阅读说明：本技术 一种航天器空间紫外诱发污染增强效应试验装置与方法 (Spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device and method ) 是由 沈自才 王胭脂 王志皓 代巍 邵宇川 贺洪波 邵建达 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于航天器空间环境效应试验技术领域,具体涉及一种航天器空间紫外诱发污染增强效应试验装置与方法。针对空间紫外辐射引起的航天器敏感表面污染的增加,该方法提出了一种紫外辐射污染增强效应试验装置,给出了开展紫外辐射污染增强效应的方法。利用该方法,可以准确分析空间紫外辐射对舱外敏感材料的分子污染增强效应及其机制,对航天材料的研制、选用和评价提供了支持。(The invention belongs to the technical field of spacecraft space environment effect tests, and particularly relates to a spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device and method. Aiming at the increase of the pollution on the sensitive surface of the spacecraft caused by the space ultraviolet radiation, the method provides a test device for the ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect and provides a method for developing the ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect. By utilizing the method, the molecular pollution enhancement effect and mechanism of the space ultraviolet radiation on the extravehicular sensitive material can be accurately analyzed, and support is provided for the development, selection and evaluation of aerospace materials.)

1. A spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device is characterized in that: the device comprises an ultraviolet light source (1), a transmission window (2), a vacuum cavity (3), a pollution source baffle (4), a pollution source (5), a pollution source bracket (6), a pollution source temperature control device (7), a pollution collection sheet baffle (8), a pollution collection sheet (9), a pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10), a pollution collection sheet sample table (11), a pollution collection sheet temperature control device (12), a real-time pollution component monitoring system (13), a testing and controlling system (14) and a vacuum system (15);

the vacuum device comprises a vacuum cavity (3), a pollution source baffle (4), a pollution source (5), a pollution source bracket (6), a pollution source temperature control device (7), a pollution collection sheet baffle (8), a pollution collection sheet (9), a pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10), a pollution collection sheet sample table (11) and a pollution collection sheet temperature control device (12), wherein a vacuum system (15) is positioned outside the vacuum cavity (3) and used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity (1);

the pollution source temperature control device (7) is fixed on a pollution source support (6), the pollution source support (6) is positioned at the bottom of the vacuum cavity (3), the pollution source (5) is placed on the pollution source support (6), and the pollution source baffle (4) is positioned right in front of the pollution source (5) and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the transmission window (2) is positioned on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity (3), so that the ultraviolet light source (1) can irradiate into the vacuum cavity (3) through the transmission window (2) and vertically irradiate on the pollution source baffle (4), the pollution source (5), the pollution collecting sheet baffle (8) and the pollution collecting sheet (9); the temperature control device (12) of the pollution collection piece is fixed on a sample table (11) of the pollution collection piece, the sample table (11) of the pollution collection piece is positioned at the other side of the vacuum cavity (3), and the pollution collection piece (9) is placed on the sample table (11) of the pollution collection piece; the pollution collecting sheet baffle (8) is positioned right in front of the pollution collecting sheet (9) and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) is arranged on the pollution collecting sheet temperature control device (12) and is used for monitoring the pollution deposition amount in the vacuum cavity (3) in real time; the real-time monitoring system (13) for the pollutant components is used for monitoring the pollutant components in the vacuum cavity (3) in real time; the testing and controlling system (14) is respectively connected with the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the pollution component real-time monitoring system (13).

2. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the ultraviolet light source (1) is one of a mercury lamp, a mercury xenon lamp, a xenon lamp and a deuterium lamp; the transmission window (2) is MgF₂Glass that does not absorb ultraviolet light; the vacuum cavity (3), the pollution source baffle (4), the pollution source bracket (6), the pollution collecting sheet (8) and the pollution collecting sheet sample table (11) are made of materials which can not generate deflation pollution; the pollution source (5) is one or more of a gray cable and silicon rubber; the pollution collecting sheet (9) is made of various surface functional materials, including optical materials and electric materials with surface conductive performance.

3. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the pollution source temperature control device (7) and the pollution collection sheet temperature control device (12) are both composed of a high temperature control device and a low temperature control device, wherein the high temperature control device uses an electric heating wire, the low temperature control device uses a liquid nitrogen or bath oil temperature control device, and the temperature range is-80 ℃ to +120 ℃.

4. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the pollution amount monitoring device (10) is realized by a quartz crystal microbalance.

5. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the real-time monitoring system (13) for the pollution components is realized by a four-stage mass spectrometer.

6. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the test and control system (14) is used for testing and controlling temperature, vacuum, baffles and pollutant components.

7. The spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device of claim 1, wherein: the vacuum system (15) consists of a mechanical pump and a molecular pump, and the vacuum degree is lower than 0.1 Pa.

8. A method of conducting a contamination test using a test device for total dose ionization induced molecular contamination in a spacecraft cabin as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising the steps of:

a. the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the pollution component real-time monitoring system (13) are utilized to monitor the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in the vacuum environment in real time at different temperatures and time in the vacuum cavity (3);

b. after the temperature is changed, the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the pollution component real-time monitoring system (13) are utilized to monitor the components and the pollution deposition amount of the pollutants in the vacuum environment in real time at different temperatures and time in the vacuum cavity (3);

c. comparing the components of the pollutants with the temperature changed in the step b with the components of the pollutants in the step a at the same time, and comparing the pollution deposition amount with the pollution deposition amount in the step a after the temperature is changed in the step b at the same time to obtain the influences of different temperature backgrounds on the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount;

d. the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the real-time pollution component monitoring system (13) are utilized to monitor the components of pollutants and the pollution deposition amount in real time when the ultraviolet light only radiates a pollution source and does not radiate a pollution collecting sheet in the vacuum cavity (3);

e. comparing the pollutant components of the step d with the pollutant components of the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount of the step d with the pollutant deposition amount of the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet;

f. the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the real-time pollution component monitoring system (13) are utilized to monitor the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in real time when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate the pollution source in the vacuum cavity (3);

g. comparing the pollutant components of the step e with the pollutant components of the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount of the step e with the pollutant deposition amount of the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate the pollution source;

h. the pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the real-time pollution component monitoring system (13) are utilized to monitor the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants when ultraviolet light in the vacuum cavity (3) radiates a pollution collecting sheet and a pollution source simultaneously;

i. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step h with the pollutant components in the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step h with the pollutant deposition amount in the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light radiates the pollution collecting sheet and the radiation pollution source simultaneously.

9. The method of contamination testing of claim 8, further comprising:

j. and d, carrying out optical performance test on the pollutant sampling sheet obtained in the steps a, b, d, f and h to obtain the effect of the influence of vacuum pollution on the optical performance of the pollutant sampling sheet in the vacuum environment at different temperatures and under different ultraviolet radiation.

10. The method of pollution test according to claim 8, wherein said step a utilizes a pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and a real-time pollution component monitoring system (13) to monitor the pollution deposition amount and the component of the pollutant in the vacuum environment in real time at different temperatures and times in the vacuum chamber (3) by the following specific steps:

closing the vacuum cavity (3), vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa by using a vacuum system (15), starting a pollution deposition amount monitoring device (10) and a pollution component real-time monitoring system (13), raising the temperature of the pollution source (5) to 25 ℃ or 125 ℃ by using a pollution source temperature control device (7), selecting five different temperature values with the same interval and linear increase from-80 ℃ to +120 ℃ by using a pollution collection sheet temperature control device (12) to keep the temperature of a pollution collection sheet (9), keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the pollution components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system (14) to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber (3) was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

11. The method of the contamination test according to claim 8, wherein after the temperature is changed in step b, the contamination deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the contamination component real-time monitoring system (13) are used to monitor the contamination deposition amount and the composition of the contamination in the vacuum chamber (3) in real time at different temperatures and times, and the specific steps of the contamination deposition amount and the composition of the contamination in the vacuum environment are as follows:

placing the replaced pollution collection sheet on a pollution collection sheet sample table, changing the temperature of a pollution collection sheet (9) to five different temperature values different from the temperature value in the step a by using a pollution collection sheet temperature control device (12), keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system (14) to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of the pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments after the temperature is changed; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber (3) was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

