阅读说明：本技术 一种主轴位移式攻丝工装及攻丝方法 (Main shaft displacement type tapping tool and tapping method ) 是由 王长峰 刘红涛 姜雪冬 陈强 陈宗玉 陈阳 郭士新 张宏 赵睿 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种主轴位移式攻丝工装及攻丝方法,包括丝杠接头、上盖、下盖、传动齿轮、丝锥接头、磁扣和丝锥,丝杠接头通过本身的键凸结构穿过上盖,与齿轮连接,齿轮通过相互啮合进行齿轮传动,丝锥接头本身的键凸结构穿过下盖与齿轮进行连接,丝锥底部加工有凹槽,强力磁扣可以镶嵌在凹槽内,丝锥夹持端借助磁扣的磁力作用,可以实现快速装卸,且能够保证丝锥的同轴度及稳定性。本发明不但能够解决受限空间内进行攻丝,而且通过双丝杠接头的设计,可以实现手持丝杠不改变旋向的情况下加工出右旋或左旋螺纹。符合操作者加工习惯,拆装便捷,易操作。(The invention provides a main shaft displacement type tapping tool and a tapping method, which comprise a screw rod joint, an upper cover, a lower cover, a transmission gear, a screw tap joint, a magnetic buckle and a screw tap, wherein the screw rod joint penetrates through the upper cover through a key convex structure per se and is connected with the gear, the gear performs gear transmission through mutual meshing, the key convex structure per se of the screw tap joint penetrates through the lower cover and is connected with the gear, a groove is processed at the bottom of the screw tap, a powerful magnetic buckle can be embedded in the groove, and the screw tap clamping end can realize quick assembly and disassembly by virtue of the magnetic action of the magnetic buckle and can ensure the coaxiality and stability of the screw tap. The invention not only can realize tapping in a limited space, but also can realize that right-handed or left-handed threads are processed by holding the screw rod without changing the screwing direction through the design of the double-screw rod joint. Accords with the processing habit of operators, is convenient to disassemble and assemble and is easy to operate.)

1. A main shaft displacement type tapping tool is characterized by comprising a first lead screw joint (1), a second lead screw joint (2), an upper cover (3), a lower cover (4), a first transmission gear (5), a second transmission gear (6), a third transmission gear (7), N intermediate transmission gears (N is a natural number), a screw tap joint (8) and a screw tap (10), wherein the second transmission gear (6), the third transmission gear (7), the N intermediate transmission gears and the first transmission gear (5) are sequentially meshed to form a transmission gear set and are packaged in a shell structure formed by the upper cover (3) and the lower cover (4);

cylindrical shafts are respectively processed at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint (1) and the second screw rod joint (2), key convex structures are radially processed in the middle of the cylindrical shafts, the cylindrical shafts at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint (1) and the second screw rod joint (2) respectively penetrate through the preformed holes of the upper cover (3) and then enter the key groove holes of the second transmission gear (6) and the third transmission gear (7) and penetrate out of the preformed holes of the lower cover (4), and the key convex structures are matched with the key groove holes of the gears and drive the transmission gears to rotate through the rotation of the screw rod joints;

a cylindrical shaft is machined at the top of the screw tap joint (8), a key convex structure is radially machined in the middle of the cylindrical shaft, and the cylindrical shaft at the top of the screw tap joint (8) penetrates through a reserved hole of the lower cover (4), enters a key groove hole of the first transmission gear (5) and penetrates out of the reserved hole of the upper cover (3); the bottom of the tap joint (8) is provided with a polygonal groove (81) which is matched with a holding handle at the head of the tap (10) and transmits torque; the key convex structure of the screw tap joint (8) is matched with the gear key groove hole, and the screw tap joint (8) is driven to rotate through the rotation of the gear, so that the screw tap (10) is driven to tap;

the overall height formed by assembling the tap joint (8) and the tap (10) with the upper cover (3) and the lower cover (4) is less than the height of a tapping space of the threaded hole in the part (100) to be machined.

2. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein N intermediate transmission gears are arranged between the third transmission gear (7) and the first transmission gear (5), and the number of N is as follows: after the tapping tool is assembled with a part to be machined, the first screw rod connector (1) and the second screw rod connector (2) are arranged outside a tapping space of a threaded hole of the part to be machined (100).

3. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein the first lead screw joint (1) and the second lead screw joint (2) comprise a prism structure and a cylindrical shaft with a key convex structure at the bottom of the prism.

4. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein the tap joint (8) comprises a cylindrical structure and a cylindrical shaft with a key convex structure at the top of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure is a cylindrical structure or a prismatic structure, and a polygonal groove matched with the head of the tap (10) is machined at the bottom of the cylindrical structure.

5. The spindle displacement tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein the tap joint (8) is made of a magnetic metal material.

6. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 5, wherein a strong magnetic button (9) is embedded in a groove of the tap joint (8).

7. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein the upper cover (3) comprises M hole features, M is larger than or equal to 3, and comprises 1 circular through hole I (31) and the rest M-1 key convex holes I (32), the circular through hole I (31) allows a cylindrical shaft of the tap joint (8) to pass through and prevents the key convex structures from passing through, and the key convex holes I (32) allow the key convex structures of the first lead screw joint (1) and the second lead screw joint (2) to pass through.

8. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 7, wherein the number N of transmission gears arranged between the third transmission gear (7) and the first transmission gear (5) is 0, and M is 3; the number N of intermediate transmission gears arranged between the third transmission gear (7) and the first transmission gear (5) is not 0, and no corresponding hole is formed above the intermediate transmission gears, so that M is 3; the number of the intermediate transmission gears arranged between the third transmission gear (7) and the first transmission gear (5) is N which is not 0, and at least one intermediate gear is provided with a corresponding hole, so that M is less than or equal to 3+ N.

9. The main shaft displacement type tapping tool according to claim 1, wherein the lower cover (4) comprises M hole features, M is larger than or equal to 3, the M hole features comprise key convex holes II (42) corresponding to the circular through holes I (31) up and down, and circular through holes II (41) corresponding to the key convex holes I (32) up and down, the key convex holes II (42) allow the key convex structures of the screw tap joint (8) to pass through, and the circular through holes II (41) allow the cylindrical shafts of the first screw lead joint (1) and the second screw lead joint (2) to pass through and prevent the key convex structures from passing through.

10. A spindle displacement tapping method using the spindle displacement tapping apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

placing a part (100) to be machined on a workbench, determining the number of transmission gears of the tool according to the distance between a threaded hole (101) and an adjacent end surface, and ensuring that a rotating main shaft of a first lead screw joint (1) and a rotating main shaft of a first lead screw joint (2) are positioned outside a threaded hole tapping space of the part (100) to be machined; the first screw rod joint (1) is connected with a screw rod; the lower end of the screw tap (10) is arranged at the bottom hole of the threaded hole (101), and the upper cover (3) or the lower cover (4) is held by hand to assist the tapping tool in righting; when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is an even number, right-handed threads are machined through a right rotary screw rod joint (1); the second screw rod joint (2) is connected with a screw rod, and left-handed threads are machined through the right-handed second screw rod joint (2); when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is odd, the left-handed threads are processed through the right-handed rotation of the first screw rod joint (1); right-hand threads are machined through right hand rotation of the second lead screw joint (2);

after the machining is finished, the machined right-handed threads are withdrawn through the left-handed first lead screw joint (1); and (3) withdrawing the processed left-handed thread through the left-handed second screw joint (2), and taking down the part (100) to be processed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a main shaft displacement type tapping tool and a tapping method.

Background

When the threaded hole is machined, the situation that the lead screw cannot be placed in the limited space due to limited space often exists, and normal manual tapping cannot be performed is caused, as shown in fig. 8. In the part to be machined 100 shown in fig. 8, it is necessary to machine 6 threaded blind holes 101M 5 deep by 10, while ensuring: the coaxiality of the thread and the thread bottom hole is 0.01 mm; the perpendicularity of the thread and the surface where the thread is located is 0.01 mm.

