阅读说明：本技术 一种松材线虫疫木无害化木片制备方法及其装置 (Pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chip preparation method and device ) 是由 邓侃 余养伦 王双永 冀瑶惠 周海宾 邓昊 张亚慧 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种松材线虫疫木无害化木片制备方法及其装置,属于木材加工技术领域。针对松材线虫疫木,提出了疫木整树刨片技术方案,通过水平口强制进料鼓式削片机,将疫木的树干、枝丫材和松针叶刨切成木片和疫木碎末；然后通过摇晃筛分机分选,将疫木碎末作为自主研制的锅炉燃料,利用其产生热蒸汽对疫木木片进行消杀；并可通过设备和工艺调整,制备满足纤维板、刨花板、纸浆造纸和园林绿化铺地材料4种用途的无害化木片,以满足不同地区对疫木利用的需求,实现疫木的多口径利用,从而提高疫木就地处理的可行性,为松材线虫疫木的处理和利用提供系统的解决方案。(The invention discloses a method and a device for preparing harmless wood chips for pine wood nematode infected wood, and belongs to the technical field of wood processing. Aiming at the pine wood nematode epidemic trees, the technical scheme of the whole tree slicing of the epidemic trees is provided, and a trunk, branch wood and pine needle leaf of the epidemic trees are sliced into wood chips and wood chips through a horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper; then sorting by a shaking sieving machine, taking the wood powder as boiler fuel which is independently developed, and utilizing the hot steam generated by the wood powder to kill the wood chips; and can prepare harmless wood chips meeting 4 purposes of fiber boards, shaving boards, paper pulp papermaking and landscaping paving materials by adjusting equipment and processes so as to meet the requirements of different areas on the utilization of epidemic trees and realize the multi-aperture utilization of the epidemic trees, thereby improving the feasibility of the on-site treatment of the epidemic trees and providing a systematic solution for the treatment and utilization of the pine wood nematode epidemic trees.)

1. A preparation method of harmless wood chips for pine wood nematode infected wood is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of log felling, log shaving, wood chip sorting, wood chip killing and wood chip drying:

(1) logging on epidemic trees: felling the epidemic wood suffered from the pine wood nematode in the epidemic area, and conveying the felled epidemic wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles to a centralized treatment place;

(2) wood slicing: feeding the epidemic wood into a chipper according to the growth direction of the tree, and slicing the trunk, branches and needles of the epidemic wood into wood chips and powder of the epidemic wood under the action of the chipper;

(3) sorting wood chips: separating the wood chips and the wood powder by a shaking sieving machine to obtain wood chips with the particle size of more than or equal to 2-5mm and wood powder with the particle size of less than 2-5 mm;

(4) wood chip killing: conveying the wood powder to the boiler through a closed pipeline for combustion; conveying the wood chips into a pressure tank through a closed pipeline, and performing sterilization treatment on the wood chips by using hot steam generated by a boiler;

(5) drying the wood chips: drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 8-30%.

2. The method for preparing wood chips for harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode epidemic trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), the pressure tank sterilizing process comprises the following steps: the killing time is 30-90min, the killing temperature is 100-145 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa.

3. The method for preparing wood chips for harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode epidemic trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the wood epidemic pieces are used for the shaving board, and the particle size of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 40 mm;

or the wood epidemic pieces are used for the fiberboard, and the grain diameter of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 25 mm;

or the wood pulp chips are used for paper making, and the particle size of the wood pulp chips is less than or equal to 50 mm;

or the wood epidemic pieces are used as the paving materials for landscaping and landscaping, and the grain diameter of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 10 mm.

4. The method for preparing wood chips for harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode epidemic trees according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: between the step (1) and the step (2), the method also comprises the following steps: the diameter of the stump felling part of the trunk is divided into four grades I: the diameter of the felling position of the root of the trunk is more than 30 cm; grade II: the diameter of the felling position at the root of the trunk is 20-30 cm; grade III: the diameter of the felling position at the root of the trunk is 10-20 cm; grade IV: the diameter of the felling part at the root of the trunk is less than 10 cm.

5. The apparatus for producing harmless wood chips for wood with nematode infestation of pine wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the forced feeding drum type chipping machine comprises a boiler, a horizontal opening forced feeding drum type chipping machine, a shaking screening machine, a pressure tank and a plurality of pipelines, wherein the chipping machine is connected with the shaking screening machine through a closed pipeline, the shaking screening machine is connected with the boiler and the pressure tank through the closed pipeline, and the boiler is connected with the pressure tank through a pressure steam pipe.

