阅读说明：本技术 一种高低熔点金属熔接的装置、方法及应用 (Device and method for welding high-melting-point metal and low-melting-point metal and application ) 是由 马林 杨玉军 杨金权 周贵来 何超 于 2021-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高低熔点金属熔接的装置,包括和熔接模具和引流挡块；还公开了一种采用该装置的实现金属熔接的方法,分为七步；还公开了该熔接方法应用于铝材与铜材和钢材实现熔接的应用,以及该铝材、铜材和钢材作为接地极的应用。本发明巧妙地利用熔化状态的高温焊料先熔接于高熔点金属,利用该熔接过程的散热和降温,使得焊料的温度降低后再熔接于低熔点金属,以避免高熔点金属材料熔化后对应的温度过高直接熔接低熔点金属给其带来的性质改变,在满足熔接连接的同时,依然保持各金属材料自身的性质,使用效果良好。(The invention discloses a device for welding high-melting point and low-melting point metals, which comprises a welding mold and a drainage stop block; also discloses a method for realizing metal welding by adopting the device, which comprises seven steps; the application of the welding method in welding aluminum materials, copper materials and steel materials and the application of the aluminum materials, the copper materials and the steel materials as grounding electrodes are also disclosed. The invention skillfully utilizes the high-temperature welding flux in a melting state to be firstly welded with the high-melting-point metal, and utilizes the heat dissipation and cooling in the welding process to ensure that the welding flux is welded with the low-melting-point metal after the temperature of the welding flux is reduced, so as to avoid the property change brought by directly welding the low-melting-point metal after the high-melting-point metal is melted, and the properties of each metal material are still maintained while the welding connection is satisfied, thereby having good use effect.)

1. An apparatus for fusion bonding high and low melting point metals, comprising:

the welding mold (100) is provided with a solder reaction cavity (110) and a welding cavity (120), the welding cavity (120) is positioned below the solder reaction cavity (110), and the solder reaction cavity (110) is communicated with the welding cavity (120) through a flow guide groove (130); a first channel (140) for high-melting-point materials to pass through and a second channel (150) for low-melting-point materials to pass through are further formed on the welding die (100), the first channel (140) and the second channel (150) are communicated with the welding cavity (120), and the first channel (140) is located below the second channel (150); a stopper inlet hole is formed in the welding mold (100), and the stopper inlet hole is communicated with the welding cavity (120);

the drainage baffle block (200) is matched with the baffle block inlet hole in shape and size, when the drainage baffle block (200) enters the welding cavity (120) through the baffle block inlet hole, the drainage baffle block (200) is positioned above the second channel (150), and the edge of the drainage baffle block (200) forms a space with the side wall of the welding cavity (120).

2. The apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion of claim 1, wherein:

the first channel (140) and the second channel (150) are both strip-shaped and are arranged perpendicular to each other.

3. The apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion of claim 2, wherein:

the first channel (140) is located directly below the second channel (150).

4. The apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

the welding die (100) comprises a left die single body (I) and a right die single body (II) which are combined into a whole.

5. The apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion of claim 4, wherein:

the reaction cavity (110), the welding cavity (120), the drainage groove (130), the first channel (140), the second channel (150) and the stop block inlet hole are divided into two parts and are respectively formed in the left die single body (I) and the right die single body (II).

6. The apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion of claim 4, wherein:

the die comprises a left die single body (I) and a right die single body (II) which are combined into a whole and are fixed through a fastening device.

