阅读说明：本技术 一种隧道开挖台车及人工钻爆施工方法 (Tunnel excavation trolley and manual drilling and blasting construction method ) 是由 丁亚辉 张富有 刘保文 柳小胜 王少飞 徐翾玄 沈冲 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种隧道开挖台车及人工钻爆施工方法,台车包括车体,车体前端设有导向弧形架,导向弧形架可进行横向及竖向调整,导向弧形架与隧道开挖轮廓匹配。导向弧形架上装有多个伸缩支杆,伸缩支杆与导向弧形架的平面垂直,伸缩支杆的顶端设有导向固定杆,导向固定杆与伸缩支杆、导向弧形架均垂直,导向固定杆用于钻杆导向穿过及固定。通过伸缩支杆和导向固定杆实现钻杆满足爆破周边孔眼夹角在2°-3°内的规范要求,解决传统人工钻眼“扶不住”导致钻孔偏差大,光面爆破效果差的问题,提高周边眼的钻孔精度及钻孔质量,达到控制爆破超欠挖的目的；提高爆破完成后围岩的平整度；提高人工爆破施工效率；减少补炮次数,节约炸材和喷射混凝土。(The invention provides a tunnel excavation trolley and a manual drilling and blasting construction method. The guide arc-shaped frame is provided with a plurality of telescopic supporting rods, the telescopic supporting rods are perpendicular to the plane of the guide arc-shaped frame, the top ends of the telescopic supporting rods are provided with guide fixing rods, the guide fixing rods are perpendicular to the telescopic supporting rods and the guide arc-shaped frame, and the guide fixing rods are used for guiding and fixing a drill rod. The drill rod meets the standard requirement that the included angle of blasting peripheral holes is within 2-3 degrees through the telescopic supporting rod and the guide fixing rod, the problems of large drilling deviation and poor smooth blasting effect caused by 'no holding' of a traditional manual drill hole are solved, the drilling precision and the drilling quality of the peripheral holes are improved, and the purpose of controlling blasting overbreak and underexcavation is achieved; the flatness of the surrounding rock after blasting is improved; the construction efficiency of manual blasting is improved; the times of gun repairing are reduced, and the materials for blasting and the sprayed concrete are saved.)

1. The utility model provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, includes the automobile body, its characterized in that: the front end of the vehicle body is provided with a guide arc-shaped frame, the guide arc-shaped frame can be adjusted horizontally and vertically, and the guide arc-shaped frame is matched with the tunnel excavation profile.

2. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 1, wherein: the guide arc-shaped frame is divided into a plurality of units, and every two adjacent units are hinged.

3. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 1, wherein: the lifting device is characterized by further comprising jacks, the jacks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, two jacks are arranged on each side, and the top surfaces of the two jacks close to the guide arc-shaped frame are connected with the guide arc-shaped frame.

4. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 1, wherein: the guide arc-shaped frame is connected with the vehicle body through a guide frame position adjusting frame, the guide arc-shaped frame is connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through a vertical adjusting rod, and the guide frame position adjusting frame is connected with the vehicle body through a transverse adjusting rod.

5. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 1, wherein: the drilling rod guiding device is characterized in that a plurality of telescopic supporting rods are arranged on the guiding arc-shaped frame and are perpendicular to the plane of the guiding arc-shaped frame, guiding fixing rods are arranged at the top ends of the telescopic supporting rods and are perpendicular to the telescopic supporting rods and the guiding arc-shaped frame, and the guiding fixing rods are used for guiding a drilling rod to pass through and fix the drilling rod.

6. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 2, wherein: the guide arc-shaped frame is composed of an A unit, a B unit and a C unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the A unit and the C unit are symmetrically arranged and hinged with the B unit.

7. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 4, wherein: one end of the vertical adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the guide arc-shaped frame, and the other end of the vertical adjusting rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through sawteeth and is fixed through a limiting structure;

one side of the transverse adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the vehicle body, and the other side of the transverse adjusting rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through the saw teeth and is fixed through the limiting structure.

8. The tunnel excavation trolley of claim 5, wherein: the adjustable drill rod fixing device is characterized in that a front drill rod guide hole and a rear drill rod guide hole are formed in the guide fixing rod, the front drill rod guide hole is close to the telescopic supporting rod, and the rear drill rod guide hole is connected with an adjustable lead screw.

