阅读说明：本技术 一种复合型高效节能的焚烧炉结构 (Compound high-efficient energy-conserving incinerator structure ) 是由 刘传龙 黄佳欣 叶华 吴述庆 段信豹 余志红 赵三飞 张聪 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明申请公开一种复合型高效节能的焚烧炉结构,涉及焚烧炉技术领域。该复合型高效节能的焚烧炉结构包括焚烧炉本体、微波发生器、波导管、保温层、石英、三氧化二铁陶瓷复合材料、物料投入口、高温废气排放口、空气入口和废气二次入口。所述焚烧炉本体外侧沿圆周方向均匀布置若干个微波发生器。焚烧炉本体内侧敷设保温层,保温层内侧由高温耐火的石英材料构筑成燃烧室。石英内侧布置若干三氧化二铁陶瓷复合材料。本发明通过重复利用焚烧废气,采用复合结构,并合理地布置微波发生器、三氧化二铁陶瓷复合材料,减少焚烧炉内的热量损失,提高焚烧效率,达到节能减排的目的。(The invention discloses a composite type efficient and energy-saving incinerator structure, and relates to the technical field of incinerators. The composite type high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator structure comprises an incinerator body, a microwave generator, a waveguide tube, a heat insulation layer, quartz, an iron oxide ceramic composite material, a material feeding port, a high-temperature waste gas discharge port, an air inlet and a waste gas secondary inlet. A plurality of microwave generators are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the incinerator body along the circumferential direction. The inner side of the incinerator body is laid with a heat-insulating layer, and the inner side of the heat-insulating layer is made of high-temperature and fireproof quartz materials to form a combustion chamber. A plurality of ferric oxide ceramic composite materials are arranged on the inner side of the quartz. According to the invention, the incineration waste gas is repeatedly utilized, a composite structure is adopted, and the microwave generator and the ferric oxide ceramic composite material are reasonably arranged, so that the heat loss in the incinerator is reduced, the incineration efficiency is improved, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.)

1. The utility model provides a compound high-efficient energy-conserving incinerator structure which characterized in that: comprises an incinerator body (1), a microwave generator (5), a waveguide tube (6), a heat-insulating layer (2), quartz (3), an iron oxide ceramic composite material (4), a material feeding port (7), a high-temperature waste gas discharge port (8), an air inlet (9) and a waste gas secondary inlet (10); the incinerator body (1) is in a tower shape at the top, and the bottom is a funnel-shaped stainless steel cylinder body and is arranged vertically; an upper partition plate (13) with a double-layer middle opening is arranged between the tower-shaped part (11) at the top of the incinerator body (1) and the middle cylinder body (12), and the upper partition plate (13) with the opening is fixedly connected with the tower-shaped part (11) and the cylinder body (12) respectively; a lower partition plate (15) with a hole in the middle is arranged between the bottom funnel-shaped part (14) and the cylinder body (12) of the incinerator body (1), the lower partition plate (15) with the hole is fixedly connected with the funnel-shaped part (14) and the cylinder body (12), and supporting legs (16) are arranged on the outer edge of the bottom of the lower partition plate (15) and support the whole incinerator device; both sides of the tower-shaped part (11) are respectively provided with a material inlet (7) and a high-temperature waste gas discharge port (8); an air inlet (9) and a waste gas secondary inlet (10) are respectively formed in two sides of the funnel-shaped part (14), the material feeding port (7) and the air inlet (9) are located on the same side of the incinerator body (1), and the high-temperature waste gas discharge port (8) and the waste gas secondary inlet (10) are located on the same side of the other side of the incinerator body (1); and the high-temperature exhaust gas discharge port (8) is connected with the exhaust gas secondary inlet (10) through a pipeline.

2. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edge of an opening in the middle of the upper partition plate (13) exceeds the opening position of the material feeding port (7), so that materials can directly fall into a hearth after being fed into the incinerator; the diameter of the opening in the middle of the lower partition plate (15) is smaller than the size of the material to be put in, the material is prevented from directly falling from the hearth, and a grid net can be additionally arranged at the opening when necessary.

3. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-insulating layer (2) is laid on the inner side of the incinerator body (1); the quartz (3) is a high-temperature refractory material and is attached to the inner side of the heat-insulating layer (2) to form a combustion chamber; the ferric oxide ceramic composite material (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber formed by quartz (3).

4. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microwave generator (5) is connected with the waveguide tube (6), and the waveguide tube (6) extends into the incinerator body (1); the microwave generator (5) and the waveguide tube (6) are uniformly distributed for a circle at intervals of 36-degree included angles along the outer circumference of the incinerator body (1) at equal heights, and are arranged in a plurality of layers at equal intervals from top to bottom.

5. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: the section of the waveguide tube (6) is rectangular, and the end part of the waveguide tube (6) extending into the incinerator body (1) is a waveguide tube feed port (61); the size of the waveguide tube feed port (61) is the sectional size of the waveguide tube (6), and the arrangement form of the waveguide tube feed ports is orthogonal arrangement, namely the two adjacent waveguide tube feed ports (61) are vertically distributed in a projection plane.

6. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ferric oxide ceramic composite material (4) is a plurality of arc-shaped bodies with the same size, is fixed on the inner wall of a combustion chamber formed by quartz (3), is arranged in a plurality of layers at equal intervals along the height direction of the incinerator body (1), and is arranged in a staggered manner with the microwave generator (5) to avoid a waveguide tube feed port (61).

7. A composite type high efficiency energy saving incinerator structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the height of each iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material (4) is not more than the height between two layers of waveguide tube feed ports (61); the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material (4) is uniformly distributed on the inner side of the wall surface of the quartz (3) in the plane direction by using an included angle of 36 degrees of the adjacent central line, and the length of the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material along the circumference of the inner side of the wall of the quartz (3) is arc length corresponding to an angle of 24 degrees.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of incinerators, relates to a furnace body structure of an incinerator, and particularly relates to a composite efficient energy-saving microwave plasma incinerator structure.

Background

As Chinese economy develops and steps into the expressway, the urbanization process also strides ahead, the material consumption demand increases, so that the discharge amount of garbage increases day by day, and the safe and effective treatment of the garbage becomes an urgent problem. The traditional garbage disposal modes mainly comprise three modes of sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. Compared with the sanitary landfill and composting modes, the incineration treatment mode has obvious advantages of reduction and harmlessness and is gradually improved in the three treatment modes. However, the incineration method has some disadvantages, such as high investment, high operation cost, complex technical process, etc. When the incinerator is used for incinerating garbage, the temperature of the incinerator body is high, the influence of heat diffusion on the surrounding environment is considered to be reduced, meanwhile, heat accumulation is beneficial to full utilization of energy in the garbage incineration, the treatment efficiency is improved, and a high-efficiency energy-saving heat-preserving incinerator structure needs to be researched and developed.

At present, some devices for treating garbage by adopting an incineration mode are disclosed, for example, a Chinese patent with application publication No. CN107185949A discloses a microwave plasma garbage treatment device and a treatment method thereof, wherein the microwave plasma garbage treatment device comprises a microwave plasma garbage treatment part and a high-temperature tail gas purification part, the device treats garbage and toxic and harmful tail gas by using a plasma technology, and discharges the burnt tail gas after being filtered by a smoke purifier so as to realize harmless and recycling treatment; but the process for treating the garbage is complex, and the garbage needs to be pretreated, then crushed into particles with the diameter of 0.1 mm-5 cm, and then injected into a microwave plasma chemical reactor for incineration. Chinese patent No. CN106524172B discloses a method and apparatus for incinerating medical waste by microwave plasma, which uses microwave plasma and electric arc generated by microwave to heat medical waste in earlier stage, removes the plasma and electric arc apparatus after the medical waste to be processed is primarily cracked, and uses pure microwave to further heat medical waste, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of cracking medical waste. In the implementation process of the method, a certain proportion of water needs to be added into the medical waste for pretreatment, the microwave power needs to be adjusted and the depth of the end of the microwave plasma generator entering the hearth needs to be changed in the medical waste treatment process, the operation is complicated, the type of the treated waste is single, and the resource is not favorably saved.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems of large pollution, high energy consumption, complex process and the like in the existing garbage treatment technology, the composite type efficient and energy-saving incinerator structure is provided, and has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, energy recycling, thorough decomposition of harmful substances, secondary pollution avoidance and the like, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

