阅读说明：本技术 一种黑磷改性酚醛树脂复合材料及其制备方法 (Black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 汪国庆 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种黑磷改性酚醛树脂复合材料及其制备方法一种黑磷改性酚醛树脂复合材料及其应用,涉及聚合物复合材料领域,该复合材料是通过将酚醛树脂、玄武岩纤维、芳纶纤维、黑磷和石墨混合后热压烧结成型,最后脱模获得；该复合材料具有摩擦系数稳定和磨损率低的特点,可加工成薄片在旋转型超声电机中使用,能够提高超声电机的速度稳定性和使用寿命。(The invention discloses a black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of polymer composite materials; the composite material has the characteristics of stable friction coefficient and low wear rate, can be processed into a thin sheet to be used in a rotary ultrasonic motor, and can improve the speed stability and prolong the service life of the ultrasonic motor.)

1. The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material and the preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:

A) according to volume percentage, firstly, mixing 60-70% of phenolic resin and 0-3% of black phosphorus according to a wet method in proportion, then adding 10-20% of aramid fiber, 10-20% of basalt fiber and 0-4% of graphite, uniformly mixing, then, drying overnight at 120 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a die material;

B) and adding the mold material into a mold for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mold pressing temperature is 150-175 ℃, the pressure is 30-40 MPa, and naturally cooling and demolding are carried out to obtain the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

2. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material according to claim 1, wherein the phenolic resin has an average particle size of 50 to 100 μm.

3. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 2, wherein the aramid fiber has a diameter of 7 μm and a length of 20 to 50 μm.

4. The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 3, wherein the basalt fiber has a particle size of 30 to 50 μm.

5. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 4, wherein the black phosphorus has a lateral dimension of 5 to 25 μm.

6. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material according to claim 5, wherein the graphite particle size is 10 to 20 μm.

7. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is used as a friction material for rotors of ultrasonic motors.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of polymer composite materials, in particular to a black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material and application thereof.

Background

The ultrasonic motor is a novel micro motor which is rapidly developed in the 80 th of the 20 th century and has special application, the driving is realized based on the vibration of the ultrasonic frequency of functional ceramics, and compared with the traditional motor, the micro motor has the advantages of low-speed large-torque output, high power density, good start-stop control, accurate positioning, no electromagnetic interference and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, precise instruments and the like.

The friction driving mode of the ultrasonic motor is dry friction between a stator and a rotor, material abrasion is inevitable, the service life of the ultrasonic motor is shortened due to abrasion, pre-pressure changes, and the output rotating speed of the ultrasonic motor is unstable. The friction material used by the prior rotary ultrasonic motor is a polytetrafluoroethylene-based composite material, and two main problems exist: firstly, the friction performance is unstable, and secondly, the service life is short. At present, no friction material can completely solve the two problems and simultaneously meet the use requirement of the ultrasonic motor.

The phenolic resin is a high polymer material with good insulating property, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and compression resistance, but the pure phenolic resin has single property and is difficult to meet the use requirements under complex environment and harsh conditions, but the phenolic resin has strong designability and can be endowed with good tribological property by fiber reinforcement, black phosphorus and solid lubricant modification.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art of the ultrasonic motor, the invention provides the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material with stable friction performance and good wear resistance, so that the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material has the characteristics of stable friction coefficient and low wear rate, can be processed into thin sheets to be used in the rotary ultrasonic motor, and can improve the speed stability and the service life of the ultrasonic motor.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

according to volume percentage, firstly, mixing 60-70% of phenolic resin and 0-3% of black phosphorus according to a wet method in proportion, then adding 10-20% of aramid fiber, 10-20% of basalt fiber and 0-4% of graphite, uniformly mixing, then, drying overnight at 120 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a die material; and adding the mold material into a mold for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mold pressing temperature is 150-175 ℃, the pressure is 30-40 MPa, and naturally cooling and demolding are carried out to obtain the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

2. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material according to claim 1, wherein the phenolic resin has an average particle size of 50 to 100 μm.

3. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 2, wherein the aramid fiber has a diameter of 7 μm and a length of 20 to 50 μm.

4. The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 3, wherein the basalt fiber has a particle size of 30 to 50 μm.

5. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material of claim 4, wherein the black phosphorus has a lateral dimension of 5 to 25 μm.

6. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material according to claim 5, wherein the graphite particle size is 10 to 20 μm.

7. The black phosphorus-modified phenolic resin composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is used as a friction material for rotors of ultrasonic motors.

The phenolic resin is adopted as the mould pressing powder with the average grain diameter of 50-100 mu m, has stable performance and is suitable for inorganic particle filling and mould pressing; the aramid fiber with the length of 20-50 mu m and the basalt fiber with the length of 30-50 mu m have good mechanical property and tribological property; the transverse size of the black phosphorus is 5-25 mu m, and the black phosphorus has good mechanical property and outstanding wear resistance; graphite has a particle size of 10-20 μm, and graphite is the most effective additive for reducing wear as a solid lubricant. The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material prepared from the raw materials has stable friction coefficient and low wear rate, can meet the requirements of a rotor friction material of a rotary ultrasonic motor, and can prolong the service life of the ultrasonic motor by more than one time; in addition, the aramid fiber reinforced phenolic resin matrix is adopted, the black phosphorus and graphite are synergistically modified to improve the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the material, and the use requirement of the ultrasonic motor in the running-in period or multiple starting and stopping times can be met

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

(1) the traditional friction material has the advantages that under the pre-pressure effect of the ultrasonic motor, tooth collapse can occur after long-term storage, the fatal problem that the starting is difficult to achieve exists, the material has good compression-resistant and creep-resistant performances, and the problem that the ultrasonic motor cannot be started due to the fact that the tooth collapse occurs after the ultrasonic motor is stored for a long time can be solved.