7. A method of fusion bonding a high melting point metal and a low melting point metal, using the apparatus of claim 1, and comprising the steps of:

s1, preheating and dehumidifying the welding mold (100);

s2, cleaning the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal to be welded;

s3, respectively placing the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal into the first channel (140) and the second channel (150), and enabling the high-melting-point metal to be located below the low-melting-point metal and keeping the distance between the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal;

s4, inserting the drainage stopper (200) into the stopper inlet hole, so that the drainage stopper (200) is positioned above the low-melting-point metal to form a shield, and the edge of the drainage stopper (200) forms a distance with the side wall of the welding cavity (120);

s5, adding solder into the solder reaction cavity (110) and igniting to generate high temperature, wherein the solder falls to the drainage baffle block (200) through the drainage groove (130) after being melted by the high temperature and is shielded by the drainage baffle block (200) for the low-melting-point metal, and the solder directly flows into the welding cavity (120) through the space between the edge of the drainage baffle block (200) and the side wall of the welding cavity (120);

s6, welding the solder with high temperature to the high-melting-point metal to generate heat dissipation and cooling, gradually accumulating and then welding the solder with low-temperature waste heat to the low-melting-point metal;

s7, after the solder is cooled and solidified, removing the welding mold (100).

8. The method of metal welding of claim 7, wherein: in the step S4, the solder includes thermite, ignition agent and metal pad material for welding, and the ignition agent is ignited to ignite the thermite, so as to melt the metal pad material, thereby forming molten solder.

9. Use of a method for welding metals according to claim 7, characterized in that: the welding method is used for welding aluminum and alloy materials thereof with steel or/and copper.

10. Use of a method for welding metals according to claim 8, characterized in that: the aluminum material and the alloy material thereof, the steel material and the copper material are grounding bodies in a grounding network.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal welding, in particular to a device and a method for welding high-melting-point and low-melting-point metals and application.

Background

The grounding body is also called a grounding electrode, and is a metal conductor directly contacting with the ground.

The grounding grid connects a plurality of grounding bodies with a grounding main line to form a network, has the characteristics of reliable grounding and small grounding resistance, is suitable for the grounding requirement of a large amount of electrical equipment, and is mainly used in places such as power distribution substations, large-scale workshops and the like.

The ground mesh forms a ground loop. And a loop is formed by the grounding bodies in the working area of the grounding loop. The potential distribution of the loop type grounding electrode is uniform.

The grounding electrode is made of metal, and the existing metal materials, such as aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, have the advantages of light weight, good conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, easy processing and the like.

In the construction of grounding grids, aluminum and aluminum alloy materials are used as a part of a grounding electrode in order to fully utilize the performance of the materials. In the process, the connection of aluminum and aluminum alloy materials with the traditional grounding materials is involved. In the prior art, a sleeve is connected by compression and a metal clamp, and the connection modes have the defects that the joint is loosened, the surface of the joint is very easy to oxidize, so that the resistance is increased, and fault current or lightning current cannot be carried through.

Therefore, the best connection should be by welding.

However, because the melting point difference between aluminum and its alloy materials is large compared with the traditional grounding metal, copper and steel, the existing metal welding mold can only meet the metal welding of copper and copper, steel and steel, copper and steel metal materials, and can not adapt to aluminum and its alloy materials.

If a common heat-release welding mold is adopted for welding, the metal structure and the properties of low-melting-point metal materials (aluminum and alloy thereof) are changed when the high-melting-point metal materials are melted, so that the low-melting-point metal materials become hard and brittle, and can be broken when being slightly stressed, and the purpose of using the low-melting-point metal materials after welding connection cannot be met; if the melting temperature in the metal welding is lowered, the high melting point metal material cannot be melted, and the welding cannot be realized. In addition, the same or similar problems are also present in the other high and low melting point metals in the welding.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new welding technique that can weld metals with high and low melting points (e.g., aluminum and its alloy materials with copper or/and steel) and ensure the service performance after welding.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problem that the low-melting-point metal material is not easy to be welded with the high-melting-point metal material with good usability, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a device for welding high-melting-point metal and low-melting-point metal, so as to achieve the purpose of welding high-melting-point metal and low-melting-point metal with good usability after welding.

