阅读说明：本技术 利用废溴化物制备土壤改良剂的方法 (Method for preparing soil conditioner by using waste bromide ) 是由 张立民 张东旭 于 2021-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用废溴化物制备土壤改良剂的方法,属于土壤改良剂领域,其特征在于,以农药或医药企业产生的废溴化物为原料,首先向废溴化物中加入适量水,使其溶解或稀释,加入硫酸,调整pH=2,配制好的溶液静置一段时间,使溶液充分分层、澄清,泵入蒸馏塔,开启蒸汽温塔,缓慢加温至塔顶温度达70℃时,向其中通入氯气,保持塔顶温度75-78℃,所得蒸馏废液作为土壤改良剂原料；本发明不仅解决了危险废物的排放和污染问题,同时又变废为宝,生产土壤改良剂,大大提高了经济效益,具有巨大的经济价值。(The invention relates to a method for preparing soil conditioner by using waste bromide, which belongs to the field of soil conditioner and is characterized in that waste bromide generated by pesticide or pharmaceutical enterprises is used as a raw material, proper amount of water is firstly added into the waste bromide to dissolve or dilute the waste bromide, sulfuric acid is added, the pH =2 is adjusted, the prepared solution is kept stand for a period of time to fully layer and clarify the solution, the solution is pumped into a distillation tower, a steam warm tower is opened, chlorine is introduced into the distillation tower when the temperature of the top of the tower is up to 70 ℃, the temperature of the top of the tower is kept between 75 and 78 ℃, and the obtained distillation waste liquid is used as the raw material of the soil conditioner; the invention not only solves the problems of discharge and pollution of hazardous wastes, but also changes waste into valuable, produces the soil conditioner, greatly improves the economic benefit and has great economic value.)

1. A method for preparing soil conditioner by using waste bromide is characterized in that waste bromide generated by pesticide or medical enterprises is used as a raw material, proper amount of water is added into the waste bromide to dissolve or dilute the waste bromide, sulfuric acid is added, the pH =2 is adjusted, the prepared solution is kept stand for a period of time to fully layer and clarify the solution, the solution is pumped into a distillation tower, a steam warm tower is opened, chlorine is introduced into the distillation tower when the temperature of the top of the distillation tower is slowly heated to 70 ℃, the temperature of the top of the distillation tower is kept at 75-78 ℃, and the obtained distillation waste liquid is used as the raw material of the soil conditioner.

2. The method for preparing a soil conditioner using waste bromides as claimed in claim 1, wherein NH is added to the obtained distillation waste liquid₄HCO₃And reacting to obtain a mixture of the finished soil conditioner chlorate and ammonium sulfate.

3. The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromides as claimed in claim 2, wherein the obtained soil conditioner is used for improving the pH of saline-alkali soil and reducing the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil.

4. The method for preparing a soil conditioner using waste bromides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bromine vapor obtained by distillation is cooled by adding water to form liquid bromine, and the liquid bromine is washed and separated in a bromine-water separation bottle to obtain crude bromine.

5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromides as claimed in claim 4, wherein the crude bromine is distilled in a distillation tower, the temperature of the top of the distillation tower is controlled to be 65-70 ℃, bromine steam is cooled by adding water to form liquid bromine, and the liquid bromine is washed and separated in a bromine-water separation bottle to obtain the finished bromine.

6. The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste bromides are derived from waste bromides generated in a bromination process and a tail waste treatment working section of a pesticide production enterprise, or waste liquids generated in a process of adding potassium, sodium, magnesium and the like into hydrogen bromide gas generated in an absorption reaction process of a pharmaceutical intermediate production enterprise.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of soil conditioners, in particular to a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using waste bromides.

Background

With the development of modern industry, especially the development of chemical industry, the yield of dangerous wastes in chemical medicines, pesticides and other aspects is increasing. The content of useful organic components in the dangerous waste is about 50-90%, and the water content is 10-50%. If the landfill treatment is simply carried out, not only a large amount of cultivated land is occupied, but also the soil, water and air around the land are polluted, and the foul gas is generated. Incineration also has a significant impact on the atmospheric environment. The treatment of dangerous wastes of chemical medicines and pesticides is a big problem which troubles the continuous and healthy development of the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromide aiming at the defects of the prior art, which not only solves the problems of discharge and pollution of hazardous wastes, but also changes waste into valuable, produces the soil conditioner, greatly improves the economic benefit and has great economic value.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a process for preparing soil improver from the waste bromides includes such steps as adding water to said bromides, dissolving or diluting, adding sulfuric acid, regulating pH value to 2, laying aside for a certain time, fully layering, clarifying, pumping it in distilling tower, heating to 70 deg.C, introducing chlorine gas, and holding the temp at tower top at 75-78 deg.C.

Further, NH was added to the obtained distillation waste liquid₄HCO₃And reacting to obtain a mixture of the finished soil conditioner chlorate and ammonium sulfate. The obtained soil conditioner is used for improving the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and reducing the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil.

And further, adding water into bromine steam obtained by distillation for cooling to form liquid bromine, washing, and separating in a bromine-water separation bottle to obtain crude bromine. Further, the crude bromine is distilled in a distillation tower, the temperature of the top of the tower is controlled to be 65-70 ℃, bromine vapor is cooled by adding water to form liquid bromine, and the liquid bromine is washed and enters a bromine-water separation bottle for separation to obtain the finished bromine.

