阅读说明：本技术 压电驱动深海释放系统及其工作方法 (Piezoelectric driving deep sea release system and working method thereof ) 是由 王亮 于鹏鹏 金家楣 张世宇 陈昕荣 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种压电驱动深海释放系统及其工作方法。压电驱动深海释放系统包括浮体、探测器、压电释放器、连接轴承、第一至第四连接杆、以及锚定重物。压电释放器包括压电换能器和动子。压电换能器和动子通过螺纹相互配合。浮体保证压电换能器和动子间的螺纹配合区紧密接触,驱动压电换能器螺纹能够借助摩擦力使得动子和压电换能器分离。分离后,探测器由浮体牵引至海面。本发明融入应用场景,利用牵引浮体施加预压力,简单又可靠,能应用在海洋信息获取中。(The invention provides a piezoelectric driving deep sea release system and a working method thereof. The piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric release, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object. The piezoelectric releaser comprises a piezoelectric transducer and a rotor. The piezoelectric transducer and the rotor are matched with each other through threads. The body guarantees that the screw-thread fit between piezoelectric transducer and the active cell district in close contact with, and the drive piezoelectric transducer screw thread can make active cell and piezoelectric transducer separate with the help of frictional force. After separation, the probe is pulled by the float to the surface. The invention is integrated into an application scene, applies pre-pressure by utilizing the traction floating body, is simple and reliable, and can be applied to marine information acquisition.)

1. The piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is characterized by comprising a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal matrix is a cuboid and comprises an upper end face, a lower end face and first to fourth side walls connected in a head position, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall; the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a threaded hole matched with the release screw, and the thread length of the threaded hole is larger than 5 times of the thread pitch of the threaded hole;

the metal substrate is provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal substrate at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the metal base body, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the metal base body; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the metal base body, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

2. The method of operating a piezo-electrically driven deep sea release system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the internal thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the external thread of the release screw rod, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release screw rod is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that the self-locking without power consumption is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the second side surface, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the third side surface, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the internal threads of the metal matrix of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the metal matrix is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in metal matrix:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the metal matrix is gradually increased by the sliding friction.

3. The piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is characterized by comprising a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal substrate is a vertically arranged cylinder, the lower end of the outer wall of the metal substrate is provided with an external thread matched with the release nut, and the length of the external thread is more than 5 times of the thread pitch;

the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a square through hole along the axis, and the square through hole comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are connected in a head-to-head mode, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall;

the outer wall of the metal matrix is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal matrix at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the square through hole, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the square through hole; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release nut is open, the lower end of the release nut is closed, the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the metal base, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

4. A method of operating a piezo-electrically driven deep sea release system according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is placed at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the second side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the patch type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the third side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the metal substrate of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of screwing the metal matrix into the release nut is gradually reduced until the distance is 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release nut is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the metal substrate screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the metal matrix is screwed into the release nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

5. The piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is characterized by comprising a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer comprises a pre-tightening bolt, a rear beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing screw rod;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixed screw rod;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release nut is open, and the lower end of the release nut is closed; the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing screw rod, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

6. The method of operating a piezo-electrically driven deep sea release system according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the fixing screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the fixing screw rod and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance for screwing the fixing screw rod into the releasing screw cap is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the releasing screw cap is separated from the fixing screw rod, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the set screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the fixing screw is screwed into the releasing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

7. The piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is characterized by comprising a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer comprises a pre-tightening bolt, a back beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing nut;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the upper end of the fixing nut is closed, the lower end of the fixing nut is opened, and the internal thread of the fixing nut is matched with the external thread of the release screw;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixing nut;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing nut, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

8. The method of operating a piezo-electrically driven deep sea release system of claim 7, comprising the steps of:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the release screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the fixing nut, and the matching distance between the release screw rod and the fixing nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the fixing nut is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the fixing nut, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in fixation nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the fixing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of piezoelectric drive deep sea release, in particular to a piezoelectric drive deep sea release system and a working method thereof.

