阅读说明：本技术 曲面玻璃的成型加工方法、曲面玻璃、玻璃制品 (Curved glass forming method, curved glass and glass product ) 是由 段开吉 马娜娜 孙紫运 王国辉 崔贵铭 于 2020-03-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及玻璃切割加工技术领域,具体公开了一种曲面玻璃的成型加工方法、曲面玻璃、玻璃制品,所述曲面玻璃的成型加工方法包括激光切割、热成型处理、裂片分离处理等步骤,通过利用激光切割后的曲面玻璃与玻璃胚料仍然连体的情况,可以为曲面玻璃留出足够的边缘余量,再通过高温热成型处理与裂片分离处理来得到所需的曲面玻璃零件,无需在切割后进行二次切割打磨工序,简单方便,大大提高了成品合格率,加工精度高,解决了现有曲面玻璃的成型加工方法需要二次切割打磨工序,费时费力,同时存在加工精度不高的问题,由于无需在切割后进行二次切割打磨,降低了成本,有效减少了排污。(The invention relates to the technical field of glass cutting and processing, and particularly discloses a curved glass forming and processing method, curved glass and a glass product, wherein the curved glass forming and processing method comprises the steps of laser cutting, thermal forming treatment, splitting separation treatment and the like, can reserve enough margin for the curved glass by utilizing the condition that the curved glass after laser cutting and a glass blank are still connected, and obtains the required curved glass part by high-temperature thermal forming treatment and splitting separation treatment, does not need to carry out a secondary cutting and polishing procedure after cutting, is simple and convenient, greatly improves the qualification rate of finished products, has high processing precision, solves the problems that the existing curved glass forming and processing method needs a secondary cutting and polishing procedure, wastes time and labor, and has low processing precision, and does not need to carry out secondary cutting and polishing after cutting, the cost is reduced, and the pollution discharge is effectively reduced.)

1. The method for forming and processing the curved glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

performing laser cutting on the glass blank to be cut by adopting a picosecond laser cutting machine according to the outline shape of the required curved glass to obtain a glass blank after laser cutting;

preheating and softening the glass blank cut by the laser, then placing the glass blank into a mold, carrying out thermal forming treatment at the temperature of more than 560 ℃ until the glass blank is matched with the mold, cooling, and removing the mold to obtain a semi-finished product; the semi-finished product comprises a frame excess material and curved glass positioned inside the frame excess material, and a part contour line is arranged between the frame excess material and the curved glass;

and carrying out splintering separation treatment on the semi-finished product at the part contour line so as to fracture and separate the curved glass and the frame excess material to obtain the curved glass.

2. The method for forming curved glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass blank to be cut is flat glass or glass with a single curved surface.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the picosecond laser cutter has a power of not less than 30W.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermal forming process is selected from any one of pressure head press forming, vacuum suction forming and natural gravity forming.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pressing head presses the glass blank into engagement with the mold by adjusting the pressing force; the vacuum adsorption molding is to suck the glass blank in a vacuum mode and pull the glass blank down to be matched with the mold; the natural gravity forming is realized by the fact that the glass blank sinks under the dead weight to be matched with the mould.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the thermal forming process is 570-1000 ℃.

7. The method for forming curved glass according to claim 1, wherein the fracture separation treatment is to fracture and separate the curved glass from the frame remnants by a method of cold and hot impact, hot and cold impact, or application of an external force.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of focus of the cutting head of the picosecond laser cutting machine is greater than the thickness of the glass blank to be cut.

9. A curved glass produced by the method for forming a curved glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A glass article comprising, in part or in whole, the curved glass of claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of glass cutting processing, in particular to a forming processing method of curved glass, curved glass and a glass product.

Background

Glass articles are products that are often used in the fields of optics, chemistry, automotive manufacturing, and the like. The curved glass is a common product and is widely applied to various industries, such as cover plate glass for vehicle-mounted displays, automobile reflectors and the like.

