阅读说明：本技术 一种微型便携式生物质制气制油装置 (Miniature portable living beings system gas system oil preparation device ) 是由 姚万祥 徐嫒 田万峰 张康 李晓瑞 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本专利提供了一种微型便携式生物质制气制油装置,该装置主要由集光反应箱、高温聚光装置、生物质材料粉碎装置组成,所述反应箱由物料反应区、残碳收集区和生物油收集区组成,用于生物质制备生物气和生物油,所述高温聚光装置由多块菲涅尔透镜镜片拼装而成,可为反应箱提供足够的温度,使生物质材料和催化剂发生反应,可在能源零消耗的前提下,生成液态、气态产物和固态余料,所制生物质油储存方便用途广泛,实现了生物质资源的高值化利用,生物油的产率可达60％以上,且易于拆卸安装,极大程度地实现该装置的便携性。(The utility model provides a miniature portable living beings system gas system oil device, the device mainly comprise light harvesting reaction case, high temperature spotlight device, biomass material reducing mechanism, the reaction case comprises material reaction zone, carbon residue collecting region and bio-oil collecting region for living beings preparation biogas and bio-oil, high temperature spotlight device is assembled by polylith fresnel lens and is formed, can provide sufficient temperature for the reaction case, makes biomass material and catalyst take place the reaction, can generate liquid, gaseous state result and solid-state clout under the zero prerequisite of consuming of the energy, and the bio-oil of making stores facilitates the usage extensive, has realized the high-valued utilization of biomass resources, and the productivity of bio-oil can reach more than 60%, and easily dismantles the installation, realizes the portability of the device to a great extent.)

1. The utility model provides a miniature portable living beings system oil system gas device which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a light collecting reaction box (2), a transparent box cover (1), a high-temperature light collecting device and a Fresnel lens plate (21) thereof, a conical gear mechanism (22), a biomass material crushing device and a feeding box (31) thereof, a crushing chamber (33), an L-shaped support (39) and a photovoltaic plate (41).

2. The micro portable biomass oil and gas production device according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting reaction box (2) comprises a transparent box cover (1), a buckle (3), a reaction box handle (6), a reaction box visible window (7) and a carbon residue collecting region (9), the light collecting reaction box (2) is formed by combining a material reaction region (10) with the reaction box visible window (7) and the reaction box handle (6), the carbon residue collecting region (9) and the bio-oil collecting region (8) in a drawer type modularization mode, materials enter the carbon residue collecting region (9) through a drawable partition plate (5) after reaction, and the bio-oil collecting region (8) is a drawer type shell and is connected with a filter screen (14) and the reaction box visible window (7).

3. The micro portable biomass oil and gas production device according to claim 2, wherein the transparent cover (1) of the light collection reaction chamber (2) is tightly closed with the light collection reaction chamber (2) through a buckle (3), and then is pumped by a micro vacuum pump (12) with an air pumping nozzle (13) and an air exhaust nozzle (11) to form an oxygen-free or oxygen-less environment for the material reaction zone (10) during reaction.

4. The micro portable biomass oil and gas production device according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature light gathering device comprises a Fresnel lens plate (21), a combined slide rail (26), a fixing hole (27), a bevel gear mechanism (22), an adjustable knob (23) and a loop bar (24), the 6 lenses are spliced and fixed through the fixing hole (27), the Fresnel lens plate (21) is formed through the combined slide rail (26), and the Fresnel lens plate (21) is connected with the loop bar (24) with the adjustable knob through the bevel gear mechanism (22) so as to realize a detachable and angle-adjustable simple and portable connection mode.

5. The device for producing oil and gas by using the biomass is characterized by comprising a feeding box (31), a bearing (32), a crushing chamber (33), a visible collecting box (34), a material collecting box (35), an L-shaped bracket (39), a motor (44), a turntable (42) and a hammer sheet (43), wherein the hammer sheet type crusher mainly comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is the feeding box (31), the lower part is the hammer sheet (43), a hammer frame (45), the turntable (42) and the bearing (32), and the bearing (32) is integrally connected with a control center (37), a storage battery (38) and the motor (44).