An apparatus for high and low melting point metal fusion, comprising: the welding mold is provided with a solder reaction cavity and a welding cavity, the welding cavity is positioned below the solder reaction cavity, and the solder reaction cavity is communicated with the welding cavity through a drainage groove; a first channel for high-melting-point materials to pass through and a second channel for low-melting-point materials to pass through are formed on the welding mould, the first channel and the second channel are communicated with the welding cavity, and the first channel is positioned below the second channel; a stop block inlet hole is formed in the welding mould and communicated with the welding cavity; and the shape and the size of the drainage check block are matched with those of the check block inlet hole, and when the drainage check block enters the welding cavity through the check block inlet hole, the drainage check block is positioned above the second channel, and the edge of the drainage check block forms a space with the side wall of the welding cavity.

In some embodiments, the first channel and the second channel are both strip-shaped and are arranged perpendicular to each other.

In some embodiments, the first channel is directly below the second channel.

In some embodiments, the welding die includes a left die piece and a right die piece that are integral.

In some embodiments, the reaction chamber, the weld chamber, the drainage groove, the first channel, the second channel, and the stopper entrance hole are each divided into two parts and formed in the left and right mold units, respectively.

In some embodiments, a fastening device is further included to secure the left and right mold units when they are joined together.

The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for welding a high melting point metal and a low melting point metal, so as to achieve the purpose of welding the high melting point metal and the low melting point metal and having good usability after welding.

A method for welding high melting point metal and low melting point metal adopts the device for welding the metals, and comprises the following steps:

s1, preheating and dehumidifying the welding mold;

s2, cleaning the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal to be welded;

s3, respectively placing the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal into the first channel and the second channel, and enabling the high-melting-point metal to be located below the low-melting-point metal and keeping a distance;

s4, inserting the drainage stopper into the stopper inlet hole to enable the drainage stopper to be located above the low-melting-point metal to form shielding, and enabling the edge of the drainage stopper to form a distance with the side wall of the welding cavity;

s5, adding solder into the solder reaction cavity and igniting to generate high temperature, wherein the solder falls into the drainage baffle block through the drainage groove after being melted by the high temperature and is shielded by the drainage baffle block on the low-melting-point metal, and the solder directly flows into the welding cavity through the space between the edge of the drainage baffle block and the side wall of the welding cavity;

s6, welding the solder with high temperature to the high-melting-point metal to generate heat dissipation and cooling, gradually accumulating and then welding the solder with low-temperature waste heat to the low-melting-point metal;

and S7, after the solder is cooled and solidified, removing the welding mold.

In some embodiments, the solder in step S4 includes thermite, ignition agent and metal pad material for soldering, and the molten solder is formed by igniting the ignition agent to ignite the thermite and further melt the metal pad material.

The invention also aims to provide an application of the metal welding method, in particular to welding of aluminum and alloy materials thereof with steel or/and copper.

The invention also provides an application of the metal welding method, in particular to welding of the aluminum material and the alloy material thereof with the steel material or/and the copper material, wherein the aluminum material and the alloy material thereof, the steel material and the copper material are grounding bodies in a grounding network.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the invention skillfully utilizes the high-temperature welding flux in a melting state to be firstly welded with the high-melting-point metal, and utilizes the heat dissipation and cooling in the welding process to ensure that the welding flux is welded with the low-melting-point metal after the temperature of the welding flux is reduced, so as to avoid the property change brought by directly welding the low-melting-point metal after the high-melting-point metal is melted, and the properties of each metal material are still maintained while the welding connection is satisfied, thereby having good use effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

welding mould-100, solder reaction cavity-110, welding cavity-120, flow guide groove-130, first channel-140 and second channel-150;

drainage block-200.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

A device for welding high-low melting point metals comprises a welding mold 100 and a drainage baffle 200.

Fusion mold 100 is used to provide structural support for fusion. The fusing mold 100 is provided with a solder reaction chamber 110 for forming molten, high-temperature state solder.

A weld cavity 120 is formed in the fusion mold 100 for providing space for a particular weld.