At present, for processing curved glass, most of glass curved surface forming methods in the prior art use a conventional common glass cutting machine for processing, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic flow diagram of a glass curved surface forming method using a common glass cutting machine in the prior art specifically includes the following steps: step (a): firstly, carrying out thermal forming treatment on a glass blank flat sheet (raw material) to be cut; step (b): cutting the glass subjected to thermal forming treatment into a shape by using a common glass cutting machine, wherein the edge of the shape must be provided with a secondary cutting and grinding allowance during cutting; step (c): carrying out splitting operation on the cut glass, and removing peripheral waste materials; step (d): and performing finish machining and secondary cutting and polishing on the glass with the split pieces to obtain the curved glass which achieves the required curved shape precision and size precision.

However, the above technical solutions have the following disadvantages in practical use: the forming processing method of curved surface glass in the prior art needs the finish machining process of secondary cutting and polishing, and is time-consuming and laborious, and moreover, secondary cutting and polishing adopts the existing 3D edging technology, but the existing 3D edging technology can not polish complicated curved surface glass sections, and the machining precision of complicated curved surfaces (generally a plurality of connected curved surfaces) is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method for forming and processing curved glass, which aims to solve the problems that the existing method for forming and processing curved glass in the background art needs a secondary cutting and polishing process, is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and has low processing precision.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: the forming and processing method of the curved glass comprises the following steps:

laser cutting: performing laser cutting on the glass blank to be cut by adopting the existing picosecond laser cutting machine according to the outline shape of the required curved glass to obtain the glass blank after the laser cutting (at the moment, the whole glass blank is still connected together);

(II) thermoforming treatment: preheating and softening the glass blank cut by the laser, then placing the glass blank into a mold, carrying out thermal forming treatment at the temperature of more than 560 ℃ until the glass blank is matched with the mold, cooling, and removing the mold to obtain a semi-finished product; the semi-finished product comprises a frame excess material and curved glass positioned in the frame excess material, a part contour line is arranged between the frame excess material and the curved glass, and the frame excess material and the curved glass are connected together through the part contour line; placing the preheated and softened glass blank in a mold, and carrying out thermal forming treatment at the temperature of more than 560 ℃, wherein the shape of the required curved glass and the frame excess material are subjected to synchronous thermal forming, so that the edge shape of the required curved glass, particularly the part with sudden change and sharp corner is formed along with the matrix, and the part which is wrinkled and cannot meet the requirement is far away from the outer side of the curved glass;

(III) splitting and separating treatment: and (3) carrying out splinter separation treatment on the semi-finished product in the step (II) at the part contour line so as to fracture and separate the curved glass from the frame excess material to obtain the curved glass.

As a further scheme of the invention: the curved glass is a glass with at least one curved surface, for example, only one curved surface may be provided, other curved surfaces may be provided, only two curved surfaces may be provided, other curved surfaces may be provided, or all curved surfaces may be provided, and the number of the specific curved surfaces is selected according to the requirement, which is not limited herein. Of course, the method for molding curved glass can also be used for processing glass products with three-dimensional shapes with flat surfaces.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the glass blank to be cut includes: the specific shape of the existing product, such as flat glass, glass with a single curved surface (simple curved surface), etc., is selected according to the requirement, and is not limited herein, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the glass blank to be cut may be rectangular, circular, triangular, etc.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the picosecond laser cutting machine can be an existing product, most manufacturers for producing the picosecond laser cutting machine at present are divided into models of a 30W picosecond laser, a 50W picosecond laser, an 80W picosecond laser and the like according to equipment power, the specific models are selected according to requirements, the picosecond laser with the power of more than 30W is generally adopted, meanwhile, the picosecond laser is required to be adopted, and the carbon dioxide laser, the semiconductor laser and the like cannot meet technological requirements; when the laser cutting is carried out according to the contour shape of the required curved surface glass, a laser beam acts on a glass blank to be cut, the laser beam firstly generates heat energy to enable the glass blank to be cut to be point-shaped and crushed, but the point is still connected with the point, so that the glass blank to be cut is penetrated and exploded into a plurality of crushing points under the action of the laser beam, the laser beam moves to form a straight line, a curve or an arbitrary closed graph, the contour shape of the required curved surface glass is the graph formed by the crushed points in a beam forming mode, and the glass blanks before and after the laser cutting are still connected together.

