阅读说明：本技术 一种生物破眠剂 (Biological dormancy breaking agent ) 是由 张云龙 王婷 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种生物破眠剂,其组分及质量百分比为：光和细菌：30％,枯草芽孢杆菌：20％,绿色酵母菌：20％,双歧杆菌：10％,三磷酸腺苷：2％,超氧化物歧化酶：1％,复合氨基酸：12％,葡萄糖：5％。本发明的生物破眠剂既能促进提早成熟、又对树体及花芽的发育不产生伤害。(The application discloses a biological dormancy breaking agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: light and bacteria: 30%, bacillus subtilis: 20%, green yeast: 20%, bifidobacterium: 10%, adenosine triphosphate: 2%, superoxide dismutase: 1%, complex amino acid: 12%, glucose: 5 percent. The biological dormancy breaking agent can promote early maturation and does not damage the growth of trees and flower buds.)

1. A biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized by comprising the following components: light bacteria, bacillus subtilis, green yeast, bifidobacterium, adenosine triphosphate, superoxide dismutase, compound amino acid and glucose.

2. The biological dormancy breaking agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components by mass percent: light and bacteria: 30%, bacillus subtilis: 20%, green yeast: 20%, bifidobacterium: 10%, adenosine triphosphate: 2%, superoxide dismutase: 1%, complex amino acid: 12%, glucose: 5 percent of the culture medium, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the green saccharomycetes and the bifidobacterium are subjected to fermentation culture, and after the fermentation is finished, dormancy treatment is carried out.

3. The biological dormancy breaking agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein preferably the number of species is such that: 200 hundred million/g photosynthetic bacteria, 1000 hundred million/g bacillus subtilis, 200 hundred million/g green yeast and 100 hundred million/g bifidobacteria.

4. The preparation method of the biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding compound amino acid accounting for 12% of the total mass of the mixture and glucose accounting for 5% of the total mass of the mixture into a stirrer and stirring for 3 minutes;

s2: adding 2% of adenosine triphosphate and 1% of superoxide dismutase based on the total mass of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 2 minutes;

s3: 30 percent of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 percent of bacillus subtilis, 20 percent of green yeast and 10 percent of green yeast of the total mass of the mixture are put into a stirrer to be continuously stirred for 5 minutes;

and S4, packaging the product for later use after detection and metering.

5. A method of using the biological dormancy breaking agent as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, characterised by comprising the steps of:

s1: diluting the biological dormancy breaking agent with water by 150-fold and 300-fold to form a suspension, and uniformly stirring;

s2, spraying with a corrected sprayer to cover the main stem, branch and bud of the plant, preferably the fog point is just condensed on the plant and is not easy to drip;

wherein the using time depends on agricultural climatic conditions and the period of a plant growth stage, the suspension is sprayed on the third day after the temperature is raised for the cherries in the greenhouse, and the suspension is sprayed for the second time after 5-7 days; for the cherry on land, the spraying is carried out for the first time after the flower bud sprouts, and the spraying is carried out for the second time at intervals of 5-7 days.

6. The use method of claim 5, wherein in step S1, the biological dormancy breaking agent is diluted 200 times with water to form a suspension and stirred uniformly.

7. Use of a biological dormancy breaking agent, characterized in that the biological dormancy breaking agent prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-3 or claim 4 is applied to cherry planting management.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of biofertilizer, in particular to a biological dormancy breaking agent.

Background

The common dormancy breaking agent mainly comprises lime nitrogen and cyanamide, but the lime nitrogen and the cyanamide are finally used as effective substances. The action mechanism of cyanamide is as follows: the growth inhibitor ABA (abscisic acid) generated during the dormancy of cherry trees is mainly promoted to degrade in advance, the biological effect of low-temperature cold-demand quantity is replaced to a certain extent (theoretically, 20% of cold-demand quantity can be replaced), the cherry is promoted to sprout, bloom and bear fruits in advance, and the growth inhibitor ABA has a special effect on crops such as cherries and the like planted in subtropical regions lacking winter cold regions and greenhouses, and is widely applied to cherry planting in recent years.

