阅读说明：本技术 一种油茶果低成本高品质采收方法 (Low-cost high-quality oil tea fruit harvesting method ) 是由 郭少海 郭旭升 许杰 王进 张明刚 刘海 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种油茶果低成本高品质采收方法,其包括：1、将304不锈钢网裁剪成矩形,并在长边缝制自粘条；2、制作两股叉型立杆,并将不锈钢网四个角固定在立杆上；3、将已经固定不锈钢网的不锈钢立杆围绕油茶树插入地面,并将自粘条粘合；4、到油茶果采收期时,自油茶果自动脱落在不锈钢网上开始,一周左右收集落在网上的油茶果一次,进行预处理；5、再隔一周左右第二次收集不锈钢网上的油茶果,进行预处理；6、第二次收集时,若油茶树上油茶果全部脱落,则采收结束；7、隔3天后再次确认油茶树上油茶果全部脱落,从而完成油茶果采收。采用本发明后,有效地降低了采收成本,提高了油茶籽含油率,也大幅度提升了油茶籽的品质。(The invention discloses a low-cost high-quality oil tea fruit harvesting method, which comprises the following steps: 1. cutting the 304 stainless steel net into a rectangle, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side; 2. manufacturing two fork-shaped vertical rods, and fixing four corners of a stainless steel mesh on the vertical rods; 3. inserting the stainless steel upright post fixed with the stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera and bonding the self-adhesive strips; 4. when the harvesting period of the oil tea fruits is reached, collecting the oil tea fruits falling on the stainless steel net once in about one week from the time when the oil tea fruits automatically fall off on the stainless steel net, and carrying out pretreatment; 5. collecting the oil tea fruits on the stainless steel mesh for the second time at intervals of about one week, and performing pretreatment; 6. during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished; 7. and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again after every 3 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting. After the method is adopted, the harvesting cost is effectively reduced, the oil content of the camellia seeds is improved, and the quality of the camellia seeds is also greatly improved.)

1. A low-cost high-quality harvesting method for oil tea fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting the 304 stainless steel net into a rectangle, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side;

(2) manufacturing two fork-shaped vertical rods, and fixing four corners of a stainless steel mesh on the vertical rods;

(3) inserting the stainless steel upright post fixed with the stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera and bonding the self-adhesive strips;

(4) when the harvesting period of the oil tea fruits is reached, collecting the oil tea fruits falling on the stainless steel net once a week from the time when the oil tea fruits automatically fall off on the stainless steel net, and performing pretreatment;

(5) collecting the oil tea fruits on the stainless steel net for the second time at intervals of a week, and performing pretreatment;

(6) during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished;

(7) and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again after every 3 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting.

2. The low-cost high-quality harvesting method of the camellia oleifera fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), a 304 stainless steel net with the aperture of 1-2cm is cut into a rectangle with the length of 5 m × 2.5 m, and a self-adhesive strip is sewn on the long side.

3. The low-cost high-quality harvesting method of the camellia oleifera fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), two fork-shaped upright posts are manufactured, the distance between the forks is 35-45cm, the fork head is 20-30cm long, the fork rod is 50-70cm high, and four corners of a stainless steel net are fixed on the upright posts.

4. The low-cost high-quality harvesting method of the camellia oleifera fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the stainless steel upright rods with the fixed stainless steel mesh are inserted into the ground around the camellia oleifera tree in a size of 4 m by 4 m, the plane of the fork heads and the camellia oleifera tree stems are basically in a plane, the self-adhesive cloth is bonded, and the initial laying of the mesh is finished at the end of 9 months.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology for harvesting oil-tea camellia fruits, in particular to a low-cost high-quality oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting method.

Background

The existing oil tea fruit harvesting adopts all manual methods, and when the oil tea fruits are harvested in a harvesting period, because all manual harvesting is adopted, a harvester cannot only harvest cracked mature fruits, and the uncracked oil tea fruits which are not completely mature are also harvested together; compared with the camellia seeds in the camellia oleifera fruits which are fully matured and harvested, the oil content of the camellia seeds in the camellia oleifera fruits in batches is reduced, and the industrial economic benefit is reduced. The current market selling price of the oil-tea camellia fruits is about 1.80 yuan, the harvesting cost of each kilogram of oil-tea camellia fruits is about 0.50 yuan, the harvesting cost occupies about 30% of the market selling price, and the cost of oil-tea camellia forest management, water and fertilizer and the like is deducted, so that a few profits are left. In recent years, as the problem of difficult labor in China is more and more prominent, the problem that enough labor force cannot be found in the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting period is caused in partial areas, in order to solve the problem, the oil-tea camellia fruit can be harvested only in advance, and the proportion of the immature oil-tea camellia fruit is increased, so that the oil content of oil-tea camellia seeds in the oil-tea camellia fruit batches is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of the oil-tea camellia industry is further reduced.