The required curved glass has a preset contour shape, which is specifically set according to the actual shape of the required curved glass, and is not limited herein; the cutting section of the laser cutting cannot crack after the glass is cut, the laser cutting still cannot crack after the glass is reshaped at the high temperature of above 560 ℃, and the cutting section is a frosted surface; moreover, the process condition parameters of laser cutting are specifically designed according to the shapes, thicknesses, glass materials and the like of different products by referring to the existing method and process, and are not described herein again.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the hot forming treatment is to put the preheated and softened glass blank on a mold of a flow production line in a hot forming working chamber, heat and soften the glass blank at different temperatures (above 560 ℃) for 3 to 5 times, form the glass blank into a required shape by means of self weight or pressure after softening, and then cool the glass blank to normal temperature.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the mold is made of high-temperature resistant materials in the prior art, such as ceramics and the like, and specific materials are selected according to requirements and are not limited herein; the shape of the die corresponds to the contour shape of the required curved glass, the surface of the die, which is in contact with the glass blank cut by the laser, is a concave surface with a certain curvature, the specific curvature range is designed according to requirements, a plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on the die, the size of each vent hole is specifically designed according to requirements, and the size of each vent hole is not limited.

The thermal forming process is to soften the glass blank after the glass blank is heated to above 560 ℃, select a proper heating temperature according to the thickness of the glass blank, the thinner the glass blank is easier to deform, the thicker the glass blank is, the further heating is needed to deform the softened glass blank, the glass blank generally used is 0.3-3mm thick, the softening starts at above 560 ℃, the softened glass blank can be formed into a required shape by self weight or applied pressure, and a plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on the mold, so that air can be discharged when the glass blank is matched with the mold.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the thermoforming process has three forming modes, including: the pressure head is used for pressure forming, vacuum adsorption forming and natural gravity forming, and any one of the pressure head, the vacuum adsorption forming and the natural gravity forming can be selected.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the pressing head is used for pressing and molding, namely the glass blank is placed in a mold and heated to be softened at the temperature of more than 560 ℃, and then the glass blank is pressed to be consistent with the shape of the mold through the adjustment of the pressure applied by the pressing head; the vacuum adsorption molding is that after the glass blank is placed in a mold and heated to be softened at the temperature of more than 560 ℃, the glass blank falls into the mold and is sealed with the mold to a certain extent, at the moment, the glass blank is adsorbed in a vacuum mode, and the glass blank is pulled down to be matched with the mold, like a plastic suction molding process; the natural gravity molding is realized by the dead weight of the glass blank, and the glass blank is softened and sinks by the dead weight to be matched with the mold.

It should be noted that, according to different thicknesses, shapes, and contour sizes of the glass blanks, the selected process condition parameters such as pressure, vacuum degree, and dead-weight pull-down time in the thermal forming process may be adjusted, and different products correspond to different parameters, and are specifically selected according to the requirements, which is not limited herein.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the temperature of the thermal forming treatment is 570-1000 ℃.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the figure size of the curved glass is smaller than that of the glass blank to be cut, a processing allowance, also called as flash or leftovers, is reserved for processing the curved glass, the processing allowance depends on the selection of specific processing technological conditions, the smaller the allowance is, the more raw materials are saved, so that under the specific processing technological conditions, in the glass blank after thermal forming, if the shape tolerance of the required curved glass cannot meet the requirement, the glass blank can only be enlarged to meet the requirement.

