阅读说明：本技术 一种半分离式双层非线性减振扣件 (Semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener ) 是由 胡华勇 宋川 杨灶鑫 陶波 张小兵 廖忠棋 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种半分离式双层非线性减振扣件,包括从上至下依次设置的上层铁垫板、中间橡胶垫板、下层铁垫板和绝缘耦合板；上层铁垫板和中间橡胶垫板通过底板连接套进行连接,下层铁垫板和上层铁垫板通过底板连接套和连接底套连接,底板连接套和连接底套通过自锁结构相互连接,在底板连接套和连接底套上设置盖板。与现有技术相比,本发明的积极效果是：本发明是具有自锁功能的半分离式双层非线性减振扣件结构,在出厂时即可预组装,尽可能减少现场施工的工作量,零部件的制造工艺相对简单,质量更易把控,后续的维护保养成本低。此外,在尽可能降低扣件垂向刚度的同时,保证一定的横向刚度,确保扣件的绝缘性和密封性,兼具调距功能。(The invention discloses a semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener, which comprises an upper-layer iron base plate, a middle rubber base plate, a lower-layer iron base plate and an insulating coupling plate, wherein the upper-layer iron base plate, the middle rubber base plate, the lower-layer iron base plate and the insulating coupling plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper iron base plate and the middle rubber base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve, the lower iron base plate and the upper iron base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve and a connecting bottom sleeve, the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve are connected through a self-locking structure, and a cover plate is arranged on the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects: the semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener structure with the self-locking function can be preassembled when leaving a factory, the workload of field construction is reduced as much as possible, the manufacturing process of parts is relatively simple, the quality is easier to control, and the subsequent maintenance cost is low. In addition, when reducing the vertical rigidity of fastener as far as possible, guarantee certain transverse rigidity, guarantee the insulating nature and the leakproofness of fastener, have the roll adjustment function concurrently.)

1. The utility model provides a double-deck nonlinear damping fastener of half disconnect-type which characterized in that: the insulating coupling plate comprises an upper iron base plate, a middle rubber base plate, a lower iron base plate and an insulating coupling plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper iron base plate and the middle rubber base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve, the lower iron base plate and the upper iron base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve and a connecting bottom sleeve, the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve are connected through a self-locking structure, and a cover plate is arranged on the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve.

2. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: circular through holes and bosses are arranged on two opposite corners of the upper-layer iron base plate, and circular through holes and bosses corresponding to the upper-layer iron base plate are arranged on two opposite corners of the middle rubber base plate; the bottom plate connecting sleeve is provided with a cylindrical surface which is respectively matched with the circular through holes of the upper iron base plate and the middle rubber base plate; the inner circle through hole of the bottom plate connecting sleeve is provided with a boss which is matched with the cylinder of the connecting bottom sleeve.

3. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: a cylinder, a step, a first straight surface and a second straight surface are arranged on the connecting bottom sleeve, wherein the cylinder is matched with a boss of the bottom plate connecting sleeve, the first straight surface corresponds to the boss straight surface of the bottom plate connecting sleeve, and the step is matched with the step arranged on the lower iron base plate; the second straight surface is matched with the step straight surface of the lower iron base plate.

4. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the middle rubber backing plate is provided with a bulge which is embedded in a sink arranged at the corresponding position of the lower iron backing plate.

5. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: and square through holes are formed in two opposite angles of the upper iron base plate, the middle rubber base plate and the lower iron base plate.

6. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the cover plate is provided with a boss which is matched with the groove arranged on the bottom plate connecting sleeve.

7. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration damping fastener according to claim 6, wherein: the connecting bottom sleeve is provided with sawteeth and grooves which are respectively matched with the sawteeth and the bosses arranged on the cover plate, and the lower straight surface of the groove of the connecting bottom sleeve is flush with the lower straight surface of the groove of the connecting sleeve of the bottom plate.

8. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulated coupling plate are both provided with fine stripe-shaped bulges.

9. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle rubber base plate are both provided with round tables.

10. The semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration-damping fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting bottom sleeve and the insulating coupling plate are provided with long round through holes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of urban rail transit in China, the requirements on the control of vibration and noise generated in the driving process of vehicles are gradually increased. Vibration reduction and noise reduction become an important research direction for urban rail transit development. The prior vibration damping methods mainly comprise ballast vibration damping, steel rail fastener vibration damping and the like. The rail fastener is used as a connecting part for fixing the rail on the sleeper, and the structure of the rail fastener is improved to ensure that the rail fastener has the functions of vibration reduction and noise reduction, so that the rail fastener is an economical, practical and reliable method. Various types of vibration damping fasteners are currently marketed, with medium-sized vibration damping fasteners being the most widely used in practice.