6. The micro portable biomass oil and gas production device according to claim 5, wherein the hammer mill body of the biomass material crushing device is fixed on an L-shaped bracket (39) and connected with the material collection box (35), a photovoltaic panel (41) is connected in the vertical direction of the L-shaped bracket (39), a driving arm (40) is connected between the rear surface of the photovoltaic panel (41) and the L-shaped bracket (39), and the photovoltaic panel is connected to a storage battery (38) through a photovoltaic controller to store electric energy for solving the problem of required electric power.

Technical Field

This patent belongs to renewable energy utilization field, specifically relates to biomass energy development and utilization field, especially biomass pyrolysis gas-to-oil production field, simultaneously, also relates to the solar photothermal utilization field.

Background

With the aggravation of the energy crisis and the improvement of the environmental awareness of human beings, the development and utilization enthusiasm of renewable energy sources in various countries is increasing. The biomass energy is the fourth largest energy which is second to coal, petroleum and natural gas, and plays an important role in the whole energy system as renewable energy, and the biomass is used as a carrier for storing the biomass energy, so that the biomass energy is various in types and rich in reserves. At present, biomass capable of being developed and utilized in a large scale mainly refers to agricultural and forestry waste materials, such as straws, leaves and the like. The bio-oil is a liquid product obtained by biomass through a thermal cracking technology, has the advantages of high energy density, environmental friendliness, renewability, easiness in storage, capability of being directly conveyed and the like, can be popularized and used instead of the traditional fossil fuel, and solves the increasingly serious problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like. The biomass gas-to-oil process often changes the position of the reaction bed and the whole reaction device due to the change of the required biological oil place. Under the circumstances, the realization of the quick and simple utilization of the biomass energy is an important premise for solving the existing problems, the problem of insufficient energy supply is often encountered due to the increase of outdoor activities such as field exploration, scientific and technological investigation, mountain climbing and hiking and the like, and the traditional biomass gas and oil preparation device is huge in size, too heavy and not easy to move, so that the problem is difficult to solve. Therefore, the development of related products in this field is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of this patent is to provide a miniature portable living beings system gas oil preparation device to the not enough in the aspect of the application place of current living beings system gas oil preparation device to solve the problem that current living beings system gas oil preparation device is bulky, too heavy and difficult removal, realize the real-time utilization on the spot of living beings raw materials, solve the comprehensive utilization of different occasions to living beings raw materials. The miniature portable biomass gas and oil production device converts solar energy into high-temperature heat energy by adjusting the incident angle of solar rays on the mirror surface of the Fresnel lens so as to be maximally utilized in the conversion process of forming products such as bio-oil, biogas and the like from biomass raw materials through thermal cracking. Simultaneously, fresnel lens structure has can dismantle the function, and biological raw materials conveyor has the function of accomodating, all can realize the portable requirement of this device to a higher degree.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the patent is as follows: a miniature portable biomass gas and oil production device mainly comprises a light collecting reaction box, a high-temperature light collecting device, a biomass material crushing device, an L-shaped support, a photovoltaic panel power generation device and a bevel gear mechanism.

The light collection reaction box comprises a transparent box cover capable of forming a sealed environment, a reflecting layer used for preventing light from escaping is arranged on the transparent box cover, the part of the box body is made of a light-transmitting high-temperature-resistant material, a heat pipe used for uniformly heating is arranged in an interlayer inside and outside the box body, a micro vacuum pump is arranged in the box body and used for forming an oxygen-free or oxygen-less environment when a reaction occurs, the product collection part falls into a carbon residue collection area through a pull type partition plate after a material reacts, then enters a biological oil collection area with a visual window through a filter screen, and the collection part of the light collection reaction box is a pull type shell so as to facilitate collection and transfer of products.

The high-temperature light condensing device mainly comprises a Fresnel lens plate, a combined slide rail, a conical gear mechanism and a loop bar. Fresnel lens board is assembled by 6 fresnel lens and forms, and both ends lens are fixed through conical gear mechanism and the loop bar that has scalable function, through the extension of the combination slide rail that establishes under the lens of both ends, splices all the other fresnel lens through the fixed orifices again and fixes and form fresnel lens board for high temperature condensing equipment forms can dismantle, angle adjustable's simple and easy portable connected mode, is used for providing the required reaction temperature of preparation bio-oil biogas product.

