阅读说明：本技术 光伏组件及其制造方法 (Photovoltaic module and method for manufacturing same ) 是由 杨骞 于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种光伏组件及其制造方法,所述光伏组件的制造方法包括以下步骤：S1、对盖板进行加热,所述盖板为玻璃件；S2、在加热后的所述盖板的上表面上自下向上依次铺设第一封装胶膜、电池串层、第二封装胶膜和背板以得到铺设件；S3、将所述铺设件放入层压机中进行层压以得到所述光伏组件。根据本发明的光伏组件的制造方法,使盖板可以在进入层压机之前进行提前加热,且盖板可以对第一封装胶膜、电池串层、第二封装胶膜和背板起到很好的预热作用,从而可以减少铺设件在层压机内停留时间,缩短层压时间,提高光伏组件的生产效率,且可以降低层压机的设定温度,对真空度的要求较低。(The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: s1, heating a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is a glass piece; s2, sequentially paving a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer, a second packaging adhesive film and a back plate on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top to obtain a paved part; s3, placing the laying member into a laminating machine for laminating to obtain the photovoltaic module. According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the cover plate can be heated in advance before entering the laminating machine, and the cover plate can well preheat the first packaging adhesive film, the battery string layer, the second packaging adhesive film and the back plate, so that the residence time of a laid part in the laminating machine can be reduced, the laminating time is shortened, the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the set temperature of the laminating machine can be reduced, and the requirement on the vacuum degree is lower.)

1. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising the steps of:

s1, heating a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is a glass piece;

s2, sequentially paving a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer, a second packaging adhesive film and a back plate on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top to obtain a paved part;

s3, placing the laying member into a laminating machine for laminating to obtain the photovoltaic module.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the temperature of the heated cover plate is less than or equal to the melting point of the first adhesive packaging film, and the temperature of the heated cover plate is less than or equal to the melting point of the second adhesive packaging film.

3. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the first encapsulant film and the second encapsulant film are both EVA pieces, and the temperature of the heated cover plate is T, where T satisfies: t is more than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to 80 ℃.

4. The method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein T further satisfies: t is more than or equal to 70 ℃ and less than or equal to 75 ℃.

5. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S3, the lamination set temperature in the laminator is T₁Wherein said T is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 118 DEG C₁≤122℃。

6. Method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that said T is₁Further satisfies the following conditions: t is₁＝120℃。

7. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S3, the lay-up is evacuated in the laminator for a time t₁Wherein said t is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 2min₁≤6min。

8. Method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that said t is₁Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₁＝4min。

9. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S3, the lay-up is laminated in the laminator for a lamination time t₂Wherein said t is₂Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 5min₂≤8min。

10. Method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that said t is₂Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₂＝7.5min。

11. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the backsheet is a glass member,

step S2 specifically includes:

s21, laying a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer and a second packaging adhesive film on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top in sequence;

s22, heating the back plate;

s23, placing the heated back plate on the second packaging adhesive film in the step S21.

12. A photovoltaic module manufactured by the method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The solar photovoltaic industry is a new energy industry that has developed very rapidly in recent years. Among them, the lamination process of the photovoltaic module is an important component of the photovoltaic module manufacturing process. In the related art, during the lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the laminator is usually set to a high temperature, for example, about 140 ℃, and the lamination time is long, which affects the efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, which can reduce the set temperature of a laminator, shorten the lamination time, and improve the production efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module manufactured by the above method.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module includes the steps of: s1, heating a cover plate, wherein the cover plate is a glass piece; s2, sequentially paving a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer, a second packaging adhesive film and a back plate on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top to obtain a paved part; s3, placing the laying member into a laminating machine for laminating to obtain the photovoltaic module.

