阅读说明：本技术 水生植被的类型确定方法及装置 (Method and device for determining type of aquatic vegetation ) 是由 王树东 卞小林 邵芸 张婷婷 张春燕 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种水生植被的类型确定方法及装置,方法通过确定待检测下垫面是否为水体；当所述待检测下垫面为水体时,基于归一化植被指数,确定所述水体中是否有水生植被；当所述水体中有水生植被时,通过微波遥感获取所述水生植被的后向散射系数；基于所述归一化植被指数和所述后向散射系数,确定所述水生植被的类型,所述水生植被的类型包括：挺水植物、浮叶植物或潜水植,通过在光学遥感的基础上加入微波遥感技术,既能考虑到水生植被的立体信息,又能考虑到水生植被的物候和光谱特征,能够实现准确、高效的对水生植被类型的识别确定。(The invention provides a method and a device for determining the type of aquatic vegetation, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining whether an underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emergent aquatic plants, floating plants or submerged plants can be accurately and efficiently identified and determined by adding a microwave remote sensing technology on the basis of optical remote sensing, not only considering the three-dimensional information of the aquatic vegetation, but also considering the phenological and spectral characteristics of the aquatic vegetation.)

1. A method of determining a type of aquatic vegetation, comprising:

determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body;

when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index;

when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing;

determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a body of water comprises:

determining the wave band of the remote sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected;

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave band;

and determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body or not according to the improved normalized water body index.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein when it is determined that the bands of the remote-sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected are 4, determining the improved normalized water body index according to the bands comprises:

acquiring a normalized vegetation index and a normalized water body index of an underlying surface to be detected;

obtaining a water body index as an improved normalized water body index according to the normalized vegetation index and the normalized water body index;

when the wave bands of the remote sensing images of the underlying surface to be detected exceed 4, determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave bands, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the short wave infrared band reflectivity and the red wave band reflectivity; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and taking the water body index as an improved normalized water body index.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the obtaining of the normalized vegetation index and the normalized water index of the underlying surface to be detected comprises:

acquiring the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity of the underlying surface to be detected;

based on a preset relation, acquiring a normalized vegetation index according to the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity;

and acquiring a normalized water body index according to the red light wave band reflectivity and the near infrared wave band reflectivity.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the type of aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient comprises:

determining an emergent aquatic plant identification index of the aquatic vegetation according to the backscattering coefficient;

and if the emergent aquatic plant identification index is greater than or equal to a preset emergent aquatic plant index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is an emergent aquatic plant.

6. The method of determining a type of aquatic vegetation of claim 5, after determining an emergent aquatic vegetation identification index from the backscattering coefficient, further comprising:

if the emerging plant identification index is smaller than a preset emerging plant index threshold value, determining the reflection coefficient of the aquatic vegetation and the water body vegetation difference index;

and if the reflection coefficient is greater than or equal to a preset reflection coefficient threshold value, or the water body vegetation difference index is greater than or equal to a preset water body vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the floating-leaved plants.

7. The method of determining the type of aquatic vegetation of claim 6, further comprising, after determining the aquatic vegetation's reflectance and body vegetation variance index:

determining a temperature difference index for the aquatic vegetation;

determining a temperature vegetation difference index according to the temperature difference index and the water vegetation difference index;

and if the water vegetation difference index is smaller than the preset water vegetation difference index threshold value, or the temperature vegetation difference index is smaller than or equal to the preset temperature vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the submerged plant.

8. The method of determining the type of aquatic vegetation of claim 7, wherein said determining the temperature differential index of the aquatic vegetation comprises:

acquiring the air temperature during image acquisition;

determining an air temperature mean value of a time sequence synchronously acquired with the remote sensing image;

and determining the temperature difference index of the aquatic vegetation according to the air temperature and the average value of the air temperature.

9. The method of determining a type of aquatic vegetation of claim 1, further comprising, after determining the type of aquatic vegetation:

integrating and classifying emergent aquatic plants, floating-leaf plants and diving plants;

and generating an aquatic vegetation type map according to the integrated classification result.

10. An apparatus for determining the type of aquatic vegetation, comprising:

the water body determining module is used for determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body;

the vegetation determination module is used for determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index when the underlying surface to be detected is the water body;

the microwave remote sensing module is used for acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing when the aquatic vegetation exists in the water body;

a type determination module to determine a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscatter coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetation determination, in particular to a method and a device for determining aquatic vegetation types.