The soldering chamber 120 is located below the solder reaction chamber 110 and is connected through the flow guiding groove 130, so that in a molten state, the high-temperature solder in a fluid state naturally flows into the soldering chamber 120 through the flow guiding groove 130 by gravity, and soldering is achieved.

The fusion mold 100 is formed with a first channel 140 to receive and position the high melting point material.

A second channel 150 is formed in the welding mold 100 to receive and dispose the low melting point material.

The high melting point material and the low melting point material are both materials which need to be welded together.

The first and second passages 140 and 150 open into the weld chamber 120 to assist in welding the high and low melting point materials together in the weld chamber 120.

The first channel 140 is located below the second channel 150, so that the fluid high-temperature solder flows down to contact the high-melting-point material first and then contact the low-melting-point material.

The welding mold 100 is formed with a stopper-entering hole and is communicated to the welding chamber 120.

The current guiding block 200 extends into the soldering chamber 120 through the block access hole to shield the high temperature solder from contacting the low melting point material when the high temperature solder flows down.

Thus, the flow stop 200 is positioned above the second channel 150 when the flow stop 200 extends through the stop access hole into the weld chamber 120.

Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the flowing high-temperature solder can contact the material to be welded, when the drainage stopper 200 extends into the welding cavity 120, the edge of the drainage stopper 200 forms a space with the side wall of the welding cavity 120.

In some embodiments, the drain stopper 200 has a plate shape, and one end of the drain stopper forms a cylinder, the cylinder is rotatably inserted into the welding mold 100, and the other end of the cylinder is suspended, so that the distance between the other end of the cylinder and the sidewall of the welding chamber 120 can be adjusted by rotation, and the flow rate of the solder can be controlled.

In some embodiments, the first channel 140 and the second channel 150 are both strip-shaped and are disposed perpendicular to each other.

The strip shape facilitates the positioning of the materials to be welded, as shown in fig. 1.

In some embodiments, the first channel 140 is located directly below the second channel 150.

The placement of the first channel 140 directly below the second channel 150 facilitates the solder joining the materials to be soldered together.

In some embodiments, welding die 100 includes a left die piece I and a right die piece II that are integral.

By dividing the welding die 100 in two, assembly, cleaning, cooling, and cleaning of the welding slag during the welding operation is facilitated.

In some embodiments, the reaction chamber 110, the weld chamber 120, the drainage groove 130, the first channel 140, the second channel 150, and the stopper-access hole are each divided into two parts and formed in the left mold unit I and the right mold unit II, respectively.

So set up, be convenient for assembly and cleanness.

In some embodiments, a fastening device is further included to fix when the left and right mold units I and II are integrated.

Through setting up fastener with when left mould monomer I and right mould monomer II close to whole to counterpoint the back, fasten it, in order to guarantee welded effect.

In the specific implementation the fastening means is typically a clamp.

A method for fusing a high melting point metal and a low melting point metal, using the above apparatus, includes the following steps S1-S7.

S1, preheating and dehumidifying the welding mold 100.

The preheating is used for avoiding damage caused by too large temperature difference when the solder is ignited. And (4) dehumidification is performed to avoid the influence of moisture on the solder.

And S2, cleaning the high-melting-point metal and the low-melting-point metal which need to be welded.

Because be in high temperature state when the butt fusion, and impurity such as the pollutant on metal surface can produce adverse effect to the effect of butt fusion, can produce the blasting because high temperature even for some, bring danger.

S3, placing the high melting point metal and the low melting point metal into the first channel 140 and the second channel 150, respectively, and making the high melting point metal under the low melting point metal and keeping the distance.

The metal to be welded is placed in the corresponding channel for accommodation. The refractory metal is located below the lower metal to provide structural and positional conditions for subsequent welding. The spacing is maintained to provide support for the solder cooling process.

And S4, inserting the drainage stopper 200 into the stopper inlet hole, so that the drainage stopper 200 is positioned above the low-melting-point metal to form a shield, and the edge of the drainage stopper 200 forms a distance with the side wall of the welding cavity 120.