6. The device for preparing harmless wood chips for the pine wood nematode infected wood according to claim 5, wherein: the preparation device for the pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chips is in a pulling type or self-propelled type, and the pulling type is arranged on a trailer frame pulled by a tractor or an automobile; the self-propelled type is directly arranged on a frame of the truck.

7. The apparatus for producing harmless wood chips for wood blight of pine wood nematode according to claim 5, wherein: the horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper comprises a machine base, a shell, a feeding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a screen, a branch identification system, a branch pressing device and a discharging mechanism.

8. The apparatus for producing harmless wood chips for wood blight of pine wood nematode according to claim 5, wherein: the pressure tank comprises a support, a circular tank body, a feeding device, a stirring mechanism, an air inlet, an air outlet, a safety device and a discharging device.

9. The apparatus for producing harmless wood chips for wood blight of pine wood nematode according to claim 5, wherein: the shaking screening machine comprises a supporting seat, a screening box, a shaking device, a controller, a driving motor, a feeding hole, a wood chip discharging device and a wood epidemic powder discharging device.

10. The apparatus for producing harmless wood chips for wood blight of pine wood nematode according to claim 5, wherein: the boiler comprises a hearth, a combustion device, an air inlet, a feeding hole and a heat absorption device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wood processing, in particular to a method and a device for preparing harmless wood chips for pine wood nematode infected wood.

Background

The bursaphelenchus xylophilus is also called pine wilt disease, is a destructive insect pest, is rapidly diffused and spread since 1982 when being introduced into China, and is diffused to 18 provinces and 726 county-level administrative districts in China by the end of 2020, 5479 rural epidemic spots, Liangshan mountain state in Sichuan province, northwest Liaoning province, the area reaches 2714 mu, and the number of dead trees reaches 1947 ten thousand. The total area of pine forest in China is about 9 hundred million mu, and the prevention of pine nematode disease becomes a difficult problem for the development of forestry in China and is also an important task in the current forest and grass work.

The wood and branch of pine wood nematode disease, and packaging box and cable wire coil which are directly made from untreated wood are important ways for the pine wood nematode to spread, therefore, strengthening the management of wood and affected area is the key for preventing the artificial spread of epidemic situation, and is highly valued by the ministry of the state and local government. 1/27 days 2014, the national forestry administration prints 'pine wood nematode disease districts and wood management methods' with forest establishment No. 2014 10. The method is divided into general rules, epidemic area management, epidemic wood harvesting management, epidemic wood safety utilization management, related responsibilities and the attached rules of 6 chapters and 28, and the method and the technical requirements for the safety utilization of the epidemic wood are specified to be executed according to the technical specification for pine wood nematode disease wood processing (GB/T23477) and the pine wood packaging material processing and management (GB/T20427) in the pine wood nematode disease occurrence area.

At present, the wood treatment mainly comprises crushing (CN210675340U), burning (CN210772213U), bagging and fumigating (CN213307025U), a steel wire net cover (CN112476650A), fiber hot air high-temperature sterilization (CN110879006A), and various sterilization methods (CN113021546A) such as log vacuum, ultrasonic wave, heating, pressurizing, high-pressure pulse, ultrasonic wave and the like. The treatment has the problems of incomplete disinfection and killing, high cost, complex treatment process, reutilization of treated epidemic wood and the like.

Wood chips are intermediate products of artificial boards, paper pulp and surface-covering wood materials, and are widely used in the production of fiber boards, particle boards, paper making and landscaping. The pine wood nematode infected wood is processed into harmless wood chips, can be used for fiber boards, shaving boards, papermaking and landscaping, can effectively solve the problem of pine wood nematode propagation, and can greatly relieve the problem of wood resource shortage in China.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a device for preparing harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode infected wood.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

on one hand, the invention provides a method and a device for preparing harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode infected wood, which comprises the steps of wood felling, wood shaving, wood chip sorting, wood chip killing and wood chip drying:

(1) logging on epidemic trees: felling the epidemic wood suffered from the pine wood nematode in the epidemic area, and conveying the felled epidemic wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles to a centralized treatment place;

(2) wood slicing: feeding the epidemic wood into a chipper according to the growth direction of the tree, and slicing the trunk, branches and needles of the epidemic wood into wood chips and powder of the epidemic wood under the action of the chipper;

(3) sorting wood chips: separating the wood chips and the wood powder by a shaking sieving machine to obtain wood chips with the particle size of more than or equal to 2-5mm and wood powder with the particle size of less than 2-5 mm;

(4) wood chip killing: conveying the wood powder to the boiler through a closed pipeline for combustion; conveying the wood chips into a pressure tank through a closed pipeline, and performing sterilization treatment on the wood chips by using hot steam generated by a boiler;

(5) drying the wood chips: drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 8-30%.