According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the cover plate is heated, the first packaging film, the battery string layer, the second packaging film and the back plate are sequentially paved on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top to obtain the paved part, the paved part is placed into the laminating machine to be laminated to obtain the photovoltaic module, the cover plate can be heated in advance before entering the laminating machine, and the cover plate can well preheat the first packaging film, the battery string layer, the second packaging film and the back plate, so that the residence time of the paved part in the laminating machine can be reduced, the laminating time is shortened, the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the set temperature of the laminating machine can be reduced, and the requirement on the vacuum degree is low.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the temperature of the heated cover plate is less than or equal to the melting point of the first adhesive packaging film, and the temperature of the heated cover plate is less than or equal to the melting point of the second adhesive packaging film.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first packaging adhesive film and the second packaging adhesive film are both EVA pieces, and the temperature of the heated cover plate is T, where T satisfies: t is more than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to 80 ℃.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the T further satisfies: t is more than or equal to 70 ℃ and less than or equal to 75 ℃.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S3, the lamination set temperature in the laminator is T₁Wherein said T is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 118 DEG C₁≤122℃。

According to some embodiments of the invention, the T₁Further satisfies the following conditions: t is₁＝120℃。

According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S3, the lay-up is evacuated in the laminator for a time t₁Wherein said t is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 2min₁≤6min。

According to some embodiments of the invention, the t is₁Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₁＝4min。

According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S3, the lay-up has a lamination time t in the laminator₂Wherein said t is₂Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 5min₂≤8min。

According to some embodiments of the invention, the t is₂Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₂＝7.5min。

According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the back plate is a glass piece, the step S2 specifically includes: s21, laying a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string layer and a second packaging adhesive film on the upper surface of the heated cover plate from bottom to top in sequence; s22, heating the back plate; s23, placing the heated back plate on the second packaging adhesive film in the step S21.

The photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a glass heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the step S2 when the back plate is a glass piece;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

100: a photovoltaic module;

1: a cover plate; 2: a first packaging adhesive film; 3: a battery string layer;

31: a battery piece; 4: a second packaging adhesive film; 5: a back plate;

200: a glass heating device;

201: heating the upper cover; 202: the lower cover is heated.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, the embodiments described with reference to the drawings being illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-6.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes the steps of:

s1, heating the cover plate 1, wherein the cover plate 1 is a glass piece;

s2, sequentially paving a first packaging adhesive film 2, a battery string layer 3, a second packaging adhesive film 4 and a back plate 5 on the upper surface of the heated cover plate 1 from bottom to top to obtain a paved part;

and S3, placing the laying member into a laminating machine for laminating to obtain the photovoltaic module 100.

For example, in the manufacturing of the photovoltaic module 100, with reference to fig. 1, 3 and 6, after the cover plate 1 is heated, the heated cover plate 1, the first encapsulant film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second encapsulant film 4 and the back plate 5 may be sequentially laid to obtain a laid member, so as to complete the preparation work before lamination of the photovoltaic module 100. Wherein the battery string layer 3 includes a plurality of battery pieces 31. And then placing the paved part into a laminating machine for vacuumizing so as to exhaust air in the paved part, and then heating and laminating to ensure that the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are crosslinked and cured so as to protect the battery string layer 3, thereby realizing firm bonding of the cover plate 1, the first packaging adhesive film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging adhesive film 4 and the back plate 5. The first adhesive film 2 may be a front adhesive film, and the second adhesive film 4 may be a back adhesive film. Optionally, the photovoltaic module 100 can be manufactured by additionally installing an aluminum alloy frame and a junction box and sealing the junction box by using silica gel. From this, because apron 1 heats in advance before getting into the laminator, apron 1 can play fine preheating effect to first encapsulation glued membrane 2, battery cluster layer 3, second encapsulation glued membrane 4 and backplate 5, can reduce the dwell time of laying the piece in the laminator, shortens lamination time, raises the efficiency, and compares with traditional photovoltaic module's lamination process, can reduce the settlement temperature of laminator, and the requirement of vacuum is lower.

