阅读说明：本技术 农用遮阳布及其制作方法 (Agricultural sun-shading cloth and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 赖祥福 于 2021-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农用遮阳布及其制作方法,该农用遮阳布至少由面层、中间层及底层复合构成,其中,面层是白色的纺粘无纺布,中间层是熔喷布,底层是绿色的纺粘无纺布；面层和底层协作逐层滤除太阳光中不同波长的光波,以此控制穿过农用遮阳布的太阳光的光波。制作时基于无纺布工艺获得面层及底层,以及基于熔喷布工艺制作熔喷布,并粘附到在上述的面层上,形成中间层,以制得农用遮阳布。该遮阳布可降解并且降解时间可调,不污染环境。本发明可以防止暴晒伤害,并获得适合植物生长的光照环境,促进农作物及果实生长；而中间层具有良好的防水性,有效阻隔雨水,防止雨水侵袭所导致的烂果、烂叶的情况；制作工艺简单,降低生产成本,适合工业化大生产。(The invention relates to an agricultural sun-shading cloth and a manufacturing method thereof, the agricultural sun-shading cloth is formed by compounding a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is white spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the middle layer is melt-blown fabric, and the bottom layer is green spun-bonded non-woven fabric; the surface layer and the bottom layer cooperate to filter light waves with different wavelengths in sunlight layer by layer so as to control the light waves of the sunlight passing through the agricultural sun-shading cloth. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of obtaining a surface layer and a bottom layer based on a non-woven fabric process, manufacturing melt-blown fabric based on a melt-blown fabric process, and adhering the melt-blown fabric to the surface layer to form a middle layer so as to obtain the agricultural sunshade fabric. The sun-shading cloth is degradable, has adjustable degradation time and does not pollute the environment. The invention can prevent the damage of insolation, obtain the illumination environment suitable for the growth of plants and promote the growth of crops and fruits; the middle layer has good waterproofness, effectively blocks rainwater, and prevents rotten fruits and rotten leaves caused by rainwater invasion; the preparation process is simple, the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial mass production.)

1. The agricultural sunshade cloth is characterized by being formed by compounding at least a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is white spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the middle layer is melt-blown fabric, and the bottom layer is green spun-bonded non-woven fabric; the surface layer and the bottom layer cooperate to filter light waves with different wavelengths in sunlight layer by layer so as to control the light waves of the sunlight passing through the agricultural sun-shading cloth.

2. The agricultural awning cloth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are connected together by hot-pressing and compounding, and the obtained agricultural awning cloth has a gram weight of 30-50 g/m, wherein the gram weight of the surface layer is at least 20 g/m, and the balance is the middle layer and the bottom layer; the agricultural sun-shading cloth has the light transmittance of less than 30% to UVA wave band, less than 3% to UVB wave band and less than 0.3% to UVC wave band.

3. An agricultural awning cloth as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper side of said surface layer is provided with a recessed functional portion to make the light reflection rate of the surface layer 80% or more.

4. The agricultural awning cloth as claimed in claim 3, wherein said functional part is based on depressions formed by rolling, grooves or a combination thereof.

5. The agricultural awning cloth as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner side wall of said functional part is a reflective surface with an inclined angle.

6. The manufacturing method of the agricultural sun-shading cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, based on the non-woven fabric process, sequentially spraying the yarns twice and conveying the yarns to a roller through a net curtain for hot rolling to obtain a surface layer;

s2, manufacturing melt-blown fabric based on a melt-blown fabric process, and adhering the melt-blown fabric to the surface layer to form an intermediate layer;

and S3, spinning on the middle layer based on a non-woven fabric process, conveying the middle layer to a roller through a net curtain, and carrying out hot rolling to obtain a bottom layer so as to obtain the agricultural sunshade cloth.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the two-time spinning in step S1 is performed under the same conditions, and the upper side of the obtained surface layer is rolled by the texture on the surface of the roller during the hot rolling process to obtain the recessed functional portion.

8. The method for manufacturing the agricultural sun-shading cloth according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the surface layer is manufactured by mixing 90% of polypropylene matrix resin, 3% of anti-aging auxiliary agent, 4% of titanium dioxide and 3% of pigment master batch, wherein the titanium dioxide is cylindrical particles with the diameter of 2mm and the height of 4.5 mm.