A composite high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator structure comprises an incinerator body, a microwave generator, a waveguide tube, a heat insulation layer, quartz, ferric oxide ceramic composite materials, a material feeding port, a high-temperature waste gas discharge port, an air inlet and a waste gas secondary inlet, wherein the incinerator body is a tower-shaped stainless steel cylinder body with a top and a funnel-shaped bottom and is vertically arranged, microwaves cannot be absorbed by stainless steel metal, and are reflected back and forth in a closed space defined by the incinerator body until the microwaves are completely absorbed by materials in the incinerator, so that the heating process is completed; an upper partition plate with a double-layer middle hole is arranged between the tower-shaped part at the top of the incinerator body and the middle cylinder, and the upper partition plate with the hole is fixedly connected with the tower-shaped part and the cylinder respectively; a lower partition plate with a hole in the middle is arranged between the bottom funnel-shaped part of the incinerator body and the cylinder, and the lower partition plate with the hole is fixedly connected with the funnel-shaped part and the cylinder; the outer edge of the bottom of the lower partition plate is provided with a supporting leg for supporting the whole incinerator device; both sides of the tower-shaped part are respectively provided with a material feeding port and a high-temperature waste gas discharge port; the two sides of the funnel-shaped part are respectively provided with an air inlet and a waste gas secondary inlet, the material feeding port and the air inlet are positioned on the same side of the incinerator body, and the high-temperature waste gas discharge port and the waste gas secondary inlet are positioned on the same side of the other side of the incinerator body; and the high-temperature exhaust gas discharge port is connected with the exhaust gas secondary inlet through a pipeline.

Preferably, the edge of the opening in the middle of the upper partition plate exceeds the opening position of the material feeding port, so that the material can directly fall into the hearth after being fed into the incinerator; the diameter of the opening in the middle of the lower partition plate is smaller than the size of the material to be put in, the material is prevented from directly falling from the hearth, and a grid net can be additionally arranged at the opening when necessary.

Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is laid on the inner side of the incinerator body; the quartz is built into a combustion chamber at the inner side of the heat insulation layer; the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material is arranged on the inner wall of a combustion chamber made of quartz.

Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is made of a high-performance wave-transparent heat-insulating material, so that heat in the furnace is prevented from being dissipated.

Preferably, the microwave generator is connected with a waveguide tube, and the waveguide tube extends into the incinerator body; the microwave generator and the waveguide tube are uniformly distributed in a circle at intervals of 36-degree included angles along the outer circumference of the incinerator body, and are arranged in a plurality of layers at equal intervals from top to bottom.

Preferably, the section of the waveguide tube is rectangular, and the end part of the waveguide tube extending into the incinerator body is a waveguide tube feed port; the size of the waveguide tube feed port is the sectional size of the waveguide tube, and the arrangement form of the waveguide tube feed ports is orthogonal arrangement, namely that two adjacent waveguide tube feed ports are vertically distributed in a projection plane.

Preferably, the ferric oxide ceramic composite material is a plurality of arc-shaped bodies with the same size, is fixed on the inner wall of a combustion chamber formed by quartz, is arranged in a plurality of layers at equal intervals along the height direction of the incinerator body, and is arranged in a staggered manner with the microwave generator so as to avoid a waveguide tube feed port.

Each block of the ferric oxide ceramic composite material is not more than the height between the two waveguide tube feed ports; the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material is uniformly distributed on the inner side of the quartz wall surface in the plane direction by using an included angle of 36 degrees of the adjacent central line, and the length of the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material along the circumference of the inner side of the quartz wall is arc length corresponding to an angle of 24 degrees.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the high-temperature waste gas generated by incineration is secondarily utilized, the high-temperature waste gas discharge port is connected with the waste gas secondary inlet through a pipeline, and the high-temperature waste gas is led to the waste gas secondary inlet and is led into the incinerator again under the action of the external fan. The heat is recycled, the environmental temperature in the furnace is improved, the material burning and cracking process is aggravated, the energy consumption is greatly saved, and the burning efficiency is improved; meanwhile, smoke dust, combustible gas and the like in the recovered waste gas are combusted by the high temperature in the furnace, so that the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin can be reduced.

2) The composite structure adopted by the invention is a high-performance wave-transparent heat-insulation material of the heat-insulation layer, so that the energy dissipation can be reduced; the ferric oxide ceramic composite material is a sub-loss substance, and is heated rapidly after being radiated in a microwave field for a period of time, so that the water evaporation and cracking of the material cannot be influenced in the initial stage of the material being put into the incinerator for incineration, and the temperature of the ferric oxide ceramic composite material is raised rapidly after the material is incinerated, the temperature in the furnace cavity can be kept, the combustion efficiency is improved, even in the later stage of the incineration, the microwave generator can be turned off, the incineration of the excess materials is completed by utilizing the high-temperature waste heat of the ferric oxide ceramic composite material, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.

3) Through scientific calculation and simulation, the angular positions of the microwave generator and the ferric oxide ceramic composite material are reasonably and optimally combined and arranged, and the orthogonal arrangement form of the microwave catheter feed ports is set, so that the utilization rate of microwave energy is maximally improved, the burning time is shortened, and the purposes of improving the burning efficiency and saving energy are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite type high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural sectional view of the composite type high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the internal structure of the composite type high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a projected deployment (waveguide feed arrangement) of fig. 3 taken along line a-a.

