阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于高精度密封锥面的加工装置及方法 (Machining device and method suitable for high-precision sealing conical surface ) 是由 叶焱生 徐继朋 陈先有 万磊 李友鑫 于 2021-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于磨削加工技术领域,具体涉及一种适用于高精度密封锥面的加工装置及方法。受车床系统精度影响、装夹定位误差、操作工技能水平限制等,产品尺寸精度控制一致性差,且表面光洁度不好。本发明的加工装置,包括顶尖、砂轮和半反顶尖,其中半反顶尖具有杆部,杆部在面对待加工产品的端面上具有内锥面,该内锥面的锥角D与待加工产品的锥角A相同,杆部在靠近内锥面的部分具有切口,该切口具有砂轮对接面,砂轮的磨削边始终在该砂轮对接面中,且磨削边与轴线的夹角为锥角A的一半；待加工产品在非加工一端安装有顶尖,待加工一端同时顶紧在内锥面和磨削边上,待加工产品还具有相应的旋转机构。加工效率高、加工精度高、质量稳定可靠。(The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding, and particularly relates to a machining device and method suitable for a high-precision sealing conical surface. The precision of the product is influenced by the precision of a lathe system, clamping and positioning errors, the skill level of an operator is limited, the size precision control consistency of the product is poor, and the surface smoothness is poor. The machining device comprises a centre, a grinding wheel and a semi-inverted centre, wherein the semi-inverted centre is provided with a rod part, the rod part is provided with an inner conical surface on the end surface facing a product to be machined, the conical angle D of the inner conical surface is the same as the conical angle A of the product to be machined, the part of the rod part close to the inner conical surface is provided with a notch, the notch is provided with a grinding wheel butt joint surface, the grinding edge of the grinding wheel is always positioned in the grinding wheel butt joint surface, and the included angle between the grinding edge and the axis is half of the conical angle A; the center is arranged at the non-processing end of the product to be processed, the end to be processed is simultaneously tightly propped against the inner conical surface and the grinding edge, and the product to be processed is also provided with a corresponding rotating mechanism. The processing efficiency is high, the processing precision is high, and the quality is stable and reliable.)

1. The utility model provides a processingequipment suitable for high accuracy seals conical surface for treat the conical surface of processing product (2) and process its characterized in that: the machining device comprises a centre (1), a grinding wheel (3) and a semi-inverted centre (4), wherein the semi-inverted centre (4) is provided with a rod part, the rod part is provided with an inner conical surface (5) on the end surface facing a product (2) to be machined, the conical angle D of the inner conical surface (5) is the same as the conical angle A of the product (2) to be machined, the part of the rod part close to the inner conical surface (5) is provided with a notch, the notch is provided with a grinding wheel butt joint surface (7), the grinding edge of the grinding wheel (3) is always positioned in the grinding wheel butt joint surface (7), and the included angle between the grinding edge and the axis is half of the conical angle A; the processing tool is characterized in that a tip (1) is arranged at the non-processing end of the product (2) to be processed, the end to be processed is simultaneously tightly propped against the inner conical surface (5) and the grinding edge, and the product (2) to be processed is also provided with a corresponding rotating mechanism.

2. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the centre (1) provides a feed force to the product (2) to be processed.

3. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rotation axis of the grinding wheel (3) is parallel to the rotation axis of the product (2) to be processed.

4. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel butt joint surface (7) cuts the inner conical surface (5) into an incomplete form in an initial state.

5. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the notch is also provided with an avoidance surface (6), and a gap exists between the notch and the grinding wheel (3) in the whole machining process.

6. The processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: and an included angle B between the avoiding surface (6) and the grinding wheel pair joint surface (7) is complementary with the taper angle A.

7. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the centre (1), the product (2) to be processed and the grinding wheel (3) are coaxial.