9. A tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method is adopted by the tunnel excavation trolley of claim 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1) after the last cycle construction of tunnel excavation is completed, pushing a tunnel excavation trolley to a tunnel face to enable the trolley to be positioned at a tunnel excavation central line, and then adjusting and positioning the transverse and vertical positions of the guide arc-shaped frame according to a tunnel excavation contour line;

step 2) designing the positions of peripheral holes according to tunnel blasting, marking on the tunnel face, adjusting the telescopic supporting rod according to the marked positions of the holes to enable the guiding fixed rod to be consistent with the designed positions of the holes, and adjusting the adjustable lead screw to enable the guiding fixed rod to meet the requirement of an external insertion angle;

and 3) penetrating a drill rod into the drill rod from the adjusted guide positioning rod by using a pneumatic rock drill to perform drilling construction of peripheral holes, performing charging and initiation network connection according to drilling and blasting design parameters after drilling is finished, retreating the trolley to a safe area, sounding an explosion alarm, and initiating explosion after a whole worker retreats out of the hole to complete drilling and blasting construction.

10. The artificial drilling and blasting construction method for the tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: the pitching angle position of the guide arc-shaped frame in the step 1) is adjusted through a jack, so that the drilling direction is consistent with the tunnel direction.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel excavation trolley and a manual drilling and blasting construction method.

Background

With the annual increase of mountain tunnel construction projects, the drilling and blasting construction technology is widely applied. The common drilling and blasting excavation trolley comprises a manual drilling and blasting excavation trolley and a mechanical arm rock drilling trolley. Because the mechanical arm rock drilling trolley is expensive and needs skilled operation technology to have higher efficiency, the existing tunnel excavation construction mostly uses a manual drilling and blasting excavation trolley to carry out manual drilling, charging, blasting and other excavation operations.

In the construction of full-section excavation, current artifical brill explodes to dig platform truck mainly plays the platform effect, and whether brill explodes the design requirement that whether drilling angle and degree of depth satisfy in the brill explodes that excavates, mainly depends on drilling operation personnel's technical merit, and artifical drilling quality and precision are the key of controlling the tunnel and surpass owing to dig, improve tunnel excavation construction quality, practice thrift construction cost's difficult point and the control degree of difficulty is great. How to improve artifical drilling and blasting method drilling quality, reduce the tunnel and surpass owing to dig to present drilling and blasting platform truck's design improvement provides more significant requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tunnel excavation trolley, which overcomes the technical problems in the prior art.

The invention also aims to provide a tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method, which effectively improves the control on the drilling angle and precision in manual drilling and blasting construction and improves the blasting quality.

Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, includes the automobile body, the automobile body front end is equipped with direction arc frame, direction arc frame can carry out horizontal and vertical adjustment, direction arc frame and tunnel excavation profile match.

The guide arc-shaped frame is divided into a plurality of units, and every two adjacent units are hinged.

The lifting device is characterized by further comprising jacks, the jacks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body, two jacks are arranged on each side, and the top surfaces of the two jacks close to the guide arc-shaped frame are connected with the guide arc-shaped frame.

The guide arc-shaped frame is connected with the vehicle body through a guide frame position adjusting frame, the guide arc-shaped frame is connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through a vertical adjusting rod, and the guide frame position adjusting frame is connected with the vehicle body through a transverse adjusting rod.

The drilling rod guiding device is characterized in that a plurality of telescopic supporting rods are arranged on the guiding arc-shaped frame and are perpendicular to the plane of the guiding arc-shaped frame, guiding fixing rods are arranged at the top ends of the telescopic supporting rods and are perpendicular to the telescopic supporting rods and the guiding arc-shaped frame, and the guiding fixing rods are used for guiding a drilling rod to pass through and fix the drilling rod.

The guide arc-shaped frame is composed of an A unit, a B unit and a C unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the A unit and the C unit are symmetrically arranged and hinged with the B unit.

One end of the vertical adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the guide arc-shaped frame, and the other end of the vertical adjusting rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through sawteeth and is fixed through a limiting structure;

one side of the transverse adjusting rod is fixedly connected with the vehicle body, and the other side of the transverse adjusting rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame through the saw teeth and is fixed through the limiting structure.