9. The method for manufacturing the agricultural sun-shading cloth according to claim 6, wherein the middle layer is prepared by mixing 52% of polypropylene resin, 24% of polyethylene terephthalate, 17% of titanium dioxide, 3% of a dispersing agent, 3% of a stabilizing agent and 1% of an auxiliary agent, the dispersing agent is any one of triethylhexylphosphoric acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methylpentanol, a cellulose derivative, polyacrylamide, guar gum and fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, the stabilizing agent is organic tin, the auxiliary agent is a mixture of a plastic antioxidant and a thickening agent, and the mixing ratio of the plastic antioxidant to the thickening agent is 1: 1.

10. the method for manufacturing the agricultural sun-shading cloth according to claim 6, wherein the bottom layer is manufactured by mixing 90% of polypropylene matrix resin, 3% of anti-aging auxiliary agent and 3% of pigment master batch.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, in particular to agricultural sun-shading cloth and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of agriculture in China in recent years, the planting technology of crops is relatively promoted. In the aspect of crop and fruit growth, the light waves of all wave bands have different influences on the growth. Ultraviolet light of short wavelength may damage the genetic material of crops or affect the morphology of plants, for example, the plant height is reduced, the leaves are thickened, the leaf surface area is reduced, etc. The photosynthesis of crops is mainly carried out by utilizing blue light and red light wave bands in visible light, and green light and yellow light wave bands (490 nm-600 nm) with lower reflection utilization rate. The far infrared rays (4-14 μm) with long wavelength can resonate with water molecules in crops to accelerate the circulation of water and nutrients in crops, so that the crops are robust and the growth speed of the crops is increased. Thus, a light environment suitable for plant growth includes the following elements: 1. low ultraviolet irradiation; 2. the irradiation amount of the blue light and the red light wave bands of the visible light wave bands is higher than that of the green light and the yellow light; 3. high efficiency far infrared ray irradiation. However, sunlight is composed of a mixture of lights with different intensities and wavelengths, and the sunlight directly irradiates crops, and harmful lights can damage the crops and fruits, so the prior art adopts a sun-shading cloth to cover and protect the crops and fruits. The traditional sun-shading cloth is mainly made of transparent plastic or a woven net, the transparent plastic is difficult to degrade, serious environmental pollution is caused, the light transmittance is poor, and the growth of crops is not facilitated. The woven net has poor water resistance, rainwater is easy to permeate, the woven net cannot play a role in keeping off rain, coloring of fruits is influenced, and phenomena of rotten fruits, rotten leaves and the like occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an agricultural sun-shading cloth and a manufacturing method thereof, and overcomes the defects of the prior art.

The invention provides an agricultural sun-shading cloth, which is formed by compounding a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer at least; wherein, the surface layer is white spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the middle layer is melt-blown fabric, and the bottom layer is green spun-bonded non-woven fabric; the surface layer and the bottom layer cooperate to filter light waves with different wavelengths in sunlight layer by layer so as to control the light waves of the sunlight passing through the agricultural sun-shading cloth.

The technical scheme is that the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are connected together in a hot-pressing compounding manner, the gram weight of the obtained agricultural sun-shading cloth is 30-50 g/square meter, wherein the gram weight of the surface layer is at least 20 g/square meter, and the balance is the middle layer and the bottom layer; the agricultural sun-shading cloth has the light transmittance of less than 30% to UVA wave band, less than 3% to UVB wave band and less than 0.3% to UVC wave band.

In the above aspect, the upper side of the surface layer is provided with a recessed functional portion, so that the light reflection rate of the surface layer is 80% or more.

Further, the functional portion is based on depressions formed by rolling, grooves or a combination thereof.

In the above aspect, the inner sidewall of the functional portion is a reflecting surface having an inclination angle.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the agricultural sun-shading cloth, which comprises the following steps:

s1, based on the non-woven fabric process, sequentially spraying the yarns twice and conveying the yarns to a roller through a net curtain for hot rolling to obtain a surface layer;

s2, manufacturing melt-blown fabric based on a melt-blown fabric process, and adhering the melt-blown fabric to the surface layer to form an intermediate layer;

and S3, spinning on the middle layer based on a non-woven fabric process, conveying the middle layer to a roller through a net curtain, and carrying out hot rolling to obtain a bottom layer so as to obtain the agricultural sunshade cloth.

