阅读说明：本技术 一种污泥催化燃烧处理系统 (Sludge catalytic combustion processing system ) 是由 卿梦磊 王乐乐 雷嗣远 杨晓宁 姚燕 马云龙 孔凡海 刘鹏 刘晓敏 鲍强 王凯 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种污泥催化燃烧处理系统,包括污泥机械脱水装置、流化床焚烧炉、省煤器、换热器、控制阀和布袋除尘器,污泥机械脱水装置与污泥储料仓连接,且污泥机械脱水装置通过刮板机与流化床焚烧炉连接；流化床焚烧炉中设有催化剂区；流化床焚烧炉的烟气出口与省煤器连接,省煤器又与换热器连接；控制阀外接空气供给管路,控制阀又与换热器以及空气加热器连接；换热器的空气出口以及空气加热器的空气出口通过一汇合管路与流化床焚烧炉连接；换热器的烟气出口与布袋除尘器连接。该系统可以明显降低反应温度,且对污泥的脱水要求低,可以降低污泥处理成本,且该系统还可以对污泥燃烧后的烟气进行有效处理,并对污泥热值进行有效利用。(The invention discloses a catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge, which comprises a mechanical sludge dewatering device, a fluidized bed incinerator, an economizer, a heat exchanger, a control valve and a bag-type dust remover, wherein the mechanical sludge dewatering device is connected with a sludge storage bin and is connected with the fluidized bed incinerator through a scraper; a catalyst area is arranged in the fluidized bed incinerator; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed incinerator is connected with an economizer which is connected with a heat exchanger; the control valve is externally connected with an air supply pipeline and is connected with the heat exchanger and the air heater; the air outlet of the heat exchanger and the air outlet of the air heater are connected with the fluidized bed incinerator through a converging pipeline; the smoke outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the bag-type dust collector. The system can obviously reduce the reaction temperature, has low requirement on the dehydration of the sludge, can reduce the sludge treatment cost, and can also effectively treat the flue gas after the sludge is combusted and effectively utilize the heat value of the sludge.)

1. A sludge catalytic combustion processing system is characterized in that: the system comprises a mechanical sludge dewatering device, a fluidized bed incinerator, an economizer, a heat exchanger, a control valve and a bag-type dust remover, wherein the mechanical sludge dewatering device is connected with a sludge storage bin, and the outlet of the mechanical sludge dewatering device is connected with the fluidized bed incinerator through a scraper machine; the fluidized bed incinerator is provided with a catalyst area, and a catalyst is arranged in the catalyst area; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed incinerator is connected with the coal economizer, and the coal economizer is connected with the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger; the control valve is externally connected with an air supply pipeline, the control valve is connected with a first input pipeline and a second input pipeline, the first input pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger, and the second input pipeline is connected with an air heater; the air outlet of the heat exchanger and the air outlet of the air heater are connected with the air inlet of the fluidized bed incinerator through a converging pipeline; the smoke outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the bag-type dust collector.

2. The catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the fluidized bed incinerator is also connected with an auxiliary fuel bin.

3. The catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the mechanical sludge dewatering device is a plate-and-frame filter press.

4. The catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the bag-type dust collector is connected with a washing tower, and the washing tower is connected with a chimney.

5. The catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the scraper is a Z-shaped scraper.

6. The catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the fluidized bed incinerator is 700-750 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sludge incineration, in particular to a catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge.

Background

Along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the urban sewage treatment capacity is increased year by year, and the sludge yield is also increased sharply. Sewage sludge is a heterogeneous body composed of microorganisms and metabolites thereof, harmful organic matters and minerals, which contains many substances having toxicity and carcinogenicity. Organic substances are also present in the sludge, and the organic substances can also be used as an intermediate energy source raw material for supplying heat or producing fuels such as synthesis gas, biomass and the like.

2016, the plan of national urban sewage treatment and recycling facility construction proposes to greatly promote the disposal of sludge for harmlessness, stabilization and reduction, and the disposal rate of the harmlessness treatment of municipal sludge in the grade city and above reaches 90 percent. At present, the sludge treatment method mainly comprises land utilization, landfill and incineration treatment. Because the sludge contains metal toxicants and a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, the sludge can cause chronic poisoning of people, animals and plants when being used for land utilization; landfill disposal has been used in many places, but on the one hand, because of shortage of land resources and increase of environmental pressure, and on the other hand, if the sludge is not treated in a standard manner during landfill, secondary pollution problems are likely to be caused, for example, landfill sludge may cause pollution of soil and underground water, so that the landfill method is less used nowadays. The burning method can carbonize organic matters, kill pathogens under the high-temperature condition and realize the volume reduction of sludge.