The adjustable drill rod fixing device is characterized in that a front drill rod guide hole and a rear drill rod guide hole are formed in the guide fixing rod, the front drill rod guide hole is close to the telescopic supporting rod, and the rear drill rod guide hole is connected with an adjustable lead screw.

A tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method adopts a tunnel excavation trolley and comprises the following steps:

step 1) after the last cycle construction of tunnel excavation is completed, pushing a tunnel excavation trolley to a tunnel face to enable the trolley to be positioned at a tunnel excavation central line, and then adjusting and positioning the transverse and vertical positions of the guide arc-shaped frame according to a tunnel excavation contour line;

step 2) designing the positions of peripheral holes according to tunnel blasting, marking on the tunnel face, adjusting the telescopic supporting rod 4 according to the marked positions of the holes to enable the guiding fixed rod 14 to be consistent with the designed positions of the holes, and adjusting the adjustable lead screw 17 to enable the guiding fixed rod 14 to meet the requirement of an external inserting angle;

and 3) penetrating a drill rod into the drill rod from the adjusted guide positioning rod by using a pneumatic rock drill to perform drilling construction of peripheral holes, performing charging and initiation network connection according to drilling and blasting design parameters after drilling is finished, retreating the trolley to a safe area, sounding an explosion alarm, and initiating explosion after a whole worker retreats out of the hole to complete drilling and blasting construction.

The pitching angle position of the guide arc-shaped frame in the step 1) is adjusted through a jack and telescopic supporting rods, and the comprehensive track formed after all the telescopic supporting rods are telescopically adjusted is the contour line of the tunnel excavation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the tunnel excavation trolley provided by the invention, the guide arc-shaped frame is divided into a plurality of units, the angles of the supports of the units are adjusted by adopting the hinged adjusting rods among the units, and the aim of adapting to different excavation sections is achieved by combining the telescopic support rods.

This tunnel excavation platform truck is through setting up the jack, adjusts the jack height, can adjust the height and the angle of pitch of direction arc frame. The horizontal and vertical accurate adjustment of the guide arc-shaped frame can be realized through the guide frame position adjusting frame, the vertical adjusting rod and the horizontal adjusting rod.

The invention realizes that the drill rod meets the standard requirement that the included angle of blasting peripheral holes is within 2-3 degrees through the telescopic supporting rod and the guide fixing rod, solves the problems of large drilling deviation and poor smooth blasting effect caused by 'no holding' of the traditional manual drilling hole, improves the drilling precision and the drilling quality of the peripheral holes and achieves the purpose of controlling blasting overbreak and underexcavation; the flatness of the surrounding rock after blasting is improved; the construction efficiency of manual blasting is improved; the times of gun repairing are reduced, and the materials for blasting and the sprayed concrete are saved.

The following will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of one embodiment of a guide arc;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a telescoping strut;

fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional excavation truck.

In the figure: 1. a guiding arc-shaped frame; 2. a vehicle body; 3. a jack; 4. a telescopic strut; 5. a guide frame position adjusting frame; 6. a vertical adjusting rod; 7. a transverse adjusting rod; 8. a hinge point; 9. adjusting a rod; 10. a limiting structure; 11. excavating a contour line; 12. tunnel surrounding rock; 13. an operation platform; 14. a guide fixing rod; 15. a front drill rod guide hole; 16. a rear drill rod guide hole; 17. the lead screw can be adjusted.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

Example 1:

this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, including automobile body 2, 2 front ends of automobile body are equipped with direction arc frame 1, direction arc frame 1 can carry out horizontal and vertical adjustment, direction arc frame 1 matches with the tunnel excavation profile.

And welding a guide arc-shaped frame 1 similar to the excavation contour line 11 on one side of the trolley close to the tunnel face, wherein the guide arc-shaped frame 1 is designed according to the radius smaller than 1150cm of the tunnel design excavation contour line. Because tunnel excavation section size is changeable, through carrying out horizontal and vertical adjustment to guide arc frame 1, can adapt to different excavation sections.

The invention improves the existing excavation trolley (as shown in figure 5), and constructors stand on an operation platform 13 and achieve the purpose of adapting to different excavation sections by adjusting the consistency of the guide arc-shaped frame 1 and the excavation contour line 11 of the tunnel surrounding rock 12.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, direction arc frame 1 divides the setting of polycell, adopts between each adjacent unit to articulate.

