periodically blowing back the filtering mechanism, the gas filtering function of the filter is maintained, and the filtering effect of the filter is ensured.

In another example, as shown in fig. 16, the top and the bottom of the inner wind barrel are both configured to be in a conical structure so as to communicate with the flue gas discharge port of the high temperature incinerator through a flue gas inlet flange 41 arranged at the top of the inner wind barrel; the height of the cooling air duct is configured to be smaller than that of the inner air duct, and the cooling air duct is arranged at a preset distance from the mounting surface;

the height of the cooling air duct is configured to be smaller than that of the inner air duct, and the cooling air duct is arranged at a preset distance from the mounting surface;

interior air duct bottom is provided with dust collection bin 42, and then communicates with external storage equipment through matched with screw conveyer (not shown), and dust collection bin and screw conveyer's function is collected the dust and regularly carries out the processing of packing, and in actual operation, the base, the partition plate, flue gas cooling and purification section of thick bamboo, the fin heat pipe, atomizer, the air inlet flange, the cooling dryer, dust filter subassembly etc. all adopt corrosion-resistant high temperature steel to make.

In another example, as shown in fig. 16-17, the bottom of the cooling air duct is provided with an isolation support 43 enclosing the inner air duct, in practical operation, the isolation support may be composed of a second base 44 and a partition plate 45, which are matched with each other, the second base functions to support the flue gas cooling and dust removing purification tower, the partition plate functions to separate the flue gas cooling and purification duct and the cooling air duct into two independent spaces which are isolated from each other and do not affect each other, so as to construct an air exhaust duct 46 at the bottom of the inner air duct, and the air exhaust duct is communicated with the outside through a matched induced draft fan 47;

at least one air exhaust component 49 with a filter mechanism 48 (also called a filter) is arranged on the inner air duct at the position matched with the air exhaust duct to construct an air exhaust channel between the inner air duct and the air exhaust duct, the filter holes on the filter component are configured to be less than 0.2 micron, the function is to filter dust larger than 0.2 micron in the flue gas, and the filter is a metal or ceramic filter and is connected with the flue gas cooling and purifying drum through a metal frame. The number of the gas filters arranged on a single flue gas cooling and dust removing purification tower is between 4 and 20, and depends on the flow rate of the filtered gas;

the outer chamber of the exhaust control assembly is communicated with an external compressed air source through an automatic control valve 50, and when the exhaust control assembly is opened or closed, the exhaust control assembly and the external compressed air source correspondingly execute closing or opening operation through the automatic control valve so as to perform back flushing on one of the filter mechanisms through a filter back flushing valve assembly 50 a; the automatic control valve (also called compressed air automatic control valve) is used for automatically opening and closing the blowback air pressure provided by the blowing pipeline at fixed time within 0.4-0.6 MPa;

the compressed air provided by the external equipment is blown to the position where the filter mechanism is located, namely, the dust accumulated on the other side of the filter is removed by regularly blowing the filter mechanism back, and the gas filtering function of the filter is maintained.

The invention relates to a flue gas cooling, purifying and dedusting tower of a radioactive waste incinerator, wherein the flue gas cooling, purifying and dedusting process method comprises the following steps:

water spraying: spraying water mist into an exhaust channel of the fan through a water spray nozzle;

pre-cooling: starting the fan to make the air containing atomized water drops flow from bottom to top in the interlayer space formed by the flue gas cooling and purifying cylinder and the outer cylinder, and cooling the flue gas in the inner flue gas cooling and purifying cylinder by the evaporation of the water drops in the flowing air on the fin heat-conducting pipe.

Purifying and cooling the flue gas: and starting the induced draft fan to discharge the high-temperature flue gas through the flue gas inlet flange, the gas filter and the induced draft fan. The temperature of the flue gas at the outlet is controlled by automatically controlling the water flow sprayed by the water spray header and the air quantity of the induced draft fan.

Fourthly, automatically discharging ash: and after the dust collecting bin is full, starting the spiral conveyor, and automatically conveying the dust to a dust packaging station through the spiral conveyor.

Cleaning and maintaining the gas filter assembly: and cleaning and maintaining the gas filter assembly by adopting a gas back flushing method. The filter blowback valve component is provided with two working states of opening and closing. When the filter back-flushing valve component is in an 'on' state, smoke enters from the smoke inlet flange, is filtered and dedusted by the gas filter and then is discharged from the induced draft fan; when the filter blowback valve component is in a closed state, compressed air is blown through the compressed air automatic control valve, the gas filter is blowback, dust accumulated on the other surface of the gas filter is removed, the high-efficiency filtering function of the gas filter is recovered, and the pressure of blowback air is between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa. The dust-containing gas after back flushing is led to the rest gas filter components arranged on the flue gas cooling and purifying cylinder, and is discharged from the induced draft fan after being filtered. The filter back-blowing valve component and the compressed air automatic control valve are automatically controlled by programs, and the regular back-blowing is carried out on different filters according to the process requirements.

The invention relates to a radioactive waste incineration flue gas cooling and dust removal purification tower which is characterized in that air containing a large number of tiny water drops is adopted to cool high-temperature flue gas in a countercurrent mode through an evaporation and heat absorption mode of the tiny water drops on fins with large surface areas, the heat conduction efficiency is high, the cooling efficiency is high, and the consumed cooling water amount is small. No radioactive waste water is produced.