According to the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module 100, the cover plate 1 is heated, the first packaging film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging film 4 and the back plate 5 are sequentially laid on the upper surface of the heated cover plate 1 from bottom to top to obtain the laid piece, and the laid piece is placed into the laminator to be laminated to obtain the photovoltaic module 100, so that the cover plate 1 can be heated in advance before entering the laminator, and the cover plate 1 can well preheat the first packaging film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging film 4 and the back plate 5, so that the residence time of the laid piece in the laminator can be reduced, the laminating time is shortened, the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 is improved, the set temperature of the laminator can be reduced, and the requirement on the vacuum degree is low.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, in step S1, the temperature of the heated cover plate 1 is less than or equal to the melting point of the first adhesive packaging film 2, and the temperature of the heated cover plate 1 is less than or equal to the melting point of the second adhesive packaging film 4. Specifically, for example, during packaging, the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are heated and melted, and flow and fill the gap of the battery piece 31, and then the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are cured at a higher temperature and crosslinked into a network-shaped macromolecule. If the heating curing time of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 4 is too long, the cross-linking agent is decomposed by heat, and the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 4 can not be cured, and if the temperature rising speed is too fast, bubbles are generated. Therefore, through the arrangement, the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are guaranteed to be solid before being put into the laminating machine, the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are prevented from being heated and decomposed in advance and being incapable of being cured, and bubbles are avoided, so that the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 is guaranteed, and the yield of the photovoltaic module 100 is improved.

Optionally, the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 may be EVA pieces, and the temperature of the heated cover plate 1 is T, where T satisfies: t is more than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to 80 ℃. Specifically, for example, when T is less than 10 ℃, the temperature of the heated cover plate 1 is too low, and the cover plate 1 has a poor preheating effect on the first packaging adhesive film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging adhesive film 4 and the back plate 5, so that the residence time of the laying member in the laminator cannot be effectively shortened; when T > 80 ℃, the temperature of the heated cover plate 1 is too high and may be higher than the melting points of the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4, so that the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 are decomposed by heat before being put into the laminating machine and cannot be cured.

Thus, by making T satisfy: t is more than or equal to 10 ℃ and less than or equal to 80 ℃, the cover plate 1 can preheat the first packaging adhesive film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging adhesive film 4 and the back plate 5, and meanwhile the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 can be prevented from being melted before entering a laminating machine, so that the yield of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved. Moreover, by making both the first and second encapsulant films 2 and 4 EVA members, the first and second encapsulant films 2 and 4 have high transparency and high adhesion, and have good durability against high temperature, moisture, ultraviolet rays, and the like. In addition, the EVA part is easy to store and can be stored at room temperature, and the adhesive force of the EVA part is not influenced by humidity and a water-absorbing film. In addition, the EVA member is flowable, and can flow well and fill the voids of the cell sheet 31.

Further optionally, T further satisfies: t is more than or equal to 70 ℃ and less than or equal to 75 ℃. So set up, when avoiding first encapsulation glued membrane 2 and second encapsulation glued membrane 4 to be heated and decompose before getting into the laminator, can guarantee that apron 1 has better preheating effect to first encapsulation glued membrane 2, battery cluster layer 3, second encapsulation glued membrane 4 and backplate 5 to reduce the settlement temperature of laminator, shorten the lamination time, raise the efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the lamination set temperature in the laminator is T₁Wherein T is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 118 DEG C₁Less than or equal to 122 ℃. Wherein, T₁May be 120 deg.c. For example, when T₁When the temperature is lower than 118 ℃, the lamination set temperature in the laminator is too low, so that the lamination time of a paved part can be prolonged, and the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced, and the lower lamination set temperature can cause the lower crosslinking degree of the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4, the lower bonding strength among the raw materials and the auxiliary materials and influence the service life of the photovoltaic module 100; when T is₁When the temperature is higher than 122 ℃, the lamination set temperature in the laminator is too high, which may cause the first encapsulant film 2 and the second encapsulant film 4 to be cured in advance during vacuum pumping, the vacuum pumping is not thorough, and some parts, such as the outgoing line part of the bus bar, may have residual gas, resulting in the generation of bubbles in the photovoltaic module 100, and the energy consumption of the laminator is high. Thus, by making the lamination set temperature T1 in the laminator satisfy: t is more than or equal to 118 DEG C₁Less than or equal to 122 ℃, compared with the traditional lamination process of the photovoltaic module, the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 is ensured and simultaneouslyThe lamination set temperature in the laminator can be reduced by about 20 ℃, the fluctuation is smaller, the energy consumption is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the yield of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module 100 is prolonged.

