阅读说明：本技术 封闭腔体温热复合成形装置及方法 (Closed cavity warm-heat composite forming device and method ) 是由 李晓龙 冯苏乐 赵淘 简翰鸣 王紫旻 赵舵 刘星 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种封闭腔体温热复合成形装置及方法,成形装置包括第一翻边模、第二翻边模、连接杆、底座、温控组件及驱动机构,第二翻边模的上部设置有承载面,承载面用于放置被加工件；第二翻边模具有安装通孔,被加工件上设置有被加工孔,安装在底座上的连接杆的顶端依次穿过安装通孔、被加工孔延伸到被加工件的内部并可拆卸连接第一翻边模,第二翻边模与第一翻边模相匹配；第二翻边模的下部通过驱动机构可运动的安装在底座上,当温控组件将第二翻边模加热至设定温度时,驱动机构能够驱使第二翻边模靠近第一翻边模运动并将被加工件的被加工部位加工成设计形状,本发明结构简单,使用方便,成本低,通用性好。(The invention provides a warm-hot composite forming device and method for a closed cavity, wherein the forming device comprises a first flanging die, a second flanging die, a connecting rod, a base, a temperature control assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the upper part of the second flanging die is provided with a bearing surface for placing a processed workpiece; the second flanging die is provided with an installation through hole, a processed hole is formed in the processed workpiece, the top end of a connecting rod installed on the base sequentially penetrates through the installation through hole and the processed hole to extend into the processed workpiece and be detachably connected with the first flanging die, and the second flanging die is matched with the first flanging die; the lower part of the second flanging die is movably arranged on the base through the driving mechanism, and when the temperature control assembly heats the second flanging die to the set temperature, the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move close to the first flanging die and process the processed part of the processed workpiece into a designed shape.)

1. A warm composite forming device for a closed cavity is characterized by comprising a first flanging die, a second flanging die, a connecting rod (10), a base (11), a temperature control assembly and a driving mechanism;

the upper part of the second flanging die is provided with a bearing surface for placing a machined workpiece (1);

the second flanging die is provided with an installation through hole, a processed hole (13) is formed in the processed workpiece (1), the top end of a connecting rod (10) installed on the base (11) sequentially penetrates through the installation through hole and the processed hole (13) to extend into the processed workpiece (1) and be detachably connected with the first flanging die, and the second flanging die is matched with the first flanging die;

the lower part of the second flanging die is movably mounted on the base (11) through the driving mechanism, and when the temperature control assembly heats the second flanging die to a set temperature, the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move close to the first flanging die and machine the machined part of the machined workpiece (1) into a designed shape.

2. The warm composite forming device for the closed cavity according to claim 1, wherein the first flanging die is a flanging male die (2), and the second flanging die is a flanging female die (3);

the flanging male die (2) and the flanging female die (3) are coaxially arranged, and the part to be processed is a hole edge corresponding to the hole (13) to be processed;

the outer peripheral face of turn-ups terrace die (2) from the bottom up is locating surface (14), machined surface (15) in proper order, the size matching of locating surface (14) is used for by machined hole (13) the location by machined hole (13), machined surface (15) are the toper face and work as turn-ups terrace die (2) are close to when turn-ups die (3) move machined surface (15) application of force in the medial surface on hole edge will prop after big and then make by machined hole (13) the lateral surface matching laminating on hole edge the junction position of loading surface and mounting hole.

3. The closed cavity warm composite forming device according to claim 1, further comprising a positioning block (5) and a support plate (8);

the second flanging die is installed on the supporting plate (8) through the positioning block (5), and the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move by driving the supporting plate (8) to move.

4. The closed cavity warm composite forming device according to claim 3, wherein the first flanging die and the second flanging die have multiple matched models so as to be suitable for processing of different models of processed workpieces (1);

the mounting position of the positioning block (5) on the supporting plate (8) can be adjusted to match the second flanging dies of different models.

5. A closed cavity warm composite forming device according to claim 3, wherein the temperature control assembly comprises a thermocouple (4), a heating rod (6) and a heating control cabinet (12); the thermocouple (4) and the heating rod (6) are arranged in the second flanging die;

a heat insulation plate (7) is arranged between the second flanging die and the support plate (8);

the heating control cabinet (12) can compare the obtained temperature information of the thermocouple (4) with preset information and guide the heating rod (6) to work according to the comparison result.

6. The closed cavity warm composite forming device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the workpiece (1) comprises any one of aluminum lithium alloy, low-plasticity aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy.