Background

The aquatic vegetation in rivers and lakes is always the most concerned by the academic world and related management parts, and the aquatic vegetation in rivers and lakes relates to the water environment, animals and plants in rivers and the like. At present, under the combined action of human and nature, aquatic vegetation in rivers and lakes continuously changes, and related managers can not acquire related information, so that the management of a water ecosystem and the prediction of a water environment are more uncertain.

At present, Chinese acquires aquatic vegetation types mainly by adopting the following modes: firstly, identifying different vegetation types and space-time distribution characteristics by a manual investigation method; secondly, carrying out manual interpretation by combining remote sensing (satellite or aviation data) with ground investigation; and thirdly, carrying out aquatic vegetation information extraction by an automatic classification or element extraction method. The first method has the problems that a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, and dynamic acquisition is difficult; the second method has the problems that the manual interpretation is excessively dependent on the subjective identification capability of people, so that the related work is difficult to be rapidly carried out in a large area; the third method has the problems that the existing related model method mainly depends on the spectral information of optical images for extraction, and is difficult to effectively identify floating plants and emergent plants, so that the prior knowledge is often relied on.

Therefore, how to accurately and efficiently identify the aquatic vegetation type becomes a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method and a device for determining aquatic vegetation types, which are used for solving the defect of inaccurate aquatic vegetation type identification in the prior art and realizing accurate and efficient aquatic vegetation type identification.

The invention provides a method for determining the type of aquatic vegetation, which comprises the following steps:

determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body;

when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index;

when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing;

determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation provided by the invention, the step of determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body or not comprises the following steps:

determining the wave band of the remote sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected;

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave band;

and determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body or not according to the improved normalized water body index.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation provided by the invention, when 4 wave bands of the remote sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected are determined, the improved normalized water body index is determined according to the wave bands, and the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring a normalized vegetation index and a normalized water body index of an underlying surface to be detected;

obtaining a water body index as an improved normalized water body index according to the normalized vegetation index and the normalized water body index;

when the wave bands of the remote sensing images of the underlying surface to be detected exceed 4, determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave bands, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the short wave infrared band reflectivity and the red wave band reflectivity; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and taking the water body index as an improved normalized water body index.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation, the step of obtaining the normalized vegetation index and the normalized water body index of the underlying surface to be detected comprises the following steps:

acquiring the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity of the underlying surface to be detected;

based on a preset relation, acquiring a normalized vegetation index according to the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity;

and acquiring a normalized water body index according to the red light wave band reflectivity and the near infrared wave band reflectivity.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation, the determining of the type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient comprises the following steps:

determining an emergent aquatic plant identification index of the aquatic vegetation according to the backscattering coefficient;

and if the emergent aquatic plant identification index is greater than or equal to a preset emergent aquatic plant index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is an emergent aquatic plant.

According to the method for determining the type of aquatic vegetation provided by the invention, after determining the emergent aquatic plant identification index according to the backscattering coefficient, the method further comprises the following steps:

if the emerging plant identification index is smaller than a preset emerging plant index threshold value, determining the reflection coefficient of the aquatic vegetation and the water body vegetation difference index;

and if the reflection coefficient is greater than or equal to a preset reflection coefficient threshold value, or the water body vegetation difference index is greater than or equal to a preset water body vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the floating-leaved plants.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation provided by the invention, after the reflection coefficient of the aquatic vegetation and the water body vegetation difference index are determined, the method further comprises the following steps:

determining a temperature difference index for the aquatic vegetation;

determining a temperature vegetation difference index according to the temperature difference index and the water vegetation difference index;

and if the water vegetation difference index is smaller than the preset water vegetation difference index threshold value, or the temperature vegetation difference index is smaller than or equal to the preset temperature vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the submerged plant.

According to the method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation, the temperature difference index of the aquatic vegetation is determined, and the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring the air temperature during image acquisition;

determining an air temperature mean value of a time sequence synchronously acquired with the remote sensing image;

and determining the temperature difference index of the aquatic vegetation according to the air temperature and the average value of the air temperature.

According to the method for determining the type of aquatic vegetation provided by the invention, after determining the type of aquatic vegetation, the method further comprises the following steps:

integrating and classifying emergent aquatic plants, floating-leaf plants and diving plants;

and generating an aquatic vegetation type map according to the integrated classification result.