Preferably, in the step (3), the pressure tank sterilization process is as follows: the killing time is 30-90min, the killing temperature is 100-145 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa.

Furthermore, in the step (2), the wood epidemic pieces are used for the shaving board, and the grain diameter of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 40 mm;

or the wood epidemic pieces are used for the fiberboard, and the grain diameter of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 25 mm;

or the wood pulp chips are used for paper making, and the particle size of the wood pulp chips is less than or equal to 50 mm;

or the wood epidemic pieces are used as the paving materials for landscaping and landscaping, and the grain diameter of the wood epidemic pieces is less than or equal to 10 mm.

Preferably, between the step (1) and the step (2), the method further comprises the steps of planting trees and the like: the diameter of the stump felling part of the trunk is divided into four grades I: the diameter of the felling position of the root of the trunk is more than 30 cm; grade II: the diameter of the felling position at the root of the trunk is 20-30 cm; grade III: the diameter of the felling position at the root of the trunk is 10-20 cm; grade IV: the diameter of the felling part at the root of the trunk is less than 10 cm.

On the other hand, the invention provides a preparation device of the pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chips, which comprises a boiler, a horizontal port forced feeding drum type chipping machine, a shaking screening machine, a pressure tank and a plurality of pipelines, wherein the chipping machine is connected with the shaking screening machine through a closed pipeline, the shaking screening machine is connected with the boiler and the pressure tank through closed pipelines, and the boiler is connected with the pressure tank through a pressure steam pipe.

Further, the pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chip preparation device is in a pulling type or a self-propelled type, and the pulling type is arranged on a trailer frame drawn by a tractor or an automobile; the self-propelled type is directly arranged on a frame of the truck.

Furthermore, the horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper comprises a machine base, a shell, a feeding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a screen, a branch identification system, a branch pressing device and a discharging mechanism.

Preferably, the cutting mechanism comprises a motor, a belt pulley, a flywheel, a cutter drum, a fly cutter and a bed cutter, the motor is connected with the cutter drum through a V-belt and the belt pulley, the fly cutter is uniformly distributed and fixed on the cutter drum through a pressing block, the flywheel is fixed at the shaft end of the cutter drum, the bed cutter is fixed on a base, the feeding mechanism is positioned at the right side of the cutting mechanism and comprises an upper conveying assembly, a lower conveying assembly and a feeding protective cover, the upper conveying assembly and the lower conveying assembly consist of 1-4 pairs of licker-in rollers, and the trunk, branches and pine needles of the epidemic wood are arranged between the upper conveying assembly and the lower conveying assembly and are conveyed into the cutting mechanism through the licker-in rollers for chipping; the branch identification system comprises a high-speed camera, a signal acquisition device and a processor; the branch pressing device consists of four blades which can be stretched and contracted along the radial direction; when the machine works, the motor drives the cutter drum provided with four fly cutters to rotate through the V-belt and the belt pulley, the flywheel is used as an energy storage unit to ensure that the cutter drum continuously outputs large and constant rotational inertia, the fly cutters and the bed cutters form a shearing mechanism, and when a trunk, branches and pine needles of a epidemic wood are fed by the feeding mechanism, the trunk, branches and pine needles are sheared into wood chips and crumbles; when the branch recognition system detects the branch of the epidemic trees, the branch pressing device is started, and the branch is pressed and rotated by the blades which can be extended and contracted along the radial direction, so that the trunk, the branch and the pine needle leaves of the epidemic trees synchronously enter the cutting mechanism for effective cutting; the screen is fixed on the inner side of the shell through a bracket, the wood chips and the crumbs with smaller sizes are output through the screen holes, and the wood chips with larger sizes are cut again until the wood chips can be output through the screen holes.