12. The method of contamination test according to claim 8, wherein the step d of real-time monitoring the contamination composition and contamination deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the contamination source and does not radiate the contamination collecting sheet in the vacuum chamber (3) by using the contamination deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the contamination composition real-time monitoring system (13) comprises the specific steps of:

and placing the replaced pollution collecting sheet on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source (1), turning on the pollution source baffle (4), and turning off the pollution collecting sheet baffle (8). Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system (14) to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber (3) was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

13. The method of the contamination test according to claim 8, wherein the step f of monitoring the contamination component and the contamination deposition amount in real time by using the contamination deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the real-time contamination component monitoring system (13), when the ultraviolet light only radiates the contamination collecting sheet without radiating the contamination source in the vacuum chamber (3), comprises the specific steps of:

placing the third replaced pollution collection sheet on a pollution collection sheet sample table, turning on an ultraviolet light source (1), turning off a pollution source baffle (4), turning on a pollution collection sheet baffle (8), keeping vacuum, continuously monitoring the change of polluted components and pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system (14) to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collection sheet and does not radiate the pollution source; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber (3) was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

14. The method of contamination test according to claim 8, wherein the step h of real-time monitoring the composition and the contamination deposition amount of the contamination when the ultraviolet light radiates the contamination collecting sheet and the contamination source simultaneously in the vacuum chamber (3) by using the contamination deposition amount monitoring device (10) and the contamination composition real-time monitoring system (13) comprises the specific steps of:

placing the fourth replaced pollution collection sheet on a pollution collection sheet sample table, turning on an ultraviolet light source (1), turning on a pollution source baffle (4), turning on a pollution collection sheet baffle (8), keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of polluted components and pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system (14) to obtain the components and pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when ultraviolet light simultaneously radiates the pollution collection sheet and the pollution source; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber (3) was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spacecraft space environment effect tests, and particularly relates to a spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device and method.

Background

The spacecraft can be in a vacuum environment in space, and the materials in the spacecraft can generate a vacuum outgassing effect, so that the elements in the spacecraft are polluted.

Ultraviolet radiation in solar electromagnetic radiation has important effects on aerospace materials due to its higher frequency and shorter wavelength. The ultraviolet radiation can induce pollution enhancement effect, on one hand, the ultraviolet radiation causes the breakage of the high polymer of the organic material, which causes the increase of pollutants; on the other hand, ultraviolet radiation can cause the solidification of contaminants deposited on the surface of the sensitive material, resulting in an increase in contamination; thirdly, during the transportation process of the contaminants, the contaminant molecules are irradiated by the ultraviolet light, and may obtain a certain amount of energy, thereby causing an increase in the deposition amount of the contaminants. These molecular contaminants can condense on the surface of optical and electrical materials, degrading their optical and electrical properties and affecting their on-track operation.

There are many articles about ultraviolet induced pollution at home and abroad, but relatively few studies about ultraviolet radiation induced pollution of spacecraft in an on-orbit state, namely, under vacuum and temperature environments. The cooperative effect of ultraviolet and pollution on the solar cell is researched by institute snow and the like, and the process and the rule of ultraviolet irradiation silicon rubber influencing molecular pollution are researched by the institute Wei and the like. However, none of these studies has shown how much influence of the UV radiation on the contamination is achieved, i.e. no disturbing factors are excluded. On one hand, the test device is relatively simple and crude, the influence of vacuum and temperature on the generation and deposition of pollutants cannot be accurately eliminated, and on the other hand, a method for enhancing the ultraviolet radiation induced pollution effect of the system is not formed.

Reference documents:

huge life, small snow in the hospital, zang defense, etc. Research on a solar cell pollution and ultraviolet synergistic effect test method. Environmental test. 2015, 10: 6-9.

Wei, Qiu home stable, Shen Yuan, etc. The ultraviolet radiation influences a silicon rubber dyeing model and effect research, aerospace reports, 2019,40(4):466-474.

