阅读说明：本技术 用于制备零部件的组合物以及由其制备的零部件 (Composition for producing a component and component produced therefrom ) 是由 林博 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于制备零部件的组合物以及由其制备的零部件。所述组合物包含：容纳有致孔剂的聚苯乙烯微胶囊；聚苯乙烯树脂；和线性低密度聚乙烯。由本发明的组合物加工零部件工艺简单、生产效率高,适合于大规模生产,且所得零部件具有良好的冲击吸收性能。(The present invention relates to compositions for making parts and parts made therefrom. The composition comprises: a polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen; a polystyrene resin; and linear low density polyethylene. The parts processed by the composition have simple process and high production efficiency, are suitable for large-scale production, and have good impact absorption performance.)

1. A composition for making a part, comprising:

a polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen;

a polystyrene resin; and

linear low density polyethylene.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polystyrene microcapsules have a particle size of 40-60 μm.

3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the porogen is selected from the group consisting of acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and mixtures thereof.

4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mass ratio of the polystyrene microcapsules containing a porogen to the polystyrene resin is from 1:8 to 1:11, preferably from 1:9 to 1: 10.

5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the linear low density polyethylene has a density of from 0.918 to 0.935g/cm³。

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass ratio of the linear low density polyethylene to the polystyrene resin is from 1:3 to 1: 5.

7. A process for producing a part, comprising subjecting the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to hot press forming.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising preparing the composition.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising preparing polystyrene microcapsules containing a porogen.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises:

i) preparation of polystyrene microcapsules containing porogens: adding the polystyrene microcapsule into a pore-foaming agent, and continuously stirring to swell the polystyrene microcapsule so as to fill the pore-foaming agent into the polystyrene microcapsule; then centrifuging, filtering and drying the swollen polystyrene microcapsules in the shade to obtain the polystyrene microcapsules containing the pore-foaming agent;

ii) preparing a composition: uniformly mixing a polystyrene microcapsule containing a pore-foaming agent, linear low-density polyethylene and polystyrene resin to obtain a composition;

iii) hot press forming: placing the composition in a mold and carrying out hot press molding to obtain a part; and

iv) cooling and demolding: and cooling and demolding the part.

11. The method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the hot press forming is carried out at a temperature of 185 ℃ and 205 ℃ and a pressure of 0.5 to 3 MPa.

12. A component part, characterized in that it is prepared with a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

13. The component part according to claim 12, wherein the component part is an automotive component part selected from the group consisting of front and rear bumpers, plastic fenders, plastic tailgate, and plastic canopy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobile part processing. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions for making parts and parts made therefrom.

Background

The concept of the energy absorbing zone of impact was first introduced in the 60's of the 20 th century by mesiders, which was designed to gradually deform the car body in the event of an impact to absorb most, if not all, of the impact energy generated during the accident. After the vehicle body is changed into the deformable design, the strong impact force born by the passenger can be greatly reduced.

The collision of the automobile is often classified as "primary collision", and the collision of the human body with the interior parts of the automobile is often classified as "secondary collision". Thus, the automobile can be divided into two types of areas, namely a passenger safety area and a buffering energy absorption area.

The "primary collision" largely determines the severity of the "secondary collision", and therefore has a great influence on human damage. The control of one-time collision is good, the important significance is realized on reducing the human body injury, and the reasonable design of the characteristics of the buffering and energy absorbing material of the automobile structure is the key of the good control of the one-time collision.

The smaller the deformation of the occupant safety zone in the collision, the better, only from the viewpoint that the occupant is not crushed and injured by the vehicle after being deformed by the collision. The large overall rigidity of the buffering energy-absorbing area is required to ensure that the deformation of the passenger safety area is small, but the too large rigidity of the buffering energy-absorbing area can influence the buffering energy-absorbing performance of an automobile. From the perspective of buffering and energy absorption, the rigidity of the buffering and energy absorption area should be small enough, and the deformation should be large enough, which leads to the contradiction between small deformation of the passenger safety area and large deformation of the buffering and energy absorption area.