8. A method for machining a high-precision sealing taper surface by using the machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

step 1, selecting a grinding wheel (3) according to the material and the structural characteristics of parts, the angle of a sealing conical surface and the roughness requirement;

step 2, preliminarily determining grinding parameters including the grinding wheel rotating speed, the grinding wheel moving speed, the workpiece rotating speed and the tool cutting amount in the grinding process according to the machining performance of the grinding machine, the workpiece material and the relevant parameters of the grinding wheel;

step 3, trial grinding, namely performing trial grinding on a sample piece which is made of the same material as the product (2) to be processed according to the grinding parameters preliminarily determined in the step 2, and finally determining the grinding parameters according to the trial grinding effect;

step 4, inserting the end to be processed of the product (2) to be processed into the inner conical surface (5) of the semi-inverted center (4), adjusting the position of the grinding wheel (3) to enable the grinding edge of the grinding wheel (3) to be always in the grinding wheel butt joint surface (7), and tightly pushing the product (2) to be processed at the other end of the center (1);

and 5, aligning the jumping quantity of the outer circular surface of the workpiece to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding on the product (2) to be processed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding, and particularly relates to a machining device and method suitable for a high-precision sealing conical surface.

Background

Part of components in a helicopter hydraulic system have very strict sealing requirements, the sealing performance of the components can cause whether hydraulic oil leaks in the flight process, the leakage is directly related to flight safety, a valve component belongs to the most typical component in the products, and the main assembly relationship of the valve component is represented by extremely strict requirements on dimensional accuracy, form and position tolerance and roughness among sealing contact surfaces of parts; the typical valve part has the structural characteristics that a sealing contact surface is an external conical surface with a taper angle, and the defects of the existing product processing are as follows: the machining depends on the lathe to guarantee, the conventional chuck clamping can cause the precision error of the main shaft of the machine tool to act on the part machining process to cause the size to be out of tolerance and is limited by the precision of a lathe system, the clamping positioning error, the skill level of an operator and the like, the product has poor size precision control consistency and poor surface smoothness, the direct influence is unqualified assembly sealing test, the requirement can be met only by repeatedly polishing, the qualification rate of assembly components is low, and the product becomes an important bottleneck of the production and assembly of the parts of the product.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the machining device and the method are high in machining efficiency, high in machining precision, stable and reliable in quality and suitable for high-precision sealing conical surfaces.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the processing device comprises a tip, a grinding wheel and a semi-inverted tip, wherein the semi-inverted tip is provided with a rod part, the rod part is provided with an inner conical surface on the end surface facing the product to be processed, the conical angle D of the inner conical surface is the same as the conical angle A of the product to be processed, the part of the rod part close to the inner conical surface is provided with a notch, the notch is provided with a grinding wheel butt joint surface, the grinding edge of the grinding wheel is always positioned in the grinding wheel butt joint surface, and the included angle between the grinding edge and the axis is half of the conical angle A; the product to be processed is provided with a tip at the non-processing end, the end to be processed is simultaneously tightly propped against the inner conical surface and the grinding edge, and the product to be processed is also provided with a corresponding rotating mechanism.

Further, the tip provides a feed force to the product to be processed.

Further, the rotation axis of the grinding wheel is parallel to the rotation axis of the product to be machined.

Further, the grinding wheel abutment surface cuts the inner conical surface into an incomplete form in an initial state.

Furthermore, the notch is also provided with an avoiding surface, and a gap exists between the notch and the grinding wheel in the whole machining process.

Furthermore, an included angle B between the avoiding surface and the grinding wheel facing surface is complementary with the taper angle A.

Further, the center, the product to be processed and the grinding wheel are coaxial.

The invention also provides a processing method suitable for the high-precision sealing conical surface, which utilizes the processing device and comprises the following steps:

step 1, selecting a grinding wheel according to the material and the structural characteristics of parts, the angle of a sealing conical surface and the roughness requirement;

step 2, preliminarily determining grinding parameters including the grinding wheel rotating speed, the grinding wheel moving speed, the workpiece rotating speed and the tool cutting amount in the grinding process according to the machining performance of the grinding machine, the workpiece material and the relevant parameters of the grinding wheel;

step 3, trial grinding, namely performing trial grinding on a sample piece which is the same as the material of the product to be processed according to the grinding parameters preliminarily determined in the step 2, and finally determining the grinding parameters according to the trial grinding effect;

step 4, inserting the end to be processed of the product to be processed into the inner conical surface of the semi-inverted center, adjusting the position of the grinding wheel to enable the grinding edge of the grinding wheel to be always in the grinding wheel butt joint surface, and tightly pushing the center at the other end of the product to be processed;

and 5, aligning the runout quantity of the outer circular surface of the workpiece to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, and performing coarse grinding and fine grinding on the product to be processed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the processing device is simple, convenient, accurate and reliable in positioning, the control precision of the size, form and position tolerance and surface roughness of a processed product is high, and the processing efficiency and quality of the product are also obviously improved.