For adapting to different excavation sections, divide into the polycell setting with the arc frame, adopt between the unit to adjust pole 9 and articulate with the adjustment unit angle, conveniently carry out horizontal and vertical adjustment to direction arc frame 1.

Example 3:

on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, still includes jack 3, the both sides of automobile body 2 are located to jack 3 symmetry, and every side is equipped with two jack 3, and is close to guide arc frame 1 is connected to the top surface of two jack 3 of guide arc frame 1.

As shown in fig. 2, two jacks 3 are arranged on one side close to the tunnel face (i.e. on one side close to the guide arc-shaped frame 1), the top surfaces of the two jacks 3 far away from the guide arc-shaped frame 1 are connected with the vehicle body 2, and the height and pitch angle of the guide arc-shaped frame 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the jacks 3.

Example 4:

on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, guide arc frame 1 is connected with automobile body 2 through guide frame position adjustment frame 5, connect through vertical regulation pole 6 between guide arc frame 1 and the guide frame position adjustment frame 5, connect through horizontal regulation pole 7 between guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the automobile body 2.

A guide frame position adjusting frame 5 is arranged between the guide arc-shaped frame 1 and the excavation trolley, and the position of the guide frame position adjusting frame 5 is shown in figure 2. As shown in fig. 1, a transverse adjusting rod 7 is installed between the guide frame position adjusting frame 5 and the excavation trolley, so that only transverse movement between the guide frame position adjusting frame 5 and the excavation trolley can be ensured, and after adjustment is completed, the guide frame position adjusting frame and the excavation trolley are fixed by a limiting structure 10. Vertical adjusting rod 6 is installed between guide frame position adjusting frame 5 and guide arc frame 1, and only vertical movement can occur between guide frame position adjusting frame 5 and the arc guide support, and after adjustment is completed, limiting structure 10 is adopted for fixing.

The transverse adjusting rod 7 and the vertical adjusting rod 6 realize the transverse and vertical accurate adjustment of the guide arc-shaped frame 1.

Example 5:

on the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, be equipped with a plurality of telescopic support rods 4 on the arc frame of direction 1, telescopic support rods 4 are perpendicular with the cambered surface of arc frame of direction 1, telescopic support rods 4's top is equipped with direction dead lever 14, direction dead lever 14 is all perpendicular with telescopic support rods 4, arc frame of direction 1, direction dead lever 14 is used for the drilling rod direction to pass and fixed.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, set up telescopic strut 4 on the arc support of direction, telescopic strut 4's top is equipped with direction dead lever 14 for the fixed and location of drilling rod when all holes punch in the tunnel, drive rack gear through the chain and realize telescopic adjustment of telescopic strut 4, thereby drive the drilling rod and carry out position control, drive mechanism can set up electric drive simultaneously, multiple operating mode such as realization button-type operation and manual operation, so that changeable construction needs in the adaptation tunnel.

Example 6:

on the basis of embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation platform truck, direction arc frame 1 comprises A unit, B unit and the C unit that connects gradually, A unit and C unit symmetry set up and all articulate with the B unit. As shown in fig. 1 and 3.

The unit A, the unit B and the unit C are hinged through a scissor support, and as shown in fig. 3, the positioning adjustment of the guide arc-shaped frame 1 is realized through the position of a hinged point 8 and an adjusting rod 9.

Example 7:

on the basis of embodiment 4, the embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein one end of a vertical adjusting rod 6 is fixedly connected with a guide arc-shaped frame 1, and the other end of the vertical adjusting rod 6 is meshed and connected with a guide frame position adjusting frame 5 through sawteeth and is fixed through a limiting structure 10;

one side of the transverse adjusting rod 7 is fixedly connected with the vehicle body 2, and the other side of the transverse adjusting rod 7 is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjusting frame 5 through sawteeth and is fixed through a limiting structure 10.

As shown in fig. 1, the transverse and vertical precise adjustment of the guiding arc-shaped frame 1 is realized by the transverse adjusting rod 7 and the vertical adjusting rod 6, and after the adjustment is completed, the guiding arc-shaped frame is fixed by the limiting structure 10.

Example 8:

on the basis of embodiment 5, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, a front drill rod guide hole 15 and a rear drill rod guide hole 16 are opened on the guide fixing rod 14, the front drill rod guide hole 15 is close to the telescopic supporting rod 4, and the rear drill rod guide hole 16 is connected with an adjustable lead screw 17.