Furthermore, the boiler comprises a hearth, a combustion device, an air inlet, a feeding hole and a heat absorption device. The combustion device is positioned below the hearth and comprises an ignition unit and a furnace screen; a heat absorption device is arranged above the hearth and comprises a water drum, a flue gas channel, a heat exchange tube and a header pipe, wherein the water drum is connected with a water source, and the heat exchange tube is connected with the pressure tank through the header pipe;

preferably, the hearth is in an inverted cone shape, the flue gas channel is in a U shape, the upper end and the lower end of the flue gas channel are respectively communicated with the smoke outlet and the hearth, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged on the outer sides of the hearth and the flue gas channel, the heat exchange tubes are surrounded by the water drum, and the heat exchange tubes are connected with the pressure tank through a header pipe; the furnace screen is provided with a certain inclination angle, the feeding hole is positioned at one side of the height of the furnace screen, the air inlet comprises a first air inlet and a second air inlet, the first air inlet is positioned below the furnace screen, and the second air inlet is positioned at the lower side of the hearth; the during operation, the log scrap gets into furnace through the feed inlet, and the unit of igniting ignites when letting in the air by first air intake, the air upwards passes the furnace screen, carries out the co-combustion with the log scrap that is located the furnace screen, and the log scrap postcombustion in the supplementary furnace of air that lets in by the second air intake, the heat of combustion is collected to the heat exchange tube, carries for the overhead tank through house steward.

Furthermore, the pressure tank comprises a support, a circular tank body, a feeding device, a stirring mechanism, an air inlet, an air outlet, a safety device and a discharging device. The safety device comprises a pressure gauge, a pressure release valve and a safety interlocking mechanism, wherein one end of the tank body is provided with an end socket, the other end of the tank body is provided with an openable sealing valve, and the sealing valve is provided with an observation hole;

preferably, a feeding device is arranged on the upper side of the pressure tank sealing valve, and the stirring mechanism is positioned in the tank body and adopts a spiral stirring mode; the bottom of the tank body is provided with a plurality of parallel air inlets, and the top of the tank body is provided with a plurality of parallel air outlets; the pressure tank is also provided with a safety valve interface, and the safety valve interface is provided with a pressure release valve; the pressure tank is also provided with a pressure gauge interface, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the pressure gauge interface; the sealing valve with jar body is articulated, sealing valve sets up safety interlock mechanism and observation hole, the overhead tank is except that head and sealing valve, and the length of the intermediate tank body is 1200mm, and two adjacent air inlets interval is 200mm, and two adjacent gas vents interval is 200mm, and the gas vent and the safety valve interface center interval that are close to the safety valve interface are 150mm, and the gas vent and the pressure gauge interface center interval that are close to the pressure gauge interface are 150 mm.

Further, the shaking screening machine comprises a supporting seat, a screening box, a shaking device, a controller, a driving motor, a feeding hole, a wood chip discharging device and a wood epidemic powder discharging device. The wood powder discharging device is connected with the boiler; the wood chip discharging device is connected with the pressure tank;

preferably, the supporting seat is provided with a sliding guide rail, the screening box is mounted on the sliding guide rail through a guide wheel, a feeding hole is formed above the screening box, a first screening plate and a second screening plate are sequentially arranged in the screening box from top to bottom, and the diameters of screen holes of the first screening plate and the second screening plate are adjustable; the shaking device comprises a cam link mechanism and a driving motor, one end of the cam link mechanism is connected with the driving motor, the other end of the cam link mechanism is hinged with the screening box, and the driving motor controls movement through a controller; the wood chip discharging device comprises a spiral mechanism, one end of the spiral mechanism is connected with the screening box, and the other end of the spiral mechanism is connected with the pressure tank; the wood powder discharging device comprises a spiral mechanism, one end of the spiral mechanism is connected with the screening box, and the other end of the spiral mechanism is connected with the boiler. During operation, the screening case passes through the device that rocks about the slip track, along the wood chip screening and with the abundant separation of epidemic wood bits and pieces are realized.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a method and a device for preparing harmless wood chips of pine wood nematode infected wood aiming at the spreading property of the pine wood nematode infected wood, which can be used for carrying out full-biomass damp-heat steam sterilization treatment on the pine wood nematode infected wood, and can be used for preparing four harmless wood chips meeting the requirements of fiberboards, shaving boards, papermaking and landscaping according to different purposes, thereby realizing the multi-aperture utilization of the infected wood, meeting the actual requirements of wood industries in different infected areas, solving the problem of the spreading of the pine wood nematode and relieving the problem of wood shortage in China;

according to the technical scheme of the whole-tree chipper for the epidemic trees, a horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper is developed, a trunk, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees are sliced into wood chips and wood chips, the whole-tree treatment of the epidemic trees is realized, and the propagation of pine wood nematodes is effectively avoided;

according to the wood chip sorting method and the equipment, the wood chips are sorted, the wood chips are used as the boiler fuel, and the hot steam generated by the wood chips is used as the heat source for killing the wood chips, so that the problem of the heat source for killing the wood chips on site is solved, the treatment cost is effectively reduced, and the feasibility of treating the wood chips on site is improved;