Wei, qiu home stable, shenyucai, experimental study of ultraviolet irradiation affecting the molecular contamination process of silicone rubber, vacuum and low temperature, 2019,25 (2): 99-105

In the patent aspect, the invention patent of ' a test method for ultraviolet irradiation enhanced pollution ' is developed by Yanqing et al, fifth institute of research, fifth O, of the company's fifth institute of aerospace science and technology, and in the patent, two test methods for ultraviolet irradiation enhanced pollution are provided, wherein firstly, ultraviolet irradiation is carried out on a material, then the influence of the ultraviolet irradiation on the pollution is measured through a vacuum outgassing performance test, secondly, the vacuum outgassing performance test is carried out on the material, condensable pollutants are collected, then ultraviolet irradiation is carried out, and the shape change and the atomic change of the pollutants are observed. The patent can qualitatively research the influence of ultraviolet on pollution deposition to a certain extent. But neglects several key issues: (1) contaminants tend to condense on lower temperature surfaces, where lower temperatures tend to refer to subzero; (2) high temperatures may also affect the deposition or desorption of contaminants; (3) the effect that simultaneous irradiation may have is not taken into account. Therefore, this method has disadvantages.

Yanqing, Wang \40385, Guo xing, et al, a test method for ultraviolet radiation enhanced contamination 201110321506.9

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to build an ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect test device aiming at the increase of spacecraft sensitive surface pollution caused by space ultraviolet radiation, and provides a method for developing an ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect test device comprises an ultraviolet light source, a transmission window, a vacuum cavity, a pollution source baffle, a pollution source bracket, a pollution source temperature control device, a pollution collection sheet baffle, a pollution collection sheet, a pollution deposition amount monitoring device, a pollution collection sheet sample stage, a pollution collection sheet temperature control device, a real-time pollution component monitoring system, a test and control system and a vacuum system;

the pollution source baffle, the pollution source bracket, the pollution source temperature control device, the pollution collection sheet baffle, the pollution collection sheet, the pollution deposition amount monitoring device, the pollution collection sheet sample stage and the pollution collection sheet temperature control device are all positioned in a vacuum cavity, and the vacuum system is positioned outside the vacuum cavity and is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity;

the pollution source temperature control device is fixed on a pollution source bracket, the pollution source bracket is positioned at the bottom of the vacuum cavity, the pollution source is placed on the pollution source bracket, and the pollution source baffle is positioned right in front of the pollution source and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the transmission window is positioned on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity, so that an ultraviolet light source can penetrate through the transmission window to irradiate into the vacuum cavity and vertically irradiate on the pollution source baffle, the pollution source, the pollution collecting sheet baffle and the pollution collecting sheet; the temperature control device of the pollution collecting sheet is fixed on a sample table of the pollution collecting sheet, the sample table of the pollution collecting sheet is positioned at the other side of the vacuum cavity, and the pollution collecting sheet is placed on the sample table of the pollution collecting sheet; the pollution collecting sheet baffle is positioned right in front of the pollution collecting sheet and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the pollution deposition amount monitoring device is arranged on the pollution collecting sheet temperature control device and is used for monitoring the pollution deposition amount in the vacuum cavity in real time; the real-time monitoring system for the pollutant components is used for monitoring the pollutant components in the vacuum cavity in real time; the testing and controlling system is respectively connected with the pollution deposition amount monitoring device and the pollution component real-time monitoring system.

The ultraviolet light source is one of a mercury lamp, a mercury xenon lamp, a xenon lamp and a deuterium lamp; the transmission window is MgF₂Glass that does not absorb ultraviolet light; the vacuum cavity, the pollution source baffle, the pollution source bracket, the pollution collecting sheet and the pollution collecting sheet sample table are made of materials which can not generate deflation pollution; the pollution source is one or more of a gray cable and silicon rubber; the pollution collecting sheet is made of various surface functional materials, including optical materials and electric materials with surface conductive properties.

The pollution source temperature control device and the pollution collecting sheet temperature control device are both composed of high temperature control and low temperature control, wherein the high temperature control uses an electric heating wire, the low temperature control uses a liquid nitrogen or bath oil temperature control device, and the temperature range is-80 ℃ to +120 ℃.

The pollution amount monitoring device is realized by a quartz crystal microbalance. (ii) a

The real-time monitoring system for the pollution components is realized by a four-stage mass spectrometer.