In order to solve the contradiction, the research and development of the energy absorption material can achieve the effect of getting twice with half the effort except for improving the design of the automobile energy absorption structure. Generally, the traditional energy-absorbing material is prepared by foaming or hole making by using low-boiling-point liquid, so that the processing conditions are complicated, the efficiency is low, and the energy-absorbing effect is not obvious.

Therefore, it is desirable to find new energy absorbing materials with which parts can be processed with a simple process and high production efficiency and which provide parts with good impact absorption properties.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel energy-absorbing material, which is used for processing parts and components, and has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency and good impact absorption performance of the obtained parts and components.

According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition for the preparation of a component, characterized in that it comprises:

a polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen;

a polystyrene resin; and

linear low density polyethylene.

According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a component, characterized by comprising subjecting the above composition to hot press molding.

According to a third aspect, the invention provides a component, characterized in that it is prepared with the above composition.

The parts processed by the composition have simple process and high production efficiency, are suitable for large-scale production, and have good impact absorption performance.

Drawings

The invention will be described and explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the microcapsule prepared in example 1.

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of a cross section of the part prepared in example 1.

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of a cross section of the part prepared in example 2.

Detailed Description

Various aspects of the invention and still further objects, features and advantages will be more fully apparent hereinafter.

According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition for the preparation of a component, characterized in that it comprises:

a polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen;

a polystyrene resin; and

linear low density polyethylene.

In the present application, the term "polystyrene microcapsule" is different from the term "polystyrene resin". The polystyrene microcapsules are hollow shells formed of polystyrene. The polystyrene resin is solid polystyrene.

In the present application, the term "polystyrene microcapsule" is different from the term "polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen". When the former is mentioned, the polystyrene microcapsule does not contain a porogen therein.

In the case of the polystyrene microcapsule and the polystyrene resin, the polystyrene may be those generally used for processing automobile parts.

Preferably, the particle size of the polystyrene microcapsule is 40 μm to 60 μm.

Preferably, the porogen is selected from the group consisting of acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and mixtures thereof.

The polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen may be prepared by: adding the polystyrene microcapsule into a pore-foaming agent, and stirring to swell the polystyrene microcapsule so as to fill the pore-foaming agent into the polystyrene microcapsule; the swollen polystyrene microcapsules were then centrifuged, filtered and dried in the shade.

Preferably, the stirring is performed such that the time for filling the polystyrene microcapsules with the porogen may be about 30 minutes or more, for example, about 30 to 60 minutes.

The person skilled in the art can adjust the centrifugation process parameters according to practice, for example at a centrifugation speed of 3000-.

The polystyrene microcapsules can be obtained commercially or prepared by themselves.

For example, polystyrene microcapsules can be prepared as follows:

(1) uniformly mixing styrene dissolved with initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, methyl methacrylate and molten n-hexadecane to obtain a solution A;

(2) dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water;

(3) adding the solution A into the system in the step (2), introducing nitrogen for protection, then heating to 60 ℃, and stirring and emulsifying at the rotating speed of 1200-1800 r/min for 30 min;

(4) heating the system in the step (3) to 80 ℃, and continuously stirring and polymerizing for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 400 r/min; and after the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water, performing reduced pressure suction filtration, and naturally drying to obtain the polystyrene microcapsule.

The polystyrene microcapsule comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 100 parts of styrene, 100 parts of n-hexadecane, 30 parts of methyl methacrylate, 2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 60 parts of deionized water.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen to the polystyrene resin is 1:8 to 1:11, more preferably 1:9 to 1: 10.

The linear low density polyethylene may be those commonly used for processing automobile parts.

Preferably, the linear low density polyethylene has a density of 0.918 to 0.935g/cm³。

The density of the linear low density polyethylene was tested using GB 1033-1986.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the linear low density polyethylene to the polystyrene resin is 1:3 to 1: 5.