In the above scheme, the process conditions of the two-time spinning in step S1 are consistent, and the upper side surface of the obtained surface layer is rolled by the grain on the surface of the roller in the hot rolling process to obtain the recessed functional part.

The invention has the following technical effects:

1. the white reflection of the surface layer is utilized to block partial sunlight from passing through, so that the damage of insolation is prevented; the melt-blown cloth of the middle layer has good waterproofness, effectively blocks rainwater, and prevents rotten fruits and rotten leaves caused by rainwater invasion; the green of the bottom layer further filters light waves with different wavelengths in the sunlight, so that the light waves of the sunlight penetrating through the agricultural sun-shading cloth are controlled, the illumination environment suitable for plant growth is obtained, the growth of crops and fruits is promoted, the coloring of the fruits is promoted, and the sugar content and the nutrient content of the fruits are improved.

2. The surface layer of the sunshade cloth is white spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the middle layer is melt-blown cloth, and the bottom layer is green spun-bonded non-woven fabric, so that the sunshade cloth is degradable, the degradation time is adjustable, and the environment is not polluted.

3. The preparation process is simple, the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial mass production.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an agricultural sunshade cloth according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the front surface of the top layer of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the front surface of the bottom layer of the embodiment of fig. 1.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the following further description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, which are schematic views of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides an agricultural sunshade cloth, which is composed of at least a surface layer 1, a middle layer 2 and a bottom layer 3, wherein in the present invention, the surface layer 1 is a white spunbonded nonwoven fabric, the middle layer 2 is a meltblown fabric, and the bottom layer 3 is a green spunbonded nonwoven fabric; the preferred surface course 1, intermediate level 2 and bottom 3 link together through hot pressing complex, obtain the multilayer structure, not only convenient preparation, and multilayer adhesion intersection has good tensile nature, promotes life. The surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 3 cooperate to filter light waves with different wavelengths in sunlight layer by layer so as to control the light waves of the sunlight penetrating through the agricultural sun-shading cloth, particularly, the white color of the surface layer 1 has a good light reflecting effect, most of the sunlight is reflected, and after part of light rays penetrate through the surface layer 1 and the middle layer 2, the light waves with different wavelengths in the sunlight are filtered by the green color of the bottom layer 3, so that the agricultural sun-shading cloth has the functions of resisting ultraviolet rays, emitting far infrared rays, filtering and the like, and has good weather resistance, an environment which is beneficial to the growth of covered plants can be provided for a long time, meanwhile, the plants are protected, the plants are made robust, the growth of the plants and fruits is promoted, and the sugar content and the nutrient content of the fruits are improved.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the gram weight of the obtained agricultural awning cloth is 30 to 50 g/m, wherein the gram weight of the surface layer is at least 20 g/m, and the rest is the middle layer and the bottom layer; under the gram weight, the light transmittance of the agricultural sun-shading cloth to a UVA wave band is lower than 30%, the light transmittance to a UVB wave band is lower than 3%, and the light transmittance to a UVC wave band is lower than 0.3%; therefore, the multifunctional plant cover achieves good functions of resisting ultraviolet rays, radiating far infrared rays, filtering light and the like, can prevent direct sunlight and insolation when being covered on crops, is beneficial to protecting plants, can build a lighting environment suitable for plant growth, and promotes the growth of plants and fruits.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, a concave functional portion 11 is further disposed on the upper side of the surface layer 1, the functional portion 11 is preferably formed by rolling a concave pit, a groove or a combination thereof, and the inner side wall of the functional portion 11 is a reflective surface with an inclined angle, so as to increase the reflective area of the surface layer 1, so as to better reflect sunlight, so that the reflective rate of the surface layer is 80% or more, and achieve good ultraviolet resistance and far infrared radiation.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method for the agricultural sunshade cloth, which comprises the following steps:

s1, based on the non-woven fabric process, sequentially spraying the yarns twice and conveying the yarns to a roller through a net curtain for hot rolling to obtain a surface layer; preferably, the process conditions of the two-time successive spinning are consistent, and the upper side surface of the obtained surface layer is rolled by the lines on the surface of the roller in the hot rolling process to obtain the sunken functional part;

s2, manufacturing melt-blown fabric based on a melt-blown fabric process, and adhering the melt-blown fabric to the surface layer to form an intermediate layer;

and S3, spinning on the middle layer based on a non-woven fabric process, conveying the middle layer to a roller through a net curtain, and carrying out hot rolling to obtain a bottom layer so as to obtain the agricultural sunshade cloth.

The surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer of the composite agricultural sun-shading cloth can be continuously and successively sprayed on the same production line and are bonded together through hot rolling; or the agricultural sun-shading cloth can be compounded after the cloth bodies of the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are respectively manufactured.

Example (b):

the surface layer is prepared by mixing 90% of polypropylene matrix resin, 3% of anti-aging auxiliary agent, 4% of titanium dioxide and 3% of pigment master batch, wherein the titanium dioxide is cylindrical particles with the diameter of 2mm and the height of 4.5 mm.

The bottom layer is prepared by mixing 90% of polypropylene matrix resin, 3% of anti-aging auxiliary agent and 3% of pigment master batch.

When the surface layer and the bottom layer are manufactured, raw materials are mixed and added into a spiral extruder of a double-layer co-agent and a double-layer composite film to be in a molten state through high-temperature melting, a solution is filtered by a solution filter and then is sent into a metering pump, the solution is metered by a gear metering pump and then is sent into a spinning box, the solution is spun into filaments by a melt-blown nozzle under the action of self gravity, the filaments are stretched after being cooled by external air, and then the filaments are conveyed by a screen curtain for hot rolling. The anti-aging auxiliary agents adopted for manufacturing the surface layer and the bottom layer are the auxiliary agents commonly used for producing the spun-bonded non-woven fabric.

The middle layer is prepared by mixing 52% of polypropylene resin, 24% of polyethylene terephthalate, 17% of titanium dioxide, 3% of dispersing agent, 3% of stabilizing agent and 1% of auxiliary agent, wherein the dispersing agent is any one of triethyl hexyl phosphoric acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methyl amyl alcohol, cellulose derivative, polyacrylamide, guar gum and fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, the stabilizing agent is organic tin, the auxiliary agent is a mixture of a plastic antioxidant and a thickening agent, and the mixing ratio of the plastic antioxidant to the thickening agent is 1: 1.

when the middle layer is manufactured, the raw materials are mixed, extruded and melted, are fed into a melt distribution cavity through the accurate metering of a metering pump, enter a spinning melt pool after rectification, are sprayed out through spinning micropores to form filaments, and the filaments are obtained under the jet drawing of high-speed hot air flow, wherein the diameter of each filament reaches 1.5 mm; the drawn superfine fibers are diffused along with the volume expansion of the jet air flow, are uniformly laid on a collecting device under the guidance of suction and air, and are mutually bonded by utilizing the self waste heat to obtain the melt-blown fabric.

The agricultural sun-shading cloth provided by the invention has the advantages that the white reflection of the surface layer is utilized, partial sunlight is prevented from passing through the agricultural sun-shading cloth, the crops are prevented from being exposed to the sun, the melt-sprayed cloth of the middle layer has good waterproofness, the rainwater is effectively blocked, and the phenomena of rotten fruits and rotten leaves caused by the invasion of the rainwater are prevented; the green of the bottom layer further filters light waves with different wavelengths in the sunlight, so that the light waves of the sunlight penetrating through the agricultural sun-shading cloth are controlled, the illumination environment suitable for plant growth is obtained, the growth of crops and fruits is promoted, the coloring of the fruits is promoted, and the sugar content and the nutrient content of the fruits are improved. The surface layer of the sunshade cloth is white spun-bonded non-woven fabric, the middle layer is melt-blown cloth, and the bottom layer is green spun-bonded non-woven fabric, so that the sunshade cloth is degradable, the degradation time is adjustable, and the environment is not polluted. The preparation process is simple, the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial mass production.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the technical concept and the features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and it is intended that the present invention is implemented by those skilled in the art, and therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.