阅读说明：本技术 一种烟草原料仓储防虫系统和方法 (Tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method ) 是由 任建新 杜文 张晖 张其龙 于 2020-03-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种烟草原料仓储防虫系统和方法,该系统,包括杀虫剂喷淋装置、缓冲室和储存室,所述缓冲室内设置有压缩空气喷吹装置,缓冲室设置有缓冲室入口和缓冲室出口,缓冲室出口即为储存室入口,所述储存室的内墙面铺设有网布,储存室入口处设置有拉链网门。采用本申请的烟草原料仓储防虫系统和方法,不仅防虫效果显著,可以确保烟草仓储4-5年不受虫害的侵蚀,而且对人无危害、对设备无腐蚀、对环境无污染,同时,不影响仓储烟草的自然纯化,确保了烟草原料的产品质量。(The invention discloses a tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method, wherein the system comprises an insecticide spraying device, a buffer chamber and a storage chamber, a compressed air blowing device is arranged in the buffer chamber, the buffer chamber is provided with a buffer chamber inlet and a buffer chamber outlet, the buffer chamber outlet is the storage chamber inlet, mesh cloth is laid on the inner wall surface of the storage chamber, and a zipper mesh door is arranged at the storage chamber inlet. By adopting the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method, the insect prevention effect is remarkable, the tobacco storage can be prevented from being eroded by insect pests for 4-5 years, the system is harmless to people, free from corrosion to equipment and free from pollution to the environment, meanwhile, the natural purification of the stored tobacco is not influenced, and the product quality of the tobacco raw materials is ensured.)

1. The tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system is characterized in that: including insecticide spray set, surge chamber and apotheca, be provided with compressed air jetting device in the surge chamber, the surge chamber is provided with surge chamber entry and surge chamber export, and the surge chamber export is the apotheca entry promptly, the screen cloth has been laid to the interior wall of apotheca, and the apotheca entrance is provided with the zip fastener net door.

2. The tobacco material storage insect prevention system according to claim 1, wherein: the insecticide spray set includes spray booth, conveyer belt and to spouting the spray gun, the conveyer belt all sets up in the spray booth with to spouting the spray gun.

3. The tobacco material storage insect prevention system according to claim 2, wherein: the storage chamber is provided with a window.

4. The tobacco material storage insect control system according to claim 3, wherein: the aperture of the mesh cloth is not larger than 50 meshes.

5. The tobacco material storage insect prevention system according to claim 4, wherein: the aperture of the zipper net door is not larger than 50 meshes.

6. The tobacco material storage insect control system according to claim 5, wherein: the screen cloth is supported by iron wires.

7. A method for tobacco material storage insect control using the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1: tobacco raw material disinsection: uniformly spraying insecticide on the tobacco raw material by using an insecticide spraying device;

s2: packaging tobacco raw materials: packaging the tobacco raw materials sprayed with the pesticide according to a universal packaging method of the tobacco raw materials to obtain a tobacco raw material bag;

s3: transferring a tobacco raw material bag: transferring the tobacco material bale to a buffer chamber by a conveying means;

s4: and (3) blowing treatment: blowing the conveying tool, the tobacco raw material bag and the operators by a compressed air blowing device;

s5 storing tobacco raw material bag: and opening the zipper net door, transferring the tobacco material bags into the storage chamber for storage, evacuating personnel and equipment after storage is finished, and closing the zipper net door.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the pesticide is an methoprene pesticide.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the content of the methoprene in the pesticide is 1-10%.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the content of pesticide in per kilogram of tobacco material is 2-20 mg.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco storage, in particular to a tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method.

Background

According to the report of the general theory of tobacco storage and insect prevention in China, the weight loss of tobacco storage pests in China is about 62.3 million people every year, the weight loss rate is about 1.64 percent, and the economic loss is as high as 3 hundred million yuan. Research on the community of tobacco storage insects shows that, in tobacco storage pests, coleopteran species take absolute advantage, and lepidopteran species are the next. Common insect species are tobacco beetle and tobacco pink borer, and the tobacco beetle is particularly suitable for tropical climate, infects and harms various forms of tobacco in the whole production process, and causes billions of yuan of loss to the stored tobacco every year. Tobacco beetles harm tobacco leaves at various stages of the processing process, including cigarettes, and are therefore harmful to tobacco leaf storage, processing machinery, tobacco dust, finished product storage, even retail locations and automatic cigarette vending machines. These hazards not only cause a loss of weight of the tobacco leaves, but also cause a reduction in the rate of filamentation of the tobacco leaves due to the presence of wormholes, and the excretions of pests cause a reduction in the quality of the tobacco leaves, etc.

In order to produce high-quality cigarettes free from insect pests, dead bodies or insect feces (secretions and oil stains) pollution, the insect pests need to be controlled. At present, the control method of the pests of the stored tobacco can be divided into non-chemical control and chemical control.