The invention relates to a cooling and dust-removing purification tower for radioactive waste incineration flue gas, which is characterized in that a metal filter with a filter pore size smaller than that of the filter and smaller than 3 microns is adopted, and the dust content in the filtered flue gas is effectively controlled. Compared with the traditional bag filter, the high-temperature resistant and pressure impact resistant performance is better.

The invention relates to a radioactive waste incineration flue gas cooling and dust removal purification tower which is characterized in that a plurality of gas filters are arranged at the same time, and each filter is provided with a back flushing valve. The reverse blowing can be carried out on different filters at regular time, so that the problems of filter blockage and gas filtering capacity reduction are solved.

The radioactive waste incineration flue gas cooling and dedusting purification tower is characterized in that the whole purification tower is of a metal welding structure and is connected with other systems through a connecting flange, and the sealing performance easily meets the containment requirement of radioactive substances.

The radioactive waste incineration flue gas cooling and dust removal purification tower is characterized in that an evaporation and heat absorption cooling mode of water is adopted, cooling water quantity needed by cooling flue gas is greatly reduced, radioactive wastewater is generated, and cooling efficiency is improved by a counter-current cooling mode.

The invention has simple structure, feasible principle, mature manufacturing process and good cost performance. The main operation process of the facility, the back flushing and the dust conveying of the filter are easy to realize automation, the labor intensity is low, and the irradiation risk of workers is small.

The flue gas cooling and purifying tower is used for the technology of the flue gas cooling and dust removing purifying tower of the radioactive waste incinerator, can simultaneously solve the problems of efficient cooling, purification and dust removal and regular automatic maintenance of the flue gas of the radioactive waste incinerator, and further effectively solves the problem of low cooling efficiency of the traditional circulating cooling water.

The invention discloses a high-temperature incinerator and a matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower. The high-temperature combustor includes: a furnace shell; the furnace is arranged in the furnace shell, and a plurality of hearths are arranged in parallel and are constructed by the furnace core, the fire grate and the electric heating component; and the heat insulation material is arranged between the furnace shell and the hearth. A first grate, a second grate and a third grate are arranged between an upper furnace core and a lower furnace core of each hearth, a plurality of through holes are respectively arranged on the grates, and the aperture of each layer of through holes is gradually reduced from the first grate to the third grate; electrical heating assemblies in the first, second and third grates inserted inwardly through the furnace shell; a material conveying channel communicated with the furnace shell is formed at the upper part of each hearth; the furnace shell is provided with an air access one-way valve which is respectively communicated with the hearths between the second grate and the third grate, and the furnace shell is provided with an oxygen access one-way valve which is communicated with the lower hearths of the first grate. Through adopting vertical layering setting and having the poor wick in aperture, carry out the size classification incineration processing to the solid combustible waste who treats the processing, the ashes of burning production also can follow the through-hole and export down in grades simultaneously, accomplish the incineration processing of overall process, effectively solved and unified stack the not thorough problem of burning, effective control its treatment effeciency and effect.

The flue gas cooling and purifying tower comprises a base, a purified gas exhaust barrel and a partition plate which are arranged on the base, a flue gas cooling and purifying barrel connected with the partition plate, and a fin heat-conducting pipe and an air inlet flange which are arranged on a purified gas barrel body; the cooling air duct is arranged on the partition plate, and the atomizing spray head is arranged on the cooling air duct; the fan is connected with the cooling air duct; the dust filter component is arranged on the purified air cylinder body, and the filter back-blowing valve component, the compressed air automatic control valve and the induced draft fan are arranged on the purified air exhaust cylinder. A dust storage bin arranged at the lower part of the flue gas cooling and purifying cylinder and a dust screw conveyor connected with the dust storage bin.

Referring to fig. 17, a high temperature incineration system for radioactive combustible waste, a high temperature incinerator 51 and a flue gas cooling purification tower 52 matching with the high temperature incinerator;

wherein, the flue gas discharge outlet of the high-temperature incinerator is communicated with a flue gas cooling and purifying tower through a corresponding conveying pipeline;

the inside of the high temperature incinerator is communicated with an external air supply device 53 and an external oxygen supply device 54.

The invention provides a flue gas cooling and dedusting purification tower of a radioactive waste incinerator, which is provided for solving the limitations and problems in the traditional radioactive flue gas treatment technology. In order to solve the problem of low cooling efficiency of the traditional circulating cooling water, the invention provides a flue gas cooling and dust removing purification tower technology of a radioactive waste incinerator, and simultaneously solves the problems of efficient cooling, dust removing purification and regular automatic maintenance of the flue gas of the radioactive waste incinerator. The flue gas cooling and dedusting purification tower for the radioactive waste incineration furnace is suitable for quickly cooling high-temperature incineration flue gas at the temperature of 900-1000 ℃, and the exhaust temperature of the tower is lower than 100 ℃; the invention is suitable for filtering treatment of dust-containing radioactive gas, and the aperture of the filter is less than 3 microns.

The above scheme is merely illustrative of a preferred example, and is not limiting. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.

The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.