阅读说明：本技术 一种滤布清洗集成装置 (Filter cloth washs integrated device ) 是由 周林杰 杨华 张涛 倪国炳 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及固液分离设备技术领域,且公开了一种滤布清洗集成装置,包括壳体,所述壳体底部固定连接有底座,所述壳体内部设置有清理机构,所述壳体内部设置有烘干机构,所述壳体正面设置有观察窗口,所述底座内底部固定连接有除杂机构。该滤布清洗集成装置,通过设置清理机构,在使用过程中,启动电动伸缩杆,电动伸缩杆的启动通过承接块推动固定支架向壳体内运动,该装置通过将滤布垂直固定可以有效防止滤布在清洗时出现杂质残留物吸附在滤布表面,同时通过从滤布前后两侧对滤布进行初步冲洗和洗刷以及二次冲洗,可以将滤布表面的杂质彻底的清洗干净,大大提升了清洗的效果,提高了滤布重复使用的过滤效果。(The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation equipment, and discloses a filter cloth cleaning integrated device which comprises a shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected with a base, a cleaning mechanism is arranged inside the shell, a drying mechanism is arranged inside the shell, an observation window is arranged on the front surface of the shell, and an impurity removing mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom in the base. This integrated device is washd to filter cloth, through setting up clearance mechanism, in the use, start electric telescopic handle, electric telescopic handle's start-up promotes the fixed bolster through accepting the piece and to the casing motion, the device can prevent effectively that impurity residue from appearing in the filter cloth when wasing to filter cloth absorption on the filter cloth surface through with filter cloth vertical fixation, both sides are washed the filter cloth tentatively and are washd and the secondary is washed simultaneously around the filter cloth through following, can be with the thorough sanitization of the impurity on filter cloth surface, the abluent effect has been promoted greatly, filter cloth used repeatedly's filter effect has been improved.)

1. The utility model provides a filter cloth washs integrated device, includes casing (2), its characterized in that: the bottom of the shell (2) is fixedly connected with a base (5), a cleaning mechanism (1) is arranged in the shell (2), a drying mechanism (4) is arranged in the shell (2), an observation window (3) is arranged on the front side of the shell (2), and an impurity removing mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom in the base (5);

the cleaning mechanism (1) comprises a water pump (102), the water pump (102) is fixedly connected to the top of a shell (2), a water pumping pipe (101) is connected to a water pumping port of the water pump (102), a water discharging pipe (103) is connected to a water discharging port of the water pump (102), the bottom end of the water discharging pipe (103) penetrates through the top of the shell (2), a shunt pipe (104) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the water discharging pipe (103), a fixed block (105) is fixedly connected to the inner top of the shell (2), the fixed block (105) is fixedly connected to the top of the shunt pipe (104), a spray pipe (116) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shunt pipe (104), a spray head (114) is arranged on the front side of the spray pipe (116), a mounting seat (112) is fixedly connected to the top of a base (5), an electric telescopic rod (113) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting seat (112), and a mounting plate (107) is fixedly connected to the tops of the left side and the right side of the shell (2), the improved structure is characterized in that sliding rails (108) are fixedly connected to the inner top of the shell (2) and the top of the base (5), rollers (110) are slidably connected to the inner sides of the sliding rails (108), fixed supports (106) are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the rollers (110), and fixing clamps (109) are arranged on the front sides of the fixed supports (106).

2. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the right side of the fixed support (106) is fixedly connected with a bearing block (111), four spray pipes (116) are arranged, and the front side and the rear side of the slide rails (108) are uniformly distributed on the four spray pipes (116).

3. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a cleaning brush, including casing (2), the equal fixedly connected with dead lever (115) of front side and interior rear side in casing (2), two dead lever (115) opposite face equal fixedly connected with cleaning brush (117).

4. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: slide rail (108) top left and right sides all is provided with mounting panel (107), slide rail (108) run through in casing (2) and extend to outside casing (2).

5. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: edulcoration mechanism (6) are including collecting box (602), bottom in collecting box (602) fixed connection in base (5), the inboard fixedly connected with baffle (604) of collecting box (602), the inboard fixedly connected with filter screen (603) of collecting box (602), filter screen (603) bottom fixed connection is at baffle (604) top, the bottom is provided with blow off pipe (605) in collecting box (602), collecting vat (606) have been seted up at base (5) top, bottom and collecting box (602) are inside to be linked together in collecting vat (606).

6. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom end of the water pumping pipe (101) penetrates through the rear side of the collecting box (602) and extends into the collecting box (602), and the right side of the bottom in the collecting box (602) is arranged on an inclined plane.

7. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the inside of the sewage draining pipe (605) is provided with a control valve, and the bottom end of the water pumping pipe (101) is fixedly connected with a filter head (601).

8. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: drying mechanism (4) include first baffle (401), first baffle (401) fixed connection is inboard in casing (2), casing (2) top fixedly connected with fixing base (404), fixing base (404) bottom fixedly connected with heating pipe (403), inside drying chamber (402) that is provided with of casing (2), the inboard fixedly connected with second baffle (405) of casing (2).

9. A filter cloth cleaning integrated apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: first baffle (401) and second baffle (405) are the U type setting, slide rail (108) left end runs through in second baffle (405) and first baffle (401) in proper order and extend outside casing (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation equipment, in particular to a filter cloth cleaning integrated device.

Background

A mechanical device for dialyzing liquid by applying a certain pressure to a subject by using a special filter medium in a filter press is a common solid-liquid separation device. The filter plate is applied to chemical production at the beginning of the 18 th century, is still widely applied to industries such as chemical industry, pharmacy, metallurgy, dye, food, brewing, ceramics, environmental protection and the like until now, and has stable performance, convenient operation, safety and labor saving; the metal squeezing cylinder is formed by processing a seamless steel pipe and precisely casting a plastic steel filter plate, is resistant to high temperature and high pressure and durable in use, and the filter cloth is a filter medium woven by natural fibers or synthetic fibers. Including a metal mesh or screen. Mainly be applied to filtration and cleaing away the dust, the collection dirt powder, with air-purifying, the environmental protection, in the smelting plant, chemical plant, the sugaring, the dyestuff, medicine, industry such as food, in the use, can be at filter surface mounting filter cloth usually, the filter effect can worsen after using a period of time at the filter, just need wash the filter cloth, current filter cloth belt cleaning device most function singleness, fix the filter cloth from the horizontal direction during washing, the unable clean-up of impurity on filter cloth surface during the washing, influence the filter effect that uses next time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a filter cloth cleaning integrated device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a filter cloth washs integrated device, includes the casing, casing bottom fixedly connected with base, the inside clearance mechanism that is provided with of casing, the inside stoving mechanism that is provided with of casing, the casing openly is provided with observation window, bottom fixedly connected with edulcoration mechanism in the base.

The cleaning mechanism comprises a water pump which is fixedly connected with the top of the shell, a water pumping pipe is clamped at a water pumping port of the water pump, a water outlet pipe is clamped at the water outlet of the water pump, the bottom end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the top of the shell, a flow dividing pipe is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the water outlet pipe, the top in the shell is fixedly connected with a fixed block which is fixedly connected with the top of the shunt pipe, the bottom of the shunt pipe is fixedly connected with a spray pipe, the front side of the spray pipe is provided with a spray head, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the top of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, the tops of the left side and the right side of the shell are fixedly connected with mounting plates, the top of the shell and the top of the base are both fixedly connected with slide rails, the inner sides of the slide rails are connected with rollers in a sliding way, the bottom of the roller is fixedly connected with a fixed support, and a fixed clamp is arranged on the front side of the fixed support.

Preferably, fixed bolster right side fixedly connected with holds the piece, the spray tube is provided with four, and both sides around four spray tube evenly distributed slide rails accept the piece and prevent that electric telescopic handle from directly using the fixed bolster, cause the damage of fixed bolster, and the spray tube is provided with four, can wash the filter cloth from both sides around the filter cloth, and the left spray tube of shunt tubes can carry out the secondary to the filter cloth that the brush was scrubbed in the clearance simultaneously and wash, has promoted abluent effect.

Preferably, the equal fixedly connected with dead lever of front side and interior rear side in the casing, the equal fixedly connected with cleaning brush of two dead lever opposite faces, the fixed rod is fixed the cleaning brush, and the cleaning brush can be cleared up the filter cloth from both sides around the filter cloth, improves the cleaning effect.

Preferably, the slide rail top left and right sides all is provided with the mounting panel, the slide rail runs through in the casing and extends to outside the casing, and the mounting panel plays the guard action to the slide rail.

Preferably, the edulcoration mechanism includes the collecting box, collecting box fixed connection is bottom in the base, the inboard fixedly connected with baffle of collecting box, the inboard fixedly connected with filter screen of collecting box, filter screen bottom fixed connection is at the baffle top, the bottom is provided with the blow off pipe in the collecting box, the collecting vat has been seted up at the base top, the bottom is linked together with the collecting box is inside in the collecting vat.

