High-strength flame-retardant insulation board and preparation method thereof

文档序号：1916296 发布日期：2021-12-03 浏览：7次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种高强度阻燃保温板及其制备方法 (High-strength flame-retardant insulation board and preparation method thereof ) 是由张鸿于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高强度阻燃保温板,包括以下重量份数的原料：聚苯乙烯80～85份,氯化聚乙烯3～7份,相容剂2～3份,改性膨胀石墨8～12份,微胶囊化红磷2～3份,改性二氧化硅气凝胶1～3份,发泡剂5～10份。本发明通过将原料预混合及熔融混合、加压挤出、拉条冷却,切粒得到石墨聚苯板颗粒；再与发泡剂混合,然后加入挤塑机中挤压成型,经陈化养护得高强度阻燃保温板。本发明制备的保温板具有优异的耐冲击性和阻燃性,防水性好；并且方法简单,原料易得、保温板成本低。(The invention discloses a high-strength flame-retardant insulation board which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-85 parts of polystyrene, 3-7 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 2-3 parts of a compatilizer, 8-12 parts of modified expanded graphite, 2-3 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 1-3 parts of modified silica aerogel and 5-10 parts of a foaming agent. The method comprises the steps of premixing and melting raw materials, extruding under pressure, drawing strips, cooling, and granulating to obtain graphite polystyrene board particles; then mixing with foaming agent, adding into extruding machine to extrude and form, aging and curing to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board. The insulation board prepared by the invention has excellent impact resistance and flame retardance, and good waterproofness; the method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost of the insulation board is low.)

1. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

80-85 parts of polystyrene, 3-7 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 2-3 parts of a compatilizer, 8-12 parts of modified expanded graphite, 2-3 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 1-3 parts of modified silica aerogel and 5-10 parts of a foaming agent.

2. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polystyrene to the chlorinated polyethylene is (15-25): 1; preferably, the compatilizer comprises polycaprolactone and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone to the calcium stearate is (3-5): 1.

3. the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the modified expandable graphite is prepared by the following method:

dispersing the expanded graphite in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, adding titanate, heating and ultrasonically dipping, taking out the expandable graphite, and drying in an oven to obtain the modified expanded graphite.

4. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the expanded graphite to the titanate is (20-25): 1, the particle size of the expanded graphite is 300-500 meshes; preferably, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the ultrasonic dipping stirring time is 2-3 h; the drying temperature is 85 ℃.

5. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the microencapsulated red phosphorus is 6-15 μm.

6. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the modified silica aerogel is obtained by modifying the surface of silica aerogel particles by using a silane coupling agent.

7. The high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to claim 6, wherein the silane coupling agent is isobutyl triethoxysilane or methyl trimethoxysilane, and the amount of the silane coupling agent is 1.0-2.5% of the mass of the silica aerogel particles; preferably, the particle size of the silica aerogel particles is 5-20 μm.

8. The use of the high strength flame retardant insulation panel of any one of claims 1 to 7 in exterior wall insulation.

9. The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing raw materials, and uniformly mixing polystyrene, chlorinated polyethylene and half of compatilizer by mass to obtain a blend material;

(2) uniformly mixing the blend obtained in the step (1) with modified expanded graphite, microencapsulated red phosphorus, modified silica aerogel and the rest compatilizer to obtain a mixture;

(3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into an extruder for melting and mixing, pressurizing and extruding, bracing and cooling, and granulating to obtain graphite polystyrene board particles;

(4) and (4) mixing the graphite polystyrene board particles obtained in the step (3) with a foaming agent, adding the mixture into an extruding machine for extrusion forming to obtain a graphite polystyrene board, and aging and curing to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of each zone of the extruder is in the range of 190 to 250 ℃ and the rotation speed of the main machine is in the range of 400 to 900 rpm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of insulation boards, in particular to a high-strength flame-retardant insulation board and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The existing heat insulation materials for the external wall heat insulation are mainly divided into two categories of inorganic heat insulation materials and organic heat insulation materials, but the materials generally have the defect that the energy conservation and the fire prevention can not be considered at the same time. Organic materials are poor in heat resistance and easy to burn, and release a large amount of heat during burning to generate a large amount of toxic smoke, so that the fire spread can be accelerated, and trapped people and rescue personnel are easy to injure and die. The fire can be quickly burnt in case of fire, and the dripping and melting condition is easily generated, so that the fire is accelerated or spread. The inorganic material has the accident of personnel and financial loss caused by the whole falling of the heat insulation layer due to low tensile strength.