Background

The deep sea acoustic releaser is a powerful tool for acquiring marine information, and the buoyancy and gravity relation of the detection instrument equipment in water is adjusted by utilizing the balance weight and the floating ball, so that the throwing, positioning and recovering work of the detection instrument equipment is completed. The detection instrument equipment distributed by the deep sea acoustic releaser can know the information of the geographical environment, the topographic features, the meteorological conditions and the like of the sea area in a fixed-point, long-term, continuous and concealed manner.

The existing electromagnetic motor drive type deep sea releaser has many problems, the load cannot be directly driven due to the overhigh rotating speed of the electromagnetic motor, and the additional high reduction ratio speed reducing mechanism is needed to realize speed reduction and torque increase, so that the volume, the mass and the complexity of a drive system are increased. In addition, the difficulty of dynamic sealing under the condition of high water pressure is the bottleneck of reliable release of the electromagnetic motor driven releaser.

The constant pre-pressure application of the existing threaded ultrasonic motor does not always have a proper method. In the patent (201711099075. X), the shiyao shijin professor of the university of aerospace proposed to achieve pre-pressure application with two split screws. Although the method can ensure that the pre-pressure is constantly applied, the mutual matching of the two split screws can be realized only within a certain stroke range. This method will fail when one screw is out of the constraint of the stator internal threads. Thus, this method is effective only in a local, small range of strokes and does not work in full strokes. In addition, two split type screws need to guarantee that the rotating angular speeds are the same and no axial interaction force exists between the two split type screws, otherwise, the phenomena of butt joint and self-locking and clamping of the two split type screws can occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a piezoelectric driving deep sea release system and a working method thereof aiming at the defects involved in the background technology.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal matrix is a cuboid and comprises an upper end face, a lower end face and first to fourth side walls connected in a head position, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall; the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a threaded hole matched with the release screw, and the thread length of the threaded hole is larger than 5 times of the thread pitch of the threaded hole;

the metal substrate is provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal substrate at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the metal base body, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the metal base body; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the metal base body, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the internal thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the external thread of the release screw rod, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release screw rod is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that the self-locking without power consumption is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the second side surface, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the third side surface, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the internal threads of the metal matrix of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the metal matrix is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in metal matrix:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the metal matrix is gradually increased by the sliding friction.

The invention also discloses a second piezoelectric driving deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object, wherein the floating body is arranged on the detector;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal substrate is a vertically placed cylinder, the lower end of the outer wall of the metal substrate is provided with an external thread matched with the release nut, and the length of the external thread is larger than the thread pitch of the external thread by 5 times;

the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a square through hole along the axis, and the square through hole comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are connected in a head-to-head mode, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall;

the outer wall of the metal matrix is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal matrix at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the square through hole, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the square through hole; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release nut is open, the lower end of the release nut is closed, the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the metal base, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the second piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is placed at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the second side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the patch type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the third side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the metal substrate of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of screwing the metal matrix into the release nut is gradually reduced until the distance is 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release nut is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the metal substrate screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the metal matrix is screwed into the release nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

The invention also discloses a third piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, first to fourth connecting rods and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer comprises a pre-tightening bolt, a rear beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing screw rod;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixed screw rod;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release nut is open, and the lower end of the release nut is closed; the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing screw rod, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the fixing screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the fixing screw rod and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance for screwing the fixing screw rod into the releasing screw cap is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the releasing screw cap is separated from the fixing screw rod, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the set screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the fixing screw is screwed into the releasing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

The invention also discloses a fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, first to fourth connecting rods and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer comprises a pre-tightening bolt, a back beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing nut;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the upper end of the fixing nut is closed, the lower end of the fixing nut is opened, and the internal thread of the fixing nut is matched with the external thread of the release screw;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixing nut;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing nut, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the release screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the fixing nut, and the matching distance between the release screw rod and the fixing nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the fixing nut is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the fixing nut, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in fixation nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the fixing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