Harmless incineration treatment is one of the currently effective treatment methods; with the development of sludge treatment technology, the harmless incineration treatment can combine environmental management and energy revolution, and the heat value of the sludge is utilized to generate electricity, thereby realizing the resource utilization of solid wastes. In the conventional incinerator, since the combustion process needs to be under a high temperature condition (temperature higher than 850 ℃), the combustion process must provide additional auxiliary fuel to maintain the temperature of the incinerator; in addition, the moisture content of the burnt sludge is usually controlled to be 55-65% in the drying stage, and the process needs to consume a large amount of heat energy, and the investment cost of required equipment and the like is too high. Furthermore, the traditional incinerator has low utilization rate of the heat value of the sludge.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a sludge catalytic combustion treatment system; the system can obviously reduce the reaction temperature, has low requirement on the dehydration of the sludge, can reduce the sludge treatment cost, and can also effectively treat the flue gas after the sludge is combusted and effectively utilize the heat value of the sludge.

In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge comprises a mechanical sludge dewatering device, a fluidized bed incinerator, an economizer, a heat exchanger, a control valve and a bag-type dust remover, wherein the mechanical sludge dewatering device is connected with a sludge storage bin, and an outlet of the mechanical sludge dewatering device is connected with the fluidized bed incinerator through a scraper; the fluidized bed incinerator is provided with a catalyst area, and a catalyst is arranged in the catalyst area; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed incinerator is connected with the coal economizer, and the coal economizer is connected with the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger; the control valve is externally connected with an air supply pipeline, the control valve is connected with a first input pipeline and a second input pipeline, the first input pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger, and the second input pipeline is connected with an air heater; the air outlet of the heat exchanger and the air outlet of the air heater are connected with the air inlet of the fluidized bed incinerator through a converging pipeline; the smoke outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the bag-type dust collector.

Furthermore, the fluidized bed incinerator is also connected with an auxiliary fuel bin.

Further, the mechanical sludge dewatering device is a plate-and-frame filter press.

Furthermore, the bag-type dust collector is connected with a washing tower, and the washing tower is connected with a chimney.

Further, the scraper is a Z-shaped scraper.

Further, the temperature of the fluidized bed incinerator is 700-750 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the fluidized bed incinerator adopted by the invention is provided with a catalyst area, and the catalyst area is internally provided with a catalyst, so that sludge is subjected to catalytic combustion under the catalytic action of the catalyst; the catalytic combustion process can reduce the reaction temperature, only needs 700 ℃ and 750 ℃, so that an extra large amount of auxiliary fuel is not needed to maintain the higher temperature of the incinerator, the equipment cost (reducing the equipment size, reducing the metal consumption and the like) and the combustion cost can be reduced, and the generation of pollutants such as NOx and the like can be reduced. In addition, the combustion process of the fluidized bed incinerator only requires that the moisture content of the sludge is controlled to be 70-85%, the drying and dehydration requirements on the sludge are low, so that a large amount of heat energy is not required to be consumed for drying the sludge, and the cost is reduced;

the coal economizer in the system is connected with the fluidized bed incinerator, and can utilize the heat of the flue gas generated after the sludge is combusted to generate electricity, so that the utilization of solid waste resources is realized; wherein the control valve is connected with the air heater and the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger can heat air by utilizing the heat of flue gas generated after sludge combustion, the air heater can also heat air, and the heated air is supplied to the fluidized bed incinerator so as to enable the sludge to carry out combustion reaction at a certain reaction temperature; the control valve can control the proportion of the air quantity heated by the air heater and the heat exchanger, so that the air quantity entering the fluidized bed incinerator can always ensure that the catalyst is kept in a fluidized state.