The present invention also provides an aquatic vegetation type determining apparatus comprising:

the water body determining module is used for determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body;

the vegetation determination module is used for determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index when the underlying surface to be detected is the water body;

the microwave remote sensing module is used for acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing when the aquatic vegetation exists in the water body;

a type determination module to determine a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscatter coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the program implementing the steps of the method of determining the type of aquatic vegetation as defined in any of the above.

The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of determining the type of aquatic vegetation as defined in any one of the above.

The invention provides a method and a device for determining the type of aquatic vegetation, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining whether an underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emergent aquatic plants, floating plants or submerged plants can be accurately and efficiently identified and determined by adding a microwave remote sensing technology on the basis of optical remote sensing, not only considering the three-dimensional information of the aquatic vegetation, but also considering the phenological and spectral characteristics of the aquatic vegetation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining the type of aquatic vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining the type of aquatic vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The method and apparatus for determining the type of aquatic vegetation according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining aquatic vegetation type according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining the type of aquatic vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

101. and determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body.

Specifically, determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body comprises the following steps: determining the wave band of the remote sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected; determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave band; and determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is the water body or not according to the improved normalized water body index. The wave bands of the remote sensing image are analyzed in two cases, wherein one case is 4 wave bands, and the other case is more than 4 wave bands.

When the wave bands are only 4 wave bands, acquiring a normalized vegetation index NDVI and a normalized water body index NDWI of the underlying surface to be detected; obtaining the normalized vegetation index of the underlying surface to be detected comprises obtaining the near-infrared band reflectivity R of the underlying surface to be detected_nirAnd red band reflectivity R_r(ii) a Based on a preset relation and according to the reflectivity R of the near infrared band_nirAnd red band reflectivity R_rAnd acquiring the normalized vegetation index NDVI. The predetermined relationship is the following formula (1):

wherein NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, R_nirIs the reflectivity of the near infrared band, R_rThe reflectance of the red band.

Get normalizationThe index of the chemical water body is based on the reflectivity R of the red light wave band_gAnd a near infrared band reflectivity R_nirObtaining a formula as shown in formula (2):

wherein NDWI is the normalized vegetation index, R_nirIs the reflectivity of the near infrared band, R_gThe reflectivity of red light wave band.

Then, a normalized vegetation index NDVI and a normalized water body index NDWI are obtained through calculation, and then the water body index WI of the underlying surface to be detected is determined as an improved normalized water body index according to the normalized vegetation index NDVI and the normalized water body index NDWI, wherein the calculation process of WI is as follows (3):

WI＝NDVI-NDWI (3)

in the formula, WI is the water body index as an improved normalized water body index.

Thus, an improved normalized water body index, WI, was determined when it was a remote sensing image of 4 bands.

When the wave band exceeds 4 wave bands, the reflectivity R is determined according to the red wave band_gAnd short wave infrared band reflectivity R_swirAnd determining an improved normalized water body index MNDWI as shown in the formula (4), or calculating the improved normalized water body index by using a WI model.

Wherein MNDWI is an improved normalized water body index, R_swirIs the reflectivity of short wave infrared band, R_gThe reflectivity is in the red light wave band.

Therefore, improved normalized water body numerical values corresponding to the two wave band conditions are obtained through calculation respectively, and then whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body or not is determined according to the obtained improved normalized water body index. Specifically, when MNDWI is more than or equal to a₁Or WI ≦ a₂Then, the water body is judged to be the underlying surface to be detectedAnd if not, the water body is not the water body, and then the non-water body is subjected to mask processing. Wherein a is₁、a₂In order to set the threshold value, artificial determination can be carried out according to specific data analysis, and whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body or not is finally determined.

102. And when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index.

When the to-be-detected underlying surface is determined to be the water body, the water body space range and the water body NDVI spatial distribution are obtained through the steps. Then determining NDVI and a preset vegetation threshold value a₃In which a vegetation threshold a is preset₃If the artificial set value is judged according to actual conditions to determine whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, the formula (5) is used as follows:

NDVI≥a₃ (5)

when the condition in (5) is satisfied, it can be determined that the water body at that time contains aquatic vegetation.

103. And when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, obtaining the backscattering coefficient of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing.