When normal manual tapping, utilize the rotatory screw tap that drives of lead screw, directly carry out the screw hole processing and can accomplish. However, in the case of the screw tapping using the present component 100 as an example, since the vertical space height is smaller than the overall height of the tap and the lead screw, the screw hole 101 cannot be normally machined by the tap and the lead screw. A tapping tool is urgently needed to be designed so that the threaded hole can be easily subjected to thread machining

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention has conducted intensive research, and provides a spindle displacement type tapping tool and a tapping method, which can quickly realize thread machining of a threaded hole in a narrow space and are high in machining precision.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, the main shaft displacement type tapping tool comprises a first screw rod joint, a second screw rod joint, an upper cover, a lower cover, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a third transmission gear, N intermediate transmission gears (N is a natural number), a screw tap joint and a screw tap, wherein the second transmission gear, the third transmission gear, the N intermediate transmission gears and the first transmission gear are sequentially meshed to form a transmission gear set and are packaged in a shell structure formed by the upper cover and the lower cover;

cylindrical shafts are respectively processed at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint and the second screw rod joint, key convex structures are radially processed in the middle of the cylindrical shafts, the cylindrical shafts at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint and the second screw rod joint respectively penetrate through the preformed holes of the upper cover and then enter the key slot holes of the second transmission gear and the third transmission gear and penetrate out of the preformed holes of the lower cover, and the key convex structures are matched with the key slot holes of the gears and drive the transmission gears to rotate through the rotation of the screw rod joints;

the top of the screw tap joint is provided with a cylindrical shaft, the middle part of the cylindrical shaft is radially provided with a key convex structure, and the cylindrical shaft at the top of the screw tap joint penetrates through a reserved hole of the lower cover, enters a key slot hole of the first transmission gear and penetrates out of the reserved hole of the upper cover; the bottom of the screw tap joint is provided with a polygonal groove which is matched with a holding handle at the head of the screw tap and used for transmitting torque; the key convex structure of the screw tap joint is matched with the key groove hole of the gear, and the screw tap joint is driven to rotate through the rotation of the gear so as to drive the screw tap to tap;

the tap joint, the tap and the upper cover and the lower cover are assembled to form an overall height which is less than the height of a tapping space of the threaded hole in the part to be processed.

In a second aspect, a spindle displacement tapping method includes the steps of:

placing a part to be machined on a workbench, determining the number of transmission gears of the tool according to the distance between a threaded hole and an adjacent end face, and ensuring that a first lead screw joint and a rotating main shaft of the first lead screw joint are positioned outside a threaded hole tapping space of the part to be machined; the first screw rod joint is connected with a screw rod; the lower end of the screw tap is arranged at the bottom hole of the threaded hole, and the upper cover or the lower cover is held by hand to assist the tapping tool to be in a correct position; when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is an even number, right-handed threads are machined through a right-handed screw rod joint; the second screw rod joint is connected with the screw rod, and left-handed threads are processed through the right-handed second screw rod joint; when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is odd, the left-handed threads are processed through the right-handed rotation of the first screw rod joint; right-hand threads are machined through right hand rotation of the second lead screw joint;

after the machining is finished, the machined right-handed threads are withdrawn through the left-handed first lead screw joint; the part to be processed can be taken down by withdrawing the processed left-handed thread through the left-handed second lead screw joint

The main shaft displacement type tapping tool and the tapping method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

the invention generates torque transmission by mutual meshing of the transmission gears; the main shaft which can rotate the lead screw is arranged outside the processed part by connecting the lead screw joint with the transmission gear; the screw tap joint is connected with the transmission gear, so that the displacement change of the main shaft is realized, and the problem that the thread cannot be machined due to limited machining space is effectively solved. And through the design of odd number of transmission gears, the left-handed thread can be processed at the input end by adopting the positive rotation operation. Greatly facilitates the manual operation and processing and improves the processing efficiency and precision.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a spindle displacement tapping tool fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transmission gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a screw joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tap joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-strength magnetic buckle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a part to be machined in an example of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1-a first lead screw joint; 2-a second lead screw joint; 3-covering the cover; 31-circular through hole I; 32-key lug I; 4-lower cover; 41-circular through hole II; 42-key lug II; 5-a first transmission gear; 51-a key-slot hole; 52-gear teeth; 6-a second transmission gear; 7-a third transmission gear; 8-tap joints; 81-groove; 9-magnetic buckle; 10-tap; 100-part; 101-a threaded hole; .