The system is also provided with a bag type dust collector and a washing tower so as to carry out dust removal and washing treatment on the flue gas after catalytic combustion of the sludge, and the treated flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sludge catalytic combustion treatment system according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of a catalytic combustion treatment system for sludge comprises a mechanical sludge dewatering device 1, a fluidized bed incinerator 4, an economizer 8, a heat exchanger 9, a control valve 5 and a bag-type dust collector 10, wherein the mechanical sludge dewatering device 2 is connected with a sludge storage bin 1, and the outlet of the mechanical sludge dewatering device 2 is connected with the fluidized bed incinerator 4 through a scraper 3; the fluidized bed incinerator 4 is provided with a catalyst area 41, a catalyst is arranged in the catalyst area, and the catalyst is loaded high-strength spherical CuO-Fe₂O₃-ZrO₂/Al₂O₃(ii) a The flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed incinerator 4 is connected with the coal economizer 8, and the coal economizer 8 is connected with the heat exchanger 9The flue gas inlet is connected; the control valve 5 is externally connected with an air supply pipeline, the control valve 5 is connected with a first input pipeline 13 and a second input pipeline 14, the first input pipeline 13 is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger 9, and the second input pipeline 14 is connected with an air heater 6; the air outlet of the heat exchanger 9 and the air outlet of the air heater 6 are connected with the air inlet of the fluidized bed incinerator 4 through a confluence pipeline 15; the smoke outlet of the heat exchanger 9 is connected with a bag-type dust collector 10.

The fluidized bed incinerator 4 is also connected with an auxiliary fuel bin 7; the temperature of the fluidized bed incinerator 4 is 700-750 ℃.

In the embodiment, the mechanical sludge dewatering device 2 is a plate-and-frame filter press; besides, the mechanical sludge dewatering device 2 may be a centrifugal separator, a belt filter press, or the like.

Wherein the bag-type dust collector 10 is connected with a washing tower 11, and the washing tower 11 is connected with a chimney 12; the scrubber 11 is filled with a sodium hydroxide solution.

Wherein the scraper machine 3 is a Z-shaped scraper machine; compared with a common conveyor, the Z-shaped scraper conveyor has large conveying capacity and closed whole process, and avoids the discharge of the foul gas of the sludge.

The working process of the system is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps that sludge is conveyed to a sludge storage bin 1 from a sewage treatment plant and then enters a mechanical sludge dewatering device 2 for drying treatment, and the moisture content of the dried sludge is 70-75%; the dried sludge is directly transported to a fluidized bed incinerator 4 through a scraper conveyor 3; the dried sludge is subjected to catalytic combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator 4; in the catalytic combustion process, fuel is oxidized on the surface of a catalyst without generating flame; the temperature of the fluidized bed incinerator 4 is 700-750 ℃; the temperature should not be too high, and the high temperature can cause the catalyst to be sintered and reduce the reaction performance. The air introduced into the fluidized bed incinerator 4 comes from the air heated by the air heater 6 when the system is started; and the air heater 6 is operated only when the system is started; after the system is normally operated, the air heater 6 may be stopped. When the fluidized bed incinerator is in initial operation, adding a certain amount of auxiliary fuel, such as lignite, into the incinerator; in the subsequent combustion operation process, no additional auxiliary fuel is needed to be provided, and the catalytic combustion process can be self-heated to maintain operation through the heat value generated by sludge combustion. During combustion, the stoichiometric ratio of air to fuel (sludge) is 1: 2.

the flue gas after the catalytic combustion of the sludge enters an economizer 8 and exchanges heat with the feed water, and the temperature of the feed water is 75 ℃; then the flue gas enters a heat exchanger 9 to exchange heat with air. The air after heat exchange is converged with the air heated by the air heater 6 and enters the fluidized bed incinerator 4; the control valve 5 can control the ratio of the amount of air entering the heat exchanger 9 through the first input line 13 to the amount of air entering the air heater 6 through the second input line 14. When the system is in formal operation, the air in the fluidized bed incinerator 4 can only come from the air heated by the heat exchanger; in addition, the total amount of air introduced into the fluidized-bed combustor 4 during the catalytic combustion process is required to maintain the catalyst in a fluidized state.

When the water content of the sludge is too high, namely the heat value of the sludge is reduced and is not enough to meet the temperature of the incinerator, fuel, such as lignite or biomass with higher heat value, can be added through the auxiliary fuel bin 7.

The flue gas (the temperature is about 180 ℃) after heat exchange by the heat exchanger 9 enters a bag-type dust remover 10 for dust removal treatment; after the ash is removed, the flue gas enters a washing tower 11, NaOH in the washing tower 11 reacts with acidic gases such as SOx, HCl and HF in the flue gas, and finally the flue gas is discharged through a chimney 12.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.