The graphite polystyrene board is one of the most commonly used external wall insulation boards, is a product of further refining the expanded polystyrene of the classical insulation material by a chemical method, can reflect heat radiation due to the doping of graphite particles in the polystyrene, and contains an infrared absorber capable of greatly improving the heat insulation performance, thereby reducing heat loss, so that the heat insulation performance of the polystyrene board is more obviously improved compared with the common EPS (polystyrene foam). The heat conductivity coefficient of the graphite polystyrene board reaches 0.030-0.032W/m.K, and the graphite polystyrene board can effectively improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emission. However, the graphite polystyrene board is added with high melting point graphite, so that the overall impact resistance of polystyrene is affected, and meanwhile, graphite powder is very easy to agglomerate in polystyrene, so that the graphite polystyrene board is difficult to disperse uniformly, and the final performance of the graphite polystyrene board is greatly affected. Although polystyrene has many excellent properties and is widely applied in production and life, polystyrene is easy to burn, and generates a large amount of molten drops to drop during burning, and a large amount of black smoke is accompanied, which greatly threatens the life and property safety of people, and influences the application of polystyrene to a certain extent. Therefore, there is a need for a graphite polystyrene board having both excellent flame retardant properties and high strength impact resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength flame-retardant insulation board and a preparation method thereof. The insulation board prepared by the invention has excellent impact resistance and flame retardance, and good waterproofness; the method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost of the insulation board is low.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a high-strength flame-retardant insulation board, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

Preferably, the mass ratio of the polystyrene to the chlorinated polyethylene is (15-25): 1.

preferably, the compatilizer comprises polycaprolactone and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone to the calcium stearate is (3-5): 1.

preferably, the modified expandable graphite is prepared by the following method:

Preferably, the mass ratio of the expanded graphite to the titanate is (20-25): 1, the particle size of the expanded graphite is 300-500 meshes;

preferably, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the ultrasonic dipping stirring time is 2-3 h; the drying temperature is 85 ℃.

Preferably, the particle size of the microencapsulated red phosphorus is 6-15 μm.

Preferably, the modified silica aerogel is obtained by modifying the surface of silica aerogel particles with a silane coupling agent.

Preferably, the silane coupling agent is isobutyl triethoxysilane or methyl trimethoxysilane, and the using amount of the silane coupling agent is 1.0-2.5% of the mass of the silica aerogel particles;

preferably, the particle size of the silica aerogel particles is 5-20 μm.

In a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides an application of the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board in the insulation of an outer wall.

The third aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant insulation board, which comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing raw materials, and uniformly mixing polystyrene, chlorinated polyethylene and half of compatilizer by mass to obtain a blend material;

(2) uniformly mixing the blend obtained in the step (1) with modified expanded graphite, microencapsulated red phosphorus, modified silica aerogel and the rest compatilizer to obtain a mixture;

Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature range of each area of the extruder is 190-250 ℃, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 400-900 rpm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, chlorinated polyethylene is added into polystyrene, so that the strength and impact resistance of the insulation board are improved, the insulation board is flame-retardant in cooperation with microencapsulated red phosphorus, and the flame retardant property of the insulation board is also improved.

(2) According to the invention, the expanded graphite is modified, so that the compatibility of the graphite and a matrix material is increased, agglomeration is not easy to generate, the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced, and the flexibility of the plate is increased.

(3) According to the invention, by adding the modified silicon dioxide aerogel, the heat conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation material can be further reduced, and the waterproofness of the thermal insulation material is improved.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

As described in the background art, the graphite polystyrene board has the problems of poor flame retardancy, poor impact resistance, low strength, poor water resistance and the like.

Based on the above, the inventor researches halogen, phosphorus, halogen-phosphorus, nitrogen, silicon, aluminum magnesium and other flame retardants to find that the flame retardant effect of the product can be remarkably improved by adding halogen and phosphorus flame retardants to microencapsulate red phosphorus; the content of the chlorinated polyethylene in the formula is too low, and the flame retardance and the mechanical property of the product are not greatly improved; the high content of chlorinated polyethylene affects the flexibility of the product. Therefore, the mass ratio of the polystyrene to the chlorinated polyethylene is (15-25): 1 is preferred; by adding polycaprolactone and calcium stearate as compatilizers, when the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone to the calcium stearate is (3-5): 1, the flame retardance and mechanical properties of the product are optimal.

In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional in the art and commercially available.

Description of the drawings: the chlorinated polyethylene used in the invention has a brand number of 135A and is purchased from Weifang Yaxing chemical Co., Ltd.

Example 1

Preparation of modified expanded graphite

Dispersing 100kg of expanded graphite with the particle size of 300-500 meshes in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, adding 4kg of titanate, heating to 50 ℃, and carrying out ultrasonic impregnation for 3 hours, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 60 kHz. And taking out the expanded graphite, and drying the expanded graphite in an oven at 85 ℃ to obtain the modified expanded graphite.

Example 2

Preparation of modified silica aerogel particles

And (2) adding 2.5kg of isobutyl triethoxysilane into 100kg of silica aerogel particles with the particle size of 0.5-1 mm in a spraying mode once every 5 minutes, and mixing for 1 hour at room temperature to obtain the modified silica aerogel particles.

Example 3

(1) And (3) placing 82.5kg of polystyrene, 5kg of chlorinated polyethylene, 1.0kg of polycaprolactone and 0.25kg of calcium stearate in a double-roller open mill for blending, wherein the roller temperature is 180 ℃, and the open mill is carried out for 20min to obtain a blend material.