In some embodiments of the invention, step S3 is performed by evacuating the lay-up in the laminator for a time t₁Wherein t is₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 2min₁Less than or equal to 6 min. For example, when t is₁When the time is less than 2min, the vacuumizing time of the paved part in the laminating machine is too short, the laminating is too early, at the moment, the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 have good flowability and flow under pressure, so that the battery piece 31 can be displaced, the bus bar can be bent, the back surface of the photovoltaic module 100 is wrinkled, and the like, and air in the paved part can not be pumped out due to the too short vacuumizing time, so that air bubbles can be generated in the photovoltaic module 100; when t is₁When the time is more than 6min, the vacuumizing time of the paved part in the laminating machine is too long, so that the time of the paved part in the laminating machine is prolonged, the cross-linking degree of the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 4 is higher, and the first packaging adhesive film and the second packaging adhesive film are easy to age, yellow and set for degumming. Whereby the laying member is evacuated for a time t in the laminating machine₁Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 2min₁Less than or equal to 6min, it is reasonable to lay the evacuation time of piece in the laminator, can avoid producing the bubble in photovoltaic module 100, and can prevent that first encapsulation glued membrane 2 and 4 cross-linking degrees of second encapsulation glued membrane are on the high side, can improve photovoltaic module 100's yield.

Alternatively, t₁Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₁4 min. So set up, compare with traditional photovoltaic module's lamination process, lay the evacuation time of piece in the laminator and shortened more than 20%, and the yield is higher.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step S3, the lay-up is laminated in the laminator for a lamination time t₂Wherein t is₂Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 5min₂Less than or equal to 8 min. For example, when t is₂When the time is less than 5min, the laminating time of the paved part in the laminating machine is too short, the bonding firmness of the cover plate 1, the first packaging adhesive film 2, the battery string layer 3, the second packaging adhesive film 4 and the back plate 5 can be influenced, and when t is₂When the time is more than 8min, the paved part is arranged in a laminating machineMay cause air bubbles to appear in the photovoltaic module 100, reducing the service life. Thus, the laminating time t of the paved member in the laminating machine₂Satisfies the following conditions: t is less than or equal to 5min₂Less than or equal to 8min, the yield of the photovoltaic module 100 can be further improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module 100 is prolonged.

Alternatively, t₂Further satisfies the following conditions: t is t₂7.5 min. For example, the heating time of the lay-up in the laminator at this time may be 1.5min and the evacuation time may be 6 min. Thus, compared with the traditional laminating process of the photovoltaic module, the laminating time of the laying member in the laminating machine can be shortened by more than 15%, and the temperature uniformity is better.

In some embodiments of the present invention, with reference to fig. 4-6, when the back plate 5 is a glass member, the step S2 specifically includes:

s21, laying a first packaging adhesive film 2, a battery string layer 3 and a second packaging adhesive film 4 on the upper surface of the heated cover plate 1 from bottom to top in sequence;

s22, heating the backboard 5;

s23, the heated back plate 5 is placed on the second adhesive packaging film 4 of step S21.

It should be noted that S21, S22, and S23 are only required for convenience in describing the present solution, and are not to be construed as limiting the order of the above steps. That is, the execution order of steps S21, S22, and S23 may be specifically determined according to actual requirements, and is not limited to the control in the order of S21-S23, for example, S21 and S22 may be performed simultaneously.

For example, when the back sheet 5 and the cover sheet 1 are both glass pieces, the photovoltaic module 100 is a dual glass photovoltaic module. Therefore, by heating the back plate 5 and placing the heated back plate 5 on the second packaging adhesive film 4 in step S21, the residence time of the laid member in the laminator can be further reduced, the laminating time can be shortened, and the requirements of the laminator on the set temperature and the vacuum degree can be reduced. Moreover, by heating both the back plate 5 and the lid plate 1, the difference in temperature between the back plate 5 and the lid plate 1 is made small, so that the battery piece 31 can be prevented from warping.

The photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is manufactured by the method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6.

According to the photovoltaic module 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module 100, the laminating time of the paved parts can be shortened, and the production efficiency and yield of the photovoltaic module 100 can be improved.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the glass heating apparatus 200 includes a heating upper cover 201 and a heating lower cover 202, and when heating is performed on glass pieces, the glass pieces such as the cover plate 1 and the back plate 5 are disposed between the heating upper cover 201 and the heating lower cover 202.

Other constructions and operations of the photovoltaic module 100 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, "the first feature" and "the second feature" may include one or more of the features.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.