according to the wood epidemic disease sterilization treatment method and the equipment, the wood epidemic pieces are sterilized by the pressure tank, and the sterilization time, the sterilization temperature, the sterilization pressure and other sterilization processes are optimized, and the closed pipeline and the closed equipment are implemented, so that the sterilization method meets the requirements of the national forestry bureau on the pine wood nematode disease wood treatment technical specification (GB/T23477) and the pine wood packaging material treatment and management (GB/T20427) in chapter 6 of the article management method for the pine wood nematode disease epidemic area.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for preparing harmless wood chips for trailed pine wood nematode infected wood of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a device for preparing the self-propelled wood-free chip for wood-free and wood-free nematode-epidemic diseases according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal port forced feed drum chipper of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vibratory screening machine of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a boiler according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pressure tank of the present invention;

wherein, 1-forced feeding drum chipper of horizontal port; 2-shaking the sieving machine; 3-a boiler; 4-pressure tank;

11-a machine base; 12-a feeding mechanism; 12 a-an upper transport assembly; 12 b-a lower transport assembly; 12 c-a feed shield; 12 d-a drive motor; 13-limb identification system; 14-a shoot compression device; 15-a cutting mechanism; 15 a-a motor; 15 b-a pulley; 15 c-a flywheel; 15 d-a cutter drum; 15 e-fly cutter; 15 f-bed knife; 16-a screen mesh; 17-a housing; 18-an output device;

21-a support seat; 22-screening box; 22 a-a first sizing plate; 22 b-a second sizing plate; 23-a shaking device; 24-a controller; 25-a drive motor; 26-a chip discharging device; 27-a wood powder discharging device; 28-cam linkage;

31-a hearth; 32 a-a first air inlet, 32 b-a second air inlet; 33-a feed inlet; 34-combustion means (including a furnace screen and an ignition unit); 35-flue gas channel; 36-heat exchange tube; 37-water bag; 38-header pipe; 39-smoke outlet;

41-support; 42-tank body; 42 a-a sealing valve; 42 b-a viewing aperture; 43-a feeding device; 44-a stirring mechanism; 45-air inlet; 46-an exhaust port; 47 a-pressure relief valve; 47 b-pressure gauge; 47 c-safety interlock mechanism; 48-discharging device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.

In the present invention, the materials and reagents used are not specifically described, and are commercially available.

Example 1

A preparation device for pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chips comprises a boiler 3, a horizontal port forced feeding drum type chipping machine 1, a shaking screening machine 2, a pressure tank 4 and a plurality of pipelines, wherein the horizontal port forced feeding drum type chipping machine 1 is connected with the shaking screening machine 2 through a closed pipeline, the shaking screening machine 2 is connected with the boiler 3 and the pressure tank 4 through closed pipelines, and the boiler 3 is connected with the pressure tank 4 through a pressure steam pipe.

As an embodiment of the invention, the preparation device of the pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chips is in a pulling type and is arranged on a trailer frame pulled by a tractor or an automobile, as shown in figure 1; as another embodiment of the invention, the preparation device of the wood chip for the wood nematode epidemic wood harmless wood chip is of a self-propelled type and is directly arranged on the frame of an automobile or a tractor, as shown in figure 2.

Further, the horizontal port forced feed drum chipper 1, see fig. 3, includes: the device comprises a machine base 11, a shell 17, a feeding mechanism 12, a cutting mechanism 15, a screen 16, a branch identification system 13, a branch pressing device 14 and an output device 18;

further, the cutting mechanism 15 comprises a motor 15a, a belt pulley 15b, a flywheel 15c, a cutter drum 15d, fly cutters 15e and a bed cutter 15f, wherein the motor 15a is arranged outside the shell 17 and is connected with the cutter drum 15d through a triangle belt and the belt pulley 15b, the fly cutters 15e are uniformly distributed and fixed on the cutter drum 15d through pressing blocks, the flywheel 15c is fixed at the shaft end of the cutter drum 15d, and the bed cutter 15f is fixed on the machine base 11.

The feeding mechanism 12 is located at the right side position of the cutting mechanism 15 and comprises a feeding protective cover 12c, an upper conveying assembly 12a, a lower conveying assembly 12b, 1-4 pairs of licker-in rollers and a driving motor 12d for driving the licker-in rollers, and the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles of the epidemic trees are arranged between the upper conveying assembly 12a and the lower conveying assembly 12b and are conveyed into the cutting mechanism 15 through the licker-in rollers for chipping.