When aquatic vegetation is determined to exist in the water body, the microwave remote sensing wave band covering the water body area and the polarization mode thereof are obtained, and the backscattering coefficient delta of the time sequence of the growth period of the aquatic vegetation is obtained_t。

104. Determining a type of aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

Specifically, based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation is determined, including: determining emergent aquatic plant identification index BSI of aquatic vegetation according to the backscattering coefficient; if the emergent aquatic plant identification index BSI is greater than or equal to the preset emergent aquatic plant index threshold b₁I.e. BSI ≧ b₁Determining the aquatic vegetation to be emergent aquatic plants, or else, floating plants or diving plants. And determining the emergent aquatic plant identification index BSI of the aquatic vegetation according to the formula (6) as follows:

wherein BSI is emergent aquatic plant identification index, delta_iThe backscattering coefficient of the microwave data of the time sequence of the growth period of the aquatic plant; i is ith scene data of the microwave remote sensing image of the aquatic vegetation growth period participating in calculation; n is₁The number of scenes of the remote sensing image is;is delta of time series_iAnd (4) average value.

When the aquatic vegetation is determined not to be emergent aquatic plants, namely the emergent aquatic plant identification index BSI is smaller than the preset emergent aquatic plant index threshold b₁Then determining the reflection coefficient RFI of aquatic vegetation and the water vegetation difference index VVI_i(ii) a If the reflection coefficient RFI is larger than or equal to the preset reflection coefficient threshold value c₁Formula (7) or water vegetation difference index VVI_iGreater than or equal to a preset water body vegetation difference index threshold c₂Equation (8), the aquatic vegetation is determined to be a floating leaf plant, and equations (7) and (8) are performed with the proviso that NDVI ≧ a₃And BSI < b₁。

And determining the temperature variation index TVI of the aquatic vegetation when the conditions of the above formulas (7) and (8) are not satisfied_i(ii) a TVI according to temperature difference index_iAnd water vegetation difference index VVI_iDetermining a temperature vegetation difference index DFI; if water vegetation difference index VVI_iIs less than the difference index threshold c of the vegetation of the preset water body₂I.e., formula (9); or the temperature vegetation difference index DFI is less than or equal to the preset temperature vegetation difference index threshold value c₃Formula (10);determining the aquatic vegetation is a submerged plant, wherein (9) and (10) are performed with the proviso that NDVI ≧ a₃And BSI < b₁。

DFI＝VVI_i-TVI_i≤c₃ (10)

In the formula, VVI_iIs a water body vegetation difference index, DFI is a temperature-vegetation difference index, TVI_iIs an index of temperature difference.

And determining the temperature difference index TVI of the aquatic vegetation_iThe method comprises the following steps: obtaining air temperature T during image acquisition_i(ii) a Determining an air temperature mean of a time series acquired in synchronization with a remote sensing imageThe temperature difference index TVI of the aquatic vegetation can be determined according to the air temperature and the air temperature mean value through the air temperature mean value obtained by the ground meteorological station_iAs in formula (11):

then, after the calculation by the above formula, the specific vegetation type of the aquatic vegetation is determined, and whether the vegetation type of the specific aquatic vegetation is emergent aquatic plants, floating leaves or specific submerged plants, wherein the submerged plants may include submerged plants, algae and the like, is determined.

The method for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation provided by the embodiment of the invention determines whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emergent aquatic plants, floating plants or submerged plants can be accurately and efficiently identified and determined by adding a microwave remote sensing technology on the basis of optical remote sensing, not only considering the three-dimensional information of the aquatic vegetation, but also considering the phenological and spectral characteristics of the aquatic vegetation.

Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, after determining the type of aquatic vegetation in this embodiment, the method further includes: integrating and classifying emergent aquatic plants, floating-leaf plants and diving plants; according to the result of the integrated classification, an aquatic vegetation type map is generated so that a specific aquatic vegetation type can be understood more intuitively.

By combining the advantages of microwave remote sensing and optical remote sensing technologies, the three-dimensional information and the change characteristics of the emergent aquatic vegetation are considered, and the phenological and spectral characteristics of the aquatic vegetation are also considered, so that the identification of the aquatic vegetation types can be completed more accurately and rapidly on the basis of fully considering the backscatter coefficients and the optical water index change characteristics of the emergent aquatic vegetation, the floating-leaf vegetation and the submerged vegetation when the river and lake aquatic vegetation and water environment management are oriented.