Preferably, the bottom end of the water pumping pipe penetrates through the rear side of the collecting box and extends into the collecting box, the right side of the bottom in the collecting box is arranged on an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is convenient for cleaning impurities.

Preferably, the blow off pipe inboard is provided with the control valve, the bottom end fixedly connected with filter head draws water, and the impurity of control valve convenience in regular period in to the collecting box through the blow off pipe clears up, and the filter head prevents that the aquatic from not causing the damage of water pump in entering into the water pump by the filterable impurity of filter screen, causes the secondary pollution to the filter cloth simultaneously.

Preferably, the drying mechanism comprises a first partition plate, the first partition plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell, a fixing seat is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, a heating pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing seat, a drying chamber is arranged in the shell, and a second partition plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell.

Preferably, first baffle and second baffle are the setting of U type, the slide rail left end runs through in second baffle and first baffle in proper order and extend out outside the casing, and first baffle and second baffle can make things convenient for the fixed bolster to pass from first baffle and second baffle for the setting of U type, and first baffle and second baffle play heat retaining effect simultaneously, promote the stoving effect, and the slide rail extends out and can conveniently take off fixed bolster fixed surface's filter cloth outside the casing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the filter cloth cleaning integrated device is provided with a cleaning mechanism, cleaning water is filled into a collecting box in the using process, filter cloth to be cleaned is fixed through a fixing clamp fixedly connected with the front side of a fixing support, a water pump is started, the water pump extracts water in the collecting box through a water pumping pipe and flows into shunt pipes on two sides through drain pipes, the water in the shunt pipes is sprayed out through spray nozzles on the front side of spray pipes, an electric telescopic rod is started and pushes the fixing support to move into a shell through a bearing block, the spray nozzles on the right side of the shunt pipes firstly carry out primary washing on the filter cloth to be cleaned, when the fixing support continues to move leftwards, cleaning brushes clean impurities on the surface of the filter cloth, the impurities adsorbed on the surface of the filter cloth are loosened or directly washed and dropped under the action of the cleaning brushes, and the filter cloth brushed by the cleaning brushes continues to move leftwards, the filter cloth after the left spray tube of shunt tubes is washd the cleaning brush carries out the secondary and washes, can drop further washing of not hard up impurity, enter into inside the edulcoration mechanism through the collecting vat, the device can prevent effectively that impurity residue from appearing on the filter cloth when wasing in the filter cloth through with filter cloth vertical fixation from adsorbing on the filter cloth surface, both sides are washed the filter cloth tentatively and are washd and the secondary is washed around the filter cloth through following the filter cloth simultaneously, can be with the thorough sanitization of the impurity on filter cloth surface, the abluent effect has been promoted greatly, filter cloth used repeatedly's filter effect has been improved.

2. This filter cloth washs integrated device, through setting up edulcoration mechanism, in the use, clearance mechanism produces the waste water that contains a large amount of impurity and collects the back through the collecting vat to filter cloth cleaning process, the rethread collecting vat gets into to collect the incasement, waste water in the collecting vat receives the back that blocks of baffle, greatly reduced the velocity of flow, impurity in the waste water mostly can the support deposit in the collecting vat bottom, waste water after the sediment passes through the filter screen and filters the back and goes into to collect the case left side, after through rose head secondary filtration, used repeatedly after being extracted through the suction pipe by the water pump, regularly clear up the impurity of collecting in the collecting vat through the blow off pipe, thereby improve the quality of the water of secondary use in the collecting vat, the utilization ratio of water resource has been promoted, the device's practicality has been increased.

3. This integrated device is washd to filter cloth, through setting up stoving mechanism, in the use, the start-up heating pipe, the filter cloth that clears up through clearance mechanism continues the motion left under electric telescopic handle's effect, enters into the drying chamber after through the second baffle, carries out preliminary stoving to the filter cloth after wasing through the heating pipe, and the filter cloth after the stoving is convenient to be collected, prevents effectively that the filter cloth from other impurity of surface adsorption after wasing to influence the filter effect of filter cloth.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front side of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the front part of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic left side view partially in section of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the cleaning structure A of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the drying mechanism B of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a cleaning mechanism; 101. a water pumping pipe; 102. a water pump; 103. a drain pipe; 104. a shunt tube; 105. a fixed block; 106. fixing a bracket; 107. mounting a plate; 108. a slide rail; 109. a fixing clip; 110. a roller; 111. a bearing block; 112. a mounting seat; 113. an electric telescopic rod; 114. a spray head; 115. fixing the rod; 116. a nozzle; 117. cleaning a brush; 2. a housing; 3. an observation window; 4. a drying mechanism; 401. a first separator; 402. a drying chamber; 403. heating a tube; 404. a fixed seat; 405. a second separator; 5. a base; 6. an impurity removal mechanism; 601. a filter head; 602. a collection box; 603. a filter screen; 604. a baffle plate; 605. a blow-off pipe; 606. and (4) collecting the tank.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a filter cloth washs integrated device, includes casing 2, 2 bottom fixedly connected with bases 5 of casing, and 2 inside clearance mechanisms 1 that are provided with of casing, 2 inside stoving mechanisms 4 that are provided with of casing, 2 openly are provided with observation window 3 of casing, and bottom fixedly connected with edulcoration mechanism 6 in the base 5.