7. A closed cavity warm composite forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the driving mechanism is provided with a top bar (9), and the top bar (9) is connected with the supporting plate (8) through a plum petal structure arranged at the end part.

8. A warm composite forming method for a closed cavity is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: selecting a first flanging die and a second flanging die which are matched with the workpiece to be processed (1), assembling equipment, and adjusting the second flanging die to a preset height through a driving mechanism;

s2: installing the workpiece (1) on a bearing surface of a second flanging die, wherein the preset height meets the requirement that the top end of a connecting rod (10) penetrates through a processed hole (13) in the workpiece (1), extends to the interior of the workpiece (1), and the connecting rod (10) in the interior of the workpiece (1) meets the length requirement of the assembled first flanging die;

s3: the position of the flanging is accurately found through a positioning surface (14) of the first flanging die, so that the positioning is realized;

s4: heating the second flanging die and raising the temperature to a set temperature;

s5: the control driving mechanism drives the second flanging die to move towards the first flanging die so as to realize flanging forming of the processed workpiece (1).

9. A closed cavity warm composite forming method according to claim 1, wherein the set temperature is 180 ℃.

10. The closed cavity warm composite forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that before heating, high temperature resistant lubricating oil is coated on the surface of the workpiece (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal forming, in particular to a warm-heat composite forming device and method for a closed cavity.

Background

The six-way component is an important part of a pressurized conveying system of a carrier rocket, and mainly has the main functions of filling fuel in a fuel tank and conveying fuel propellant in an oxidant tank to an engine, bearing the collecting and shunting functions of a plurality of pipelines, bearing certain pressure and structural stress in the actual flying process, and performing flanging and shaping in two steps by the traditional flanging process. The wall thickness of the six-way piece is greater than 7mm and can reach 9mm at most, the raw material is a 7.5mm plate which belongs to a medium plate, the deformation of the inner side and the outer side of the plate in the thickness direction is uneven in the forming process of the medium plate, the bending effect is obvious, so that an obvious strain gradient exists in the thickness direction, the six-way piece is easy to break in the forming process, and the forming is difficult.

In addition, because the piece that leads to belongs to the closed cavity structure more, adopt upper and lower mould compound die structure to carry out the turn-ups through traditional flanging device, lead to the turn-ups process to cause the part to interfere, can't carry out the turn-ups, consequently need be to the special turn-ups mould of closed cavity structural design.

Patent document CN209124714U discloses a double-acting drawing die with guiding of female die and blank holder, which is characterized in that: the blank holder is in a circular tube shape, a through hole in the middle of the blank holder is matched with a male die, an annular positioning sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the lower portion of the blank holder, the female die is in an I shape, a stamping cavity is arranged at the center of the female die, the female die and the male die have a common central line, the female die is arranged under the male die, a wear-resistant ring is fixed on the outer side of the upper portion of the female die, the positioning sleeve on the lower portion of the blank holder is matched with the wear-resistant ring, the lower end face of the male die is an arc face, an arc face matched with the lower end face of the male die is arranged on the upper portion of the stamping cavity of the female die, the blank holder is fixed on the lower die holder through a connecting rod, the male die is fixed on a piston rod of a stamping hydraulic press, the female die is fixed on the lower die holder, and interference exists in the design on the processing of a six-way component hole edge, and the structure is unreasonable.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a closed cavity warm-hot composite forming device and a method.

The invention provides a warm-hot composite forming device for a closed cavity, which comprises a first flanging die, a second flanging die, a connecting rod, a base, a temperature control assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the first flanging die is arranged on the first flanging die;

the upper part of the second flanging die is provided with a bearing surface for placing a workpiece to be machined;

the second flanging die is provided with an installation through hole, a processed hole is formed in the processed workpiece, the top end of a connecting rod installed on the base sequentially penetrates through the installation through hole and the processed hole to extend into the processed workpiece and be detachably connected with the first flanging die, and the second flanging die is matched with the first flanging die;

the lower part of the second flanging die is movably mounted on the base through the driving mechanism, and when the temperature control assembly heats the second flanging die to a set temperature, the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move close to the first flanging die and machine the machined part of the machined workpiece into a designed shape.