The composition may be prepared by uniformly mixing a polystyrene microcapsule containing a porogen, linear low density polyethylene and a polystyrene resin.

By coating the pore-forming agent (such as acetone) in the microcapsule, the pore-forming agent can be well dispersed in the matrix in the initial mixing process, the non-uniformity of the subsequently formed cavity is avoided, and the volatilization of the pore-forming agent can be avoided before the matrix is melted. The preparation process of the composition is simple and is suitable for large-scale production.

According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a component, characterized by comprising subjecting the above composition to hot press molding.

Specifically, the method comprises placing the composition in a mold and hot-press molding, and then cooling and demolding.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises preparing the above composition.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises preparing polystyrene microcapsules containing a porogen.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the method comprises:

i) preparation of polystyrene microcapsules containing porogens: adding the polystyrene microcapsule into a pore-foaming agent, and continuously stirring to swell the polystyrene microcapsule so as to fill the pore-foaming agent into the polystyrene microcapsule; then centrifuging, filtering and drying the swollen polystyrene microcapsules in the shade to obtain the polystyrene microcapsules containing the pore-foaming agent;

ii) preparing a composition: uniformly mixing a polystyrene microcapsule containing a pore-foaming agent, linear low-density polyethylene and polystyrene resin to obtain a composition;

iii) hot press forming: placing the composition in a mold and carrying out hot press molding to obtain a part; and

iv) cooling and demolding: and cooling and demolding the part.

Preferably, the hot press molding is performed at a temperature of 185-205 ℃ and a pressure of 0.5-3 MPa.

Cooling may be performed by air cooling, water cooling, or the like.

In the hot pressing process of the composition, small bubbles can be generated in the volatilization process of a pore-forming agent in the polystyrene microcapsule, and an irregular wormhole structure can be formed in the matrix along with the increase of pressure, so that the irregular wormhole structure can well absorb energy brought by impact when the impact is applied, and the prepared part has good impact absorption performance.

According to a third aspect, the invention provides a component, characterized in that it is prepared with the above composition.

The parts can be, for example, front and rear bumpers, plastic fenders, plastic tailgate, plastic canopy, etc.

In some embodiments, the part is an automotive part selected from the group consisting of front and rear bumpers, plastic fenders, plastic tailgate, and plastic hood.

The terms "comprising" and "including" as used herein encompass the case where other elements not explicitly mentioned are also included or included and the case where they consist of the mentioned elements.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In the event that a definition of a term in this specification conflicts with a meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, the definition set forth herein shall govern.

Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, temperatures, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth herein are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties to be obtained.

Examples

The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments herein are for illustrative purposes only and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Part of the raw material description:

linear low density polyethylene: available from DOW corporation under the designation 2645G.

Polystyrene resin: commercially available from central national security company under the designation GPPS-525.

Example 1

The polystyrene microcapsules can be prepared as follows:

(1) uniformly mixing styrene dissolved with initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, methyl methacrylate and molten n-hexadecane to obtain a solution A;

(2) dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water;

(3) adding the solution A into the system in the step (2), introducing nitrogen for protection, then heating to 60 ℃, and stirring and emulsifying at the rotating speed of 1800 r/min for 30 min;

(4) heating the system in the step (3) to 80 ℃, and continuously stirring and polymerizing for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 400 r/min; after the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water, carrying out vacuum filtration, and naturally drying to obtain the polystyrene microcapsule with the average diameter of 40-60 mu m.

The polystyrene microcapsule comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 100 parts of styrene, 100 parts of n-hexadecane, 30 parts of methyl methacrylate, 2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 60 parts of deionized water.

A scanning electron micrograph of the microcapsules prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 1. The diameter of the obtained polystyrene microcapsules was 60 μm.

Polystyrene microcapsules having an average diameter of 60 μm were added to acetone, stirred for about 30 minutes to swell the polystyrene microcapsules, and the polystyrene microcapsules were filled with acetone to obtain a mixed solution.