1. the friction drive allows seawater to enter without dynamic sealing;

2. the patch type piezoelectric transducer only needs to be subjected to water resisting and insulating treatment; the blind threaded holes in the sandwich piezoelectric transducer can be filled with insulating curing glue; no matter the piezoelectric transducers are patch type or sandwich type, the structures of the piezoelectric transducers have no cavity, no pressure difference exists between the piezoelectric transducers and external seawater, the piezoelectric transducers cannot be damaged under the condition of high water pressure, and the piezoelectric transducers can adapt to the severe environment of high water pressure, low temperature and strong corrosion in deep sea;

3. the buoyancy provided by the floating body ensures that the piezoelectric transducer and the rotor are firmly contacted when fixed-point monitoring and response releasing are carried out, and the floating body serves as lifting tension to realize the upward floating of the detector when the detector is separated from the ascending;

4. the constant pre-pressure of the full stroke can fully excavate the output performance of the thread ultrasonic motor, and realize high thrust output.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a piezo-electrically driven deep sea releaser system of the present invention for release;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a patch-type piezoelectric release of a first piezoelectric-driven deep-sea release system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a vibration mode A mode of a surface mount piezoelectric transducer of a first piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a vibration mode B mode of a surface mount piezoelectric transducer of a first piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser system in the invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates the superposition of the vibration modes and the phase control of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer of the first piezoelectric-driven deep-sea releaser system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a friction drive principle of a patch piezoelectric release of a first piezoelectric-actuated deep sea release system of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a patch-type piezoelectric release of a second piezoelectric-driven deep-sea release system of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sandwich-type piezoelectric release of a third piezoelectric-actuated deep sea release system of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a polarization direction of a piezoelectric ceramic module in a sandwich piezoelectric release of a third piezoelectric driven deep sea release system of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a sandwich-type piezoelectric release of a fourth piezoelectric-actuated deep-sea release system according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1: a float; 2-1: a first connecting rod; 2-2: a second connecting rod; 2-3: a third connecting rod; 2-4: a fourth connecting rod; 3: a detector; 4: a first piezoelectric driven deep sea releaser; 5: anchoring a weight; 6: a screw; 7: a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group of the first piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 8: a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group of the first piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 9: the rotation direction of a piezoelectric vibrator of the first piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser is determined; 10: micro-amplitude elliptical motion of piezoelectric vibrator particles of a first piezoelectric-driven deep-sea releaser; 11: a nut of the second piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 12: a metal substrate of a second piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 13: the second piezoelectric drives the clamping groove of the piezoelectric transducer in the deep sea releaser; 14: a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group of a second piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 15: a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group of the second piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 16: a sandwich piezoelectric transducer of a third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 16-1: a back beam body of the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 16-2: a piezoelectric ceramic piece module of a third piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 16-2-1: a first piezoelectric ceramic chip group of a piezoelectric ceramic chip module in the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 16-2-2: a second piezoelectric ceramic chip group of a piezoelectric ceramic chip module in the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 16-3: a front beam body of a third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 16-4: a third piezoelectric driving amplitude transformer of the deep sea releaser; 16-5: a third piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser fixing screw rod; 17: a release nut of the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 18: a sandwich piezoelectric transducer of a fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 18-1: a back beam body of the fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 18-2: a piezoelectric ceramic piece module of a fourth piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser; 18-3: a front beam body of a fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 18-4: a fourth amplitude transformer of the piezoelectric-driven deep sea releaser; 18-5: a fourth piezoelectric driving deep sea releaser fixing nut; 19: and the fourth piezoelectric drives a release screw of the deep sea releaser.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