The non-medicament control method comprises physical control (low-temperature disinsection, high-temperature disinsection and ionizing radiation control), storage technology control (sealing and deoxidizing, changing air components, changing humidity, insect-proof bags) and the like. Wherein, low-temperature disinsection is an effective disinsection measure in northern areas of China, high-temperature disinsection is usually to kill pests storing tobacco by using high temperature in the redrying process, and vacuum moisture regain before filament making can also kill pests. Zhengzhou tobacco institute used cobalt in 1985⁶⁰The effect of gamma-ray radiation for preventing and controlling the tobacco beetles and the tobacco pink borers is good, but the practical implementation at present has certain difficulty. Artificially changing the gas components in the air (such as charging carbon dioxide or nitrogen into a sealed tobacco stack) can inhibit the occurrence of pests, and the use of an oxygen scavenger for controlling tobacco-storing pests also belongs to the category.

The chemical prevention and treatment comprises using fumigants, tobacco leaf protective agents, hormone pesticides and the like. At present, fumigants such as aluminum phosphide, methyl bromide, organic phosphorus (dichlorvos) and the like are mainly used for fumigating and killing pests in China, pyrethrins medicaments (such as dichlorvos and the like) are also used for killing pests in China, but the airtight fumigation of a whole warehouse cannot kill the pests in various pest states due to the poor airtightness of most warehouses in China. The development of technologies such as slow-selection fumigation, intermittent fumigation and mixed fumigation has practical significance for improving the fumigation effect, but the medicaments have certain toxicity and cause safety risks. The application of hormone pesticide mainly relates to two aspects of sex trapping agent and juvenile hormone analog, and the ultra-micro sex hormone can show strong effect, and has the characteristics of high population specificity and no toxicity, so that the compound is widely applied to various aspects of pest control. Among them, the most common application is in population monitoring, and some progress has been made by using pheromones to interfere with mating of pests. Insect pheromones have achieved considerable success as a means of prediction and control. Currently, there are several companies in the world that produce various insect pheromone sustained release formulations, dispensers, traps, etc. A large amount of pests using gathered pheromones are effectively trapped and killed, and the pheromones are utilized to prevent and control the pests, and trapping technology, killing technology, mating interference technology and the like are combined to achieve better effect.

The two methods have certain defects, and the most common method in the methods adopted in the actual production at present is a medicament control method, wherein intermittent phosphine fumigation is the most main method, and the method has the defects of poor environmental protection performance, and phosphine is a highly toxic chemical which is harmful to human beings, corroded to equipment and polluted to the environment. The individual production adopts a non-medicament prevention and control method, namely a sealed oxygen reduction method, and has the defects of complex operation and higher cost, most seriously influences the natural purification of tobacco raw materials during storage, and finally causes the serious reduction of the quality of tobacco leaves. At present, the application of pheromone pesticides is the most advanced, and the strong effect can be shown due to the ultra-micro pheromone, and the pheromone pesticide is non-toxic and pollution-free.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method, which not only have a significant insect prevention effect, but also ensure that the tobacco storage is not eroded by insect pests for 4-5 years, and are harmless to human, non-corrosive to equipment, and non-pollution to the environment, and at the same time, do not affect the natural purification of the stored tobacco, so as to ensure the product quality of the tobacco raw material.

The invention solves the problems through the following technical means:

the utility model provides a tobacco raw materials storage protection against insects system, includes insecticide spray set, surge chamber and apotheca, be provided with compressed air jetting device in the surge chamber, the surge chamber is provided with surge chamber entry and surge chamber export, and the surge chamber export is the apotheca entry promptly, the screen cloth has been laid to the interior wall of apotheca, and the apotheca entrance is provided with the zip fastener net door.

Further, insecticide spray set includes spray booth, conveyer belt and to spouting the spray gun, the conveyer belt all sets up in the spray booth with to spouting the spray gun.

Further, the storage chamber is provided with a window.

Further, the aperture of the mesh cloth is not larger than 50 meshes.

Furthermore, the aperture of the zipper net door is not larger than 50 meshes.

Further, the screen cloth is supported by iron wires.

A method for preventing insects in tobacco material storage by adopting the system comprises the following steps:

s1: tobacco raw material disinsection: uniformly spraying insecticide on the tobacco raw material by using an insecticide spraying device;

s2: packaging tobacco raw materials: packaging the tobacco raw materials sprayed with the pesticide according to a universal packaging method of the tobacco raw materials to obtain a tobacco raw material bag;

s3: transferring a tobacco raw material bag: transferring the tobacco material bale to a buffer chamber by a conveying means;

s4: and (3) blowing treatment: blowing the conveying tool, the tobacco raw material bag and the operators by a compressed air blowing device;

s5 storing tobacco raw material bag: and opening the zipper net door, transferring the tobacco material bags into the storage chamber for storage, evacuating personnel and equipment after storage is finished, and closing the zipper net door.