The branch identification system comprises a high-speed camera, a signal acquisition device and a processor, and is fixed on the feeding protective cover 12 c; the branch pressing device 14 consists of four blades which can be stretched and contracted along the radial direction; when the branch identification system works, a high-speed camera in the branch identification system 13 shoots and transmits the shot pictures to the signal acquisition device, the signal acquisition is carried out on the shape of the epidemic trees and the signals are transmitted to the processor, if the branch of the epidemic trees is detected, the branch pressing device 14 is started, and the branch is pressed through the blades which can stretch and retract along the radial direction; if only branches are detected, the branch pressing device 14 does not need to be started, and therefore the trunk, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees synchronously enter the cutting mechanism 15 for cutting.

When the cutting mechanism 15 works, the motor 15a drives the cutter drum 15d provided with four flying cutters 15e to rotate through the V-belt and the belt pulley 15b, the flywheel 15c serves as an energy storage unit to ensure that the cutter drum 15d continuously outputs large and constant rotational inertia, the flying cutters 15e and the bed cutters 15f arranged on the base 11 form a shearing mechanism, and when a trunk, branches and pine needles of a log are fed by the feeding mechanism 12, the trunk, branches and pine needles are sheared into wood chips and crumbles.

The screen 16 is fixed on the base 11 through a bracket and is positioned below the cutting mechanism 15, the wood chips and the powder with smaller sizes fall into a shell 17 at the bottom after passing through screen holes, the shell 17 is a cylinder, an output device 18 is arranged at the bottom and can output the wood chips and the powder to the shaking screening machine 2 for screening, and the wood chips with larger sizes are positioned on the screen and are cut again until the wood chips can be output through the screen holes.

In one embodiment of the invention, output device 18 is a screw output mechanism capable of delivering wood through the screen openings into the vibratory screening machine 2.

Further, the shaking screening machine 2 is shown in fig. 4 and comprises a supporting seat 21, a screening box 22, a shaking device 23, a controller 24, a driving motor 25, a feeding hole, a wood chip discharging device 26 and a wood waste discharging device 27, wherein the wood waste discharging device 27 is connected with the boiler 3; the wood chip discharging device 26 is connected with the pressure tank 4;

the supporting seat 21 is provided with a sliding guide rail, the screening box 22 is installed on the sliding guide rail through a guide wheel, a feeding hole is formed above the screening box 22, a first screening plate 22a and a second screening plate 22b are sequentially arranged in the screening box 22 from top to bottom, the hole diameters of the first screening plate 22a and the second screening plate 22b are adjustable, and the hole diameter of the first screening plate 22a is larger than that of the second screening plate 22 b. The wood chip discharging device 26 is a spiral discharging mechanism, is arranged on the side wall of the screening box 22, is positioned on the upper surface of the second screening plate screen 22b, is communicated with the pressure tank 4, and is used for conveying the screened wood chips to the pressure tank for further treatment; the wood powder discharging device 27 is a spiral discharging mechanism, is arranged at the bottom of the screening box 22, is communicated with the boiler 3, and conveys powder with small particle size to the boiler 3 for combustion.

The shaking device 23 comprises a cam linkage 28 and a driving motor 25, one end of the cam linkage 28 is connected with the driving motor 25, the other end is hinged with the screening box 22, and the driving motor 25 controls the movement through the controller 24. During operation, the wood output by the output device 18 enters from the feeding hole at the top of the screening box 22, then the screening box 22 shakes left and right along the sliding rail through the shaking device 23, so that the wood chips are screened and fully separated from the wood powder, and the wood chips and the wood powder are respectively conveyed to the pressure tank 4 and the boiler 3.

Further, the boiler 3 is shown in fig. 5, and includes a furnace 31, a combustion device 34, an air inlet, a feed inlet 33 and a heat sink. The combustion device 34 is positioned below the hearth 31 and comprises an ignition unit and a furnace screen; a heat absorption device is arranged above the hearth 31 and comprises a water bag 37, a flue gas channel 35, a heat exchange tube 36 and a header pipe 38, the water bag 37 is connected with a water source, and the heat exchange tube 36 is connected with the pressure tank 4 through the header pipe 38. The top of the flue gas channel 35 is communicated with the smoke exhaust port 39, and the bottom is communicated with the hearth 31. The feeding hole 33 is arranged on the side wall of the upper hearth 31 of the screen furnace and is used for directly conveying the crushed wood screened by the shaking screening machine 2 to the boiler for combustion.