The difficulty of dynamic sealing under high water pressure is the bottleneck of reliable release of an electromagnetic motor driven releaser, and a piezoelectric driving technology represented by an ultrasonic motor is one of the most ideal driving methods for dealing with severe environments such as high water pressure, low temperature, strong corrosion and the like in deep sea. In order to meet the requirements of self-locking when no instruction exists and separation after receiving the instruction, the invention provides a piezoelectric driving deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object, wherein the floating body is connected with the detector;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

as shown in fig. 2, the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal matrix is a cuboid and comprises an upper end face, a lower end face and first to fourth side walls connected in a head position, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall; the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a threaded hole matched with the release screw, and the thread length of the threaded hole is larger than 5 times of the thread pitch of the threaded hole;

the metal substrate is provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal substrate at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the metal base body, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the metal base body; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the metal base body, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the internal thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the external thread of the release screw rod, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release screw rod is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that the self-locking without power consumption is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the patch type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the second side surface, and a vibration mode A is excited, as shown in fig. 3; the second alternating current signal enables the patch type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the normal surface of the third side surface, and a vibration mode B is excited, as shown in fig. 4;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, and simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, so that surface particles of the internal thread of the metal matrix of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer generate elliptical motion, as shown in fig. 5 and 6; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the metal matrix is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in metal matrix:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the metal matrix is gradually increased by the sliding friction.

The invention also discloses a second piezoelectric driving deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and an anchoring heavy object, wherein the floating body is arranged on the detector;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

as shown in fig. 7, the piezoelectric releaser comprises a patch type piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

the patch type piezoelectric transducer comprises a metal substrate and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and a third piezoelectric ceramic sheet group;

the metal substrate is a vertically arranged cylinder, the lower end of the outer wall of the metal substrate is provided with an external thread matched with the release nut, and the length of the external thread is more than 5 times of the thread pitch;

the center of the lower end face of the metal base body is provided with a square through hole along the axis, and the square through hole comprises a first side wall, a second side wall and a third side wall which are connected in a head-to-head mode, wherein the first side wall is parallel to the third side wall, and the second side wall is parallel to the fourth side wall;

the outer wall of the metal matrix is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the metal matrix at the annular groove;

the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group respectively comprise two piezoelectric ceramic pieces polarized along the thickness direction, wherein the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the first side wall and the third side wall of the square through hole, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are symmetrically adhered to the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the square through hole; the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same, and the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group are the same; insulating glue is coated on the piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece, so that seawater is prevented from being immersed;

the upper end of the release nut is open, the lower end of the release nut is closed, the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the metal base, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the second piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is placed at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the metal matrix is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the metal matrix and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the second side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the patch type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the third side face of the square through hole, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the metal substrate of the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of screwing the metal matrix into the release nut is gradually reduced until the distance is 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release nut is separated from the metal matrix, and the detector and the surface-mounted piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode that the body swings by a wide margin, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the metal substrate screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the metal matrix is screwed into the release nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

The invention also discloses a third piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, first to fourth connecting rods and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release nut;

as shown in fig. 8, the sandwich piezoelectric transducer includes a pre-tightening bolt, a back beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing screw;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

as shown in fig. 9, the piezoelectric ceramic module includes a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, where the first piezoelectric ceramic group includes 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group includes 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixed screw rod;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release nut is open, and the lower end of the release nut is closed; the upper end of the release nut is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing screw rod, and the lower end of the release nut is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the third piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the fixing screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the release nut, and the matching distance between the fixing screw rod and the release nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance for screwing the fixing screw rod into the releasing screw cap is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the releasing screw cap is separated from the fixing screw rod, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float up together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance in the set screw in release nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the fixing screw is screwed into the releasing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