The test and control system is used for testing and controlling temperature, vacuum, baffles, pollution components and the like.

The vacuum system consists of a mechanical pump and a molecular pump, and the vacuum degree is lower than 0.1 Pa.

The pollution test is carried out by using the test device for inducing the molecular pollution in the spacecraft cabin by the total ionization dose, and the method comprises the following steps:

a. monitoring the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in the vacuum environment at different temperatures and within different time in the vacuum cavity in real time by using a pollution deposition amount monitoring device and a pollution component real-time monitoring system; the method comprises the following specific steps:

closing the vacuum cavity, vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa by using a vacuum system, starting a pollution deposition amount monitoring device and a pollution component real-time monitoring system, raising the temperature of a pollution source to 25 ℃ or 125 ℃ by using a pollution source temperature control device, keeping the temperature of a pollution collection sheet at five different temperature values with the same interval and increased linearly in the range of-80 ℃ to +120 ℃ by using a pollution collection sheet temperature control device, keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system to obtain a plurality of groups of components of pollutants and the pollution deposition amount in the vacuum environment; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

b. After the temperature is changed, the pollution deposition amount monitoring device and the pollution component real-time monitoring system are utilized to monitor the components of the pollutants and the pollution deposition amount in the vacuum environment in real time at different temperatures and time in the vacuum cavity;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

b, placing the replaced pollution collection sheet on a pollution collection sheet sample table, changing the temperature of the pollution collection sheet to five different temperature values different from the temperature values in the step a by using a pollution collection sheet temperature control device, keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of the pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments after the temperature is changed; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

c. Comparing the components of the pollutants with the temperature changed in the step b with the components of the pollutants in the step a at the same time, and comparing the pollution deposition amount with the pollution deposition amount in the step a after the temperature is changed in the step b at the same time to obtain the influences of different temperature backgrounds on the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount;

d. monitoring the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet in the vacuum cavity in real time by using a pollution deposition amount monitoring device and a pollution component real-time monitoring system; the method comprises the following specific steps:

and placing the replaced pollution collecting sheet on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on an ultraviolet light source, turning on a pollution source baffle, and turning off the pollution collecting sheet baffle. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system to obtain a plurality of groups of components and pollution deposition amounts of pollutants in the vacuum environment when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collection sheet; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

e. Comparing the pollutant components of the step d with the pollutant components of the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount of the step d with the pollutant deposition amount of the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet;

f. monitoring the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a vacuum cavity in real time when the ultraviolet light only radiates a pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate a pollution source by using a pollution deposition amount monitoring device and a pollution component real-time monitoring system; the method comprises the following specific steps:

and placing the pollution collecting sheet after the third replacement on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on an ultraviolet light source, turning off a pollution source baffle, and turning on a pollution collecting sheet baffle. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution collection sheet and does not radiate a pollution source; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

g. Comparing the pollutant components of the step e with the pollutant components of the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount of the step e with the pollutant deposition amount of the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate the pollution source;

h. monitoring the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in the vacuum cavity in real time by using a pollution deposition amount monitoring device and a pollution component real-time monitoring system when ultraviolet light in the vacuum cavity radiates a pollution collecting sheet and a pollution source simultaneously; the method comprises the following specific steps:

and placing the pollution collecting sheet after the fourth replacement on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on an ultraviolet light source, turning on a pollution source baffle, and turning on a pollution collecting sheet baffle. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when ultraviolet light simultaneously radiates a pollution collection sheet and a pollution source; after 24 hours the vacuum chamber was opened and the soiled collection sheet was removed.

i. Comparing the pollutant components of the step h and the pollutant components of the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount of the step h and the pollutant deposition amount of the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light radiates the pollution collecting sheet and the radiation pollution source simultaneously;

in the present invention, the method of the contamination test further comprises:

j. and d, carrying out optical performance test on the pollutant sampling sheet obtained in the steps a, b, d, f and h to obtain the effect of the influence of vacuum pollution on the optical performance of the pollutant sampling sheet in the vacuum environment at different temperatures and under different ultraviolet radiation.