The biomass material smashing device is characterized in that a material collecting box is installed below a feeding box installed on a smashing chamber, the collecting box is used for collecting and transferring materials for a pull-out mechanism, a control center, a motor, a storage battery pack and a photovoltaic panel are arranged on one side of the smashing chamber, the control center can realize the starting and stopping control of the smashing machine and the real-time monitoring of the power supply quantity of various state parameters and the photovoltaic power generation device in the smashing process, and when the power generation device cannot provide the electric energy condition required by the smashing machine, the function of reminding can be carried out, and a standby battery can be started or a commercial power can be accessed.

Crushing room, control center and storage battery are all fixed on rubbing crusher L type support, and the photovoltaic board is removable folded cascade, can fix center department on L type support after the extension through the electricity connection to storage battery, and the bottom face is through the electricity connection to control center, can adjust the height and the inclination of photovoltaic board for the at utmost receives solar radiation, thereby improves photoelectric conversion rate.

The photovoltaic power generation device provides electric energy for the work of the crusher motor, the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the mounting frame, and the photovoltaic panel is unfolded or stored through the mounting frame which is additionally provided with the fixing component for clamping the photovoltaic panel. When the photovoltaic panel is unfolded, the driving arm is pulled to turn over the photovoltaic panel to obtain the maximum solar radiation amount, and the controller controls the photovoltaic panel to charge the storage battery.

The bevel gear mechanism is used for changing the transmission direction through transmission between intersecting shafts, the reaction temperature cannot be influenced by sliding when the angle between the Fresnel lens plate and the solar ray is adjusted, and the precision requirements on the solar incident angle and the solar azimuth angle are reduced.

The beneficial effect of this patent is:

(1) the biomass thermal cracking technology related by the patent is one of more effective ways for utilizing biomass energy, and has the following advantages: firstly, the pyrolysis products are biogas, bio-oil and coke, and the yield of the products can be changed and utilized according to different requirements; secondly, the environmental pollution is small, when the biomass is pyrolyzed under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen, the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and the like is small, and the ash content in the pyrolysis flue gas is small; finally, most harmful components such as heavy metal in the biomass are fixed in the coke, so that the metal can be recovered from the coke, and the environmental pollution is further reduced.

(2) Material reaction box utilizes solar energy to realize the high temperature heating process to material reaction zone with the help of fresnel lens in this patent, has simplified material reaction process's device when realizing energy-conserving effect, reduces the spare part quantity among the reaction process.

(3) This patent is when out of work with in all parts are unified to be received the containing box that has the universal wheel, conveniently carries during outdoor activities, can realize the mobility of device.

(4) This patent is in the use, and there is not external energy consumption almost, and the rubbing crusher can be supplied with motor work by solar energy to convert partly solar energy into the electric energy and store in storage battery, and the bio-oil storage that makes facilitates the usage extensive, can collect and be used for other time quantums.

(5) The biomass related to the method has the advantages of reproducibility, convenient material acquisition, zero net emission of carbon dioxide and good environmental compatibility, the production of the bio-oil and the biogas by taking the biomass resource as the raw material is high-value utilization of the biomass resource, and the yield of the bio-oil can reach more than 60%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a micro movable biomass gas and oil production device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a light collecting reaction chamber;

FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of the light collecting reaction box structure;

FIG. 4 is an expanded schematic view of a Fresnel lens structure;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a Fresnel lens structure;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of the lens holder bevel gear mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a small solar-type (hammer-blade) shredder;

fig. 8 is a top view of a small solar-type (hammer-blade) pulverizer.