The above mixture was centrifuged at 4200rpm, filtered and dried in the shade to obtain polystyrene microcapsules containing acetone.

Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) and polystyrene resin were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4 in a mixer-blender, and polystyrene microcapsules containing acetone were added so that the mass ratio of the polystyrene microcapsules containing acetone to the polystyrene mixture resin was 1:10, and after 5min of stirring, a composition was obtained.

Placing the composition in a hot-press forming machine, and carrying out hot-press forming at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 2 MPa; and (5) cooling the material after opening the die to obtain the part.

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross section of the obtained part, and the irregular wormhole structure can be obviously seen from FIG. 2.

Example 2

Polystyrene microcapsules were prepared as described in reference example 1, except that the rotation speed used in step (3) was 1200 r/min. The diameter of the obtained polystyrene microcapsules was 40 μm.

Polystyrene microcapsules having an average diameter of 40 μm were added to acetone, stirred for about 30 minutes to swell the polystyrene microcapsules, and the polystyrene microcapsules were filled with acetone to obtain a mixed solution.

The above mixture was centrifuged at 4200rpm, filtered and dried in the shade to prepare polystyrene microcapsules containing acetone.

Mixing linear low-density polyethylene and polystyrene resin in a mass ratio of 1:4 in a mixer-blender, adding the polystyrene microcapsule containing acetone so that the mass ratio of the polystyrene microcapsule containing acetone to the polystyrene mixture resin is 1:10, and stirring for 5min to obtain the composition.

Placing the composition in a hot-press forming machine, and carrying out hot-press forming at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 2 MPa; and (5) cooling the material after opening the die to obtain the part.

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross section of the obtained part, and the irregular wormhole structure can be obviously seen from FIG. 3.

Example 3

Polystyrene microcapsules having an average diameter of 60 μm were added to acetone, stirred for about 30 minutes to swell the polystyrene microcapsules, and the polystyrene microcapsules were filled with acetone to obtain a mixed solution.

The above mixture was centrifuged at 4200rpm, filtered and dried in the shade to prepare polystyrene microcapsules containing acetone.

Mixing linear low-density polyethylene and polystyrene resin in a mass ratio of 1:4 in a mixer-blender, adding the polystyrene microcapsule containing acetone so that the mass ratio of the polystyrene microcapsule containing acetone to the polystyrene mixture resin is 1:8, and stirring for 5min to obtain the composition.

Placing the composition in a hot-press forming machine, and carrying out hot-press forming at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 2 MPa; and (5) cooling the material after opening the die to obtain the part.

Comparative example 1

The linear low density polyethylene and the polystyrene resin are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4 in a mixer-agitator, and the mixture is agitated for 5min to obtain the composition.

Placing the composition in a hot-press forming machine, and carrying out hot-press forming at the temperature of 200 ℃ and the pressure of 2 MPa; and (5) cooling the material after opening the die to obtain the part.

Performance characterization

The density, the repulsive stress at 0.1mm compression and the impact absorbability of the parts obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were measured.

Wherein the repulsive stress at 0.1mm compression is tested according to standard GB/T7757-2009.

Impact absorption was tested as follows:

an impact force (F) when the steel ball was caused to collide only with the support plate was measured using an impact tester (pendulum tester)₀) And an impact force (F) when the steel ball is collided with the support plate in a state that the prepared component is inserted between the fixing jig and the support plate₁) The impact absorbability was determined by the formula (1).

Formula (1): impact absorbability (%) = (F)₀-F₁)/F₀×100

The test results are summarized in table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from fig. 2, fig. 3 and table 1, the impact absorption material of the polystyrene-lldpe has a distinct irregular wormhole structure, which makes the material itself have a higher impact energy absorption effect, which can also be verified by the corresponding data measured in table 1.

As is clear from table 1: the part produced by using the composition of the present invention was significantly improved in impact absorbability as compared with the part produced in comparative example 1.

The foregoing describes only exemplary embodiments or examples of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. The present invention may be modified and varied by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present application.