Further, the insecticide is an methoprene insecticide.

Further, the content of the methoprene in the pesticide is 1-10%.

Furthermore, the content of the pesticide in each kilogram of tobacco raw materials is 2-20 mg.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system comprises an insecticide spraying device, a buffer chamber and a storage chamber, wherein a compressed air blowing device is arranged in the buffer chamber, the buffer chamber is provided with a buffer chamber inlet and a buffer chamber outlet, the buffer chamber outlet is the storage chamber inlet, mesh cloth is laid on the inner wall surface of the storage chamber, and a zipper mesh door is arranged at the storage chamber inlet. By adopting the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and method, the insect prevention effect is remarkable, the tobacco storage can be prevented from being eroded by insect pests for 4-5 years, the system is harmless to people, free from corrosion to equipment and free from pollution to the environment, meanwhile, the natural purification of the stored tobacco is not influenced, and the product quality of the tobacco raw materials is ensured.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an insecticide spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a storage chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. tobacco raw material bag, 2, storage chamber, 3, window, 4, storage chamber inlet, 5, screen cloth, 6, zipper screen door, 7, buffer chamber inlet, 8, buffer chamber outlet, 9, conveying tool, 10, compressed air blowing device, 11, ventilating pipeline, 17, opposite spraying spray gun, 18, tobacco raw material, 19, conveyor belt

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1-3: the embodiment provides a tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system which comprises an insecticide spraying device, a buffer chamber and a storage chamber 2. Insecticide spray set includes spray booth, conveyer belt 19 and to spouting spray gun 17, conveyer belt 19 all sets up in the spray booth with to spouting spray gun 17, and conveyer belt 19 includes the upper portion conveyer belt that is used for the input of tobacco raw materials 18 and the lower part conveyer belt that is used for the output of tobacco raw materials 18, and to spouting spray gun 17 and set up the junction at upper portion conveyer belt and lower part conveyer belt, spray the insecticide to tobacco raw materials 18 from the upper and lower side of tobacco raw materials to improve the homogeneity that sprays. The buffer chamber is internally provided with a compressed air blowing device 10, the buffer chamber is provided with a buffer chamber inlet 7 and a buffer chamber outlet 8, and the buffer chamber outlet 8 is the storage chamber inlet 4. The apotheca top is provided with air pipe 11, and screen cloth 5 has been laid to the interior wall of apotheca 2, does not leave any dead angle, screen cloth 5 supports through the iron wire, is made by materials such as cotton, nylon. The storage chamber is provided with a zipper net door 6 at the inlet 4, the zipper net door 6 is connected with a net cloth 5 through a zipper, and the hole diameters of the net cloth and the zipper net cloth are not larger than 50 meshes. The inner space of the storage chamber is isolated by the mesh cloth, so that external pests are prevented from entering the storage chamber, air circulation is not influenced, and natural purification of tobacco raw materials is facilitated.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the storage chamber 2 is provided with a window 3 to facilitate ventilation and natural purification of the stored tobacco material.

The embodiment also provides a method for preventing insects in tobacco material storage by adopting the system, which comprises the following steps:

s1: tobacco raw material disinsection: uniformly spraying the insecticide on the tobacco raw material 18 by using an insecticide spraying device; the pesticide is a methoprene pesticide, and when the pesticide is prepared, ethanol and water are used as solvents, and certain antioxidant and surfactant are matched to prepare a spraying liquid medicine containing 1-10% of methoprene. When spraying, the content of the pesticide in each kilogram of tobacco raw materials is 2-20 mg;

s2: packaging tobacco raw materials: packaging the tobacco raw materials sprayed with the pesticide according to a universal packaging method of the tobacco raw materials to obtain a tobacco raw material bag 1;

s3: transferring a tobacco raw material bag: transferring the packet 1 of tobacco material to a buffer chamber by a conveying means 9 (e.g. a forklift);

s4: and (3) blowing treatment: blowing the conveying tool, the tobacco raw material bag and the operator by using the compressed air blowing device 10;

s5 storing tobacco raw material bag: and (4) opening the zipper net door 6, transferring the tobacco raw material bag 1 into the storage chamber 2 for storage, evacuating personnel and equipment after storage is finished, and closing the zipper net door.

In conclusion, the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention method are simple, low in cost and remarkable in effect, compared with the traditional phosphine fumigation, the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention system and the tobacco raw material storage insect prevention method do not adopt highly toxic chemicals, are remarkable in insect prevention effect, harmless to people, free of corrosion to equipment and free of pollution to the environment, can ensure that tobacco is not corroded by insect pests in 4-5 years of storage, can not affect natural purification of stored tobacco, and ensures product quality of tobacco raw materials.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.