(2) The invention can enhance the heat conductivity of the friction material and simultaneously increase the wear resistance of the rotor of the ultrasonic motor.

(3) Compared with the conventional friction material, the friction coefficient of the invention is improved, so that the output torque and the conversion efficiency of the ultrasonic motor can be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a bar graph of the change of friction coefficient of the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material obtained in each example of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of wear rate of the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material obtained in each example of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

The phenolic resins selected in the following examples had an average particle size of 50-100 μm and were obtained from the Shandong Shengquan group; the basalt fiber has an average particle size of 30-50 μm, and is purchased from Sichuan composite materials GmbH;

the size distribution range of the black phosphorus is 5-25 mu m, and the black phosphorus is purchased from Nanjing Jicang nanometer technology Co., Ltd;

the diameter of the aramid fiber is 7 mu m, the length range is 20-50 mm, and the aramid fiber is purchased from Shanghai Rui Yanmao Co., Ltd;

the graphite particles have an average particle size of 10-20 μm and are available from Nanjing Zhining technologies, Inc.

Example 1

The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 60% of phenolic resin, 20% of aramid fiber, 15% of basalt fiber, 1% of black phosphorus and 4% of graphite.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

1. firstly, uniformly mixing phenolic resin and black phosphorus in alcohol by ball milling, then adding aramid fiber, basalt fiber and graphite, fully and uniformly mixing, and then drying, crushing and sieving at 120 ℃; sieving with 200 mesh sieve;

2. and pouring the mixed mould material into a mould for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mould pressing temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 30MPa, and naturally cooling and demoulding are carried out to obtain the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

Example 2

The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 65% of phenolic resin, 15% of aramid fiber, 15% of basalt fiber, 2% of black phosphorus and 3% of graphite.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

1. firstly, uniformly mixing phenolic resin and black phosphorus in alcohol by ball milling, then adding aramid fiber, basalt fiber and graphite, fully and uniformly mixing, and then drying, crushing and sieving at 120 ℃; sieving with 200 mesh sieve; (ii) a

2. Pouring the mixed mould material into a mould for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mould pressing temperature is 155 ℃, the pressure is 35MPa, and naturally cooling and demoulding are carried out; thus obtaining the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

Example 3

The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 65% of phenolic resin, 10% of aramid fiber, 20% of basalt fiber, 3% of black phosphorus and 2% of graphite.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

1. firstly, uniformly mixing phenolic resin and black phosphorus in alcohol by ball milling, then adding aramid fiber, basalt fiber and graphite, fully and uniformly mixing, and then drying, crushing and sieving at 120 ℃; sieving with 200 mesh sieve;

2. pouring the mixed mould material into a mould for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mould pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the pressure is 35MPa, and naturally cooling and demoulding are carried out; thus obtaining the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

Example 4

The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material prepared in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 70% of phenolic resin, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of basalt fiber and'

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

1. firstly, uniformly mixing phenolic resin and black phosphorus in alcohol by ball milling, then adding aramid fiber, basalt fiber and graphite, fully and uniformly mixing, and then drying, crushing and sieving at 120 ℃; sieving with 200 mesh sieve;

2. pouring the mixed mould material into a mould for hot-pressing sintering molding, wherein the mould pressing temperature is 175 ℃, the pressure is 40MPa, and naturally cooling and demoulding are carried out; thus obtaining the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite material.

The black phosphorus modified phenolic resin composite materials obtained in the examples 1 to 4 are numbered in sequence from 1 to 4, and are respectively sliced, adhered to an aluminum alloy rotor and subjected to surface polishing to be used by an ultrasonic motor

When the rotor obtained by the method is used for a rotary ultrasonic motor, the friction coefficient and the wear rate are detected, as shown in figure 1 (the numbers 1 to 4 in the figure respectively correspond to the average friction coefficient of the phenolic resin composite materials obtained in the examples 1 to 4) and figure 2 (the numbers 1 to 4 in the figure respectively correspond to the wear rate of the phenolic resin composite materials obtained in the examples 1 to 4), the friction coefficient of the material 1 matched with the phosphor bronze stator under the conditions of 100N and 200r/min is 0.16, and the wear rate is about 4.3 multiplied by 10^-8mm³N · m; the friction coefficient of the No. 2 material matched with the phosphor bronze stator under the conditions of 100N and 200r/min is 0.19, and the wear rate is about 3.1 multiplied by 10^{- 8}mm³N · m; the friction coefficient of the No. 3 material matched with the phosphor bronze stator under the conditions of 100N and 200r/min is 0.15, and the wear rate is about 5.6 multiplied by 10^-8mm³N · m; the friction coefficient of the No. 4 material matched with the phosphor bronze stator under the conditions of 100N and 200r/min is 0.21, and the wear rate is about 6.8 multiplied by 10^-8mm³/N·m。

The detection results show that the black phosphorus modified phenolic resin obtained by the method has stable friction coefficient and low wear rate, and can meet the use requirements of the rotary ultrasonic motor rotor friction material.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.