阅读说明：本技术 一种芜菁提取物的提取方法 (Extraction method of turnip extract ) 是由 徐明生 于富生 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种芜菁提取物的提取方法,包括有如下步骤：1)预处理；2)破碎；3)挤汁后得到鲜汁及余渣；4)对鲜汁进行过滤；5)对过滤后的鲜汁进行浓缩；6)对鲜汁进行喷雾干燥得到提取物。本发明水耗小,能耗及运行费用低,在产量不变的前提下设备容积相对小,投资低：且生产周期短,运行费用可控,产品有效成分流失小,而且能区分等级而适应市场的不同需求。(The invention relates to an extraction method of a turnip extract, which comprises the following steps: 1) pre-treating; 2) crushing; 3) squeezing to obtain fresh juice and residue; 4) filtering the fresh juice; 5) concentrating the filtered fresh juice; 6) spray drying the fresh juice to obtain extract. The invention has the advantages of low water consumption, low energy consumption and operation cost, relatively small equipment volume and low investment on the premise of unchanged yield: and the production period is short, the operating cost is controllable, the loss of effective components of the product is small, and the grade can be distinguished to adapt to different requirements of the market.)

1. A method for extracting a turnip extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) pre-treating;

2) crushing;

3) squeezing to obtain fresh juice and residue;

4) filtering the fresh juice;

5) concentrating the filtered fresh juice;

6) spray drying the fresh juice to obtain extract.

2. The method for extracting turnip extract according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in step 1) comprises washing, sorting and air drying.

3. The method for extracting turnip extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2) comprises using a hammer crusher and then using a juicer to extract juice.

4. The method for extracting turnip extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fresh juice in step 4) is filtered by a 100-120 mesh rotary sieve.

5. The method for extracting turnip extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 5) is carried out by concentrating the filtered fresh juice at 50-60 deg.C under vacuum.

6. The method for extracting turnip extract according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) is performed by filtering fresh juice.

7. The extraction method of turnip extract according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the residue obtained in step 3) is further processed, comprising the following steps:

31) adding hot water into the residue;

32) performing hot percolation;

33) filtering to obtain filtrate and filter residue;

34) concentrating the filtrate;

35) spray drying the concentrated filtrate to obtain extract.

8. The extraction method of turnip extract as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step 31) comprises adding 1.5-2 times of hot water to the residue; the method for performing heat percolation in the step 32) is to perform dynamic percolation by using 1.5-2 times of hot water with the temperature of 60-80 ℃.

9. The method for extracting turnip extract as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of treating the residue obtained in step 33) is the same as the step of treating the residue.

10. The method for extracting turnip extract as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step 34) is carried out by concentrating the filtrate at a low temperature of 50-60 deg.C.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an extraction method of a turnip extract, belonging to an innovative technology of the extraction method of the turnip extract.

Background

The traditional turnip extract processing technology is generally water extraction, concentration and spray drying. The extraction process comprises transferring the extract from raw materials into water, concentrating to appropriate concentration, and spray drying. The disadvantages of this process in industrial production are: 1) the water consumption is large; generally, more than 3 times of water is decocted for three times; 2) high energy consumption and operation cost: because the water quantity is large, the energy consumption of steam, circulating water and the like caused by concentrating to a certain concentration is large; 3) the equipment volume is big, and the investment is higher: as the product characteristics require that the equipment is made of 304 stainless steel, and the larger the volume is, the higher the manufacturing cost is for large-scale production equipment; 4) the production period is long: two days are generally required from the feeding to the extraction; 5) loss of effective components of the product is large due to the influence of heating factors, and 6) the concentrated solution is homogeneous after a batch of raw materials are extracted, so that the grade cannot be distinguished by spraying once.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting a turnip extract. The invention has low water consumption, low energy consumption and operation cost, small equipment volume and low investment on the premise of unchanged yield: and the production period is short, the operation cost is controllable, the loss of the effective components of the product is small, and the grade can be distinguished to adapt to different requirements of the market.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the extraction method of the turnip extract comprises the following steps:

1) pre-treating;

2) crushing;

3) squeezing to obtain fresh juice and residue;

4) filtering the fresh juice;

5) concentrating the filtered fresh juice;

6) spray drying the fresh juice to obtain extract.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of low water consumption, one third of water consumption, low energy consumption and operation cost, half of the volume of the prior art on the premise of unchanged yield, lower investment: and the production period is short, the operating cost is controllable, the loss of the effective components of the product prepared by adopting the hot percolation process is small, and the grades can be distinguished to adapt to different requirements of the market. Is a convenient and practical extraction method of the turnip extract.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example (b):

the flow chart of the method of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and the extraction method of the turnip extract of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) pre-treating;

2) crushing;

3) squeezing to obtain fresh juice and residue;

4) filtering the fresh juice;

5) concentrating the filtered fresh juice;

6) spray drying the fresh juice to obtain extract.

The pretreatment method in the step 1) comprises cleaning, sorting and air drying.

The crushing method in the step 2) is to use a hammer crusher and then use a juicer to take juice.

The method for filtering the fresh juice in the step 4) is to filter by using a rotary vibration sieve of 100 meshes to 120 meshes.

Filtering the fresh juice in the step 1).

The residue obtained in the step 3) is processed, and the specific steps are as follows:

31) adding hot water into the residue;

32) performing hot percolation;

33) filtering to obtain filtrate and filter residue;

34) concentrating the filtrate;

35) spray drying the concentrated filtrate to obtain extract.

The step 31) is to add 1.5 to 2 times of hot water into the residue.