Preferably, the first flanging die is a flanging male die, and the second flanging die is a flanging female die;

the flanging male die and the flanging female die are coaxially arranged, and the machined part is a hole edge corresponding to the machined hole;

the outer peripheral surface of the flanging male die is sequentially provided with a positioning surface and a processing surface from bottom to top, the size of the positioning surface is matched with the processed hole and used for positioning the processed hole, the processing surface is a conical surface and works as the flanging male die is close to the flanging female die when the processing surface applies force to the inner side surface of the hole edge and enables the processed hole to be expanded and then the outer side surface of the hole edge is matched and attached with the connecting part of the bearing surface and the mounting through hole.

Preferably, the device further comprises a positioning block and a supporting plate;

the second flanging die is installed on the supporting plate through the positioning block, and the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move by driving the supporting plate to move.

Preferably, the first flanging die and the second flanging die have multiple matched models so as to be suitable for machining workpieces of different models;

the mounting position of the positioning block on the supporting plate can be adjusted to match the second flanging dies of different models.

Preferably, the temperature control assembly comprises a thermocouple, a heating rod and a heating control cabinet; the thermocouple and the heating rod are arranged in the second flanging die;

a heat insulation plate is arranged between the second flanging die and the supporting plate;

the heating control cabinet can compare the obtained temperature information of the thermocouple with preset information and guide the heating rod to work according to the comparison result.

Preferably, the material of the workpiece includes any one of an aluminum lithium alloy, a low-plasticity aluminum alloy, and a magnesium alloy.

Preferably, the driving mechanism is provided with a top rod, and the top rod is connected with the supporting plate through a plum petal structure arranged at the end part.

The invention provides a warm composite forming method for a closed cavity, which comprises the following steps:

s1: selecting a first flanging die and a second flanging die which are matched with a machined workpiece, assembling equipment, and adjusting the second flanging die to a preset height through a driving mechanism;

s2: installing a workpiece to be processed on a bearing surface of a second flanging die, wherein the preset height meets the requirement that the top end of a connecting rod passes through a processed hole in the workpiece to extend into the workpiece and the connecting rod in the workpiece meets the length requirement of the assembled first flanging die;

s3: the position of the flanging is accurately found through the positioning surface of the first flanging die, so that the positioning is realized;

s4: heating the second flanging die and raising the temperature to a set temperature;

s5: and controlling the driving mechanism to drive the second flanging die to move towards the first flanging die so as to realize flanging forming of the processed workpiece.

Preferably, the set temperature is 180 ℃.

Preferably, the surface of the workpiece is coated with a high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil before heating.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. compared with the traditional flanging structure which needs a cross beam structure and a longitudinal beam structure, the novel flanging structure is simple in structure, convenient to use, low in cost and good in economic benefit.

2. The flanging forming process of a plurality of holes with different diameters can be completed on one set of tool aiming at the closed cavity body, and meanwhile, the flanging positioning is realized by adopting the male die positioning block, so that the positioning deviation caused by different dies required in the traditional flanging is reduced, the positioning precision is high, and the problem of flanging deviation caused by inaccurate positioning of parts is solved; meanwhile, a warm-hot forming method is adopted, so that the problem of flanging cracking caused by low plasticity of parts in the flanging processing operation process is solved.

3. According to the flanging positioning block with interchangeability, different female dies can be interchanged aiming at different flanging holes during use, flanging of a plurality of holes can be completed on one set of tool, the problem that a large number of dies need to be put into production due to the fact that flanging specifications are multiple is solved, cost is reduced, and the universality and interchangeability of the dies are improved.

4. The flanging die has the advantages that the structural design is ingenious, parts do not interfere in the flanging process, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

5. According to the invention, the heating assembly is used for heating the part, so that flanging forming of the material difficult to form can be realized, a good forming effect is achieved on the material difficult to form, such as aluminum-lithium alloy, low-plasticity aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, a part with smaller rebound quantity and higher dimensional precision can be obtained, the forming limit of the material is greatly improved, and the product percent of pass is effectively improved.

6. The invention has small wall thickness reduction and uniform thickness distribution after flanging and forming, improves the processing range and the dimensional precision of parts, and is particularly suitable for flanging and shaping different branch pipes of a multi-way component with a closed inner cavity due to the particularity of the structural form.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mold in place and unprocessed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the configuration of the flanging die positioning surface mounted in the hole to be machined, in which the workpiece is positioned;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the structure after installation of the flanging male die;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mold in place and as it is being formed;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a flanging female die and a flanging male die when a processed workpiece is not installed;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structural arrangement of the workpiece and the flanging male die when the workpiece is positioned.