In the figure, 1 is an incinerator body, 11 is a tower-shaped part, 12 is a cylinder, 13 is an upper partition plate, 14 is a funnel-shaped part, 15 is a lower partition plate, 16 is a supporting leg, 2 is a heat-insulating layer, 3 is quartz, 4 is an iron oxide ceramic composite material, 5 is a microwave generator, 6 is a waveguide tube, 61 is a waveguide tube feed port, 7 is a material input port, 8 is a high-temperature waste gas discharge port, 9 is an air inlet, and 10 is a waste gas secondary inlet.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the composite type efficient energy-saving incinerator structure comprises an incinerator body 1, a microwave generator 5, a waveguide tube 6, an insulating layer 2, quartz 3 and an iron sesquioxide ceramic composite material 4.

The incinerator body 1 is a tower-shaped stainless steel cylinder body with a top and a funnel-shaped bottom and is arranged vertically; a plurality of parallel microwave generators 5 are uniformly arranged at intervals of 36 degrees along the circumferential direction outside the incinerator body 1; the heat-insulating layer 2 is laid on the inner side of the incinerator body 1, and the quartz material 3 on the inner side of the heat-insulating layer 2 forms a combustion chamber of the incinerator; a plurality of ferric oxide ceramic composite materials 4 are arranged on the wall surface of the quartz 3 of the combustion chamber.

In the embodiment, the top of the incinerator body 1 is provided with a material feeding port 7 and a high-temperature exhaust gas discharge port 8; the bottom is provided with an air inlet 9 and a waste gas secondary inlet 10; when the incinerator starts to work, materials are thrown into the incinerator body 1 through the material throwing port 7, and the material throwing port 7 is sealed. A small amount of air is introduced into the air inlet 9 for oxygen-controlled combustion of materials in the incinerator. In the combustion process, the generated high-temperature waste gas is discharged through a high-temperature waste gas discharge port 8 and guided by an external fan and a pipeline, and the high-temperature waste gas enters a waste gas secondary inlet 10 and enters the incinerator body 1 again; the high temperature heat that high temperature waste gas carried has maintained the temperature in the stove, has reduced outside thermal extra supply, and waste gas carries out the secondary simultaneously and burns under the high temperature in the stove, and microwave plasma can carry out effective ionization to harmful gas such as dioxin in the waste gas, further decomposes the harmful component in the waste gas, reduces secondary pollution.

In this embodiment, the microwave generator 5 and the ferric oxide ceramic composite material 4 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the ferric oxide ceramic composite material 4 is an arc-shaped body, and the height of the arc-shaped body does not exceed the distance between the waveguide feed ports 61 of the two microwave generator 5, so that the ferric oxide ceramic composite material 4 is prevented from interfering the feeding of microwaves into the incinerator cavity.

Specifically, the ferric oxide ceramic composite material 4 is uniformly distributed on the inner side of the wall surface of the quartz 3 at intervals of 36 degrees in the plane direction, and the length of the ferric oxide ceramic composite material along the circumference of the inner side of the quartz 3 is the arc length corresponding to an angle of 24 degrees; the waveguide tube feed ports 61 are arranged in an orthogonal mode, namely, two adjacent waveguide tube feed ports are distributed in a vertical state in a projection plane; so arrange and can greatly improve the utilization ratio of microwave energy, reduce the loss of energy, simultaneously, the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite can only heat up sharply after need radiating for a period of time in the microwave field, like this at the initial stage that the material drops into burning in the burning furnace, can not influence the moisture evaporation of material, schizolysis, and the material burns the back, and the iron sesquioxide ceramic composite temperature rises sharply, can keep the temperature in the furnace chamber, improves combustion efficiency.

In the embodiment, at the later stage of material incineration, the microwave generator is turned off, the ferric oxide ceramic composite material is used for absorbing high-temperature waste heat generated by microwave energy, and unburned excess material and tail gas are incinerated, so that resources are fully utilized, and energy dissipation is reduced.

The composite type high-efficiency energy-saving incinerator structure fully utilizes the high temperature of waste gas generated by material incineration to supply heat in the incinerator, reduces energy loss and reduces the emission of harmful substances; meanwhile, due to the composite structure and the optimized arrangement of components, the heat dissipation is reduced, the utilization rate of energy is greatly improved, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are well realized.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.