Detailed Description

The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a spindle displacement type tapping tool is provided, which includes a first screw joint 1, a second screw joint 2, an upper cover 3, a lower cover 4, a first transmission gear 5, a second transmission gear 6, a third transmission gear 7, N intermediate transmission gears (N is a natural number), a tap joint 8 and a tap 10, wherein the second transmission gear 6, the third transmission gear 7, the N intermediate transmission gears and the first transmission gear 5 are sequentially engaged to form a transmission gear set, and are packaged in a housing structure formed by the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 4;

cylindrical shafts are respectively processed at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint 1 and the second screw rod joint 2, key convex structures are radially processed in the middle of the cylindrical shafts, the cylindrical shafts at the bottoms of the first screw rod joint 1 and the second screw rod joint 2 respectively penetrate through the reserved holes of the upper cover 3 and then enter the key groove holes of the second transmission gear 6 and the third transmission gear 7, the cylindrical shafts penetrate through the reserved holes of the lower cover 4, the key convex structures are matched with the key groove holes of the gears, and the transmission gears are driven to rotate through the rotation of the screw rod joints;

the top of the screw tap joint 8 is provided with a cylindrical shaft, the middle part of the cylindrical shaft is radially provided with a key convex structure, and the cylindrical shaft at the top of the screw tap joint 8 passes through the reserved hole of the lower cover 4, enters the key slot hole of the first transmission gear 5 and passes through the reserved hole of the upper cover 3; a polygonal groove 81 is formed at the bottom of the tap joint 8, and is matched with a holding handle at the head of the tap 10 to transmit torque (see fig. 4); the key convex structure of the screw tap joint 8 is matched with the key groove hole of the gear, and the screw tap joint 8 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the gear, so that the screw tap 10 is driven to tap;

the tap adapter 8 and the tap 10 are assembled with the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 4 to form an overall height which is less than the height of a tapped hole tapping space in the part 100 to be machined.

The formed main shaft displacement type tapping tool is arranged by adopting a double-lead screw joint, and when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is an even number (including 0), right-handed threads are machined through the right-handed rotation of the first lead screw joint 1; a left-handed thread is processed through right rotation of the second lead screw joint 2; when the number N of the intermediate transmission gears is odd, the left-handed threads are processed through the right-handed rotation of the first screw rod joint 1; right-hand threads are machined through right hand rotation of the second lead screw joint 2; the problem of thread precision processing inadequately brought by the left-handed screw rod joint is avoided.

Of course, in consideration of the operation habit of the operator, if the operator is a left-handed user, the number of the screw joints may be one, and left-handed threads or right-handed threads may be correspondingly formed by left-handed threads and right-handed threads of the single screw joint 1.

In the thread tapping process, considering that the height of the vertical space of the part 100 to be processed is less than the total height of the screw tap and the screw rod, the number of the transmission gears needs to meet the following requirements: so that the first lead screw joint 1 and the second lead screw joint 2 are disposed outside the tapped hole space of the part 100 to be processed. Therefore, if the number of the transmission gears is small, the requirement that the first screw rod joint 1 and the second screw rod joint 2 are arranged outside the tapping space of the threaded hole of the part 100 to be processed cannot be met, and the problem that the number of the transmission gears needs to be increased is solved.