In the figure:

1. transparent case lid 2, light harvesting reaction case 3, buckle

4. Heat pipe 5, drawable baffle 6, reaction box handle

7. Visible window 8 of reaction box, biological oil collecting area 9 and residual carbon collecting area

10. Material reaction zone 11, exhaust nozzle 12, micro vacuum pump

13. Suction nozzle 14, filter screen 21, Fresnel lens plate

22. Bevel gear mechanism 23, adjustable knob 24 and loop bar

25. Lens plate support 26, combined slide rail 27 and fixing hole

28. First bevel gear 29, second bevel gear 31, feeding box

32. Bearing 33, crushing chamber 34, collecting box visible window

35. Material collecting box 36, collecting box handle 37 and control center

38. Accumulator battery 39, L-shaped bracket 40 and driving arm

41. Photovoltaic panel 42, turntable 43 and hammer sheet

44. Motor 45 and hammer stand

Detailed Description

The structure of the miniature portable biomass gas and oil production device is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the specific embodiments are described.

As shown in fig. 1, the miniature portable biomass gas and oil production device disclosed by the patent comprises a light collecting reaction box 2, a fresnel lens 25, an adjustable lens support 36, a small-sized solar pulverizer 26 and a material collecting box 13.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the light collecting reaction box 2 is mainly composed of a material reaction area 10, a carbon residue collection area 9 and a bio-oil collection area 8, straws and the like are put into the material reaction area 10 of the light collecting reaction box 2 after being processed by a small crusher, heat pipes 4 are distributed around the material reaction area 10 to ensure that the straws are heated uniformly to the maximum extent, a sealing ring is arranged in a transparent box cover 1 to ensure that the reaction area is sealed completely, a micro vacuum pump 12 is arranged in the material reaction area 10 to provide an oxygen-free or oxygen-less reaction environment for reaction, and a pull-type clapboard 5 is pumped out after the thermal cracking reaction is finished to ensure that the reaction product falls into the carbon residue collection area 9, and then the liquid product falls into the bio-oil collection area 8 after being filtered by a filter screen 14.

Fig. 4-5 are schematic diagrams showing the fresnel lens structure. When the Fresnel lens system is used, 6 lenses are spliced on the lens plate support 25 through the stretching combined slide rail 26, so that the angle between the Fresnel lens plate 21 and incident solar rays can be changed by adjusting the heights of the conical gear mechanism 22 and the loop bar 24 so as to obtain the maximum solar radiation, and the solar rays can be incident at an angle vertical to the surface of the Fresnel lens plate 21 to the maximum extent all the time and are collected in the material reaction area 10. When not in work, 4 lenses in the middle of the Fresnel lens plate 21 can be taken down, the lenses at two ends are retracted to be in-situ clamped, the loop bar 24 fixed through the conical gear mechanism 22 under the lenses at two ends can also be taken down, the loop bar 24 is retracted to be shortest through the adjustable knob 23, all parts are uniformly retracted into the containing box with the universal wheels, and the mobility of the device can be greatly realized.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the bevel gear mechanism 22 shown in fig. 4. On the semicircular angle iron of the lens plate holder is a first bevel gear 28 which is engaged with a second bevel gear 29 of the sleeve 24 to ensure that no slippage occurs when the angle between the fresnel lens plate 21 and the sun is adjusted, thereby affecting the reaction temperature.

Fig. 7 to 8 show a view of a small-sized solar pulverizer. The material collecting box 35 is arranged below the feeding box 31 arranged on the crushing chamber 33, a control center 37, a motor 44, a storage battery pack 38 and a photovoltaic panel 41 are arranged on one side of the crushing chamber 33, the control center 37 and the storage battery pack 38 are all fixed on an L-shaped support 39 of the crusher, the photovoltaic panel 41 is detachable and foldable, the center of the L-shaped support 39 can be fixed after being stretched and is electrically connected to the storage battery pack 38, the bottom end face of the crushing chamber is electrically connected to the control center 37, the height and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 41 can be adjusted, solar radiation can be received to the maximum degree, and therefore the photoelectric conversion rate is improved.

The miniature portable biomass gas and oil production device provided by the patent is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of this patent are explained herein using examples, which are presented only to aid in understanding the method and its core concepts of this patent. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the patent, several improvements and modifications can be made to the patent, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the patent claims.