(2) And uniformly mixing the blend with 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 2kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel, 1.0kg of polycaprolactone and 0.25kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

(3) Feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of a first zone of the double-screw extruder is 230 ℃, the temperature of a second zone of the double-screw extruder is 235 ℃, the temperature of a third zone of the double-screw extruder is 237 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone of the double-screw extruder is 240 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone of the double-screw extruder is 245 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is 500 rpm; the pore size of the filter was 50 μm. And (4) drawing strips, cooling and cutting into granules to obtain graphite polystyrene board particles after extrusion.

(4) Mixing graphite polystyrene board particles with a foaming agent butane, adding the mixture into an extruding machine for extrusion molding to obtain graphite polystyrene boards, stacking the graphite polystyrene boards in a staggered manner in a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 6 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board.

Example 4

(1) 80kg of polystyrene, 5kg of chlorinated polyethylene, 1.2kg of polycaprolactone and 0.3kg of calcium stearate are mixed in a double-roller open mill, the roller temperature is 180 ℃, and the open mill is carried out for 20min, so as to obtain a mixed material.

(2) And uniformly mixing the mixture with 8kg of modified expanded graphite, 3.0kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 1.0kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel, 1.2kg of polycaprolactone and 0.3kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

Example 5

(1) Placing 85kg of polystyrene, 4.25kg of chlorinated polyethylene, 0.8kg of polycaprolactone and 0.2kg of calcium stearate in a double-roller open mill for blending, wherein the roller temperature is 180 ℃, and opening for 20min to obtain a blend material.

(2) And uniformly mixing the mixture with 12.0kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.0kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 3.0kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.8kg of polycaprolactone and 0.2kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 1

(1) 82.5kg of polystyrene, 10kg of expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus and 2.5kg of calcium stearate are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture.

(2) Feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, wherein the temperature of a first zone of the double-screw extruder is 230 ℃, the temperature of a second zone of the double-screw extruder is 235 ℃, the temperature of a third zone of the double-screw extruder is 237 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone of the double-screw extruder is 240 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone of the double-screw extruder is 245 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is 500 rpm; the pore size of the filter was 50 μm. And (4) drawing strips, cooling and cutting into granules to obtain graphite polystyrene board particles after extrusion.

(3) Mixing graphite polystyrene board particles with a foaming agent butane, adding the mixture into an extruding machine for extrusion molding to obtain graphite polystyrene boards, stacking the graphite polystyrene boards in a staggered manner in a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 6 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant insulation board.

Comparative example 2

(1) 82.5kg of polystyrene, 5kg of chlorinated polyethylene and 1.25kg of calcium stearate are mixed in a double-roll open mill, the roll temperature is 180 ℃, and the open mill is carried out for 20min, so as to obtain a mixed material.

(2) And uniformly mixing the mixture with 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 2kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel and 1.25kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 3

(1) And (3) placing 82.5kg of polystyrene, 5kg of chlorinated polyethylene and 1.25kg of polycaprolactone into a double-roller open mill for blending, wherein the roller temperature is 180 ℃, and the open mill is carried out for 20min to obtain a blended material.

(2) And uniformly mixing the blend with 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 2kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel and 1.25kg of polycaprolactone to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 4

(1) 82.5kg of polystyrene, 2.0kg of polycaprolactone, 0.5kg of calcium stearate, 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus and 2kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 5

(2) And uniformly mixing the blend with 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 1.0kg of polycaprolactone and 0.25kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 6

(2) And uniformly mixing the mixture with 10kg of expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 2kg of modified silicon dioxide aerogel, 1.0kg of polycaprolactone and 0.25kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

Comparative example 7

(2) And uniformly mixing the blend with 10kg of modified expanded graphite, 2.5kg of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 2kg of silicon dioxide aerogel, 1.0kg of polycaprolactone and 0.25kg of calcium stearate to obtain a mixture.

The performance tests were performed on the insulation boards prepared in examples 3 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 7, and the results are shown in table 1.

Testing the impact strength according to GB/T1843-2008 plastic cantilever beam impact strength; testing the tensile strength perpendicular to the plate surface according to GB/T29906-; testing the heat conductivity according to GB/T10294-; testing the oxygen index according to GB/T2408-2008 'determination of plastic combustion performance'; the volume water absorption was tested according to GB/T1034-2008 "determination of Water absorption of plastics".

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the insulation board prepared in example 3 has the best combination properties. Comparative examples 1 to 7 were obtained by omitting a part of the raw materials from example 3. The thermal conductivity coefficient, impact strength, tensile strength, oxygen index and water absorption of the insulation board prepared in the embodiment 3 are all superior or far superior to those of the insulation boards prepared in the comparative examples 1-7, so that the performance of the insulation board prepared in the application can be obtained by simply stacking used raw materials, and can be obtained by synergistic effect among the raw materials. Therefore, the insulation board prepared by the invention has the advantages of excellent thermal insulation performance, good flame retardance, low water absorption, low cost and simple preparation method, and the strength of the insulation board is improved while the flexibility of the insulation board is kept.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

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High-strength flame-retardant insulation board and preparation method thereof

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