The cleaning mechanism 1 comprises a water pump 102, the water pump 102 is fixedly connected to the top of a shell 2, a water pumping pipe 101 is clamped at a water pumping port of the water pump 102, a water discharging pipe 103 is clamped at a water discharging port of the water pump 102, the bottom end of the water discharging pipe 103 penetrates through the top of the shell 2, a shunt pipe 104 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the water discharging pipe 103, a fixed block 105 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner top of the shell 2, the fixed block 105 is fixedly connected to the top of the shunt pipe 104, a spraying pipe 116 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shunt pipe 104, a spraying head 114 is arranged on the front side of the spraying pipe 116, a mounting seat 112 is fixedly connected to the top of a base 5, an electric telescopic rod 113 is fixedly connected to the tops of the left side and the right side of the shell 2, slide rails 108 are fixedly connected to the tops of the left side and the right side of the shell 5, rollers 110 are slidably connected to rollers 110, the slide rails 108 penetrate through the shell 2 and extend out of the shell 2, and fixed supports 106 are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the rollers 110, the right side of a fixed support 106 is fixedly connected with a bearing block 111, four spray pipes 116 are arranged, the four spray pipes 116 are uniformly distributed on the front side and the rear side of a slide rail 108, a fixing clamp 109 is arranged on the front side of the fixed support 106, fixing rods 115 are fixedly connected on the front side and the rear side in a shell 2, cleaning brushes 117 are fixedly connected on opposite surfaces of the two fixing rods 115, mounting plates 107 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the slide rail 108, cleaning water is filled into a collecting box 602 through the cleaning mechanism 1 in the using process, filter cloth to be cleaned is fixed through the fixing clamp 109 fixedly connected on the front side of the fixed support 106, a water pump 102 is started, the water in the collecting box 602 is extracted through a water pumping pipe 101 by the water pump 102 and flows into shunt pipes 104 on two sides through a water discharging pipe 103, the water in the shunt pipes 104 is sprayed out through spray nozzles 114 on the front side of the spray pipes 116, an electric telescopic rod 113 is started, the electric telescopic rod 113 pushes the fixed support 106 to move into the shell 2 through the bearing block 111, the spray nozzles 114 on the right side of the shunt pipe 104 firstly carry out primary washing on the filter cloth to be washed, when the fixed support 106 continues to move the cleaning brush 117 leftwards to wash impurities on the surface of the filter cloth, the impurities adsorbed on the surface of the filter cloth are loosened or directly washed and dropped off under the action of the cleaning brush 117, the filter cloth washed by the cleaning brush 117 continues to move leftwards, the spray pipes 116 on the left side of the shunt pipe 104 carry out secondary washing on the filter cloth washed by the cleaning brush 117, the loosened impurities can be further washed and dropped off, the filter cloth enters the impurity removing mechanism 6 through the collecting groove 606, the device can effectively prevent the impurity residues from being adsorbed on the surface of the filter cloth when the filter cloth is washed by vertically fixing the filter cloth, the spray pipes 116 are provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 114 on the surface, the different positions on the surface of the filter cloth can be washed, the washed impurities enter the collecting groove 606 along with water flow, until the filter cloth is cleaned, the cleaning progress of the filter cloth can be observed through the observation window 3, so that the extension of the electric telescopic rod 113 is controlled, the filter cloth is primarily washed, scrubbed and secondarily washed from the front side and the rear side of the filter cloth, impurities on the surface of the filter cloth can be thoroughly cleaned, the cleaning effect is greatly improved, the filtering effect of repeated use of the filter cloth is improved, four corners of the filter cloth are fixed on the surface of the fixed support 106, the filter cloth is prevented from being rolled in the cleaning process, and the phenomenon that the filter cloth is not thoroughly cleaned is avoided.