The cyanamide product is a great help for breaking dormancy and early ripening of the cherries in the use process of the cherries, but has a plurality of problems. Such as: stimulating the rapid development of leaf buds to cause the imbalance of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and generating a great amount of fruit shrinkage phenomenon in the hard core period; the branches grow too fast to grow in vain, and the formation of the buds in the second year is directly influenced; after the newly planted trees and weak trees use cyanamide, the normal development of the trees is inhibited, so that the yield is directly reduced; after the normal fruiting tree uses cyanamide continuously for several years, the new growth of the young trees is directly inhibited, and the tree vigor is weakened; the direct death of the buds caused by the spraying of the cyanamide after the buds are not completely developed (the flower receptacle is small and is shrunken), the yield is seriously influenced, the trees which are sprayed with the cyanamide seem to bloom more regularly, but the appearance of regular flowering is at the expense of the buds which are not fully developed, and the yield is directly reduced. Meanwhile, cyanamide often has adverse reactions to human bodies, nausea, vomiting and serious coma in use, and has certain destructive effect on the environment.

Therefore, the development of a novel safe and efficient dormancy breaking agent product is urgent for the healthy and sustainable development of the cherry industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a safe and efficient cherry tree biological dormancy breaking agent (BPM) and an application method thereof.

A biological dormancy breaking agent comprises the following components: light bacteria, bacillus subtilis, green yeast, bifidobacterium, adenosine triphosphate, superoxide dismutase, compound amino acid and glucose.

Further, the biological dormancy breaking agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: light and bacteria: 30%, bacillus subtilis: 20%, green yeast: 20%, bifidobacterium: 10%, adenosine triphosphate: 2%, superoxide dismutase: 1%, complex amino acid: 12%, glucose: 5 percent of the culture medium, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the green saccharomycetes and the bifidobacterium are subjected to fermentation culture, and after the fermentation is finished, dormancy treatment is carried out.

Further, the number of strains satisfies: 200 hundred million/g photosynthetic bacteria, 1000 hundred million/g bacillus subtilis, 200 hundred million/g green yeast and 100 hundred million/g bifidobacterium.

The preparation method of the biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding compound amino acid accounting for 12% of the total mass of the mixture and glucose accounting for 5% of the total mass of the mixture into a stirrer and stirring for 3 minutes;

s2: adding 2% of adenosine triphosphate and 1% of superoxide dismutase based on the total mass of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 2 minutes;

s3: 30 percent of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 percent of bacillus subtilis, 20 percent of green yeast and 10 percent of green yeast of the total mass of the mixture are put into a stirrer to be continuously stirred for 5 minutes;

and S4, packaging the product for later use after detection and metering.

The use method of the biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: diluting the biological dormancy breaking agent with water by 150-fold and 300-fold to form a suspension, and uniformly stirring;

s2, spraying with a corrected sprayer to cover the main stem, branch and bud of the plant, preferably the fog point is just condensed on the plant and is not easy to drip;

wherein the using time depends on agricultural climatic conditions and the period of a plant growth stage, the suspension is sprayed on the third day after the temperature is raised for the cherries in the greenhouse, and the suspension is sprayed for the second time after 5-7 days; for the cherry on land, the spraying is carried out for the first time after the flower bud sprouts, and the spraying is carried out for the second time at intervals of 5-7 days.

Further, in step S1, the biological dormancy breaking agent is diluted 200 times with water to form a suspension and stirred uniformly.

The application of the biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized in that the biological dormancy breaking agent is applied to cherry planting management.

The dormancy breaking agent provided by the invention is used for rapidly degrading abscisic acid accumulated in a tree body through a biotechnology and providing sufficient nutrition for flower bud development on the premise of meeting the minimum cold storage requirement of cherry natural dormancy. Therefore, the early ripening can be promoted, the growth of trees and flower buds can be promoted without damage, and the buds are full, blossom in order and consistent and ripen in advance for about 15 days after the use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cherry tree treated with the biological dormancy breaking agent of the present application

FIG. 2 shows cherry trees treated with a conventional dormancy breaking agent, cyanamide