As a still further scheme of the invention: and the splitting separation treatment is to fracture and separate the curved glass and the frame excess material at the part contour line of the glass blank with the part contour line cut by adopting a method of cold and hot impact, hot and cold impact or external force application.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the cold and hot impact is to cool the semi-finished product and then rapidly heat the semi-finished product to more than 100 ℃ to realize fracture separation; the hot and cold impact is to rapidly cool and shock the semi-finished product after the semi-finished product is heated to be more than 100 ℃ so as to realize fracture separation; and the external force is directly applied to the semi-finished product in modes of external force knocking and the like, so that the curved glass and the frame excess material are separated in a fracture mode.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the focal depth of a cutting head of the picosecond laser cutting machine is larger than the thickness of the glass blank to be cut, so that the required cutting effect is achieved. For example, the thickness of the glass blank to be cut is 2mm, the focal depth is more than 2mm, and 3mm-4mm can be taken.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the steps of laser cutting, thermal forming treatment and splitting separation treatment are the main steps of curved glass forming, and the others are as follows: the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step (such as chamfering and silk-screen printing) and the like can be alternated among the three main steps, the sequence of the three main steps is not allowed to change, the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step and the like are all the prior art, and are not described herein.

The embodiment of the invention also aims to provide the curved glass prepared by the method for forming the curved glass.

Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a glass product, which partially or completely comprises the above curved glass.

Further, the specific shape of the glass product is designed according to the requirement, and may be the existing product shape, and is not limited herein, for example, the glass product may be a cover plate type glass for a vehicle-mounted display, a car mirror, and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the forming processing method of the curved glass provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the processing of the curved glass part with a simple curved surface and/or a complex curved surface (cambered surface), can reserve enough edge margin for the curved glass by utilizing the condition that the curved glass after laser cutting and the glass blank are still connected, and obtains the required curved glass part by high-temperature thermal forming treatment and splitting treatment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a glass curved surface forming method using a common glass cutting machine in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for forming curved glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a schematic structural diagram of a semi-finished product before a crack separation process is performed in the curved glass forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-frame excess material; 2-part contour line; 3-curved glass.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, process steps and device structures well known in the art are omitted here.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the method for forming curved glass includes the following steps:

laser cutting: performing laser cutting on a glass blank to be cut (planar glass is selected) by adopting an existing picosecond laser cutting machine (the power is 30W) according to the set outline shape of the required curved glass to obtain the glass blank after the laser cutting (at the moment, the whole glass blank is still connected together, namely when the laser cutting is performed according to the outline shape of the required curved glass, a laser beam acts on the glass blank to be cut, the glass blank to be cut is subjected to point-shaped crushing by laser beam generation, but the points are still connected, so that the glass blank to be cut is penetrated and exploded into a plurality of crushing points under the action of one laser beam, the laser beam moves to form a straight line, a curve or an arbitrary closed graph, the outline shape of the required curved glass is a graph formed by the crushed points in a beam forming mode, but the glass blanks before and after the laser cutting are still connected together);

(II) thermoforming treatment: preheating and softening the glass blank cut by the laser, then placing the glass blank into a mold, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 570 ℃ until the glass blank is matched with the mold, cooling, and removing the mold to obtain a semi-finished product; specifically, the preheated and softened glass blank is placed on a mold of a flow production line in a thermal forming working chamber, the glass blank can be formed into a required shape by means of self weight or pressure after being softened, and then the glass blank is cooled to the normal temperature;

the semi-finished product comprises a frame excess material 1 and curved glass 3 positioned in the frame excess material 1, a part contour line 2 is arranged between the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3, and the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3 are connected together through the part contour line 2; placing the preheated and softened glass blank in a mould, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 570 ℃, and synchronously carrying out thermal forming on the shape of the required curved glass 3 and the frame excess material 1 to ensure that the edge shape of the required curved glass 3, especially the part with sudden change and sharp corner is formed along with the matrix, the part which is wrinkled and can not meet the requirement is far away from the outer side of the curved glass 3, and the main part in the middle of the blank reaches the required shape and is reserved for the curved glass 3;