In a few areas, seeds are picked up manually, and because the camellia oleifera fruits falling on the ground cannot be recovered in time, the phenomena of mildewing and rotting of the camellia oleifera fruits are common, and the quality of the camellia oleifera seeds is reduced. Because the oil tea fruits falling to the ground can only be picked up manually, the labor cost still occupies more than one fourth of the selling price of the oil tea fruits, and the problem of high picking cost still cannot be solved.

Therefore, the research and development of the high-efficiency, low-cost and high-quality oil tea fruit harvesting technology is imperative.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the low-cost high-quality oil tea fruit harvesting method, so that the oil tea fruit harvesting cost is greatly reduced, and the quality of the oil tea seeds in the harvested oil tea fruits is greatly improved.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. A low-cost high-quality harvesting method for oil tea fruits comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting the 304 stainless steel net into a rectangle, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side;

(2) manufacturing two fork-shaped vertical rods, and fixing four corners of a stainless steel mesh on the vertical rods;

(3) inserting the stainless steel upright post fixed with the stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera and bonding the self-adhesive strips;

(4) when the harvesting period of the oil tea fruits is reached, collecting the oil tea fruits falling on the stainless steel net once a week from the time when the oil tea fruits automatically fall off on the stainless steel net, and performing pretreatment;

(5) collecting the oil tea fruits on the stainless steel net for the second time at intervals of a week, and performing pretreatment;

(6) during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished;

(7) and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again after every 3 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting.

Establishing a receiving network under the camellia oleifera forest:

cutting a 304 stainless steel net with the aperture of 1-2cm into a rectangle of 5 m by 2.5 m, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side; manufacturing two fork-shaped upright posts, wherein the fork spacing is 35-45cm, the fork head is 20-30cm long, the fork rod is 50-70cm high, and four corners of a stainless steel net are fixed on the upright posts; inserting the stainless steel upright rods with the fixed stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera tree in the size of 4 m by 4 m, wherein the planes of the fork heads and the camellia oleifera tree rods are basically in one plane, and bonding the self-adhesive cloth, wherein the initial net arrangement is finished at the end of 9 months.

Efficient harvesting of oil tea fruits:

after the oil tea fruits are completely ripe, the oil tea fruits can fall off automatically, calculation is carried out from the automatic falling of the oil tea fruits on a stainless steel net, the oil tea fruits falling on the net are collected once in about one week, and pretreatment is carried out; collecting the oil tea fruits on the stainless steel mesh for the second time at intervals of about one week, and performing pretreatment; during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished; and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again after every 3 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting.

The principle of the invention is that a stainless steel soft net woven by 304 stainless steel wires is made into two connectable rectangles, and the two rectangles are connected to form a square; in order to facilitate the fixation, a steel fork vertical rod is manufactured and fixed at four corners of a square; when the stainless steel is arranged on the periphery of the oil tea tree, in order to enable oil tea fruits to be easily collected in the falling net, when the steel forks are fixed, the side length is shrunk by 1 meter to form a net bag; when the oil tea fruits are completely ripe, the oil tea fruits fall off the net bag and are collected periodically; because the oil tea fruit does not contact with the ground, and the stainless steel net ventilates well to make the problem that the oil tea fruit mixes the foreign matter obtain solving, also make to pile up the problem that probably mildenes and rot and get solving. The oil tea fruits harvested by the method are completely mature and automatically fall off, so that the oil content reaches the highest, after-ripening is not needed, and the oil yield and the processing efficiency of the raw materials are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the method of manufacturing the stainless steel net bag, installing the stainless steel net bag around the oil tea tree, receiving the completely mature oil tea fruits and then collecting and processing the oil tea fruits in a centralized way.