Detailed Description

In autumn, a plant growth inhibitor, namely abscisic acid (ABA), begins to be naturally synthesized by a cherry tree body along with the gradual decrease of the environmental temperature every year, when the abscisic acid is accumulated to a certain equivalent amount in the tree body, the growth and development of the cherry tree in autumn is naturally stopped, the synthesized nutrition of leaves begins to flow back, most of the nutrition is stored in branches and trunks, and part of the nutrition flows back to the roots to promote the secondary development of the roots in autumn. The peak period of abscisic acid synthesis is from late autumn to early defoliation, and when a large amount of abscisic acid is accumulated in the tree body and the ambient temperature is reduced to be below 7.2 ℃, the cherry trees start to enter a natural dormancy stage.

After the cherry trees enter the dormancy stage, the dormancy can be released only through a certain low temperature, the cold demand quantity of different cherry varieties is greatly different, and the cold demand quantity of common cherry varieties in the temperature range of 0-7.2 ℃ is 800-1400 h. The dormancy process is not only the natural degradation process of abscisic acid, but also the deep biochemical reaction process of the stored nutrition of the tree body, and the cherry trees can begin to germinate when the external temperature is proper after the requirement of cold quantity is met. After the cyanamide is used, although the cyanamide can quickly supplement cold energy required to realize the degradation of abscisic acid, the biochemical reaction in the tree body is not fully completed due to insufficient dormancy period, so that the tree body cannot quickly provide sufficient nutrition for the developing buds after the temperature is raised, the developing buds (small flower receptacle and shriveled) cannot develop and die, only the flower buds with very full buds (the development of the flower receptacle is completed) can continue to develop, and the yield of cherries is directly reduced.

In the invention, high-energy nutrition is rapidly supplied to trees through high-energy active microorganisms (ATP, SOD, light and bacteria, bacillus subtilis, green yeast and bifidobacterium), amino acid and glucose, wherein ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a high-energy phosphate compound commonly existing in various living cells. ATP hydrolysis can release a large amount of energy, and a large amount of chemical energy in ATP molecules is stored in high-energy phosphate bonds. Part of ATPase is an internal membrane protein, can be anchored on a biological membrane, and can move on the membrane; these ATPases are also known as transmembrane ATPases. Transmembrane atpases can import many substances required for metabolism into cells and export poisons, metabolic wastes, and other substances that may impede cellular processes.

SOD (superoxide dismutase) is a kind of metalloenzyme, contains two ions of copper and zinc, and is used for catalyzing the superoxide anion related to antibody to be changed into hydrogen peroxide, then is decomposed by the hydrogen peroxide to protect organism from being influenced by the superoxide anion, is an active substance originated from life body, can eliminate harmful substance produced by organism in the process of metabolism, and is a novel antioxidant enzyme.

ATP and SOD can freely enter and exit the interior of the plant cell wall, ATP can be degraded into ADP by virtue of the powerful degradation function of microbial strains, particularly the powerful degradation function of photosynthetic bacteria, the effect of freely entering cells can be realized, high-energy nutrition is further transmitted to the cells to be absorbed, and metabolic wastes (including abscisic acid and the like) generated in the dormancy process are transmitted out of the cell wall to be rapidly decomposed, so that the micro-ecological environment in plant cell tissues is purified while the plant cells in the dormancy state are activated, and the tree body is promoted to rapidly break the dormancy state and recover the growth situation.

Examples

A biological dormancy breaking agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: light and bacteria: 30%, bacillus subtilis: 20%, green yeast: 20%, bifidobacterium: 10%, adenosine triphosphate: 2%, superoxide dismutase: 1%, complex amino acid: 12%, glucose: 5 percent; wherein, the light and bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the green saccharomycetes and the bifidobacterium are subjected to fermentation culture, and after the fermentation is finished, the dormancy treatment is carried out, and the strain number meets the following requirements: 200 hundred million/g photosynthetic bacteria, 1000 hundred million/g bacillus subtilis, 200 hundred million/g green yeast and 100 hundred million/g bifidobacterium.