(III) splitting and separating treatment: and (3) carrying out splinter separation treatment on the semi-finished product in the step (II) at the part contour line 2 so as to fracture and separate the curved glass 3 and the frame excess 2 to obtain the curved glass 3.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the mold is made of a high temperature resistant material in the prior art, preferably a high temperature resistant ceramic material; the shape of the mould corresponds to the outline shape of the glass with the required curved surface, the surface of the mould, which is contacted with the glass blank cut by the laser, is a concave surface with a certain curvature, the specific curvature range is designed according to requirements, and a plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on the mould, so that air can be conveniently discharged when the glass blank is matched with the mould.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the splitting and separating process is to fracture and separate the curved glass 3 and the frame remainder 1 at the part contour line 2 of the glass blank from which the part contour line 2 is cut by using a cold and hot impact method. And the cold and hot impact is to cool the semi-finished product and then rapidly heat the semi-finished product to more than 100 ℃ so as to realize fracture separation. It should be noted that the cold and hot impact is realized by temperature difference, and water cooling and heating are commonly used. The water can be recycled. And splitting is realized according to different glass thicknesses and size profiles. For example, for the preparation of an automobile mirror, the size is 200X 150mm, the thickness is 2mm, the glass blank is heated to 200 ℃ and then sprayed on the glass blank with room temperature water, and the hot glass blank is cracked at the laser cutting part by the impact of water, thus being separated without external force.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the focal depth of the cutting head of the picosecond laser cutting machine is greater than the thickness of the glass blank to be cut, so as to achieve the required cutting effect.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the steps of laser cutting, thermal forming, and splitting separation are the main steps of curved glass forming, and others are as follows: the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step (such as chamfering and silk-screen printing) and the like can be alternated among the three main steps, the sequence of the three main steps is not allowed to change, the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step and the like are all the prior art, and are not described herein.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, the curved glass 3 is a natural gravity molding automobile reflector, and the outer contour dimension of the glass is 200 × 150mm, and the thickness is 2 mm.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the method for forming curved glass includes the following steps:

laser cutting: performing laser cutting on a glass blank to be cut (selecting simple curved glass) by adopting an existing picosecond laser cutting machine (with the power of 50W) according to the set outline shape of the required curved glass to obtain the glass blank after the laser cutting (at the moment, the whole glass blank is still connected together);

(II) thermoforming treatment: preheating and softening the glass blank cut by the laser, then placing the glass blank into a mold, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 850 ℃ until the glass blank is matched with the mold, cooling, and removing the mold to obtain a semi-finished product; specifically, the preheated and softened glass blank is placed on a mold of a flow production line in a thermal forming working chamber, the glass blank can be formed into a required shape by means of self weight or pressure after being softened, and then the glass blank is cooled to the normal temperature;

the semi-finished product comprises a frame excess material 1 and curved glass 3 positioned in the frame excess material 1, a part contour line 2 is arranged between the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3, and the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3 are connected together through the part contour line 2; placing the preheated and softened glass blank in a mould, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 570 ℃, and synchronously carrying out thermal forming on the shape of the required curved glass 3 and the frame excess material 1 to ensure that the edge shape of the required curved glass 3, especially the part with sudden change and sharp corner is formed along with the matrix, the part which is wrinkled and can not meet the requirement is far away from the outer side of the curved glass 3, and the main part in the middle of the blank reaches the required shape and is reserved for the curved glass 3;