Medium damping fasteners can be classified into shear and compression types depending on the operating conditions of the elastic element. The shear type fastener is represented by a cron-shaped fastener, and an elastic pad and an iron pad are vulcanized together. Compression type fasteners are represented by nonlinear vibration-damping fasteners, which can be divided into single-layer nonlinear vibration-damping fasteners and double-layer nonlinear vibration-damping fasteners. The single-layer nonlinear vibration reduction fastener is simple in structure and convenient to install and maintain, but only one iron base plate is used, the bolt pretightening force is directly applied to the iron base plate, the bolt pretightening force is further applied to the elastic element, the elastic element loses partial elasticity or even all elasticity, the vibration reduction effect cannot be achieved, the transverse shearing force of the bolt is too large, and serious consequences such as fastener failure are caused. The double-layer nonlinear vibration-damping fastener is represented by a non-self-locking fastener and a self-locking fastener. The upper and lower iron base plates of the non-self-locking vibration-damping fastener are not provided with a self-locking mechanism, a mechanism for increasing the transverse rigidity of the fastener is mostly arranged at the bolt installation position, all parts are mutually independent and mutually connected, and the processing technology is relatively simple. The installation needs to be installed step by step according to the order during the installation, because of its structural constraint, need dismantle during maintenance spare part between many, prolonged maintenance, maintenance's time. The self-locking fastener connects the upper iron backing plate and the lower iron backing plate together through non-metal elements such as nylon 66 and the like, and is in an assembly state when leaving a factory, so that the installation workload of a construction site can be reduced, and relatively few parts are also favorable for improving the stability of a fastener system. From the processing technology of spare part, especially lower floor's iron backing plate because of it generally can be equipped with integrative boss structure, and forming die is complicated, has increased manufacturing cost, and boss structure mainly receives the transverse force effect, in case produce little deformation or influence the destruction of in service, needs to change monoblock iron backing plate, has increased maintenance and maintenance cost. In addition, the double-layer iron base plate and the elastic base plate structure increase the installation height of the fastener, and the fastener cannot adapt to the installation height of the positive line fastener.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener structure with a self-locking function, which can be preassembled when being delivered from a factory, and simplifies the workload and cost of installation, maintenance and repair as much as possible. In addition, when reducing the vertical rigidity of fastener as far as possible, guarantee certain transverse rigidity, guarantee the insulating nature and the leakproofness of fastener, have the roll adjustment function concurrently.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a semi-separation type double-layer nonlinear vibration attenuation fastener comprises an upper-layer iron base plate, a middle rubber base plate, a lower-layer iron base plate and an insulating coupling plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper iron base plate and the middle rubber base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve, the lower iron base plate and the upper iron base plate are connected through a base plate connecting sleeve and a connecting bottom sleeve, the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve are connected through a self-locking mechanism, and a cover plate is arranged on the base plate connecting sleeve and the connecting bottom sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:

1. low vertical stiffness and flexible joint

The invention adopts a double-layer iron backing plate structure, and the elastic backing plate is arranged between the two layers of iron backing plates. The two layers of iron base plates are not in hard contact, and the middle elastic base plate plays a role in flexible connection between the two layers of iron base plates. When the bolts are pre-tightened, the pre-tightening force of the bolts is applied to the lower iron base plate through the cover plate, so that the compression of the middle elastic base plate caused by the pre-tightening force of the bolts is avoided, the elasticity of the elastic element is exerted to the maximum extent, the vertical rigidity is reduced, and the purpose of vibration reduction is achieved.

2. Has a certain transverse rigidity

The invention is provided with the connecting bottom sleeve, the connecting bottom sleeve is made of metal materials, and the lug boss structure can bear partial transverse force when the connecting bottom sleeve is transversely stressed. The cover plate is matched with the sawteeth connected with the bottom sleeve, so that the transverse deformation resistance of the fastener system can be enhanced, and the bolt is prevented from displacing when being subjected to transverse force. Meanwhile, the insulating coupling plate is provided with a stripe structure so as to increase the friction force between the insulating coupling plate and the ground and the lower iron base plate and balance partial transverse force.

3. Sealing property and insulating property

The sealing performance of the fastener system mainly depends on the cover plate and the bottom plate connecting sleeve, and can prevent foreign matters and rainwater from entering the fastener system.

The embedded sleeve and the insulating coupling plate are adopted to provide resistance for the whole fastener system, and the insulativity of the fastener system is ensured.

4. Flexible distance adjustment

Large distance adjustment: the connecting bottom sleeve is provided with the sawteeth, the distance between the sawteeth can be adjusted according to the distance adjusting requirement, and the sawteeth are matched with the sawteeth on the cover plate to realize the function of large distance adjustment.

Fine adjustment of distance: the fine tuning function is realized by an insulating track gauge block, and the tuning grade is 1 mm.

5. The invention separates the boss structure on the lower iron base plate into an independent part, namely a connecting bottom sleeve. After the boss structure is separated, the overall structure of the fastener is simple, and the manufacturing quality of parts is easier to control and is more stable; when can reach the auto-lock purpose, reduced the shaping degree of difficulty of spare part, reduced the loss cost who produces in maintenance and maintenance process, can change the spare part of damage alone.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vibration-damping fastener;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall assembly of the vibration damping fastener;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a vibration absorbing fastener;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cover plate 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the upper iron backing plate 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper surface of the intermediate rubber shim plate 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lower surface of the intermediate rubber mat 4;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lower iron shim plate 5;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the connecting bottom cover 6;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the insulating coupling plate 7.