The preparation method of the biological dormancy breaking agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding compound amino acid accounting for 12% of the total mass of the mixture and glucose accounting for 5% of the total mass of the mixture into a stirrer and stirring for 3 minutes;

s2: adding 2% of adenosine triphosphate and 1% of superoxide dismutase based on the total mass of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 2 minutes;

s3: 30 percent of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 percent of bacillus subtilis, 20 percent of green yeast and 10 percent of green yeast of the total mass of the mixture are put into a stirrer to be continuously stirred for 5 minutes;

and S4, packaging the product for later use after detection and metering.

The use method of the biological dormancy breaking agent comprises the following steps:

s1: diluting the biological dormancy breaking agent with water by 150-fold and 300-fold to form a suspension, and uniformly stirring;

s2, spraying with a corrected sprayer to cover the main stem, branch and bud of the plant, preferably the fog point is just condensed on the plant and is not easy to drip;

wherein the using time depends on agricultural climatic conditions and the period of a plant growth stage, the suspension is sprayed on the third day after the temperature is raised for the cherries in the greenhouse, and the suspension is sprayed for the second time after 5-7 days; for the cherry on land, the spraying is carried out for the first time after the flower bud sprouts, and the spraying is carried out for the second time at intervals of 5-7 days.

The biological dormancy breaking agent in the embodiment is subjected to a germination test, and the test method comprises the following steps:

1. reagent for testing

Experimental groups: BPM-1 (200 times diluted solution), BPM-2 (300 times diluted solution)

Control group: 50% cyanamide AS (Aladdin reagent)

2. Cherry branch collection

Collecting cherry branches which are mother branches growing for more than six years, collecting 100 mother branches in total, forming a group of 10 fruit branches, cleaning full winter buds with deionized water after each branch is taken back, and draining the buds with absorbent paper for later use in experiments.

3. Drug treatment

The medicament numbers and concentrations are shown in Table 1

TABLE 1

Numbering	Medicament	Dilution factor	Dosage of medicament (mL/g)	Number of cherry buds
					1	BPM	200	40	135
2	BPM	300	40	148
					3	50% cyanamide	40	40	151
4	CK	Clean water	40	164

4. Medicament and temperature control treatment

The compositions in table 1 were dipped with a brush pen, and the cherry shoots were smeared according to the design in table 1, all treatments were carried out at room temperature of 15-18 degrees in this example.

5. Test results

The cherry branches of each group did not change from the treatment of the first day to the fifth day, and the results of the investigation of the day 25 and the day 30 are shown in tables 2 and 3, respectively, wherein table 2 shows the germination of each treated cherry at the day 25, and table 3 shows the germination of each treated cherry at the day 30.

TABLE 2

TABLE 3

6. Analysis of results

As can be seen from the data in table 2: the BPM-1 has better effect on breaking the cherry sleep compared with the BPM-2.

As can be seen from both tables 2 and 3, BPM-1 has substantially the same effect on cherry dormancy breaking as the 50% cyanamide reagent, and 50% cyanamide has dead bud during germination.

7. Conclusion of the experiment

In the test treatment of breaking cherry bud dormancy indoor growth, the cherry tree biological dormancy breaking agent (BPM) has the best effect of 200 times dilution, has the effect similar to that of a contrast medicament of 50% cyanamide, does not have adverse effect on cherry growth, does not have dead bud phenomenon, and has no damage to human bodies and ecological environment.

The biological dormancy breaking agent disclosed by the invention obtains a remarkable effect through tests on land cherries and greenhouse cherries for four years, and the flower chamber is full and powerful after the biological dormancy breaking agent is used. Fig. 1 and 2 show that the cherries subjected to BPM-1 treatment and 50% cyanamide treatment are in the same-period flowering state, the two cherry trees are in the same greenhouse, the initial dormancy breaking treatment mode is different, and the cherry varieties, the cherry tree ages, the cherry states and other cultivation modes are the same, and as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the cherries subjected to biological dormancy breaking by the dormancy breaking agent flower about 2 weeks earlier than the traditional dormancy breaking agent by cyanamide, flowers are uniform and strong, the cherries mature about 15 days earlier, flower buds and leaf buds are not damaged, and the cherry dormancy breaking agent is friendly and safe to human bodies and ecological environments. Has the same performance on the crops such as peach, grape and the like, and has great market popularization value.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.