For this purpose, N intermediate transmission gears are installed between the third transmission gear 7 and the first transmission gear 5. As shown in FIG. 2, all the transmission gears comprise a key slot hole 51 and gear teeth 52, and the number of gear teeth between adjacent transmission gears is prime.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first screw joint 1 and the second screw joint 2 comprise a prism structure and a cylindrical shaft with a key convex structure at the bottom of the prism. The prism structure can be a quadrangular prism or a hexagonal prism and can be matched with a common screw rod for quick connection.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the tap joint 8 comprises a cylindrical structure and a cylindrical shaft with a key protrusion structure at the top of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure can be a cylindrical structure or a prismatic structure, and a polygonal groove matched with the head of the tap 10 is processed at the bottom.

Further, the tap joint 8 is made of a magnetic metal material.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, a magnetic button 9 is embedded in a groove of the tap joint 8. The magnetic button 9 is embedded into the groove 81 of the tap joint 8, so that the tap 10 can be quickly assembled and disassembled. The magnetic force of the magnetic button 9 is enough to ensure that the tap 10 is not detached.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper cover 3 comprises M hole features, M is more than or equal to 3, and comprises 1 circular through hole I31 and the rest M-1 key convex hole I32, wherein the circular through hole I31 allows the cylindrical shaft of the screw tap joint 8 to pass through and prevents the key convex structure from passing through, and the key convex hole I32 allows the key convex structures of the first screw lead joint 1 and the second screw lead joint 2 to pass through. If the number N of the transmission gears installed between the third transmission gear 7 and the first transmission gear 5 is 0, M is 3; if the number of the intermediate transmission gears arranged between the third transmission gear 7 and the first transmission gear 5 is N and is not 0, and no corresponding hole is arranged above the intermediate gear, M is 3; if the number of the intermediate transmission gears arranged between the third transmission gear 7 and the first transmission gear 5 is N which is not 0 and the upper part of at least one intermediate gear is correspondingly provided with a hole characteristic, M is less than or equal to 3+ N.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the lower cover 4 comprises M hole features, wherein M is more than or equal to 3, and comprises a key convex hole II 42 corresponding to the upper part and the lower part of the circular through hole I31 and a circular through hole II 41 corresponding to the upper part and the lower part of the key convex hole I32, the key convex hole II 42 allows the key convex structure of the screw tap joint 8 to pass through, and the circular through hole II 41 allows the cylindrical shafts of the first screw joint 1 and the second screw joint 2 to pass through and prevents the key convex structure from passing through.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spindle displacement tapping method comprising the steps of:

charging: placing a part 100 to be machined on a workbench, determining the number of transmission gears of the tool according to the distance between a threaded hole 101 and an adjacent end face, and ensuring that rotating main shafts of a first lead screw joint 1 and a first lead screw joint 2 are positioned outside a threaded hole tapping space of the part 100 to be machined; the first screw rod joint 1 is connected with a screw rod; the lower end of the screw tap 10 is arranged at the bottom hole of the threaded hole 101, and the upper cover 3 or the lower cover 4 is held by hand to assist the tapping tool to be in a correct position; processing right-handed threads through a right rotary screw rod joint 1; the second screw rod connector 2 is connected with a screw rod, and left-handed threads are processed through the right-handed second screw rod connector 2.

Unloading: after the machining is finished, the machined right-handed threads are withdrawn through the left-handed first lead screw joint 1; and the processed left-handed thread is withdrawn through the left-handed second screw joint 2. The part 100 to be machined can be removed.

In summary, the main shaft displacement type tapping tool fixture disclosed by the invention mainly utilizes the principles of gear torque transmission and main shaft displacement, combines the structural characteristics of parts with limited processing space of threaded holes, and utilizes the main shaft displacement type tapping tool fixture to realize the rapid processing of right-handed threads and left-handed threads, thereby ensuring the thread precision of workpieces to be processed. The perpendicularity of the thread of the tool clamp and the reference surface reaches 0.01mm, the coaxiality of the thread and the thread bottom hole reaches 0.01mm, and the problem that tapping cannot be performed due to limited machining space is solved. Meanwhile, the main shaft displacement type tapping tool fixture is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and suitable for popularization and application.

The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.