The invention has the following technical effects:

(1) aiming at the increase of the pollution of the sensitive surface of the spacecraft caused by the space ultraviolet radiation, the ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect test device is provided;

(2) a method for developing the ultraviolet radiation pollution enhancement effect is provided, and the molecular pollution enhancement effect of space ultraviolet radiation on sensitive materials outside the cabin and the mechanism thereof can be accurately analyzed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for the ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect of the spacecraft space in the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for a spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect in the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the test device for the spacecraft space ultraviolet induced pollution enhancement effect comprises an ultraviolet light source 1, a transmission window 2, a vacuum chamber 3, a pollution source baffle 4, a pollution source 5, a pollution source bracket 6, a pollution source temperature control device 7, a pollution collection sheet baffle 8, a pollution collection sheet 9, a pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10, a pollution collection sheet sample stage 11, a pollution collection sheet temperature control device 12, a real-time pollution component monitoring system 13, a test and control system 14, and a vacuum system 15.

The pollution source baffle 4, the pollution source 5, the pollution source bracket 6, the pollution source temperature control device 7, the pollution collection sheet baffle 8, the pollution collection sheet 9, the pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10, the pollution collection sheet sample stage 11 and the pollution collection sheet temperature control device 12 are all positioned in the vacuum cavity 3, and the vacuum system 15 is positioned outside the vacuum cavity 3 and is used for vacuumizing the vacuum cavity 1;

the pollution source temperature control device 7 is fixed on a pollution source bracket 6, the pollution source bracket 6 is positioned at the bottom of the vacuum cavity 3, the pollution source 5 is placed on the pollution source bracket 6, and the pollution source baffle 4 is positioned right in front of the pollution source 5 and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the transmission window 2 is positioned on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber 3, so that the ultraviolet light source 1 can be irradiated into the vacuum chamber 3 through the transmission window 2, and a transmission line 16 of the ultraviolet light is shown; the temperature control device 12 for the pollution collecting sheet is fixed on a sample table 11 for the pollution collecting sheet, the sample table 11 for the pollution collecting sheet is positioned at the other side of the vacuum cavity 3, and the pollution collecting sheet 9 is placed on the sample table 11 for the pollution collecting sheet; the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8 is positioned right in front of the pollution collecting sheet 9 and used for blocking ultraviolet irradiation; the pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10 is mounted on the pollution collection sheet temperature control device 12 and is used for monitoring the pollution deposition amount in the vacuum cavity 3 in real time; the real-time monitoring system 13 is used for monitoring the pollutant components in the vacuum chamber 3 in real time; the testing and controlling system 14 is respectively connected with the pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10 and the pollution component real-time monitoring system 13. The ultraviolet light transmission line 16 is used for transmitting ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light source 1 through the transmission window 2 to irradiate into the vacuum cavity 3 and vertically irradiate on the pollution source baffle 4, the pollution source 5, the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8 and the pollution collecting sheet 9.

Example 1: taking silicon rubber as a pollution source.

a. Closing the vacuum cavity 3, vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa by using a vacuum system 15, starting a pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10 and a pollution component real-time monitoring system 13, raising the temperature of a pollution source 5 to 25 ℃ or 125 ℃ by using a pollution source temperature control device 7, keeping the temperature of a pollution collecting sheet 9 at five temperatures of-60 ℃, 20 ℃, 60 ℃ and 100 ℃ by using a pollution collecting sheet temperature control device 12, keeping the vacuum to continuously monitor the pollution components and the change of the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain a plurality of groups of components and pollution deposition amount of pollutants in the vacuum environment; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

b. placing the replaced pollution collection sheet on a pollution collection sheet sample table, changing the temperature of the pollution collection sheet 9 to five temperature values of-60 ℃, 20 ℃, 60 ℃ and 100 ℃ by using a pollution collection sheet temperature control device 12, keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of the pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments after the temperature is changed; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

c. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (d) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (d) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet. The pollutant deposition amount gradually increases with the increase of the temperature;

d. and placing the replaced pollution collecting sheet on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning on the pollution source baffle 4, and turning off the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

e. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (d) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (d) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