The figures show that:

ejector rod 9 of processed workpiece 1

Flanging male die 2 connecting rod 10

Flanging female die 3 base 11

Thermocouple 4 heats control cabinet 12

Machined hole 13 of positioning block 5

Positioning surface 14 of heating rod 6

Machining surface 15 of heat insulation plate 7

Supporting plate 8

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

Basic embodiment:

the invention provides a closed cavity warm-hot composite forming device, which comprises a first flanging die, a second flanging die, a connecting rod 10, a base 11, a temperature control assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the upper part of the second flanging die is provided with a bearing surface, the bearing surface is used for placing a processed workpiece 1, the second flanging die is provided with an installation through hole, the installation through hole provides an installation space for installing the connecting rod 10, the processed workpiece 1 is provided with a processed hole 13, the top end of the connecting rod 10 installed on the base 11 sequentially penetrates through the installation through hole and the processed hole 13 to extend into the processed workpiece 1 and be detachably connected with the first flanging die, the bottom end of the connecting rod 10 is preferably installed on the base 11 through a bolt, the second flanging die is matched with the first flanging die, the lower part of the second flanging die is movably installed on the base 11 through the driving mechanism, when the temperature control assembly heats the second flanging die to a set temperature, the driving mechanism can drive the second flanging die to move close to the first flanging die and machine the machined part of the machined workpiece 1 into a designed shape.

In this embodiment, still include locating piece 5 and backup pad 8, the second flanging dies passes through locating piece 5 is installed on backup pad 8, actuating mechanism can be through ordering about backup pad 8 moves and then drive the motion of second flanging dies.

In practical application, the first flanging die and the second flanging die have multiple matched models so as to be suitable for processing of processed parts 1 of different models, and the installation position of the positioning block 5 on the supporting plate 8 can be adjusted to be matched with the second flanging dies of different models, so that the universality of the die is greatly improved.

The temperature control assembly comprises a thermocouple 4, a heating rod 6 and a heating control cabinet 12; the thermocouple 4 and the heating rod 6 are installed in the second flanging die, a heat insulation plate 7 is arranged between the second flanging die and the supporting plate 8, and the heat insulation plate 7 is used for heat insulation and reducing heat transfer to the supporting plate 8. The heating control cabinet 12 can compare the obtained temperature information of the thermocouple 4 with preset information and guide the heating rod 6 to work according to the comparison result.

In practical application, the invention can process the processed workpiece 1 made of various materials, including the case that the processed workpiece 1 is made of aluminum-lithium alloy, low-plasticity aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.

The driving mechanism is provided with a top rod 9, the driving mechanism is preferably a hydraulic machine, power driving operation of the hydraulic machine is achieved through a hydraulic system, the top rod 9 is connected with the supporting plate 8 through a plum petal structure arranged at the end part, and the top rod 9 can be driven to extend out or retract to achieve machining operation during operation of the hydraulic machine.

Researches show that in the process of processing and forming the processed part of the processed workpiece 1, the rheological stress is obviously reduced along with the rise of the temperature, the influence of the bending effect on the cracking in the forming process can be effectively reduced, and particularly, the temperature is obviously higher than 100 ℃, so that a warm-hot forming method is adopted, a warm-hot flanging process is designed, the material forming limit is improved, and the problem of the forming process of the thick-wall six-way workpiece is solved.

The invention provides a warm composite forming method for a closed cavity, which comprises the following steps:

s1: selecting a first flanging die and a second flanging die which are matched with the machined workpiece 1, assembling equipment, and adjusting the second flanging die to a preset height through a driving mechanism; when the device is assembled, firstly, a top rod 9 is installed, one end of the top rod 9 is connected with a hydraulic machine, the other end of the top rod 9 with a plum petal structure is connected to a supporting plate 8, the hydraulic machine is started to eject the top rod 9 to a set height, the set height is preferably the position flush with the position of a second flanging die, and at the moment, the second flanging die is installed in a positioning block 5;

s2: installing the workpiece to be processed 1 on a bearing surface of a second flanging die, wherein the preset height meets the requirement that the top end of a connecting rod 10 penetrates through a processed hole 13 in the workpiece to be processed 1, extends to the interior of the workpiece to be processed 1, and the connecting rod 10 in the interior of the workpiece to be processed 1 meets the length requirement of the assembled first flanging die;

s3: the position of the flanging is accurately found through a positioning surface 14 of the first flanging die, so that the positioning is realized;