As shown in figure 4, an adjustable screw rod 17 is arranged in the front drill rod guide hole 15 to adjust the external insertion angle of the drill rod, so that the standard requirement that the included angle (external insertion angle) of the blasting peripheral holes is within 2-3 degrees is met. After telescopic strut 4 stretches out, the comprehensive orbit that mouth formed is supported to all telescopic strut 4 upper ends is appointed excavation contour line, support the mouth and have certain length (distance between preceding drilling rod guiding hole 15 and back drilling rod guiding hole 16), be used for the effective fixed drilling rod direction, whole direction arc frame 1 can carry out the level on boring and exploding the platform truck simultaneously, the regulation of two vertical directions is removed, compensate to bore and explode the error that the platform truck removed the rock face after repeatedly and brought, finally concentrate unified adjustment, reach the location effect in accurate positioning all round holes.

Example 9:

the embodiment provides a tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method, which adopts a tunnel excavation trolley and comprises the following steps:

step 1), after the last cycle of tunnel excavation is completed, pushing a tunnel excavation trolley to a tunnel face to enable the trolley to be positioned at a tunnel excavation central line, and then adjusting the transverse and vertical positions of the guide arc-shaped frame 1 according to a tunnel excavation contour line 11 and then positioning;

step 2) designing the positions of peripheral holes according to tunnel blasting, marking on the tunnel face, adjusting the telescopic supporting rod 4 according to the marked positions of the holes to enable the guiding fixed rod 14 to be consistent with the designed positions of the holes, and adjusting the adjustable lead screw 17 to enable the guiding fixed rod 14 to meet the requirement of an external inserting angle;

and 3) penetrating a drill rod into the drill rod from the adjusted guide positioning rod by using a pneumatic rock drill to perform drilling construction of peripheral holes, performing charging and initiation network connection according to drilling and blasting design parameters after drilling is finished, retreating the trolley to a safe area, sounding an explosion alarm, and initiating explosion after a whole worker retreats out of the hole to complete drilling and blasting construction.

Example 10:

on the basis of the embodiment 9, the embodiment provides a tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method, and the pitching angle position of the guide arc-shaped frame 1 in the step 1) is adjusted through the jack 3, so that the drilling direction is consistent with the tunnel direction. The problem of uneven ground is solved.

The comprehensive track formed by the telescopic adjustment of all the telescopic supporting rods 4 is a tunnel excavation contour line 11, a pneumatic rock drill is used for penetrating a drill rod from the adjusted guide fixing rod 14 to perform drilling construction of peripheral holes, and the drill rod is always kept in the same straight line with the guide fixing rod 14 in the drilling process so as to ensure that the drilling angle meets the design requirement. Therefore, the drilling precision and the drilling quality of the peripheral holes are improved, and the purpose of controlling blasting overbreak and underbreak is achieved.

The invention has the advantages that:

firstly, the construction precision of the manual drilling of peripheral holes is further improved through a drilling and blasting guide device, and the problem that the traditional worker cannot hold drilling equipment (a rock drill) is solved; improving the smooth blasting quality and the half-mark rate of the blast hole; improving the flatness of the surrounding rock after blasting is finished; fourthly, the construction efficiency of the artificial blasting is improved; fifthly, greatly controlling the over-short excavation of the tunnel; sixthly, the paving and hanging quality of the geotextile and the waterproof board is improved; seventhly, the times of gun repairing are reduced, and frying materials are saved; the amount of the primarily sprayed concrete and the resilience amount are reduced, and the concrete is saved.

The drilling and blasting excavation trolley is suitable for III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock excavation construction of various mountain tunnels, can effectively improve the tunnel excavation construction progress and construction quality, controls the over-under excavation amount, saves manpower, shortens the construction period, reduces the consumption of sprayed concrete and saves the cost. The method provides guarantee for high-quality, efficient and safe construction of engineering, and solves the technical problems that the drilling precision of peripheral holes is difficult to control, the drilling quality is difficult to guarantee, the material consumption of ultra-short excavation is difficult to reduce and the like in a manual drilling and blasting method. The method has high research and popularization values in the tunnel excavation process by the manual drilling and blasting method, and has wide application prospects.

The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims and any design similar or equivalent to the scope of the invention.