Based on the same general inventive concept, the application also protects a device for determining the type of aquatic vegetation. The following describes the aquatic vegetation type determining apparatus according to the present invention, and the aquatic vegetation type determining apparatus described below and the aquatic vegetation type determining method described above may be referred to in correspondence with each other.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining the type of aquatic vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for determining the type of aquatic vegetation, including:

the water body determining module 10 is used for determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body;

a vegetation determination module 20, configured to determine whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body based on the normalized vegetation index when the underlying surface to be detected is the water body;

the microwave remote sensing module 30 is used for acquiring backscattering coefficients of aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing when the aquatic vegetation exists in the water body;

a type determination module 40 for determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscatter coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

According to the device for determining the type of the aquatic vegetation, provided by the embodiment of the invention, whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body is determined; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emergent aquatic plants, floating plants or submerged plants can be accurately and efficiently identified and determined by adding a microwave remote sensing technology on the basis of optical remote sensing, not only considering the three-dimensional information of the aquatic vegetation, but also considering the phenological and spectral characteristics of the aquatic vegetation.

Further, the water body determination module 10 in this embodiment is specifically configured to:

determining the wave band of the remote sensing image of the underlying surface to be detected;

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave band;

and determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is the water body or not according to the improved normalized water body index.

Further, in this embodiment, the water body determining module 10 is specifically configured to:

when the wave bands of the remote sensing images of the underlying surface to be detected are determined to be 4, determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave bands, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

acquiring a normalized vegetation index and a normalized water body index of an underlying surface to be detected;

obtaining a water body index as an improved normalized water body index according to the normalized vegetation index and the normalized water body index;

when the wave bands of the remote sensing images of the underlying surface to be detected exceed 4, determining an improved normalized water body index according to the wave bands, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

determining an improved normalized water body index according to the short wave infrared band reflectivity and the red wave band reflectivity; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and taking the water body index as an improved normalized water body index.

Further, the water body determination module in this embodiment is further specifically configured to:

acquiring the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity of the underlying surface to be detected;

based on a preset relation, acquiring a normalized vegetation index according to the near-infrared band reflectivity and the red band reflectivity;

and acquiring a normalized water body index according to the red light wave band reflectivity and the near infrared wave band reflectivity.

Further, the type determining module 40 in this embodiment is specifically configured to:

determining emergent aquatic plant identification indexes of aquatic vegetation according to the backscattering coefficient;

and if the emergent aquatic plant identification index is greater than or equal to the preset emergent aquatic plant index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the emergent aquatic plant.

Further, the type determining module 40 in this embodiment is further specifically configured to:

if the emerging plant identification index is smaller than a preset emerging plant index threshold value, determining the reflection coefficient of aquatic vegetation and the water body vegetation difference index;

and if the reflection coefficient is greater than or equal to a preset reflection coefficient threshold value, or the water vegetation difference index is greater than or equal to a preset water vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the floating-leaved plants.

Further, the type determining module 40 in this embodiment is further specifically configured to:

determining a temperature difference index of the aquatic vegetation;

determining a temperature vegetation difference index according to the temperature difference index and the water vegetation difference index;

and if the water vegetation difference index is smaller than a preset water vegetation difference index threshold value, or the temperature vegetation difference index is smaller than or equal to a preset temperature vegetation difference index threshold value, determining that the aquatic vegetation is the submerged plant.

Further, the type determining module 40 in this embodiment is further specifically configured to:

acquiring the air temperature during image acquisition;

determining an air temperature mean value of a time sequence synchronously acquired with the remote sensing image;

and determining the temperature difference index of the aquatic vegetation according to the air temperature and the average value of the air temperature.

Further, in this embodiment, the system further includes an integration classification module, configured to:

integrating and classifying emergent aquatic plants, floating-leaf plants and diving plants;

and generating an aquatic vegetation type map according to the integrated classification result.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 3, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)310, a communication Interface (communication Interface)320, a memory (memory)330 and a communication bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communication Interface 320 and the memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340. The processor 310 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 330 to perform a method of determining a type of aquatic vegetation, the method comprising: determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 330 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform a method of determining a type of aquatic vegetation provided by the above methods, the method comprising: determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that when executed by a processor is implemented to perform the above-provided methods of determining a type of aquatic vegetation, the method comprising: determining whether the underlying surface to be detected is a water body; when the underlying surface to be detected is a water body, determining whether aquatic vegetation exists in the water body or not based on the normalized vegetation index; when aquatic vegetation exists in the water body, acquiring backscattering coefficients of the aquatic vegetation through microwave remote sensing; determining a type of the aquatic vegetation based on the normalized vegetation index and the backscattering coefficient, the type of aquatic vegetation comprising: emerging plants, floating plants or diving plants.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.