The impurity removing mechanism 6 comprises a collecting box 602, the collecting box 602 is fixedly connected to the bottom in the base 5, a baffle 604 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the collecting box 602, a filter screen 603 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the collecting box 602, the bottom of the filter screen 603 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 604, a drain pipe 605 is arranged at the bottom in the collecting box 602, a control valve is arranged at the inner side of the drain pipe 605, a collecting tank 606 is arranged at the top of the base 5, the bottom in the collecting tank 606 is communicated with the inside of the collecting box 602, the bottom end of a water pumping pipe 101 penetrates through the rear side of the collecting box 602 and extends into the inside of the collecting box 602, a filter head 601 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the water pumping pipe 101, the right side of the bottom in the collecting box 602 is arranged in an inclined plane, by arranging the impurity removing mechanism 6, in the using process, the waste water containing a large amount of impurities generated in the filter cloth cleaning process enters the collecting box 602 through the collecting tank 606, the waste water is blocked by the baffle 604, greatly reduced the velocity of flow, impurity in the waste water mostly can the support deposit in collecting box 602 bottom, and the waste water after the sediment passes through filter screen 603 and filters the back and gets into collecting box 602 left side, is filtering the back through rose 601 secondary, is used repeatedly by water pump 102 through drinking-water pipe 101 extraction back, has promoted the utilization ratio of water resource, has increased the device's practicality.

The drying mechanism 4 comprises a first partition board 401, the first partition board 401 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell 2, a fixed seat 404 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 2, a heating pipe 403 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed seat 404, a drying chamber 402 is arranged inside the shell 2, a second partition board 405 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell 2, the first partition board 401 and the second partition board 405 are both in a U-shaped arrangement, the left end of the sliding rail 108 sequentially penetrates through the second partition board 405 and the first partition board 401 and extends out of the shell 2, by arranging the drying mechanism 4, in the using process, the heating pipe 403 is started, the filter cloth cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 1 continues to move leftwards under the action of the electric telescopic rod 113, enters the drying chamber 402 after passing through the second partition board 405, the cleaned filter cloth is primarily dried by the heating pipe 403, the dried filter cloth is convenient to collect, and other impurities are effectively prevented from being adsorbed on the surface of the cleaned filter cloth, thereby affecting the filtering effect of the filter cloth.

In the actual operation process, when the device is used, cleaning water is filled into the collecting tank 602, the filter cloth to be cleaned is fixed through the fixing clamp 109 fixedly connected with the front side of the fixing support 106, the water pump 102 is started, the water pump 102 pumps water in the collecting tank 602 through the water pumping pipe 101 and then flows into the branch pipes 104 at two sides through the water drainage pipe 103, the water in the branch pipes 104 is sprayed out through the spray nozzles 114 at the front side of the spray pipes 116, the electric telescopic rod 113 is started, the electric telescopic rod 113 pushes the fixing support 106 to move towards the inside of the shell 2 through the bearing block 111, the spray nozzles 114 at the right side of the branch pipes 104 firstly carry out primary washing on the filter cloth to be cleaned, when the fixing support 106 continuously moves towards the left to wash impurities on the surface of the filter cloth, the impurities adsorbed on the surface of the filter cloth are loosened or directly washed and dropped off under the action of the cleaning brush 117, the filter cloth brushed by the cleaning brush 117 continuously moves towards the left, the spray pipe 116 on the left side of the shunt pipe 104 carries out secondary washing on the filter cloth brushed by the cleaning brush 117, loose impurities can be further washed and dropped, wastewater containing a large amount of impurities generated in the cleaning process enters the collecting box 602 through the collecting tank 606, the flow rate of the wastewater in the collecting box 602 is greatly reduced after being blocked by the baffle 604, most of the impurities in the wastewater are deposited at the bottom of the collecting box 602 by a bracket, the deposited wastewater enters the left side of the collecting box 602 after being filtered by the filter screen 603, and is repeatedly used after being secondarily filtered by the filter head 601 and being extracted by the water pump 102 through the water pumping pipe 101, meanwhile, the heating pipe 403 is started, the filter cloth cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 1 continues to move leftwards under the action of the electric telescopic rod 113, enters the drying chamber 402 after passing through the second baffle 405, and is primarily dried by the heating pipe 403, the dried filter cloth can be put into a collecting container and continuously used for the second time after the second drying treatment.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "comprising", without further limitation, means that the element so defined is not excluded from the group consisting of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.