The waste bromide is derived from waste bromide generated in the bromination process and the tail waste treatment working section of a pesticide production enterprise, or waste liquid generated by adding potassium, sodium, magnesium and the like into hydrogen bromide gas generated in the absorption reaction process of a pharmaceutical intermediate production enterprise. The waste bromides mainly comprise solids or liquids containing sodium bromide, potassium bromide, calcium bromide, magnesium bromide, zinc bromide and the like.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention uses waste bromide produced by pesticide and medicine enterprises as raw material, and the waste bromide is firstly mixed with acid and then is reacted by introducing chlorine gas into a distillation tower, bromine steam and substances in the tower are respectively treated to obtain bromine crude product and chlorate, and the solution containing the chlorate is then treated with NH₄HCO₃The mixture of ammonium sulfate and chloride is obtained by neutralization, and the mixture is used as a soil conditioner, which is a transposition productivity project of pollution treatment projects, so that the generation amount of hazardous wastes can be reduced, part of useful components can be recovered, the harm of the hazardous wastes to the environment can be reduced, the requirement of clean production can be met, the waste can be changed into valuable, and the capacity can be greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromides comprises the following steps:

raw materials:

waste bromides: waste bromides generated in the bromination process and the tail waste treatment section of pesticide production enterprises;

waste sulfuric acid: waste sulfuric acid from Liaoning green resource renewable energy development Limited;

and chlorine gas, NH₄HCO₃。

The process comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding proper amount of water into waste bromide to dissolve or dilute the bromide, adding 93-98% sulfuric acid, regulating pH to 2, and making the bromine content of the solution be 120Kg/m²The prepared solution is transferred into a finished liquid cylinder by a pump, the solution is kept stand for 24 hours to ensure that the solution is fully layered and clarified, the finished solution is pumped into a distillation tower by the pump through a rotor flow meter, the flow is controlled to be 0.8m2/h, the steam temperature tower is started, and the solution is slowly heated to the temperature of 0.8m2/hWhen the temperature of the tower top is 70 ℃, a chlorine valve is opened, chlorine is slowly introduced, the height of a reaction interface is adjusted, after the reaction in the tower is stable, the liquid amount of the finished product is increased to meet the production requirement, the chlorine dosage is adjusted, and the temperature of the tower top is kept between 75 ℃ and 78 ℃. The distilled waste liquid enters a soil conditioner workshop through a pipeline to be used as a raw material. Adding NH into the obtained distillation waste liquid₄HCO₃And reacting to obtain a mixture of the finished soil conditioner chlorate and ammonium sulfate.

And in addition, adding water into bromine steam obtained by distillation for cooling to form liquid bromine, and washing the liquid bromine to enter a Australian water separation bottle for separation to obtain crude bromine. And (3) allowing the crude bromine to automatically flow to a rectifying tower through a pipeline, introducing steam for heating, controlling the temperature at the top of the tower to be 65-70 ℃, adding water into bromine steam for cooling to form liquid bromine, washing, and separating in a bromine-water separation bottle to obtain the finished bromine.

Example 2

The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the waste bromides comprises the following steps:

raw materials:

waste bromides: hydrogen bromide gas generated in the absorption reaction process of pharmaceutical intermediate production enterprises is added into waste liquid generated by potassium, sodium, magnesium and the like;

waste sulfuric acid: waste sulfuric acid from Liaoning green resource renewable energy development Limited;

and chlorine gas, NH₄HCO₃。

The process comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding proper amount of water into waste bromide to dissolve or dilute the bromide, adding 93-98% sulfuric acid, regulating pH to 2, and making the bromine content of the solution be 120Kg/m²The prepared solution is transferred into a finished liquid cylinder by a pump, the solution is kept stand for 24 hours to fully layer and clarify the solution, the finished liquid is pumped into a distillation tower by the pump through a rotor flow meter, the flow is controlled to be 0.8m2/h, a steam warm tower is opened, when the temperature of the tower top is slowly heated to 70 ℃, a chlorine valve is opened, chlorine is slowly introduced, the height of a reaction interface is adjusted, after the reaction in the tower is stable, the finished liquid amount is increased to meet the production requirement, the chlorine amount is adjusted, and the temperature of the tower top is kept between 75 ℃ and 78 ℃. The distilled waste liquid enters a soil conditioner workshop through a pipeline to be used as a raw material. Then toAdding NH into the obtained distillation waste liquid₄HCO₃And reacting to obtain a mixture of the finished soil conditioner chlorate and ammonium sulfate.

And in addition, adding water into bromine steam obtained by distillation for cooling to form liquid bromine, and washing the liquid bromine to enter a bromine-water separation bottle for separation to obtain crude bromine. And (3) distilling the crude bromine in a distillation tower, controlling the temperature at the top of the distillation tower to be 65-70 ℃, adding water into bromine vapor for cooling to form liquid bromine, washing, and separating in a bromine-water separation bottle to obtain the finished bromine.

When the soil conditioner obtained in the embodiment of the invention is applied to saline-alkali soil of Jilin province, the pH of the soil is about 10 before the soil conditioner is applied to the saline-alkali soil, and the pH is improved to about 7.5 after the soil conditioner is applied, so that the effect of remarkably improving the pH of the soil is achieved, and meanwhile, the content of N, K and trace elements is increased.

The waste treatment process is positioned in dangerous waste and byproducts generated by enterprises of chemical medicines and pesticides, the project coordinate is Liaoning province, the treatment capacity of waste bromide is designed to be 57500 tons/year, 4.5 ten thousand tons of soil conditioner and 0.5 ten thousand tons of bromine are produced every year, and the waste treatment process has great economic value. The annual yield of the soil conditioner of 4.5 ten thousand tons is shown in the table.