Detailed Description

A semi-separable double-layer non-linear vibration damping fastener, which is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and comprises: the device comprises a cover plate 1, an upper-layer iron base plate 2, a bottom plate connecting sleeve 3, a middle rubber base plate 4, a lower-layer iron base plate 5, a connecting bottom sleeve 6 and an insulating coupling plate 7.

The cover plate 1 is structured as shown in fig. 4, and a circular through hole is provided on the cover plate 1 for bolt fastening. Be equipped with sawtooth 1.1 on the apron, when the assembly, mutually support with sawtooth 6.1 on the bottom plate adapter sleeve, make the apron fixed, the two adopts the sawtooth cooperation simultaneously, has certain horizontal roll adjustment function. The boss 1.2 is mutually matched with the groove 3.2 on the base plate connecting sleeve 3, has the functions of positioning and preventing rotation, and is convenient for the cover plate to move left and right during distance adjustment.

The structure of the upper iron backing plate 2 is as shown in fig. 5, circular through holes 2.1 are arranged on two opposite corners of the upper iron backing plate 2, and the circular through holes 2.1 are matched with an outer cylindrical surface 3.3 on the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3; the boss 2.2 is matched with a boss 3.1 of the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3; elastic strip mounting seats 2.3 are also arranged on the other two opposite corners of the upper iron base plate 2.

The structure of the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3 is shown in fig. 6, a groove 3.2 is arranged on the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3 and is matched with a boss 1.2 on the cover plate 1, and a cylindrical surface 3.3 is matched with a circular through hole 2.1 of the upper iron base plate 2. More importantly, a boss 3.1 is arranged on the inner circle through hole of the connecting sleeve of the bottom plate and matched with a cylinder 6.3 on the connecting bottom sleeve 6, so that the self-locking purpose is achieved. When the installation, the straight surface on the boss 3.1 corresponds to the first straight surface 6.5 on the connecting bottom sleeve 6, the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3 is pressed downwards, and the bottom plate connecting sleeve is rotated by 90 degrees under the condition of keeping pressing, so that the boss 3.1 is clamped on the cylinder 6.3, and the self-locking purpose is achieved.

The structure of the middle rubber backing plate 4 is as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and round tables 4.2 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle rubber backing plate 4 to enhance the elasticity of a fastener system; round through holes 4.1 are arranged on two opposite corners of the middle rubber base plate 4 and matched with a cylinder 3.3 on the bottom plate connecting sleeve 3, and a boss 4.3 is matched with the upper iron base plate 2; the lower surface is provided with a bulge 4.4 which is embedded into a sink 5.3 of the lower iron base plate 5, so that the overall installation height is reduced, and the position relation between the rubber base plate and the lower iron base plate is ensured during deformation; the other two opposite corners of the middle rubber cushion plate 4 are provided with square through holes 4.5 mainly for ensuring the drainage performance.

The structure of the lower iron base plate 5 is shown in fig. 9, and the lower iron base plate 5 is provided with a long circular step through hole 5.1 which is used for matching with a step 6.4 on the connecting bottom sleeve 6; the square through hole 5.2 is also convenient for draining water; the lower iron backing plate is provided with a sink 5.3, and the shape of the sink corresponds to the bulge 4.4 on the lower surface of the middle rubber backing plate 4.

The structure of the connecting bottom sleeve 6 is shown in fig. 10, and sawteeth 6.1 are arranged on the connecting bottom sleeve 6 and matched with the sawteeth 1.1 on the cover plate 1; the groove 6.2 is matched with the boss 1.2 on the cover plate 1, and after the installation is finished, the lower straight surface of the groove 6.2 is ensured to be flush with the lower straight surface of the groove 3.2 on the connecting sleeve 3 of the bottom plate, so that the groove is convenient to be matched with the boss 1.2 on the cover plate 1 and the distance is convenient to adjust; the column 6.3 is matched with the boss 3.1 on the connecting sleeve 3 of the bottom plate to realize self-locking; the step 6.4 is matched with a step 5.1 on the lower iron base plate 5; the second straight surface 6.6 is matched with the straight surface of the step 5.1; the connecting bottom sleeve 6 is also provided with a long round through hole 6.7 which has the function of enabling the bolt to have certain transverse adjustment amount.

The structure of the insulating coupling plate is shown in fig. 11, two long round through holes 7.1 are arranged on the insulating coupling plate 7, after assembly is completed, the positions of the through holes correspond to the positions of the long round through holes 6.7 on the connecting bottom sleeve 6, and the shapes and the sizes of the through holes are matched; on the surface (upper and lower surfaces) 7.2 of the insulating coupling plate, there are fine stripe-shaped protruding structures to increase the friction force with the sleeper and the lower iron tie plate 5.