The purpose of the current-conducting stop 200 is to provide a shield for the low melting point metal, preventing the high temperature solder from first contacting the low melting point metal. At the same time, it is ensured that the flowing solder enters into the soldering chamber 120, thus forming the space.

And S5, adding solder into the solder reaction cavity 110 and igniting to generate high temperature, wherein the solder falls into the drainage baffle 200 through the drainage groove 130 after being melted by the high temperature and is shielded by the drainage baffle 200 for low-melting-point metal, and the solder directly flows into the welding cavity 120 through the space between the edge of the drainage baffle 200 and the side wall of the welding cavity 120.

By igniting the solder and generating high temperatures, a melt is formed and flows into the solder cavity 120 along the path of the structure.

S6, welding the solder with high temperature to the high melting point metal to generate heat dissipation and cooling, and gradually accumulating and then welding the solder with low temperature waste heat to the low melting point metal.

The high-temperature solder firstly melts the high-melting-point metal and is combined into a whole, heat can be dissipated when the high-melting-point metal is melted, and then the temperature can be reduced, the cooled solder is in a low-temperature state and is accumulated upwards, and the low-melting-point metal is contacted and melted by the low temperature of waste heat, and then connection is realized. The high-temperature solder and the ablation of the high-melting-point material to the low-melting-point material in a melting state are avoided, so that the stable property of the low-melting-point material is ensured.

S7, after the solder cools and solidifies, the fusing mold 100 is removed.

In some embodiments, the solder in step S4 includes thermite, ignition agent and metal pad for soldering, and the thermite is ignited by igniting the ignition agent, thereby melting the metal pad to form molten solder.

This welding process has avoided using power and extra heat source, utilizes the metal burning to release heat, can the independent operation, does not select the place, easy operation.

The application of the method for welding the metals is used for welding aluminum and alloy materials thereof with steel or/and copper. In the application, the molten steel and copper are prevented from ablating aluminum and alloy materials thereof, and the stable property of the aluminum material is ensured.

The application of the metal welding method is used for welding the aluminum material and the alloy material thereof with the steel material or/and the copper material, and the aluminum material and the alloy material thereof, the steel material and the copper material are grounding bodies in a grounding network.

In as the grounding body based on aluminum product and alloy material thereof, weld with the grounding body of traditional steel and copper product preparation, beneficial effect is as follows:

1. the aluminum material, the traditional steel material and the copper material are used as grounding materials, the difference of melting points between metals is large, and the metal welding is integrated under the conditions that the aluminum material is not damaged and the properties of the aluminum material are not changed;

2. the grounding body formed by welding has permanence, and high resistance caused by looseness can be avoided; the conductivity and the tensile resistance of the grounding body are enhanced, and the connection performance is better than that of the traditional sleeve crimping or metal clamp;

3. the current carrying capacity of the formed grounding body is greater than or equal to that of the grounding wire;

4. in the welding process, the welding device takes into account the technical requirements that high-temperature and low-melting-point aluminum composite materials required by high-melting-point metals cannot resist high temperature;

5. the drainage is carried out through the drainage baffle block, the flowing and deslagging time is prolonged, two kinds of metal of the grounding body are prevented from being used as joints to clamp slag, and pores and slag clamping cannot occur on the surface and the inner structure;

7. the flow guide stop block changes the flow direction of the high-temperature molten solder, and the operation is simple and the training is easy while the effect is achieved;

8. the drainage stop block is an independent assembly type device, can be repeatedly used and has good economical efficiency;

10. the device for welding is portable and easy to carry, and is convenient for field construction, particularly mountain construction;

11. the device for welding does not need a power supply and a heat source when the metal is welded, and can be independently operated indoors and outdoors;

12. by the device and the method, the welding quality can be judged by looking at the surface of the metal material which is welded into a whole.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.