(III) splitting and separating treatment: and (3) carrying out splinter separation treatment on the semi-finished product in the step (II) at the part contour line 2 so as to fracture and separate the curved glass 3 and the frame excess 2 to obtain the curved glass 3.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the mold is made of a high temperature resistant material in the prior art, preferably a high temperature resistant ceramic material; the shape of the mould corresponds to the outline shape of the glass with the required curved surface, the surface of the mould, which is contacted with the glass blank cut by the laser, is a concave surface with a certain curvature, the specific curvature range is designed according to requirements, and a plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on the mould, so that air can be conveniently discharged when the glass blank is matched with the mould.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the splitting and separating process is to apply an external force to the glass blank cut to form the part contour 2 to break and separate the curved glass 3 from the frame remainder 1 at the part contour 2.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the focal depth of the cutting head of the picosecond laser cutting machine is greater than the thickness of the glass blank to be cut, so as to achieve the required cutting effect.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the steps of laser cutting, thermal forming, and splitting separation are the main steps of curved glass forming, and others are as follows: the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step (such as chamfering and silk-screen printing) and the like can be alternated among the three main steps, the sequence of the three main steps is not allowed to change, the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step and the like are all the prior art, and are not described herein.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, the curved glass 3 is a natural gravity molding automobile reflector, and the outer contour dimension of the glass is 200 × 150mm, and the thickness is 2 mm.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the method for forming curved glass includes the following steps:

laser cutting: performing laser cutting on a glass blank to be cut (simple curved glass is selected) by adopting an existing picosecond laser cutting machine (the power is 50W) according to the set outline shape of the required curved glass to obtain the glass blank after the laser cutting (at the moment, the whole glass blank is still connected together, namely when the laser cutting is performed according to the outline shape of the required curved glass, a laser beam acts on the glass blank to be cut, the glass blank to be cut is broken in a point shape by laser beam-forming generated heat energy, but the point is still connected with the point, so that the glass blank to be cut is penetrated and exploded into a plurality of broken points under the action of one beam of laser, the laser beam moves to form a straight line, a curve or an arbitrary closed graph, the outline shape of the required curved glass is a graph formed by the broken points in a beam-forming mode, but the glass blanks before and after the laser cutting are still connected together);

(II) thermoforming treatment: preheating and softening the glass blank cut by the laser, then placing the glass blank into a mold, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 1000 ℃ until the glass blank is matched with the mold, cooling, and removing the mold to obtain a semi-finished product; specifically, the preheated and softened glass blank is placed on a mold of a flow production line in a thermal forming working chamber, the glass blank can be formed into a required shape by means of self weight or pressure after being softened, and then the glass blank is cooled to the normal temperature;

the semi-finished product comprises a frame excess material 1 and curved glass 3 positioned in the frame excess material 1, a part contour line 2 is arranged between the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3, and the frame excess material 1 and the curved glass 3 are connected together through the part contour line 2; placing the preheated and softened glass blank in a mould, carrying out thermal forming treatment at 570 ℃, and synchronously carrying out thermal forming on the shape of the required curved glass 3 and the frame excess material 1 to ensure that the edge shape of the required curved glass 3, especially the part with sudden change and sharp corner is formed along with the matrix, the part which is wrinkled and can not meet the requirement is far away from the outer side of the curved glass 3, and the main part in the middle of the blank reaches the required shape and is reserved for the curved glass 3;