Drawings

The illustrative examples, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives, and descriptions thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an example of the present invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a product to be processed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a processing state of the processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an oblique view of a semi-inverted center;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a semi-inverted center;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view and parameters of a product to be processed according to an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a processing state of the processing apparatus according to the embodiment.

Wherein, 1-center, 2-product to be processed, 3-grinding wheel, 4-semi-inverted center, 5-inner conical surface, 6-avoiding surface, 7-grinding wheel butt joint surface

Detailed Description

The disclosed examples will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some (but not all) of the disclosed examples are shown. Indeed, many different examples may be described and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein. Rather, these examples are described so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

Referring to FIG. 1, the workpiece is made of GCr15 with hardness of HRC 54-58, and the polished rod section of the workpiece isRa0.32; the cone angle is 90 degrees, the jumping quantity of the grinding conical surface and the workpiece polished rod part is not more than 0.015, and the conical surface Ra0.32.

Referring to fig. 2, a machining device is used for clamping and machining a workpiece to the top, the jumping quantity of a polished rod section of the workpiece is not more than 0.01, the workpiece is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism arranged at a proper position of the workpiece, the workpiece moves along the axial direction under the action of the top 1, and then the grinding wheel 3 is adjusted to grind the conical surface of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 3, the semi-inverted center is used for tightly supporting the conical surface of the workpiece, the semi-inverted center has the structural characteristic same as the cone angle of the conical surface of the workpiece, and the semi-inverted center is provided with an opening part for grinding an edge and a grinding wheel avoiding surface in the process of grinding the workpiece.

The machining method for the high-precision sealing conical surface comprises the following steps:

step 1, according to part materials (GCr15, heat treatment HRC 54-58), structural characteristics (as attached figures), angle size (90 degrees) of a sealing conical surface and roughness requirement (Ra0.32 mu m), the selected grinding wheel is white corundum, and a 45-degree grinding wheel is adopted, wherein the granularity of the grinding wheel is 180 #.

Step 2, preliminarily determining grinding parameters such as grinding wheel rotating speed, grinding wheel moving speed, workpiece rotating speed, tool depth and the like in the grinding process according to relevant parameters such as grinding machine processing performance, workpiece materials, grinding wheels and the like: the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is as follows: 7000-7500r/min, grinding wheel moving speed: 25-35mm/s, workpiece rotation speed of 200-: rough machining is 0.01-0.03 mm, and finish machining is carried out: 0.005-0.01 mm.

Step 3, trial grinding, namely performing trial grinding on the prepared trial-machined material (which is consistent with the workpiece material) according to the grinding parameters preliminarily determined in the step 2, and finally determining the rotating speed of a main grinding wheel in the grinding machining process, namely 7200r/min and the moving speed of the grinding wheel according to the trial grinding effect: 32mm/s, workpiece rotating speed of 220/min, cutting feed: rough machining is 0.015mm, and fine machining is carried out: 0.005 mm.

And 4, clamping and processing the workpiece, oppositely clamping the workpiece by using a 60-degree hard alloy tip and a 90-degree carbon steel semi-reversed tip, aligning the jumping quantity of the outer circular surface of the workpiece to be less than or equal to 0.01mm, and finishing the rough grinding and the accurate grinding of the workpiece according to the grinding parameters determined in the step 3.

Different examples of the systems, devices, and methods disclosed herein include various components, features, and functions. It should be understood that the various examples of the systems, devices, and methods disclosed herein may include any of the components, features, and functions of any of the other examples of the systems, devices, and methods disclosed herein in any combination or sub-combination, and all such possibilities are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

The description of the different advantageous arrangements has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the examples in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, the different advantageous examples may describe different advantages as compared to other advantageous examples. The example or examples selected are chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the examples, the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various examples with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.