Preferably, the hearth 31 is in an inverted cone shape, the flue gas channel 35 is in a U shape, the upper end and the lower end of the flue gas channel are respectively communicated with the smoke outlet 39 and the hearth 31, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 36 are arranged on the outer sides of the hearth 31 and the flue gas channel 35, the heat exchange tubes 36 are surrounded by water bags 37, and the heat exchange tubes 36 are connected with the pressure tank 4 through a header pipe 38; the furnace screen is provided with a certain inclination angle, the feeding hole 33 is positioned at one side of the height of the furnace screen, the air inlet comprises a first air inlet 32a and a second air inlet 32b, the first air inlet 32a is positioned below the furnace screen, and the second air inlet 32b is positioned at the lower part of the hearth 31; during operation, the wood powder gets into furnace 31 through feed inlet 33, and the unit of igniting ignites when letting in the air by first air intake 32a, and the air upwards passes the stove sieve, carries out the co-combustion with the wood powder that lies in on the stove sieve, and wood powder after burning in the supplementary furnace of air that lets in by second air intake 32b, heat of burning is collected to heat exchange tube 36, carries for pressure tank 4 through house steward 38.

Further, the pressure tank 41 is shown in fig. 6, and includes a plurality of supports 41, a circular tank 42, a feeding device 43, a stirring mechanism 44, an air inlet 45, an air outlet 46, a safety device and a discharging device 48, wherein the safety device includes a pressure gauge 47b, a pressure relief valve 47a and a safety interlocking mechanism 47c, one end of the tank 42 is provided with a seal head, the other end is provided with an openable seal valve 42a, and the seal valve 42a is provided with an observation hole 42b for observing the state of wood chips in the pressure tank 4.

Preferably, the feeding device 43 is arranged above the pressure tank sealing valve 42a, and the stirring mechanism 44 is positioned in the tank 42 and performs stirring in a spiral stirring manner; the bottom of the tank body 42 is provided with a plurality of parallel air inlets 45, and the top of the tank body 42 is provided with a plurality of parallel air outlets 46; the top of the pressure tank is also provided with a safety valve interface, and a pressure release valve 47a is arranged on the safety valve interface; a pressure gauge interface is also arranged on the pressure tank, and a pressure gauge 47b is arranged on the pressure gauge interface; the sealing valve 42a is hinged with the tank 42, and the sealing valve 42a is provided with a safety interlocking mechanism 47c for fixing the sealing valve 42a with the tank 42 and a safety interlocking mechanism 47c and an observation hole 42b for conveniently observing the state of the wood chips. The discharging device 48 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the tank body 42, and the wood processed in the pressure tank 4 is discharged through the discharging device 48.

Except for the seal head and the sealing valve 42a, the length of the pressure tank 4 is 1200mm, the distance between two adjacent air inlets is 200mm, the distance between two adjacent air outlets is 200mm, the distance between the air outlet close to the safety valve interface and the center of the safety valve interface is 150mm, and the distance between the air outlet close to the pressure gauge interface and the center of the pressure gauge interface is 150 mm.

The wood chip treatment method comprises the steps of slicing the epidemic wood through the horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper, sorting through the shaking sieving machine to screen out the wood chips and the fragments, killing the wood chips in the pressure tank by utilizing heat generated by combustion of the fragments in the boiler, and dyeing the wood chips.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the pine wood nematode infected wood harmless wood chips, and specific examples are as follows.

Example 2

A preparation method of wood chips for a pine wood nematode infected wood harmless shaving board comprises the following steps:

(1) felling the wood affected by the pine wood nematode, packaging the felled wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles together by using a bag, and conveying the packaged wood to a centralized treatment place;

(2) dividing the epidemic trees into 4 grades, namely dividing the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root into 4 grades, namely, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is more than 30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 20-30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is less than 10 cm;

(3) feeding the epidemic trees with different grades into a chipping machine according to the growth direction of the trees, and slicing the trunks, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees into wood chips and powder of the epidemic trees, wherein the wood chips and the powder of the epidemic trees have the length of less than or equal to 40mm and the width of less than or equal to 15mm under the action of the chipping machine;

(4) separating the wood chips and the wood powder through a shaking sieving machine, and dividing the wood chips into wood chips with the grain size of more than or equal to 5mm and less than 40 and wood powder with the grain size of less than 5 mm;

(5) conveying the wood powder to the boiler through a closed pipeline for combustion; the wood chips are conveyed into a pressure tank through a closed pipeline, and the wood chips are subjected to sterilization treatment by using hot steam generated by a boiler, wherein the sterilization process comprises the following steps: the killing time is 60min, the killing temperature is 135 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.35 MPa;

(6) and finally drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 18 percent.