(III) splitting and separating treatment: and (3) carrying out splinter separation treatment on the semi-finished product in the step (II) at the part contour line 2 so as to fracture and separate the curved glass 3 and the frame excess 2 to obtain the curved glass 3.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the mold is made of a high temperature resistant material in the prior art, preferably a high temperature resistant ceramic material; the shape of the mould corresponds to the outline shape of the glass with the required curved surface, the surface of the mould, which is contacted with the glass blank cut by the laser, is a concave surface with a certain curvature, the specific curvature range is designed according to requirements, and a plurality of vent holes are uniformly distributed on the mould, so that air can be conveniently discharged when the glass blank is matched with the mould.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the splitting and separating process is to break and separate the curved glass 3 and the frame remainder 1 at the part contour line 2 of the glass blank from which the part contour line 2 is cut by using a hot-cold impact method. The hot and cold impact is to rapidly cool and shock the semi-finished product after the semi-finished product is heated to more than 100 ℃ so as to realize fracture separation. Before the splitting separation treatment, the curved glass 3 and the frame remainder 2 are still connected in the glass blank cut by the laser beam, the glass blank is rapidly quenched after being heated to more than 100 ℃, the glass blank is rapidly quenched from thermal expansion to cold contraction due to the fact that the glass belongs to brittle materials, countless micro-crushing points are generated in the glass blank by the laser beam and are connected with the points, the connected parts are brittle when being quenched, namely the points and the points are opened, and the curved glass 3 and the frame remainder 2 are thoroughly separated and broken.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the focal depth of the cutting head of the picosecond laser cutting machine is greater than the thickness of the glass blank to be cut, so as to achieve the required cutting effect.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the steps of laser cutting, thermal forming, and splitting separation are the main steps of curved glass forming, and others are as follows: the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step (such as chamfering and silk-screen printing) and the like can be alternated among the three main steps, the sequence of the three main steps is not allowed to change, the inspection step, the cleaning step, the detail processing step and the like are all the prior art, and are not described herein.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, the curved glass 3 is a natural gravity molding automobile reflector, and the outer contour dimension of the glass is 200 × 150mm, and the thickness is 2 mm.

Example 4

In comparison with example 1, in the example of the present invention, the same as example 1 was conducted except that the press forming was conducted by using an indenter in the thermoforming treatment.

Example 5

In comparison with example 1, in the present example, the same as example 1 was conducted except that vacuum suction molding was used in the thermoforming treatment.

Example 6

Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment of the invention is the same as the embodiment 1 except that the curved glass 3 is the automobile reflector formed by natural gravity, the outline size of the glass is 200 multiplied by 150mm, the thickness is 2mm, the glass is heated and softened at 5 times of different temperatures in the thermal forming treatment, a turntable type circulating thermal forming furnace with the diameter of 7 m and 5 temperature zones are adopted, the temperature zones are respectively 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 740 ℃ and 730 ℃, the inner side and the outer side are respectively 740 ℃ and 750 ℃, the circulating beat is 8 minutes, the glass blank is softened and is matched with a die by self weight, vent holes with the diameter of 3mm are distributed on the die, the vent holes are convenient for exhausting air clamped between the glass blank and the die when the glass blank is matched with the die, and the distance is 50 mm.

Comparative example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing curved glass according to the glass curved surface forming method of the prior art by using a common glass cutting machine specifically comprises the following steps: step (a): firstly, carrying out thermal forming treatment on a glass blank flat sheet (raw material) to be cut; step (b): cutting the glass subjected to thermal forming treatment into a shape by using a common glass cutting machine, wherein the edge of the shape must be provided with a secondary cutting and grinding allowance during cutting so as to ensure that the secondary cutting and grinding can achieve the required curved surface shape precision and size precision; step (c): carrying out splitting operation on the cut glass, and removing peripheral waste materials; step (d): and performing finish machining and secondary cutting and polishing on the glass with the split pieces to obtain a glass sample with the required size.

Performance testing

The curved glass in the examples 1 to 3 and the glass sample prepared in the comparative example 1 are subjected to qualification rate detection and comparison, specifically, a curvature tester designed according to the characteristics of the automobile rearview mirror and the requirements of newly issued national standard GB15084-2006 performance and installation requirements of the rearview mirror for motor vehicles is adopted according to the requirement of the curvature radius of the rearview mirror R1200mm specified by the automobile industry standard, and the technical parameters are as follows: the dial gauge has the measuring range of 0-6.5mm/0-12.7 mm and the resolution of 0.001 mm. Specific results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 comparative results table