The invention also discloses a fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises a floating body, a detector, a piezoelectric releaser, a connecting bearing, first to fourth connecting rods and an anchoring heavy object;

the floating body is used for providing floating buoyancy;

the detector is used for detecting and monitoring the ocean;

the anchoring weight is used for providing vertical downward gravity, plays an anchoring role and prevents the deep sea release system from being influenced by wind, waves, current and sea water temperature gradient to move the anchoring position;

the piezoelectric releaser comprises a sandwich piezoelectric transducer and a release screw rod;

as shown in fig. 10, the sandwich piezoelectric transducer includes a pre-tightening bolt, a back beam body, a piezoelectric ceramic piece module, a front beam body, an amplitude transformer and a fixing nut;

the front beam body and the rear beam body are regular prisms or cylinders with the same cross section shape, a threaded hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the front beam body, and a countersunk through hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt is formed in the center of one end face of the rear beam body;

the piezoelectric ceramic module comprises a first piezoelectric ceramic group and a second piezoelectric ceramic group, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the second piezoelectric ceramic group comprises 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and M, N are natural numbers more than or equal to 1; the shape of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is the same as that of the cross section of the front beam body, a through hole for a pre-tightening bolt to penetrate through is formed in the center of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece, polarization is carried out along the thickness direction, the polarization boundary line of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece is a straight line, and the polarization directions of two partitions of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece are opposite;

2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the first piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization dividing lines of the 2M double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite; 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces in the second piezoelectric ceramic group are sequentially stacked, so that polarization boundary lines of the 2N double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are coplanar, and polarization directions of adjacent double-partition piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the first piezoelectric ceramic group and the second piezoelectric ceramic group are laminated, so that a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic group is perpendicular to a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic group;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the countersunk head through hole of the rear beam body, the rear part of the piezoelectric ceramic module and the threaded hole of the front beam body to be in threaded connection, and the piezoelectric ceramic module is tightly pressed;

the upper end of the fixing nut is closed, the lower end of the fixing nut is opened, and the internal thread of the fixing nut is matched with the external thread of the release screw;

the amplitude transformer is in a circular truncated cone shape, one end with a larger end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the front beam body, which is far away from the piezoelectric ceramic module, and the other end with a smaller end face is coaxially and fixedly connected with the upper end of the fixing nut;

the outer wall of the back beam body is also provided with an annular groove matched with the connecting bearing inner ring, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing inner ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back beam body at the annular groove;

the upper end of the release screw is in threaded connection with the lower end of the fixing nut, and the lower end of the release screw is hinged with the upper end of the fourth connecting rod;

the upper end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the floating body, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the detector;

the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the detector, the lower ends of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are hinged with the outer ring of the connecting bearing, and the hinged parts of the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod and the outer ring of the connecting bearing are symmetrical relative to the metal base body;

the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the anchoring weight.

The invention also discloses a working method of the fourth piezoelectric-driven deep sea release system, which comprises the following steps:

the piezoelectric driving deep sea release system is arranged at a designated position through an anchoring weight, at the moment, the external thread of the release screw rod is tightly contacted and attached with the internal thread of the fixing nut, and the matching distance between the release screw rod and the fixing nut is kept unchanged under the action of static friction force, so that power-consumption-free self-locking is realized;

when release is required:

applying a first alternating current signal to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet group and applying a second alternating current signal to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet group; the first alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on a vertical plane of a polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the first piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode A is excited; the second alternating current signal enables the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate bending vibration on the vertical plane of the polarization boundary of the double-partition piezoelectric ceramic piece in the second piezoelectric ceramic piece group, and a vibration mode B is excited;

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to be 90 degrees ahead of that of the second alternating current signal, simultaneously exciting a vibration mode A and a vibration mode B of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer, and enabling surface particles of the external threads of the fixing screw of the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer to generate elliptical motion; the distance of the release screw rod screwed into the fixing nut is gradually reduced to 0 by virtue of sliding friction force, at the moment, the release screw rod is separated from the fixing nut, and the detector and the sandwich type piezoelectric transducer float upwards together under the traction of the floating body;

under the operating mode of body large amplitude swing, wide-angle slope, when needing to compensate the distance of release screw in fixation nut:

adjusting the first alternating current signal and the second alternating current signal to enable the time phase of the first alternating current signal to lag the second alternating current signal by 90 degrees, and enabling surface particles of the internal thread of the piezoelectric transducer to generate reverse elliptic motion; the distance that the release screw is screwed into the fixing nut is gradually increased by the sliding friction force.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.