By adopting the prior art, when the oil-tea camellia fruits are collected, if manual picking is adopted, the contact with the branches and the heads of the oil-tea camellia trees can not be avoided, so that part of oil-tea camellia flowers fall off, and the fruit bearing rate of the oil-tea camellia fruits in the second year is reduced, thereby reducing the income in the second year; the labor amount of manual picking is large, so that the labor cost for picking the oil tea fruits is high, and the problem that the raw material price is high is also caused; meanwhile, the problem of picking the camellia oleifera fruits not completely mature in advance can also occur, and the overall oil content is reduced. The method for picking up the seeds by naturally falling to the ground in the prior art can cause the problems of foreign matter and impurities mixed in the oil-tea camellia fruits, seed falling and deterioration and high labor cost. Compared with the prior art, the invention avoids the problem that the camellia oleifera flowers are full of bloom and fall off due to no contact with the tree crowns; meanwhile, the quality of the raw materials is greatly improved, the recovery cost is effectively reduced, the recovery efficiency is improved, and the oil content of the raw materials is improved. According to the receiving network system manufactured by the invention, the investment fund amount is little through measurement and calculation, and the wasted labor cost can be recovered only in the first year even if the economic benefit of improving the quality and the oil content is not calculated; the invention has simple implementation, thereby having popularization value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following figures and examples:

as shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a low-cost high-quality oil tea fruit harvesting method, which is a method for reducing the oil tea fruit harvesting cost and improving the oil tea fruit quality by fixing a manufactured stainless steel mesh below an oil tea tree, automatically dropping the oil tea fruit on the stainless steel mesh after the oil tea fruit is mature and collecting the oil tea fruit for 2-3 times.

By adopting the method, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the oil-tea camellia seeds have the highest oil content because the oil-tea camellia fruits are collected after being completely ripe and fallen off; because the oil tea fruit drops on the stainless steel net automatically, avoided contacting with the soil, not only make the problem that the bad impurity of raw materials produced obtain solving, moreover because the oil tea fruit is unsettled after dropping, the oil tea seed after dropping has realized dewatering drying because the ventilation is good automatically for produce the scheduling problem that mildenes and rot and obtain solving, has effectively improved the quality of oil tea seed.

Example 1: cutting a 304 stainless steel net with the aperture of 1.5cm into a rectangle of 5 meters by 2.5 meters, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side; manufacturing two fork-shaped vertical rods, wherein the distance between the forks is 35cm, the length of the fork head is 25cm, the height of the fork rod is 50cm, and fixing four corners of a stainless steel net on the vertical rods; inserting the stainless steel upright rods with the fixed stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera tree in the size of 4 m by 4 m, wherein the planes of the fork heads and the camellia oleifera tree rods are basically in one plane, bonding the self-adhesive cloth, and finishing the primary net distribution within 9 months and 20 days. After the oil tea fruits are completely ripe, the oil tea fruits can fall off automatically, calculation is carried out from the time when the oil tea fruits fall off on a stainless steel net automatically, and the oil tea fruits falling on the stainless steel net are collected once in 6 days for pretreatment; collecting oil tea fruits on the stainless steel net for the second time in 8 days, and pretreating; during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished; and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again every 3 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting.

Example 2: cutting a 304 stainless steel net with the aperture of 2cm into a rectangle with the length of 5 m by 2.5 m, and sewing a self-adhesive strip on the long side; manufacturing two fork-shaped upright posts, wherein the fork spacing is 45cm, the fork head is 30cm long, the fork rod is 70cm high, and four corners of a stainless steel net are fixed on the upright posts; inserting the stainless steel upright rods with the fixed stainless steel net into the ground around the camellia oleifera tree in the size of 4 m by 4 m, wherein the planes of the fork heads and the camellia oleifera tree rods are basically in one plane, bonding the self-adhesive cloth, and finishing the primary net distribution in 25 days of 9 months. After the oil tea fruits are completely ripe, the oil tea fruits can fall off automatically, calculation is carried out from the time when the oil tea fruits fall off on a stainless steel net automatically, and the oil tea fruits falling on the net are collected once in 7 days for pretreatment; collecting the oil tea fruits on the stainless steel mesh for the second time at intervals of 9 days, and performing pretreatment; during the second collection, if the camellia oleifera fruits on the camellia oleifera trees fall off completely, the collection is finished; and confirming that all the oil-tea camellia fruits on the oil-tea camellia tree fall off again after every 4 days, thereby finishing the oil-tea camellia fruit harvesting.

By adopting the method, the harvesting cost can be reduced by more than 40%, and the oil content of the camellia seeds is improved by more than 1%; the first-grade rate of the camellia seeds is more than 90%, and no camellia seeds with the second grade or less are produced.

It should be understood that equivalent substitutions and changes to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be made by those skilled in the art to the protection scope of the appended claims.