And (4) treating the filter residue obtained in the step 33), wherein the specific steps are the same as the steps for treating the residue.

The method for performing heat percolation in the step 32) is to perform dynamic percolation by using 1.5-2 times of hot water with the temperature of 60-80 ℃.

The method for concentrating the filtrate in the step 34) is to concentrate the filtrate at a low temperature of between 50 and 60 ℃ by using a vacuum concentrator.

The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:

example 1:

taking 123 kg of turnip rootstocks, pretreating, crushing, wherein the diameter phi of the crushed rootstocks is less than 0.5cm, juicing to obtain 72.1kg of fresh juice, filtering by using a rotary vibrating screen with 100 meshes to obtain the fresh juice with the relative density of 1.02 (measured at room temperature) and the sugar degree of 5.2% (measured by sugar degree), and performing spray drying after concentration to obtain 30: 1.7 kg of water-soluble extract (30: 1 means 30 kg of extract from 1kg of raw material), and concentrating at low temperature of 50 ℃ using a vacuum concentrator.

Adding 1.5 times of hot water into the residue (mass volume ratio is 1: 1.5), performing thermal percolation at 60 deg.C, filtering with 100 mesh rotary vibration sieve to obtain filtrate, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain 100: 1.3kg of water-soluble extract (1 kg of extract per 100 kg), and radix Brassicae Rapae contains polysaccharides, saponins and flavonoids as main ingredients.

Reprocessing the filter residue, wherein the processing method is the same as the residue processing method, and 300 is obtained: 1 water soluble extract 0.4 kg.

Grade differentiation of the same batch of raw material products: the extraction solid obtained by respectively collecting fresh juice spray and extracting solution spray from the same batch of raw materials is divided into two grades, the former has no high-temperature extraction process, the easily decomposed components are heated and are retained, the latter has lower temperature control than the extraction temperature (the temperature is lower than 100 ℃ by heating and boiling), the process time of low residue content percolation can be synchronous with the juice extraction, the time of the process is also shorter than that of the extraction method, the water consumption is greatly lower than that of the extraction process, and the concentration time is also shortened, so that the retention degree of the thermally decomposed components is relatively lower than that of the juice extraction, but still better than that of the extraction method.

The sugar content measured by directly extracting juice is 5.2 degrees, the concentration is higher than 2 degrees of 3-5 times of water extraction, the obtained water amount is less, and the concentration time is shorter than that of water extraction liquid (the concentration can be not concentrated, the conditions of direct spray drying are met, and the process adopts low-temperature concentration and then spray drying in consideration of investment and operation cost of spray drying). The juicing production period is shorter than that of a water extraction process, the processing capacity of the existing juicer per hour completely meets the production requirement, the solid powder can be obtained by spray drying in large-scale production on duty, and the advantages are obvious compared with that of a water extraction concentration process period.

The method has the advantages of direct juicing, high concentration, short concentration time and short production period, retains the effective components of the product as much as possible, and effectively distinguishes the grade of the product by combining the residue heat percolation with the same batch of raw materials so as to adapt to different requirements of the market. Meanwhile, the problem of low water consumption is solved; the energy consumption and the operating cost are low: the equipment volume is small and the investment is low on the premise of keeping the yield unchanged.

Example 2:

taking 240 kg of turnip rootstocks, pretreating, crushing, wherein the diameter phi of the crushed rootstocks is less than 0.5cm, juicing to obtain 154.98kg of fresh juice, filtering by using a 120-mesh rotary vibrating screen to obtain the fresh juice, measuring the relative density of the fresh juice to be 1.02 (measured at room temperature), measuring the sugar degree to be 5.3% (measured by sugar degree), and spray-drying after concentrating to obtain 30: 1.2 kg of water-soluble extract (30: 1 means 30 kg of extract from 1kg of raw material), and concentrating at a low temperature of 60 ℃ using a vacuum concentrator.

Adding 2 times of hot water into the residue (the mass-volume ratio is 1: 1.5), performing thermal percolation at 80 ℃, filtering by using a 120-mesh rotary vibrating screen to obtain a filtrate, concentrating, and performing spray drying to obtain a filtrate 100: 1 water soluble extract (1 kg extract per 100 kg) 2.6kg, and radix Brassicae Rapae contains polysaccharides, saponins and flavonoids as main ingredients.

Reprocessing the filter residue, wherein the processing method is the same as the residue processing method, and 300 is obtained: 1 water soluble extract 0.8 kg.

Example 3:

362 kg of turnip rootstocks are taken, pretreated and crushed, the crushed rootstocks are of a diameter phi smaller than 0.5cm, the juice is squeezed to obtain 243.54kg of fresh juice, the fresh juice is filtered by a rotary vibrating screen with 100 meshes to obtain 1.02 of relative density (measured at room temperature) and 5.3 of sugar degree (measured by sugar degree), and the fresh juice is spray-dried to obtain 30: 1.6 kg of water-soluble extract (30: 1 means 30 kg of extract from 1kg of raw material), and concentrating at a low temperature of 55 ℃ using a vacuum concentrator.

Adding 1.8 times of hot water into the residue (mass volume ratio is 1: 1.5), performing thermal percolation at 70 deg.C, filtering with 110 mesh rotary vibration sieve to obtain filtrate, concentrating, and spray drying to obtain 100: 1 water soluble extract (100 kg of 1kg extract) 3.7kg, and turnip water extract is mixture mainly containing polysaccharide, saponin and flavonoid.

Reprocessing the filter residue, wherein the processing method is the same as the residue processing method, and 300 is obtained: 1.05kg of water-soluble extract.