f. and (3) placing the pollution collection sheet after the third replacement on a pollution collection sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning off the pollution source baffle 4, and turning on the pollution collection sheet baffle 8. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate a pollution source; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

g. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (e) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (e) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate the pollution source. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

h. and (3) placing the pollution collecting sheet after the fourth replacement on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning on the pollution source baffle 4, and turning on the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8. Maintaining vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when ultraviolet light simultaneously radiates a pollution collecting sheet and a pollution source; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

i. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step h with the pollutant components in the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step h with the pollutant deposition amount in the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light radiates the pollution collecting sheet and the radiation pollution source simultaneously. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

j. and c, carrying out optical performance test on the pollutant sampling sheet obtained in the steps a, b, d, f and h to obtain the effect of the influence of vacuum pollution on the optical performance of the pollutant sampling sheet in the vacuum environment at different temperatures and different ultraviolet radiation: vacuum contamination can degrade the optical performance of the contaminant sampling sheet, in particular by reduced transmission, spectral shifts, and more significantly at high temperatures and in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.

Example 2: taking the gray cable as a pollution source.

a. Closing the vacuum cavity 3, vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa by using a vacuum system 15, starting a pollution deposition amount monitoring device 10 and a pollution component real-time monitoring system 13, raising the temperature of a pollution source 5 to 25 ℃ or 125 ℃ by using a pollution source temperature control device 7, keeping the temperature of a pollution collecting sheet 9 at five temperatures of-80 ℃, 45 ℃,10 ℃,25 ℃ and 60 ℃ by using a pollution collecting sheet temperature control device 12, keeping the vacuum to continuously monitor the pollution components and the change of the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain a plurality of groups of pollutant components and pollution deposition amount in the vacuum environment; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

b. placing the replaced pollution collecting sheet on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, changing the temperature of a pollution collecting sheet 9 to be five temperature values of-80 ℃, 45 ℃,10 ℃,25 ℃ and 60 ℃ by using a pollution collecting sheet temperature control device 12, keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the test and control system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments after the temperature is changed; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

c. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (d) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (d) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet. The pollutant deposition amount gradually increases with the increase of the temperature;

d. and placing the replaced pollution collecting sheet on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning on the pollution source baffle 4, and turning off the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

e. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (d) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (d) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution source and does not radiate the pollution collecting sheet. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

f. and (3) placing the pollution collection sheet after the third replacement on a pollution collection sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning off the pollution source baffle 4, and turning on the pollution collection sheet baffle 8. Keeping vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when the ultraviolet only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate a pollution source; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

g. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step (e) with the pollutant components in the step (b) at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step (e) with the pollutant deposition amount in the step (b) at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light only radiates the pollution collecting sheet and does not radiate the pollution source. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

h. and (3) placing the pollution collecting sheet after the fourth replacement on a pollution collecting sheet sample table, turning on the ultraviolet light source 1, turning on the pollution source baffle 4, and turning on the pollution collecting sheet baffle 8. Maintaining vacuum to continuously monitor the change of the polluted components and the pollution deposition amount, and transmitting the change to the testing and controlling system 14 to obtain the components and the pollution deposition amount of pollutants in a plurality of groups of vacuum environments when ultraviolet light simultaneously radiates a pollution collecting sheet and a pollution source; opening the vacuum cavity 3 after 24 hours, and taking out the pollution collection sheet;

i. and (c) comparing the pollutant components in the step h with the pollutant components in the step b at the same time, and comparing the pollutant deposition amount in the step h with the pollutant deposition amount in the step b at the same time to obtain the change of the pollutant components and the pollutant deposition amount when the ultraviolet light radiates the pollution collecting sheet and the radiation pollution source simultaneously. When ultraviolet irradiation exists, the pollution deposition amount is increased;

j. and c, carrying out optical performance test on the pollutant sampling sheet obtained in the steps a, b, d, f and h to obtain the effect of the influence of vacuum pollution on the optical performance of the pollutant sampling sheet in the vacuum environment at different temperatures and different ultraviolet radiation: vacuum contamination can degrade the optical performance of the contaminant sampling sheet, in particular by reduced transmission, spectral shifts, and more significantly at high temperatures and in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.