s4: heating the second flanging die and raising the temperature to a set temperature; connecting a heating control cabinet 12 to a mold, and heating the mold, wherein the temperature is raised to a set temperature at a uniform temperature raising rate, the set temperature is preferably 180 ℃, and a power supply of a heating rod 6 is turned off after the set temperature is reached, wherein high-temperature-resistant lubricating oil is coated on the surface of the workpiece 1 before heating, so that the damage to the surface of the workpiece 1 caused by friction force in a forming process can be reduced;

s5: and controlling the driving mechanism to drive the second flanging die to move towards the first flanging die so as to realize flanging forming of the processed workpiece 1. After flanging is formed, the first flanging die is detached, the processed workpiece 1 after processing is detached, the second flanging die is replaced to match the next processed workpiece 1 to be processed according to actual processing requirements, the second flanging die is installed in the positioning block 5, and flanging forming of other holes is completed by the same method.

While the basic embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the following further illustrates the present invention for further understanding.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first flanging die is a flanging male die 2, the second flanging die is a flanging female die 3, the bearing surface is an inward-concave arc-shaped surface, the workpiece to be processed 1 is a spherical structure with six holes to be processed 13, the flanging male die 2 and the flanging female die 3 are coaxially arranged, the top end of the connecting rod 10 is preferably provided with an external thread, and the flanging male die 2 is detachably fixed on the top end of the connecting rod 10 through a nut and a gasket.

The positioning block 5 in the embodiment comprises a positioning plate, the bottom end of the positioning plate is detachably mounted on the supporting plate 8, the mounting position of the positioning plate on the supporting plate 8 can be selected according to the size of the flanging female die 3 so as to match the size of the flanging female die 3, and meanwhile, the upper portion of the positioning plate is connected with the flanging female die 3 through a connecting piece so as to realize the positioning of the flanging female die 3.

In this embodiment, the top bar 9 has one or more through holes for mounting on each petal of the plum petal structure, and the plum petal structure is connected to the support plate 8 by a connecting member such as a screw or a rivet.

The machined part is a hole edge corresponding to the machined hole 13, the designed shape is that the hole edge is machined into an annular edge inclined towards the outside of a spherical structure, the outer peripheral surface of the flanging male die 2 is sequentially provided with a positioning surface 14 and a machining surface 15 from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 6 and 7, the positioning surface 14 is matched with the machined hole 13 in size and used for positioning the machined hole 13, the machining surface 15 is a conical surface, and when the flanging male die 2 moves close to the flanging female die 3, the machining surface 15 applies force to the inner side surface of the hole edge and expands the machined hole 13 so that the outer side surface of the hole edge is matched and attached to the connecting part of the bearing surface and the mounting through hole.

The heating control cabinet 12 is respectively electrically connected with the thermocouple 4 and the heating rod 6, the thermocouple 4 is used for collecting the temperature of the flanging female die 3, the heating rod 6 is used for heating the flanging female die 3, the flanging female die 3 transfers heat to the processed workpiece 1 when processing, and the processed workpiece 1 is heated to provide the optimal processing temperature.

Before forming and processing operation, a processed workpiece 1 is installed on a bearing surface, then the flanging male die 2 is installed at the top end of the connecting rod 10 through a through hole in the side surface of the processed workpiece 1, as shown in fig. 2, during processing, the ejector rod 9 is driven to move upwards through the hydraulic machine so as to drive the supporting plate 8 to drive the flanging female die 3 to move towards the flanging male die 2, and finally, the processed surface 15 applies force to the inner side surface of the edge to extrude and deform and is supported by the connecting part of the bearing surface and the installation through hole to form a designed shape, as shown in fig. 5.

In this embodiment, the flanging male die 2 can be replaced according to the sizes of different workpieces to be processed 1. The die comprises a flanging concave surface and a flanging convex surface, the arc curved surface of the flanging profile of the die is matched with the shape of a flanging of a multi-way part, the outer side of the flanging is positioned, the flanging male die 2 is provided with a positioning surface 14 and is matched with a flanging prefabricated hole, the positioning deviation can be obviously reduced, and the flanging precision is effectively improved.

Example 2:

this example is a modification of example 1;

in this embodiment, the first flanging die is a flanging female die, and the second flanging die is a flanging male die, so that the machining operation that the machined edge of the machined part 1 inclines toward the inside of the machined part 1 can be realized during the forming operation.

The invention can select matched moulds according to the processing requirements of different processed workpieces 1 during the forming operation, can adapt to the processing operation of various processed workpieces, and has good universality, simple operation and strong practicability.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.