Example 3

A preparation method of wood chips for harmless fiberboard of pine wood nematode epidemic wood comprises the following steps:

(1) felling the wood affected by the pine wood nematode, packaging the felled wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles together by using a bag, and conveying the packaged wood to a centralized treatment place;

(2) dividing the epidemic trees into 4 grades, namely dividing the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root into 4 grades, namely, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is more than 30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 20-30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is less than 10 cm;

(3) feeding the epidemic trees with different grades into a chipping machine according to the growth direction of the trees, and slicing the trunks, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees into wood chips and powder of the epidemic trees, wherein the length of the wood chips is less than or equal to 25mm, and the width of the wood chips is less than or equal to 10mm under the action of the chipping machine;

(4) separating the wood chips and the wood powder through a shaking sieving machine, and dividing the wood chips into wood chips with the grain size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 25 and wood powder with the grain size of less than 3 mm;

(5) conveying the wood powder to the boiler through a closed pipeline for combustion; the wood chips are conveyed into a pressure tank through a closed pipeline, and the wood chips are subjected to sterilization treatment by using hot steam generated by a boiler, wherein the sterilization process comprises the following steps: the killing time is 30min, the killing temperature is 145 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.40 MPa;

(6) and finally drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 18 percent.

Example 4

A preparation method of wood chips for making paper by using harmless pulp and paper by pine wood nematode infected wood comprises the following steps:

(1) felling the wood affected by the pine wood nematode, packaging the felled wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles together by using a bag, and conveying the packaged wood to a centralized treatment place;

(2) dividing the epidemic trees into 4 grades, namely dividing the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root into 4 grades, namely, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is more than 30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 20-30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is less than 10 cm;

(3) feeding the epidemic trees with different grades into a chipping machine according to the growth direction of the trees, and slicing the trunks, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees into wood chips and powder of the epidemic trees, wherein the length of the wood chips is less than or equal to 50mm, and the width of the wood chips is less than or equal to 20mm under the action of the chipping machine;

(4) separating the wood chips and the wood powder through a shaking sieving machine, and dividing the wood chips into wood chips with the grain size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 25 and wood powder with the grain size of less than 3 mm; conveying the wood powder to the boiler through a closed pipeline for combustion;

(5) the wood chips are conveyed into a pressure tank through a closed pipeline, and the wood chips are subjected to sterilization treatment by using hot steam generated by a boiler, wherein the sterilization process comprises the following steps: the killing time is 30min, the killing temperature is 145 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.40 MPa;

(6) and finally drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 18 percent.

Example 5

A preparation method of wood chips for paving a harmless garden landscape for pine wood nematode infected wood comprises the following steps:

(1) felling the wood affected by the pine wood nematode, packaging the felled wood, the trunk, the twigs and the pine needles together by using a bag, and conveying the packaged wood to a centralized treatment place;

(2) dividing the epidemic trees into 4 grades, namely dividing the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root into 4 grades, namely, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is more than 30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 20-30cm, the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the felling position of the trunk root is less than 10 cm;

(3) feeding the epidemic trees with different grades into a chipping machine according to the growth direction of the trees, and slicing the trunks, branches and pine needles of the epidemic trees into wood chips and powder of the epidemic trees, wherein the length of the wood chips is less than or equal to 10mm, and the width of the wood chips is less than or equal to 10 mm;

(4) separating the wood chips and the wood powder through a shaking sieving machine (2) to obtain wood chips with the grain size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 10 and wood powder with the grain size of less than 3 mm;

(5) conveying the wood powder into the boiler (3) through a closed pipeline for combustion; the wood chips are conveyed into a pressure tank (4) through a closed pipeline, and the wood chips are subjected to sterilization treatment by using hot steam generated by a boiler, wherein the sterilization process comprises the following steps: the killing time is 30min, the killing temperature is 145 ℃, and the killing pressure is 0.40 MPa;

(6) and finally drying the sterilized wood chips until the water content is 18 percent.

The trunk, branch and pine needle of the epidemic wood are sliced into wood chips and powder of the epidemic wood by a horizontal port forced feeding drum chipper; the wood-infected chips are sterilized by utilizing hot steam generated by the wood-infected powder as the independently developed boiler fuel through the separation of the independently developed shaking screening machine, so that the pine wood nematodes are effectively prevented from being spread through the wood-infected chips; and can prepare harmless wood chips meeting 4 purposes of fiber boards, shaving boards, paper pulp papermaking and landscaping paving materials by adjusting equipment and processes so as to meet the requirements of different areas on the utilization of epidemic trees and realize the multi-aperture utilization of the epidemic trees, thereby improving the feasibility of the on-site treatment of the epidemic trees and providing a systematic solution for the treatment and utilization of the pine wood nematode epidemic trees.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.