	Curvature detection error	Percent of pass of finished product
			Comparative example 1	30-70mm	62.9%
Example 1	25-35mm	85%
			Example 2	28-38mm	82%
Example 3	31-41mm	82%

Among them, by comparing the curved glass in examples 1 to 3 with the glass sample prepared in comparative example 1, it was found that: the curvature detection error of the embodiment 1 reaches 25-35mm, the detection error of the comparative example 1 is 30-70mm, and compared with the comparative example 1, the curvature detection error is relatively improved by 40%; the qualification rate of the finished product reaches 85 percent, and compared with the comparative example 1, the qualification rate of the finished product is improved by 35 percent; compared with comparative example 1, the size precision is improved by 30%, the sewage discharge is reduced by 60%, and the efficiency is improved by 50%.

Meanwhile, the curvature detection error of the embodiment 2 reaches 28-38mm, the detection error of the comparative example 1 is 30-70mm, and the detection error is relatively improved by 37% compared with that of the comparative example 1; the qualification rate of the finished product reaches 82 percent, and compared with the comparative example 1, the qualification rate of the finished product is improved by 35 percent; compared with comparative example 1, the size precision is improved by 28%, the sewage discharge is reduced by 60%, and the efficiency is improved by 50%.

Moreover, the curvature detection error of the embodiment 3 reaches 31-41mm, the detection error of the comparative example 1 is 30-70mm, and the detection error is relatively improved by 41% compared with that of the comparative example 1; the qualification rate of the finished product reaches 82 percent, and compared with the comparative example 1, the qualification rate of the finished product is improved by 32 percent; compared with comparative example 1, the size precision is improved by 27%, the sewage discharge is reduced by 60%, and the efficiency is improved by 50%.

In combination with the above results, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1) the forming processing method of the curved glass provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the preparation of curved glass parts with simple and complex curved surfaces (cambered surfaces), and by mainly utilizing the condition that the cut curved glass and the glass blank are still connected, the glass blank can reserve enough margin for the curved glass and can still be formed at high temperature, so that the middle area of the whole glass blank can meet the hot forming part with complex-shaped curved surface requirements required by design; compared with the existing curved glass forming and processing method which needs to perform a secondary cutting and polishing process after cutting, the curved glass forming and processing method provided by the embodiment of the invention is integrally formed by laser cutting, burrs are directly removed after heat treatment, polishing is not needed, the precision is high, and the problems that the existing curved glass forming and processing method needs a secondary cutting and polishing process, time and labor are wasted, and the processing precision is low are solved.

2) According to the forming processing method of the curved glass provided by the embodiment of the invention, the edge of the glass is smooth by adopting laser cutting, the edge breakage is small, the traditional lens edge polishing process is cancelled, the qualified rate of finished products is greatly improved, the related manpower, equipment, materials, applied resources and the like are saved, the cost is reduced, and the pollution discharge is effectively reduced.

3) The forming processing method of the curved glass provided by the embodiment of the invention cuts the plane or simple curved glass by adopting the picosecond technology or the femtosecond technology through the laser cutting machine, and because the focal depth has a certain adjustable range, the cutting becomes easy, the price of equipment is low, and the efficiency is high.

4) In the method for forming and processing the curved glass provided by the embodiment of the invention, cold and hot impact or external force is applied after hot forming, so that the laser cutting section is broken (split separation treatment), the curved glass part with the required curved shape is separated, and polishing is not needed, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the complex curved surface.

5) In addition, the existing 3D edging technology can not grind complicated curved glass sections, only a carving and milling machine with more than four shafts can be used for reprocessing and grinding peripheries, but no four-shaft, five-shaft or six-shaft edging machine exists at present, and the processing equipment with more than four shafts is expensive, low in efficiency, high in grinding cost and polluted.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the invention using the above disclosed methods and techniques, or to modify equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention, without affecting the spirit of the invention. As currently used picosecond laser cutters capable of cutting glass, more advanced glass laser machines have been developed in the future. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.